天津市南開(kāi)區(qū)高三下學(xué)期二模試題英語(yǔ)

20232024學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期高三年級(jí)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)（二）英語(yǔ)筆試本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分，共130分，考試用時(shí)100分鐘。第Ⅰ卷1至12頁(yè)，第Ⅱ卷13至16頁(yè)。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上，并在規(guī)定位置粘貼考試用條形碼。答卷時(shí)，考生務(wù)必將答案涂寫(xiě)在答題卡上，答在試卷上的無(wú)效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將答題卡交回。祝各位考生考試順利！第Ⅰ卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆將答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其它答案標(biāo)號(hào)。2.本卷共55小題，共95分。第一部分：英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)：?jiǎn)雾?xiàng)填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。例：Standoverthere_________you'llbeabletoseeitbetter.A.or B.and C.but D.while答案是B。1.—Whyareyoualwayslate?—_________?I'veneverdelayedwork.A.Sowhat B.Whynot C.Whatfor D.Whyme2,Thenegotiationshavebeen_________inapositivemanner.A.digested B.blocked C.conducted D.narrowed3.Itwasseveraldays_________IfoundthatIhadlostmywatch.A.as B.before C.since D.when4.Thehikewasgreat_________theweather.A.aswellas B.inplaceof C.incaseof D.exceptfor5.Youdon'tneedanyspecialskillsforthisjob,justplain_________sense.A.domestic B.normal C.mon D.average6.—Whyarethehousingpricesinbigcitiesgoingupallthetime?—Onereasonisthatpeopleare_________intoovercrowdedcitiesingreatnumbers.A.breaking B.filling C.pouring D.hurrying7.NowthepriceofgoodsontheInternetischeaperthan_________inthemarket.A.it B.those C.that D.these8.Couldyou_________thisformformetoseeifIhavefilleditoutcorrectly?A.takeover B.lookafter C.giveoff D.goover9._________earlyforthepetition,shesetthealarmclock.A.Gettingup B.Togetup C.Getup D.Havinggotup10.ThisancientvaseisveryspecialandIwilldo_________Icantorestoreit.A.that B.which C.whatever D.whichever11.Theyqueued(排隊(duì))fortwohoursfornothing.They_________havebeentoldtheticketsweresoldout.A.would B.may C.must D.should12.—Tony,you'vebeenacceptedintoourclub.—_________That'sgreat.A.Goodidea! B.Congratulations! C.HaveI? D.Pardon?13._________atthecenterofBeijing,theForbiddenCityismainlybuiltofbricks.A.Located B.Locating C.Beinglocated D.Havinglocated14._________publishedfiftyyearsago,hisworkstillattractsmuchattentionatpresent.A.As B.Though C.Apartfrom D.Despite15.Thebossofthepanyistryingtocreateaneasyatmosphere_________hisemployeesenjoytheirwork.A.where B.which C.when D.that第二節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從16～35各題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。NaturewasChenRui's“childhoodhome”.The37yearoldresearcherattheChineseAcademyofSciences'InstituteofZoology(中國(guó)科學(xué)院動(dòng)物研究所)wasnotabletotalkuntilhewas4yearsoldbecauseofthewayhisbrainprocessessensoryinformation.This16him“strange”insomepeople'sminds.So,hedidn'thavefriendswhowerearoundhisage.Thisledhimtoturnhis17tononhumanthingsaroundhim.Hebecamefascinated(著迷)bytheworldof18.“The19timeofmychildhoodwasinthefarmfields,”saysChen.“Isquatted(蹲下)there,20theactivitiesofinsects,includingantsbuildingtheirhomes,grasshoppersnibblinggrassanddragonfliesflyinglow.Ihadsomanyquestionsabouttheiractivitiesandwasfullof21aboutthisworld.”Theseexperiences22aseedinhisheart.Decadeslater,he'sascholarwhohas23lifescienceinvestigationsinnearly100countriesandregionsonfivecontinents.Hehasfoundaround100new24,livingandextinct,manyofwhicharenamed25him.“Iwasachildwhowas‘cured’by26,”hesays.