第08講語法填空（講義）-2024年中考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)（原卷版）

?第08講語法填空（講義）目錄一復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)掌握目標(biāo)及備考方向二考情分析語法填空中考考情分析三語法填空的考向1.熟練語篇類型和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)2.明確命題規(guī)律和提問方式3.掌握不同題型的解題方法4.提升必考題型歸納四真題感悟中考語法填空經(jīng)典考題精選【復(fù)習(xí)目標(biāo)】1.熟練語篇類型和語篇結(jié)構(gòu)2.明確命題規(guī)律和提問方式3.掌握不同題型的解題方法【考情分析】語法填空命題規(guī)律語法填空題一共有語法填空題一共有10個(gè)空,其中有6~7個(gè)空考查實(shí)詞,括號內(nèi)有給出相關(guān)的詞,另外的3~4個(gè)空為考查虛詞,不給出相關(guān)的詞。此題型主要考查學(xué)生對語法和詞法知識(shí)的掌握和運(yùn)用。要注意不同詞性的構(gòu)詞法,學(xué)會(huì)分析空格里的詞在句子中的成分也很重要。其考查形式分為給出提示詞和不給出提示詞兩種：1.給出提示詞的考查內(nèi)容包括：詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（如名詞、動(dòng)詞、形容詞與副詞等的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換）；名詞單、復(fù)數(shù)變化；形容詞和副詞的比較等級變化；動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)以及非謂語動(dòng)詞等。2.不給出提示詞的考查內(nèi)容包括：根據(jù)上下文語境填入冠詞、副詞、連詞、代詞及介詞等。【名師解難】1.對于括號內(nèi)所給出單詞的情況要先從詞性考慮,一般名詞考查單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)形式和名詞的所有格。人稱代詞考查主格,賓格,形容詞性物主代詞或名詞性物主代詞和反身代詞。形容詞和副詞考查三級的變化或它們之間的轉(zhuǎn)換。動(dòng)詞考查時(shí)態(tài),語態(tài)和非謂語動(dòng)詞等用法。數(shù)詞考查基數(shù)和序數(shù)的區(qū)別或復(fù)數(shù)的用法。2.對于不給出詞的情況一般考查冠詞,介詞和連詞。冠詞要看后面名詞的讀音開頭是否是元音,另外,是否是特指等情況。介詞要記住固定的搭配。連詞相對最難,要從上下文判斷,特別是先判斷是什么樣的從句,另外,要根據(jù)句子的意思,句子成分,時(shí)態(tài)等確定關(guān)聯(lián)詞。有時(shí)也可能考查到連接副詞等。【網(wǎng)絡(luò)構(gòu)建】根據(jù)設(shè)題規(guī)律，可將語法填空題的基本思路歸納成下表：1.1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞（同一詞根） 名詞2.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、所有格、可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞2.名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)、所有格、可數(shù)與不可數(shù) 1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（變反義詞或副詞）1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（變反義詞或副詞）形容詞 形容詞2.比較級或最高級的幾種用法語法填空類解題思路2.比較級或最高級的幾種用法語法填空類解題思路副詞實(shí)詞同形容詞 副詞實(shí)詞同形容詞時(shí)態(tài)，注意?？紩r(shí)態(tài) 時(shí)態(tài)，注意?？紩r(shí)態(tài) 語態(tài)，即被動(dòng)語態(tài)作謂語語態(tài)，即被動(dòng)語態(tài)作謂語 語氣，即虛擬語氣語氣，即虛擬語氣（初中不做考察）動(dòng)詞 動(dòng)詞1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（動(dòng)詞變動(dòng)名詞或不定式）1.詞性轉(zhuǎn)換（動(dòng)詞變動(dòng)名詞或不定式）1.todo表:1.todo表:將來/目的作非謂語2.Ving2.Ving表:主動(dòng)/進(jìn)行/已經(jīng)發(fā)生2.非謂語 3.Ved3.Ved表:被動(dòng)/完成人稱代詞、不定代詞、反身代詞人稱代詞、不定代詞、反身代詞物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞后必須加名詞物主代詞：形容詞性物主代詞后必須加名詞;名詞性物主代詞作主語，賓語，本身就是名詞，后不需再加名詞。代詞代詞指代上文事物形式主語指代上文事物形式主語形式賓語強(qiáng)調(diào)句型It的用法It的用法 ThatThat的用法、疑問代詞（what、who、which、whom、whose）和疑問副詞（when、where、how、why）的用法 名詞之前,尤其是泛指名詞之前,尤其是泛指”一”,或特指某個(gè)人或事物;泛指用a/an,特指用the冠詞當(dāng)空格后的名詞在句中不是作主語，表語或動(dòng)詞賓語時(shí)，選填介詞；注意當(dāng)空格后的名詞在句中不是作主語，表語或動(dòng)詞賓語時(shí)，選填介詞；注意搭配常為介詞考查主要內(nèi)容依據(jù)。虛詞介詞介詞空格前后都是句子（一個(gè)主謂就為一個(gè)句子）；前后都是并列單詞或短語空格前后都是句子（一個(gè)主謂就為一個(gè)句子）；前后都是并列單詞或短語1.單詞/短語+并列連詞+單詞/短語；2.一個(gè)句子+并連/從連+一個(gè)句子3.從屬連詞+一個(gè)句子，一個(gè)句子（主句）；主句+連詞（關(guān)系詞）+從句連詞連詞一、語法填空解題步驟一、中考語法填空題的解題步驟：1.若是短文語法填空，就讀首段首句，預(yù)猜文章大意；（若猜不出文章大意，就快速瀏覽全文）；如果是單句，直接進(jìn)第二步。2.邊讀邊認(rèn)邊填；（看要填的空有無提示詞，有，是哪些詞？用以上的方法去套用）（1）考點(diǎn)分布一般比較均勻，除動(dòng)詞外，考點(diǎn)一般不重復(fù)?！痉峙洌好~+動(dòng)詞*2+形容詞+副詞+冠詞+介詞+連詞+連接詞+代詞】（2）有提示詞均需要變形，且變形方向是固定的。因此想不出答案時(shí)可以根據(jù)考點(diǎn)依次帶入排除。（比如34個(gè)無提示詞的填空已經(jīng)填入了冠詞、介詞、連詞，則剩下的大概率是三大從句的連接詞或者疑問詞）3.重讀以檢查核對。二、語法填空考查內(nèi)容名詞：名詞的形式變化主要有可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)、名詞所有格、詞性轉(zhuǎn)變、固定搭配。名詞單復(fù)數(shù)（依據(jù)：橫線前有表示復(fù)數(shù)的詞如afew，lotsof，these，those，或者數(shù)量詞等，或者therebe句型中be動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)are或were形式）名詞所有格（依據(jù)：橫線后又是名詞且提示詞的名詞對后面的名詞不形成修飾關(guān)系，而形成從屬關(guān)系）名詞詞性變化（依據(jù)：根據(jù)前后文詞性判斷名詞是否要變化成相應(yīng)的形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞等）固定搭配[*無提示型]（固定詞組與表達(dá)方式，如pay___to首先想到attention）動(dòng)詞【兩大方向：謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞】：時(shí)態(tài)+語態(tài)（依據(jù)1：前后文的時(shí)態(tài)和形式，或者時(shí)間狀語；依據(jù)2：特殊句型；依據(jù)3：前后文的被動(dòng)關(guān)系）非謂語動(dòng)詞的三種形式[doing,，done，todo]（根據(jù)固定的搭配形式來改變動(dòng)詞形式，如wanttodo就要把do變todo，finishdoing就要把do變doing）【注意】實(shí)義動(dòng)詞與實(shí)義動(dòng)詞是不可能以兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞原形的形式直接銜接在一起的，后面一個(gè)一定會(huì)變形。比如實(shí)義動(dòng)詞want，play，practice在一起，可以形成wantplay（錯(cuò)），wanttoplay（對），practicetoplay（錯(cuò)），practiceplaying（對）因此，當(dāng)做到動(dòng)詞題的時(shí)候一定要往前一個(gè)詞看，找是否有實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，如果有，則橫線上填寫的動(dòng)詞肯定是非謂語動(dòng)詞的三種形式之一?！尽瓌?dòng)詞______(動(dòng)詞)】如果橫線與前一個(gè)動(dòng)詞之間還夾著別的成分，那需要按著語法來判斷?！尽瓌?dòng)詞+代詞/名詞+______(動(dòng)詞)】【用todo的其他形式】1、后置定語（動(dòng)詞不定式在句中作定語時(shí)一般都要放在所修飾名詞或代詞的后面）如：1、achancetodosth做某事的一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)2、thewaytodosth做某事的辦法3、thebesttimetodosth做某事的最佳時(shí)間4、somethingtoeat一些吃的東西5、somethingtodrink一些喝的東西6、alotofworktodo許多要做的工作7、get/haveachancetodosth.得到一個(gè)做某事的機(jī)會(huì)2、It’s+形容詞（adj.）+for(of)+sb+todosth對某人來說做某事怎么樣【分析】形容詞（adj.）修飾文中的事情既todosth時(shí)，人前的介詞用for；但是如果形容詞（adj.）修飾文中的人既sb時(shí)，人前面的介詞用of.①It’shardformetolearnEnglishwell.（句子hard是修飾動(dòng)詞不定式tolearnEnglishwell，意為學(xué)好英語難，所以用的介詞是forsb.）②It’skindofyoutohelpme.（句中kind“善良的”修飾you(人)意為你善良，所以介詞用ofsb.）3、Ittakessb.sometime/moneytodosth.花費(fèi)某人多長時(shí)間做某事（常考）4、It’stimeforsb.todosth.是某人做某事的時(shí)候了形容詞與副詞：形容詞比較級與最高級（依據(jù)1：比較級看句子中是否有than，最高級看形容詞前面是否有the或后面有沒有in/of+范圍的形式。依據(jù)2：橫線前有even，much、alittle/bit等后面需要用比較級的詞）固定句型（常見的為比較級的相關(guān)句型：themore…themore…，moreandmore。表示建議的句型：hadbetterdosth。表示狀態(tài)的句型：主語+be+adj+todo）形容詞副詞化（依據(jù)：提示詞為形容詞，空格后有謂語動(dòng)詞或者形容詞；或者空格位于句首，用逗號隔開）動(dòng)詞的ing與ed形式（依據(jù)：橫線前有be動(dòng)詞或是后面有名詞，則用ing形式；橫線前有人稱代詞或人名，則用ed形式）否定變化（如happy變成unhappy）】注意：形容詞是修飾名詞的，而副詞是修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞與副詞本身的。代詞：賓格（橫線在謂語動(dòng)詞后面）形容詞性物主代詞（橫線后面有名詞）名詞性物主代詞（橫線后面沒有名詞，前面有of或者前面有be動(dòng)詞等動(dòng)詞）反身代詞（橫線前有和括號里同一類的且做主語成分的代詞，此時(shí)把括號內(nèi)的代詞改為反身代詞）不定代詞（一般以some/ever/any+thing為主，其次是others，another）數(shù)量詞考點(diǎn)：基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞（橫線前一般有the）基數(shù)詞變次數(shù)（一般只考o(jì)nce，twice）單位詞變復(fù)數(shù)（主要是百hundred，千thousand，百萬million，十億billion的用法）注意：300名學(xué)生——threehundredstudents（此時(shí)hundred后無s）成百上千名學(xué)生——hundredsofstudents（hundred后有了of則要加s）成百上千名學(xué)生——hundredsuponhundredsofstudents介詞：單一介詞（即介詞表示某種具體的含義，如方向或時(shí)間，能夠根據(jù)上下文含義推理出來）動(dòng)詞、形容詞、介詞詞組中的固定搭配，例如：e/befrom，fallinlovewith……注意：介詞的判斷依據(jù)除了看有沒有詞組，還可以依靠橫線后的詞性，因?yàn)榻樵~后面只能接名詞性質(zhì)的詞，所以后面要么是名詞和代詞，要么是動(dòng)詞ing形式。