“Iwantedtogrowupto27thepowerofnaturewithmoreyoungpeopleandtopopularizeunderstandingofanimals,includinginsects.Iwantedtostartclassestobringchildrentolearnintheopenairand28thegiftsnatureendows(賦予).”Theseaspirations(愿望)ledhimtorecently29thepopularsciencebook,DuChongJi(ReadingAboutInsects).It'sacontinuationofamissionhebegantoactupon30afreshmanin2006,whenhestarteda(n)31forpeopleinterestedininsectsatNanjingAgriculturalUniversity.Heoften32formemberstovisittheZijinMountaininNanjing,Jiangsuprovince,to33insects.Hisorganization34hadnearly600members.Aftergraduatingin2010,Chenwas35totheUniversityofChineseAcademyofSciencestopletehisdoctorateinzoology.In2016,hewasrecruited(錄用)bytheInstituteofZoologyoftheCAS.16.A.got B.dreamed C.did D.made17.A.face B.attention C.movement D.back18.A.herbs B.farming C.pets D.insects19.A.hardest B.shortest C.happiest D.forgettable20.A.observing B.playing C.organizing D.ruling21.A.curiosity B.guilty C.care D.hope22.A.planted B.liked C.had D.melted23.A.cameout B.broughtout C.gotdown D.engagedin24.A.countries B.species C.columns D.wastes25.A.out B.after C.on D.over26.A.parents B.doctor C.nature D.heart27.A.reach B.relate C.find D.share28.A.experience B.wave C.pare D.create29.A.consume B.publish C.raise D.polish30.A.as B.about C.with D.under31.A.test B.research C.association D.newspaper32.A.arranged B.cycled C.dealt D.drilled33.A.getthrough B.knockoff C.putout D.lookfor34.A.occasionally B.eventually C.precisely D.barely35.A.admitted B.inspired C.connected D.selected第二部分閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題2.5分，滿分50分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AChoosingacollegeisaboutmorethanthenameonthediploma(文憑).Wherestudentsgotoschooltouchesmanyaspectsoftheirlives,fromacademicstudiestosocialactivitiesandbeyond.Consideringtheimportanceofthisdecision,prospectivestudentsshouldthinkcarefullyabouttheiroptions.Followthesestepstohelpyoumakeacollegedecision.Developyourshortlist.Alotofthoughtshouldgointodevelopingashortlistofschoolsyouwouldliketoattend.BrennanBarnardandRickClark,authorsof“TheTruthAboutCollegeAdmission:AFamilyGuidetoGettingInandStayingTogether,”urgestudentstothinkaboutlocation,enrollmentsize(招生規(guī)模),majorsandprograms,thepeopleoncampus,opportunitiesoutsideoftheclassroom,costandselectivitywhencraftingalist.Revisitschools.Onceapplicationsarein,it'stimetothinkhardaboutwhereyouwanttoattend,whichmayleadanothervisit.Whileyoushouldhavegottenafeelforcampuslifeduringinitialcollegetours,takeanothertriptoeachschoolandeupwithalistof10to15detailedquestions,saysBobRoth,authorofseveralbooksoncollegesuccess.Knowwhattoaskonacollegevisit,anddon'tleavewithanyquestionsunanswered.Meetingwithcurrentstudentsisanotherwaytomeasurecampusculture,astheycanprovideinsightaboutsocialactivitiesandclassroomexperiencesforcertainmajors.Buttakingacampustourcanbeexpensive,consideringtravelcosts.Ifareturntripisoutofthequestion,takeasecondlookatthecampusviaavirtualtourandreachouttocollegeofficialsorstudentswithanyfollowupquestions.parefinancialaidawards.Ifyou'relookingtograduatefromcollegewithlittleornodebt,carefullyparefinancialaidpackages.It'swisetolookbeyondthetuitionandseewhatadditionalcostsapply,likehousingandmealplans.Understandthedifferencebetweenfreemoneysuchasgrants(補(bǔ)助金)andscholarships—andloans,whichyou'llhavetopaybackeventually.Somecollegesoffergenerousfinancialaidpackagesmeetingfullfinancialneed,meaningthosestudentsarenotrequiredtotakeoutloans.municatewithfamily.Manyparentshavefondmemoriesoftheircollegecampusandwanttheirchildrentosharethatsameexperience.Butwhatwasthebestfitforaparent,maynotbethebestfitforthestudent.Createanopendialogueduringthedecisionmakingprocess.Giveyourparentsreasonsastowhyyouwanttoattendaparticularcollege,likeaninterestinaspecificacademicprogramorstudyabroadopportunity.36.