連詞考點(diǎn)：根據(jù)詞性判斷（空格兩邊詞性或結(jié)構(gòu)一致，大概率是并列連詞；一個(gè)長句被逗號或橫線隔開，左右兩邊結(jié)構(gòu)完整，有可能是連詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合句）根據(jù)邏輯判斷（并列連詞都是有很強(qiáng)的邏輯性的，可以根據(jù)上下文的意思來判斷）第一看橫線前后的詞性結(jié)構(gòu)是否一致，如Itmakesussmartandhealthy。此時(shí)smart和healthy就屬于詞性結(jié)構(gòu)一致。第二看橫線前后是否有完整的主謂（賓）結(jié)構(gòu)，如Idon'tlikeherbecauseshesmokestoomuch。左邊主謂賓完整，右邊主謂完整。最后看邏輯關(guān)系，如果滿足第一或第二，只需要把平常?？嫉倪B詞代入去想就可以了?！具B詞總結(jié)】and（常與both組合出現(xiàn)），or（常與either組合出現(xiàn)），but（常與also組合出現(xiàn)，形成notonly…butalso…），nor（常與neither組合出現(xiàn)），because，so等注意：however是副詞，常用作連詞使用，出現(xiàn)的形式是單獨(dú)在句首，用逗號與后文隔開：however，后句。也可能是放在中間，左右都用逗號隔開：前句，however，后句冠詞：冠詞分類：定冠詞（the），不定冠詞（a/an），零冠詞（一般不考）[空格后面一定有名詞，或是被形容詞修飾的名詞。所以做題一定要注意往橫線后面一直看，看有沒有名詞出現(xiàn)。]定冠詞與不定冠詞的區(qū)分：the用于特指，第二次出現(xiàn)，形容詞最高級。a/an用于泛指，第一次出現(xiàn)，固定搭配。[根據(jù)元音音素來判斷用a還是an，【特殊例子特殊記】an+hour/honor/honesty；a+useful/university]3、固定詞組與搭配：takeawalk，haveafever中的a就是固定的，bytheway中the也是固定搭配句子引導(dǎo)詞關(guān)系詞等【?？嫉模簍hat/whether/if/which/who與各類疑問詞等】根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和成分分析是考查定語從句還是賓語從句來判定（2024·遼寧·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測）閱讀短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或用括號內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空，使短文通順、連貫。DoubleNinthFestivalisoneofthemostimportantChinesetraditionalfestivals.Peopleclimbmountains,drinkchrysanthemumwine(菊花酒)orwearzhuyutocelebrateit.The1(reason)forthesethingsaretoldinabeautifulstoryaboutabraveyoungman,HengJing.About2000yearsago,intheRiverRutherelived2devil(魔鬼).Hemadepeoplesick.HengJing’sparentsdiedfromtheillness,soHengJingdecidedtokillthedevil.Hewentdeepintothemountainstostudykungfuandmade3(he)strong.Afterlearningthedevilwouldeagaintohishomevillageontheninthdayoftheninthlunarmonth,hewentback.He4(lead)thepeoplefromhisvillageupamountain.Heaskedthem5(carry)zhuyuanddrinksomechrysanthemumwine.It’sbelievedthatzhuyuwouldmakethedevilscared6thewinewouldprotectthemfromillnesses.And7(final),HengJingkilledthedevil.Thewholevillagecelebrated,becausethey8(save)bythebraveyoungman.Thatiswhytodaythefestivalisconnectedwithmountainclimbing,zhuyuandchrysanthemumwine.Because“jiu”canalsomean“l(fā)ong”,it’salsonamedElders’Daythesedays.It’sadaytoshowrespectforelderlypeopleandwishthemamuch9(long)andhealthierlife.Respectingelderlypeoplecanbeshownnotonly10thisspecialdaybutalsoindailylife.Pleaserespectandcarefortheoldaroundus.（2023·黑龍江綏化·?？寄M預(yù)測）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。Booksplayan11(importance)roleinourlife.Thenwhichbookisyourfavorite?Asabooklover,myfavoritebookisRobinsonCrusoe.Thisbookwas12(write)byDanielDefue.Andsofar,it13(influence)manystudentslikeme.EverytimeIreadit,IseeatallandstrongRobinson.Heisabraveman.Ilikehimso14(more).WhenRobinsonwasyoung,he15(dream)ofsailingontheseadayandnight.16(unlucky),afterhegrewup,heactuallylivedonanislandfor28years,wherenopeoplelived.During17(that)years,hehadtoexperiencehungerandfightagainstnaturaldisasters(災(zāi)害).Finally,thegreatmansucceededin18(deal)withalotofdifficultiesandwentoutoftheislandbecauseofhisfightingspiritandhardwork.Thebookmovesmedeeply.Ourlifecannotbeluckyallthetime.Justasthe19(say)goes,“Nopains,nogains.”Andonlyhardworkcanlead20(we)toabetterlife.（2023·江蘇宿遷·校聯(lián)考一模）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,用括號內(nèi)所給單詞的正確形式填空,使短文完整。MajorGeneralJingHaipeng,oneofthefirstgenerationofChineseastronauts,isthefirstChineseperson21（return）tospaceandtravelthree22（time）intoorbit.OnTuesday,hewouldcarryoutafourthspacejourneythroughShenzhouXVImission.Sofar,he23（be）acrewmanderforthethirdtime.BorntoapoorfamilyinavillageinShanxiprovince’sYunchengcity,Jingisthefirstchildofhisfarmerparents.Jingstudiedveryhardatschoolinthehopeof24（go）touniversitytogetthefamilyoutofpovertyandmakehisparentshappy.Sohenever25（buy）asinglemealatmiddleschoolandlivedondryfoodandsaltedvegetableshebroughtfromhome.“Thehardlifehadnotonlygivenmethecouragetofacesomany26（difficulty）andchallenges,butalsoinspired（鼓舞）metochasemydream.”hesaid.“Atmiddleschool,IwishedIcouldbeeafighterjetpilot,protectingourmotherland’sblueskies.”Jingsaid.ThechancesooncameinMarch1985,theyoungmanappliedandtookpartinthechoiceprocesssuccessfully.Threemonths27（late）,hewenttoanAirForceflightcollegeinBaoding,Hebeiprovince.Afterfiveandahalfyearsofstrongtraining,Jingwasdesignatedtoafighterjetunitattheageof24.“Ialwaystold28（I）thattoppilotsonlyefromthosewhotrainhardest.”Jingsaid.Intheyearsinthefighterjetunit,he29（consider）asanexcellentpilot.Inthesummerof1996,Jingwastold30（experience）physicalexamsbyhisleaderwithoutknowingthereason.HesoonlearnedthatthebodycheckwaspartofthechoiceforChina’sfirstastronauts.（2023·山東聊城·統(tǒng)考三模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處按要求填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。每空1個(gè)單詞。I’maRussianfarmerandjustknowsome31(expression)inEnglish.Iknowjustenoughtoaskforhelp32(polite)whenIgetintotrouble.LastmonthIwenttoUKandhad33(冠詞)goodtime.LetmetellyouwhatIdidonthefirstdayinLondon,thecapitaloftheUK.IgotupearlyinthemorningandaskedahotelclerkwhereIcould34(have)breakfast.Theclerkshowedmethe35(direct)tothedinninghall.Afterbreakfast,IwantedtogotoHydePark.SoIaskedtheclerkagain.“CouldyoupleasetellmehowIcangettoHydeParkfromhere?”Iwas36(help)againbytheclerk.Hesuggestedmegoingthere37(介詞)footbecauseitwasnotfar.Isaid“thankyou”tohimandstartedtowalktowardsthepark.IstayedintheparkforthreehoursandIfelthungry.ButIdidn’tknowwhereIcouldfindsomethingtoeat.SoIwalkeduptoayoungman.“Excuseme,doyouknow38(連詞)thereisarestaurantaroundhere?”Iaskedtheyoungman.Withhishelp,Ifoundagoodrestaurant.Ienjoyed39(I)thewholeday.Itisimportanttolearnhowtousetherightlanguageindifferentsituations.Thiswillhelpyoumunicate40(good)withotherpeople.