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?A.Thelistofcollegesyouwouldliketoattendshouldbeasshortaspossible.B.Therearemanyfactorstoconsiderbeforechoosingacollege.C.Youshouldlistasmanyschoolsaspossiblebeforechoosingacollege.D.Themostimportantthingtoconsiderwhenchoosingacollegeisthelocation.37.AccordingtoParagraph3,whydoyouneedtovisittheschoolsagain?A.Becauseavirtualtourtothecampusisalwayslessconvenientthanaphysicalvisit.B.Becauseitisgoodtogettoknowmorecurrentstudentsbeforeschoolstarts.C.Becausethecostoftakingacampustourisnotasexpensiveasyouthink.D.Becauseyouneedtoknowmoreabouttheseschoolsbeforemakingafinaldecision.38.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestaboutfinancialaidawards?A.Youdon'tneedtoworryaboutthecostofrentandfood.B.Youneedtoknowwhatmoneyyouneedtopaybackandwhatyoudon't.C.Allyouneedtoconsiderwhenchoosingacollegeisthecostoftuition.D.It'sunwisetochooseacollegewhosefinancialaidpackagecoversallfinancialneeds.39.AccordingtoParagraph5,whichofthefollowingmayNOTbeareasonforparentstoletstudentschoosethecollegetheyattended?A.Theyhavehadaninvestmentinthecollege. B.Theyhadmetverygoodprofessorsatthatcollege.C.Thecollegehasabeautifulview. D.Thecollegehasfriendlystaff.40.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthispassage?A.Todrawstudent'sattentiontocollegelife. B.Tohelpstudentsfindtherightcollege.C.Toprovidestudentswithaccesstocollege. D.Tosharehisexperienceonselectingcollege.BThelittlecountryschoolhousewasheatedbyanoldfashioned,potbelliedcoalstove(煤爐).Alittleboyhadthejobofingtoschoolearlyeachdaytostartthefireandwarmtheroombeforehisteacherandhisclassmatesarrived.Onemorningtheyarrivedtofindtheschoolhouseengulfedinflames(被火焰吞沒(méi)).Theydraggedtheunconsciouslittleboyoutoftheflamingbuildingmoredeadthanalive.Hehadmajorburnsoverthelowerhalfofhisbodyandwastakentoanearbycountyhospital.Hismotherwastoldthathewassuretodie.Evenifheweretosurvive,hewouldbeacripple(瘸子)throughouthislife.Butthebraveboydidnotwanttodienordidhewanttobeacripple.Muchtobetheamazementofthedoctor,hedidsurvive.Butunfortunatelyfromhiswaistdown,hehadnomotorability.Histhinlegsjustdangled(懸蕩)there,lifeless.Ultimatelyhewasreleasedfromthehospital.Buthisdeterminationtowalkwasasstrongasever.Athome,whenhewasnotinbed,hewaslimitedtoawheelchair.Oneday,hethrewhimselffromthechairandpulledhimselfacrossthegrass,dragginghislegsbehindhim.Hereachedthefence,raisedhimselfupandthenstakebystake,hebegandragginghimselfalongthefence,anddecidedthathewouldwalk.Hedidthiseveryday,withfaithinhimselfthathewouldbeabletowalkunaided.Withhisironpersistenceandhisresolutedetermination,hediddeveloptheabilitytostandup,thentowalkslowly,thentowalkbyhimselfandthentorun.Hebegantowalktoschool,thenruntoschool,torunforthesheerjoyofrunning.Laterincollegehemadethetrackteam.InFebruary1934,inNewYorkCity'sfamedMadisonSquareGarden,thisyoungmanwhowasnotexpectedtosurvive,whowouldsurelyneverwalk,whocouldneverhopetorunthisdeterminedyoungman,Dr.GlennCunningham,rantheworld'sfastestmile.41.Whydidthelittleboygotoschoolearlyeveryday?A.Todecoratetheclassroom. B.Tocleantheclassroom.C.Tolightthestove. D.Togiveteachersandclassmatesasurprise.42.WhatcanbeconcludedfromParagraph2?A.Thelittleboywasbadlyburned. B.Thelittleboylostthelowerpartofhisbody.C.Thelittleboywascrippled. D.Thelittleboy'smotherwassurehewasgoingtodie.43.Whatproblemdidthelittleboyfacewhenhelefthospital?A.Hedidn'thavelongtolive. B.Hemightneverwalkagain.C.Hehadnomotorability. D.Helosthislegs.44.Howdidthelittleboywalkagain?A.Bythrowinghimselffromthewheelchair. B.Byclimbingonthefence.C.Bypullinghimselfalongthefenceeachday. D.Byjoiningthetrackteam.45.Dr.GlennCunningham's1934raceresultwasA.depressing. B.challenging