（2023·山東濟(jì)寧·濟(jì)寧二模）ThejouneyofthemunistPartyofChina(CPC)wasmarkedbymanyimportantthings.Theplacesofthesethingsnowalsobee“redrevolutionarybases(革命根據(jù)地)”.The“redspirit”hasadeepinfluenceonlotsofChinesepeople,bothold41young.Forexample,theCPC’sbirthplaceofJiaxinginZhejiangisapopularsymbolofcourageandpioneeringspirit.JinggangshaninJiangxiisknownasthe“cradle(搖籃)oftheChineserevolution”.MaoZedong42(start)thefirstrevolutionarybasethere.OtherplacessuchasYan’aninShaanxiandLinyiinShandongarealso“oldrevolutionarybases”.TheCPCworkedtogetherwithpeopletofightinwars.Ahundredyearshavepassed,andthese“revolutionarybases”43(change)greatlysofar.Someofthemarenolongerpoorvillages,andothersbeepopulartouristareas.Therearemanyyoungpeoplewhoaretryingtheirbesttoworkfortheirhometownsinmanyways.Howaretheyoungpeoplefromtheseplacesinfluencedby“redspirit”?Howdotheycarryoutthespiritintheir44(day)lives?Toanswerthesequestions,TEENShasinterviewedseverallocalyoungpeople.“Theirstoriesshowedthatthe‘redspirit’wouldneverbeoutoftime.Itwillkeep45(encourage)ustoworkhard,feelthankfulandserveothers,”WangJie,ayoungmansaid.（2023·山東濟(jì)寧·濟(jì)寧學(xué)院附屬中學(xué)?？级＃㏕aiChiisasymbolofChineseculture.ItwasfirstdevelopedinChinaaswushu,butit’sbeingoneofthe46(popular)sportsaroundtheworld.It47(practice)byover100millionpeopleinmorethan150countries.TaiChiisamixofbreathing,meditation(冥想)andslowmovements.Asyoumakeyourmovements,youbreathedeeplyandeasilywithmeditation.Thishelpsyoufree48(you)frompressure.Caitlin,ayoungGermanbeginner,saysthatTaiChiisafunexercise,easytolearn,andpeopledon’thavetobegood49ittoenjoyit.Helovesthefeelingofcalmhegetsfromit.It’sbesttolearnTaiChifromateacher,soyoucaneitherlookforlocalclubsoraskatschoolaboutclasses.YoucanalsotakeanonlineclassandtryTaiChiathome.It’s50perfectwaytohelpgiveyouasenseofhappinessandpeaceafterspendingatiringday.It’sworthago,isn’tit?（2023·貴州六盤水·統(tǒng)考二模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！癥oho…Hello…Themountainisgreen,andIcansitforawhile…”Thisclear51loudsongcanbeheardeverymorning.ItisfromthedeepforestoftheWulingyuanscenicspot52Zhangjiajie,HunanProvince.Whosingsthesong?It’sNieJingming.ThisishowNiecallsthewildmacaques(獼猴),hisgoodfriends,tohim.Nie,nearly50yearsold,wasborninto53monkeytrainingfamily.Hehasbeentakingcareofwildmacaquesformorethan20years.Everymorning,he54(sing)tothem.Aftertheyhear55(he)song,theyjumptohimfromtherockwallsandtheforest.Theyknowtheirgoodfriendiswaitingforthem.Niegetsupearlyandeshomelateeveryday.56(look)formacaques,hewalksaroundtheforest.Healsostudiestheirlivinghabitsandfeedsthem57(careful).Overtime,Niehasdevelopedacloserelationshipwiththem.Andhe58(call)“KingofMonkeys”bylocals.Now,theWulingyuanscenicspothasbeeaparadise(樂園)forwildmacaquestoliveandreproduce(繁殖).IthasalsobeeNie’ssecondhome.Nieislikeaparent,andallthemacaquesarelikehischildren.“Themacaquesare59(love)andcute.Theyarenotonlygoodscenery,butalsofriendsoflocalpeopleand60(tourist),”hesaid,“Iwillalwaystakecareofthem,andIhopemorepeoplewilljoinme.”（2023·浙江湖州·?？既＃╅喿x下面的短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。HuaWeiguangtookuptakingphotosafterheretired.Heusedtobe61teacher.Tenyearsago,Huafoundsomepeopleplantingtrees62hishometown,HorqininInnerMongolia.Andthenhestartedtotakephotosofthem.InHua’sphotos,manythingscan63(find),fromthesandstormstoyoungtrees,aswellasthepeople64fightagainstdesertification(沙漠化).Itwasdifficulttoplanttreeshere.Theworkershadtocover65(them)ortheirmouthswouldbefullofsand.Theywore66(hat),scarvesandgoggles(護(hù)目鏡)allthetime.Insummer,itwassohotthattheworkershadtoliedownonthegroundnexttotheircarstocooloff.They67hadtoeattheirlunchwiththeblowingsands.Whataboutsunstroke(中暑)?Well,theytooksomemedicine,68(drink)alittlewaterandthencontinuedworking.Nowwiththeimprovementoftheenvironment,animalsarelivingthere69(healthy).WithoutHua’sphotos,noonewouldbelievethatthischangeispossible.Sofar,China’sforest70(increase)byover70,000,000hectares(公頃).Onetreeafteranother,thesepeoplebuiltagreenGreatWall.（2023·河北秦皇島·統(tǒng)考三模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~（有提示詞的，填入所給單詞的正確形式）。Lastweekend,itwasmylittlesisterAnna’s71(nine)birthday.Shekeptaskingustotakeherouttoplay.Itwasalovelydayinspring.Afteradiscussion,wedecidedtopickstrawberriesonafarm.Assoonaswearrived72thefarm,westartedpickingstrawberries.AnnaandIwerecarryingthebaskets73MomandDadwerepickingthestrawberries.Afterpickingenoughstrawberries,wewentshoppingat74smallmarket.Therewereallkindsoffresh75(vegetable),fruitsandsnacks.Dad76(buy)eachofusanicecream.Welikedthemverymuch,77(especial)whentheyhadthetasteofstrawberries.Wealso78(find)somestrawberryseeds.Nextyearwecouldplantstrawberriesinouryard.Annaenjoyed79(her)verymuchthatday.Andsheevendidn’twanttogohomewhenwewereleaving.Itwasreallya80(wonder)day.（2023·寧夏銀川·寧夏銀川二十四中?？家荒＃〢sChristopher’smother,Berylwasinvitedtoattendaschoolmeeting.Shesatproudlyandwatchedashersonwas81(give)the“ChildofCourage”prize.Oneday,Christopherwasinacarwithhisparents,sisterRosieandbrotherMac.82(unlucky),thecarfelloffahillintoariver,andlandedwithits83(wheel)up.Christopherswamthroughabrokenwindowandgotoutintothefreshair.Thenhesawtherestofhisfamilywerestillinthecar.Itwas84(danger).Hetookabigbreathandswambacktosavethem.Firsthe85(save)MacandthenreturnedtogetRosie.Christopherhadtofeelforherseatbelt(安全帶)86hecouldnotseeanything.Hetooktheseatbelt87her,andthenwentupforair.Finallyhereturnedtopullheroutofthecarbyhimself.Berylsaid,“IthoughtChristopherandRosieweredead.ThenIsaw88(he)eupoutofthewaterlikeadolphin.89amazingitwas!”Foramother,thiswasoneofBeryl’s90(proud)momentsinherlife,withtearsinhereyes.Andshewouldrememberitforever.（2023·貴州銅仁·統(tǒng)考三模）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。February6thisNationalChopsticksDay.Foraboutonequarteroftheworld’spopulation,chopsticksaretheeatingutensils（餐具）of91（choose）foreverymeal.Justaswesternchildrenlearntouseknifeandfork,Asianchildrenlearntousechopsticks,andthey92（quick）beegoodatusingthem.ToAsianpeople,forksare93odd（奇怪的）utensil.Chopstickscanbemade94wood,bamboo,plastic,finechinaormetal.InChinatheyarecalledkuaizi,95means“quicklittlebamboofellows”.Chopstickshave96（be）inuseforover5000years.However,forkswerenotusedinEngland971611.ChopsticksoriginatedinChina,andareusedinallAsiancultures.How98（they）usewasintroducedtoothercountriesisnotknown.TakepartinNationalChopsticksDay,andusechopsticksforallofyour99（meal）.Chancesare（有可能）,youwilleatChineseorotherAsianfoodwithchopsticks.Butyoucaneatanyfoodwithchopsticksontheday.100（make）thedayreallyspecial,usechopsticksonahomemadeChinesedish.Havefunwithchopsticksontheday.Makeagameoutofpickinguppeanutsorjellybeanswiththem.