C.promising D.impressiveCManyanimalsandplantsareendangeredintheworldtoday.Theseendangeredspeciesarethreatenedwithbeingextinct,meaningtheywillnolongerexistonEarth.ExamplesincludetheCubanMacawandtheSriLankanLegumeTree.Hunting,andcollectingoftheMacawbirdforpets,ledtoitsextinction.WhilstthemainreasonthenativeSriLankanLegumeTreewentextinctwasduetohabitatlossfromdevelopmentinthe20hcentury.Themaincauseforanimalsandplantsdisappearingisoftenadisruption(擾亂)tothefoodchainduetohunting,habitatlossoreventheintroductionofinvasive(入侵的)species.Everylivingthingfromonecelledanimalstoabluewhaleneedstoeat.Natureisconnectedandcontrolledbymanyfragile(脆弱的)foodchains.Afoodchaindescribeswhoeatswhominahabitat.Whenoneofthelinksinafoodchainisnolongerpresent—forexample,aspeciesgoesextinct—thefoodchainbreaksandsometimesthiscancauseotheranimalstodisappearandthewholesystemcanbeeimbalancedorevencollapsed.Humanscanhavedisastrouseffectsonfoodchains.Whenpeoplefirstexploredtheworld,theytookanimalandplantspeciesfromtheirhomecountriestotheplacestheyexploredandsettledin.Theydidnotrealisetheconsequencesofintroducinginvasivespecies.Bydoingso,theyweredisruptingthenaturalfoodchainsoftheareastheyexplored.Nowadaystherearestrictrulescontrollingthemovementofanimalsandplantsbetweencountries.Butsomepartsoftheworldarestillexperiencingproblemswithinvasivespeciesintroducedhundredsofyearsago.Withrisingawarenessofhowweaffectthenaturalenvironment,hopefullywecanlearntoprotectthesefoodchainsandhelpthemtothrive.Otherwisethecontinuedlossofspecieswilleventuallymeanourownextinction.46.WhatcouldbeinferredfromParagraph1?A.MacawsareextinctbecauseofhabitatlossB.SriLankanLegumeTreebecameextinctbecauseofseedcollecting.C.Theinvasivespeciesmayleadtotheextinctionofthenativespecies.D.Themaincauseofplantsextinctionishunting.47.WhatcanwelearnaboutfoodchainfromParagraph2?A.Itonlyaffectsonecelledanimals. B.Itdecidesthebalanceofthewholesystem.C.Itisalwaysbrokenbyinvasivespecies. D.Itiscontrolledbyfragilenature.48.AccordingtoParagraph3，howdidhumansaffectfoodchainsinareastheyexplored?A.Bysettlingin. B.Bytakingawaynativespecies.C.Byhuntinglocalanimals. D.Byintroducingforeignspecies.49.Theunderlinedword“thrive”inParagraph5probablymeans________.A.tocontinuetoliveorexistB.togrowtowardfullstatureorphysicalormentalmaturityC.tobee,andcontinuetobe,successful,strong,healthy,etc.D.togetawayfromanunpleasantordangeroussituation50.Accordingtotheauthor,whichofthefollowingiscorrect?A.Thefoodchainwillalwaysfindawaytobebalanced.B.Thenaturalworldexperiencestimesofdamagebutitalwayscanrecover.C.Humanactivity,inallforms,tendstocausegreatdestructiontothenaturalworld.D.Despitetheclimatechangecausedbyhumans,plantsandanimalswillgoextinctnaturally.DAntarctica(南極洲)isthecoldestplaceonEarth.It'salsothedriest.Withannualrainfallclosetozero,Antarcticaistechnicallyadesert.Coveringabout14millionsquarekilometersaroundtheSouthPole,itisthefifthlargestcontinentintheworld.Ahighmountainrange,theTransAntarcticrange,runsfromeasttowest,cuttingthecontinentintwo.Therearevolcanoestoo,buttheyarenotveryactive.Antarcticaholds90%oftheworld'sice,andmostofitsfreshwater(70%)isinafrozenstate,ofcourse.98%ofthesurfaceiscoveredpermanentlyintheicecap.Onaverageitistwokilometersthick,butinsomeplacesitreachesadepthoffivekilometers.Strongwindsdrivenbygravityblowfromthepoletothecoastline,whileotherwindsblowroundthecoast.Itisdifficulttoimagineamoreinhospitable(不宜居的)place.YetAntarcticaisfullofwildlife,whichhasadaptedtoitsextremeconditions.Therearedifferenttypesofpenguins,flyingbirds,seals,andwhales.ButthelongAntarcticwinternight,whichlastsfor182days(thelongestperiodofcontinuousdarknessonearth),aswellastheextremecoldandlackofrainfall,meansthatfewtypesofplantscansurvivethere.Onlytwotypesoffloweringplantsarefound,whiletherearenotreesonthelargecontinent.Therestoftheplantsaremadeupofmosses,algaeandlichen.Someformsofalgaehaveadaptedtogrowonice.Mostoftheicehasbeenthereforthousandsofyears.Asaresult,ithasbeeawindowonthepast,andcangiveresearcherslotsofusefulinformation.Gasesandminerals,intheformofvolcanicdusttrappedintheice,cantellusalotaboutwhattheworld'sclimatewaslikeinpastages.Antarcticrocksarealsoveryimportantforresearch.Mostofthemaremeteorites(隕石)fromouterspace.Onerock,knownasthe“Alien”rock,maycontainevidenceofextraterrestrial(外星人)life.Antarcticawasthelastcontinenttobediscovered.ButmorethantwothousandyearsagoGreekgeographersbelievedthattherewasalargelandmassinthesouthwhichbalancedthelandinthenorth.TheycalleditAntiArktikos,orAntarctica:theoppositeofArctic(北極).WhenEuropeansdiscoveredthecontinentofAmericain15century,thegreatageofexplorationbegan.However,progresstotheSouthPolewasslow.Notuntilthelate18hcenturydidtheBritishexplorerJamesCookcrosstheAntarcticCircle,butheneversawland.Thenin1895,aNorwegiancalledCarstensBorchgrevinkbecamethefirstmantosetfootontheAntarcticmainland.Theracetothepolehadbegun.Itwasfinallyreachedon11thDecember,1911bytheNorwegianRoaldAmundsen.51.InwritingParagraph1,theauthoraimsto_________.A.tellusaboutthehistoryofthediscoveryofAntarcticaB.tellusthatAntarcticaispletelycoveredinthickiceC.introducethedistributionoffreshwaterinAntarcticaD.introducethebasicinformationaboutAntarctica52.WhatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellusinParagraph2?A.AllAntarcticplantsgrowonice.B.Animalscan'tsurvivetheAntarcticpolarnight.C.Antarcticahasagreatvarietyofplants.D.DespitetheextremeconditionsinAntarctica,manyplantsandanimalslivethere.53.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowwiththeexampleofthe“Alien(外星人)”rock?A.TherearealiensinAntarctica. B.Meteoritesallcontainevidenceofalienexistence.C.There'salottostudyinAntarctica. D.RocksarerareinAntarctica.54.Whatcouldwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.TheGreekgeographersfoundtheAntarctica.B.JamesCookwasthefirstexplorerwhoreachedtheSouthPole.C.ANorwegianreachedtheSouthPolefirst.D.HumansfirstsetfootontheAntarcticmainlandin1911.55.Whatmakesthebesttitleforthepassage?A.ARacetotheSouthPole B.Antarctica:theLastContinentC.ThewildlifeofAntarctica D.Antarctica:Adesert第Ⅱ卷注意事項(xiàng)：1.用黑色墨水的鋼筆或簽字筆將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2.本卷共6題，共35分。第三部分：寫(xiě)作第一節(jié)：閱讀表達(dá)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）閱讀短文，按照題目要求用英語(yǔ)回答問(wèn)題。At16yearsold,Samhadalwaysbeenarelativelygoodstudent.Heputinanefforttogetgoodgradesandkeephisparentshappy.Neitherofhisparentshadhadtheopportunitytoattenduniversityandforthem,Sambeingalawyerwastheirbiggestambition.Heknewthatachievingthisgoalwouldmakethemhappy,butthetruthwasthathewasn'tsurewhetherhewouldfeelthesame.Sincehewasonlyachild,Samhadbeenpassionateaboutputerprogramming.Hetaughthimselfhowtouseaputer,andbytheageof12hehadknownthreedifferentprogramminglanguages.Hedidallofthisinhissparetime.Hewasquiteanintrovert(內(nèi)向的人),sohepreferredstayinginwithhisputer,ratherthangoingoutsocialisingorplayingsports.Hisparentswerefinewiththis,aslongashecontinuedtofocusonhisstudies.Oneday,whilereadinganarticleonlineaboutayoungtechnologybillionairecalledThomasO'Connor,everythingchangedforSam.Inthearticle,theCEOsaidthathispanywastryingtocreateanewandimprovedwayofpayingforgoodsonlinebutthattheywerehavingaproblemwiththesecuritysystem.Hesaidiftheycouldoverethis,theycouldlaunch