（2023·貴州·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在各題空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Eachyear,billionsofpoundsofgarbageendupintheoceans.Sometimespeoplethrowawaywater101(bottle)orotherplastic.Theydonotrecycletheirgarbage.Peoplemaynotknowthatwind102raincanmovegarbagefromlandtosea.Plastictakesaverylongtimetobreakdown.Itcanremainintheoceans103hundredsofyears.Plasticpiecesarevery104(danger)toseaanimals.Onegroup,WashedAshore,cameupwithanewidea105(tell)peopleabouttheproblemsintheoceans.First,theytakethegarbagefrom106beach.Then,theycleanandsortit.107(final),theyworkwiththeplasticpiecestomakehugeworksofart.Theartworkismostlyofseacreatures(生物).WashedAshorehas108(create)morethanseventyoftheseworksofart.Someof109(they)arenowtravelinginashowallovertheworld.Eachpieceshowstheeffectsoftrash.Inoneshow,peoplelearnhowplasticfoolsfishandotherseaanimals.Theythinktheplastic110(be)food,eatit,andgetverysickorevendie.Thiswouldnothappenifpeopleusedlessplasticanddidnotlitter.Theplasticwouldnotendupintheocean.（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Fillintheblankswiththegrammaticalknowledgeaccordingtothepassage.DoyouknowanycustomsonNewYear’sDayinothercountries?IntheUK,theyhave111interestingcustom.Accordingtothecustom,thefamilywillhavegoodluckinthenewyearifatall,darkandhandsomemanisthe112(one)persontoenterthefrontdoorafterthenewyeararrives.Usuallythe113(visit)carriesapieceofcoal,aloaf(面包)andabottleofWhiskey(威士忌酒).Heshouldnotspeakto114(someone)orbespokentountilhefinishesseveralthings.Thesethingsincludeplacingthecoalonthefire,puttingtheloafonthetable,115(serve)thedrinktothefamilyheadand116(final)wishingeveryonea“HappyNewYear”.Heshouldleavethehousethroughthebackdoortopletethetraditionperfectly.117France,beforethearrivaloftheNewYear,thefamilyalwaysgettogetheranddrinkupalltheliquor(酒)athome.Theythinkthatifthereisstillliquorinthehouse,there118(be)badluckinthenewyear.Andinsome119(area)inIndia,peopledonotcelebratetheNewYear,butcry.Doyouknowwhy?Itissaidthattheycry120timegoesquicklyandlifeissoshort.Thesecustomsarereallyinteresting,aren’tthey?（2023·四川內(nèi)江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ZhangDaqianwasbornonMay10,1899,inNeijiang,Sichuan.HewasoneofthemostfamousChinese121（artist）ofthe20thcentury.Atayoungage,he122（encourage）byhisfamilytopaint.In1917,hewenttoJapan123（learn）painting.Twoyearslater,hewenttoShanghaitoreceive124（tradition）paintinginstructionfromtwofamousChinesepainters.125thehelpofthem,Zhanghadthechancetostudysomeancientpaintings.Zhangwenttothenorthinthelate1920s.He126（begin）toworkwithaBeijingpainter,PuXinyu.ZhangandPuweresowellknown127theywerehonoredas“SouthZhangandNorthPu”.Itshowedtheirhighstatus（地位）inpainting.In1940,ZhangDaqianwenttothecaves（窟）ofMogaoandYulin.Heandhisgroupworkedharddayandnightthere.128（final）,theystudiedover200paintings.Afterthisexperience,hispaintingskillsweremuch129（good）thanbefore.Hispainting,createdin1978,wassoldat130verygoodpricein2021.（2023·湖南長沙·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。DoyouknowWorldLetterWritingDay?Itfalls131September1steveryyear.ItwassetupbyRichardSimpkinin2014.Heencouragedpeople132(take)abreakfromtoday’ssocialmedia(媒體)andwritealettertosomeonebyhand.Whoshouldyouwriteto?Thinkaboutafriendorrelativethatlivesfaraway.Aparentorbestfriendwouldalsolovetoreceive133(you)letter.Howdoyouwritealetter?134(general)speaking,aletterincludestheseparts.Thedateandagreeting(問候語)suchas“Dear…”shouldbeatthetopoftheletter.Aclosingsuchas“Love”or“Yourstruly”needstofollowthebody.Enditby135(sign)it.Whyshouldyoupickupapenandwritealetter?Itisasurprisethatmaymakesomeone’sday.It’s136goodwaytoshowpeoplethatyouhavebeenthinkingofthem.Everyonelovesapersonaltouch.Itmakes137(enjoy)memories(回憶).Somepeoplesave138(letter)andlookatthemovertheyears.Arecentstudyshowsthatletterwriting139(make)thewriterhappy,too.“HandwritingisyourDNA．It’syourfingerprintthatonlyyoucansharewithothers,”saidRichardSimpkin.So,getsomepaper140pickupapen.Startwritingalettertoday!（2023·黑龍江綏化·統(tǒng)考中考真題）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空.Hello,I’mTom.IefromCuba(古巴),but141(recent)ImovedtoChina.Istartedanewschoollifehere.ItwasabigchangeformebecausetheschoollifeinChinaisquitedifferentfromthatinCuba.SchoolinChinastartsat8:00a.m.and142(end)at4:50p.m.ThenewschoolismuchbetterthanmyoldschoolinCuba,suchasitis143(big)andmorebeautifulthanmyoldone.IthoughtthatImightbelostinthefirstweek.LuckilymynewclassmateZhangBinisveryfriendly.He144(offer)toshowmearoundtheschoolwhenwewereavailable.InChina,wedon’thavesomuchhomework145(do)everyday.IfIlistentotheteacherscarefully,Icanfinishmyhomeworkquickly.Tokeep146(healthily),ourschoolprovidesuswithsportsinstrumentstoexercise,sowecanspend147(we)freetimeplayingpingpong,basketballorrunning.Sometimesweliketolistentopopmusicandwatch148(movie)atthecinema.TimefliessoquicklyandI149(be)inthenewschoolfortwomonths.Igetmany150(student)help.Istartenjoyingmyschoollifehere.Iamalwayshavingsomuchfun!（2023·浙江麗水·統(tǒng)考中考真題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，或填入括號中所給單詞的正確形式。KendallRaeJohnsonspendsalotoftimeplayinginthedirt.Shehas151hugegardenthatproducesover100poundsoffoodeachyear!KendallRae152(begin)gardeningatagethree,whenhergreatgrandmothergavehersomefreshcollardgreens.KendallRaesays,“GrandmaKatetold153(I),‘Don’tthrowawaythestems,becauseifyouputthemintheground,theywillgrowback.’”Shetrieditandthestems154(real)grewnewleaves.Soonafter,herparentsputinabackyardgarden.155herfriendscametotheirhouse,KendallRaeenjoyedsharingwhatsheknewaboutfarming.Shesays,“Myfriendswouldhelpmewater156carefortheplants.Theystartedtoenjoyfarming,too.”Atagesix,shebecametheyoungestcertifiedfarmer157herhometown.Today,hergardenhasgrowntoincludesixtyplantbedsandtwelve158(tree)!Whenthevegetablesandfruitsareripe(成熟),KendallRaesellssomeofthem159(make)money.Shealsoinvitespeoplewhodon’thaveenoughfoodtotakewhatth