2024-2025學(xué)年新教材高中英語(yǔ)Unit5Revealingnature泛讀知識(shí)細(xì)解碼學(xué)案外研版選擇性必修第一冊(cè)

PAGEUnit5Revealingnature1．seedn．種子，籽→seedlessadj.無(wú)籽的2．evolvev．進(jìn)化→evolutionn．進(jìn)化3．suspectv．猜想，懷疑，覺(jué)得→suspectedadj.被懷疑的4．generatev．產(chǎn)生，創(chuàng)建→generationn．產(chǎn)生distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的；久遠(yuǎn)的；不同的；恍惚的1．Thetimewespenttogetherisnowadistantmemory. 久遠(yuǎn)的2．Theirlifeseemedutterlydistantfromhisown. 不同的3．Therewasadistantlookinhereyes；hermindwasobviouslyonsomethingelse. 恍惚的WordsandPhrases學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)1distantadj.遙遠(yuǎn)的(教材P50)Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．“貝格爾號(hào)”船長(zhǎng)須要聘請(qǐng)一個(gè)人，此人能“有機(jī)會(huì)訪問(wèn)遙遠(yuǎn)而鮮為人知的國(guó)家并從中受益”。[例]Patsoundedverycoldanddistantonthephone.從電話里聽(tīng)起來(lái)帕特特別冷淡和疏遠(yuǎn)。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)be(＋距離)distantfromsth. 離某物(……)遠(yuǎn)(2)distancen. 距離atadistance 隔一段距離；距離稍遠(yuǎn)inthedistance 在遠(yuǎn)處at/fromadistanceof... 在/從……遠(yuǎn)的地方keepsb.atadistance 對(duì)……冷淡；與……疏遠(yuǎn)distanceoneselffrom 使遠(yuǎn)離；使疏遠(yuǎn)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Hishousestandsonahillandcanbeseenfromadistance(distant)oftwomiles，whilemineistenmilesdistantfromhishouse.②Wecouldseenothinginthethickfogat/fromadistanceoffivemetres，sowegotlost.③Hethrewthestonewithallhisstrengthanditfellintoapondinthedistance(在遠(yuǎn)處)．[小片段填空]Wecanseethewaterfallinthedistance，whosesoundcanbeheardatadistanceoftwomiles.Itlooksquitebeautifulfromadistance，Ithink.我們可以望見(jiàn)遠(yuǎn)處的瀑布，它的聲音在兩英里遠(yuǎn)的地方就能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。我認(rèn)為從遠(yuǎn)處看它很美麗。學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)2answerthecall響應(yīng)號(hào)召(教材P50)Thepersonwhoansweredthecallwasnotthecaptain'sfirstchoice.來(lái)應(yīng)聘的人不是船長(zhǎng)的首選。[例]Theyoungmanansweredthecallandjoinedthearmytodefendhiscountry.這個(gè)年輕人響應(yīng)號(hào)召，參軍保衛(wèi)祖國(guó)。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]answerthephone/acall 接聽(tīng)電話answerthedoor 開(kāi)門，應(yīng)門answercriticism/charges/accusation 就指責(zé)/指控/指責(zé)等作出回應(yīng)answeraneed 滿意需求answeradescription 與描述相符[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Ikeptringingthebell，butnooneanswered(answer)thedoor.②Amananswering(answer)thepolice'sdescriptionwasseenenteringthebuilding.③Howdoyouanswerthecriticismthatyourgovernmenthasdonenothingtohelpthehomeless?有人指責(zé)你們的政府沒(méi)有為無(wú)家可歸的人供應(yīng)任何幫助，你對(duì)此有何回應(yīng)？學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)3beadisgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事(教材P50)What'smore，hehadrecentlyreceivedaletterfromhisfatherpredictingthathewouldbe“adisgracetoyourselfandallyourfamily”．更有甚者，他最近收到了父親的一封信，信中預(yù)言他將是“他和全家的恥辱”。[例]Heisadisgraceandanembarrassmenttothishospital.他是這家醫(yī)院的恥辱和尷尬。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)disgracev． 使丟臉；使蒙受恥辱；使名譽(yù)掃地； 使失勢(shì)；使失去地位(2)indisgrace 很不討人喜愛(ài)bringdisgraceon 使……蒙羞thereisnodisgraceindoingsth. 做某事不丟臉[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①M(fèi)umtoldmeMeggiewassenthomeindisgrace.②Hisactionsbroughtdisgraceonthefamily.③Therewasnodisgraceinfinishing(finish)fourth.④Youareadisgracetothemedicalprofession.你是醫(yī)學(xué)界的恥辱。學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)4leadto引起，導(dǎo)致；通向(教材P50)Despiteallthis，hisadventuresonthisshipwouldleadtooneofthemostimportantscientificdiscoveriesofalltime.盡管如此，他在這艘船上的冒險(xiǎn)經(jīng)驗(yàn)將導(dǎo)致有史以來(lái)最重要的科學(xué)發(fā)覺(jué)之一。[例]Excuseme，doesthisroadleadtotherailwaystation?請(qǐng)問(wèn)，這條路通向火車站嗎？[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]leadsb.todosth. 使某人做某事leadsb.to/into... 領(lǐng)著某人去/進(jìn)入……leadahappylife 過(guò)著華蜜的生活inthelead 領(lǐng)先，處于首位takethelead 帶頭[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Theywereinthelead.Thefinishlinewasclose.②Thestudentswereledintothemuseum，mostofthemwithanotebook.③Theyleadabusyandcolourfullifeonthecampus.④Itisreportedthatthediscoveryofnewevidencehadledtothethiefbeingcaught．據(jù)報(bào)道，新證據(jù)的發(fā)覺(jué)導(dǎo)致小偷被抓住。學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)5inquestion正被探討的；有疑問(wèn)，不確定(教材P50)Theyoungmaninquestion，CharlesDarwin，wasageologistandnaturalist，fascinatedbyrocks，plantsandanimals.所提到的那位年輕人叫查爾斯·達(dá)爾文，是一位地質(zhì)學(xué)家和博物學(xué)家，對(duì)巖石、植物和動(dòng)物都著迷。[例]Inmyopinion，you'dbetterkeepyourdistancefromthemaninquestion.依我看，你最好離那個(gè)被探討的人遠(yuǎn)一點(diǎn)。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]outofquestion(＝withoutquestion) 沒(méi)問(wèn)題outofthequestion 不行能，無(wú)法接受[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Herversionofeventswasacceptedwithoutquestion.②Thefutureofpublictransportisnotinquestion.③Anothertripabroadthisyearisoutofthequestion．今年再度出國(guó)旅行是絕不行能的。學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)6becrowdedwith堆滿，擠滿(教材P51)AfterDarwinhadspentsometimeinSouthAmerica，hisroomontheshipwascrowdedwithsamplesoftheplantsandanimalshehadcollected.達(dá)爾文在南美洲待了一段時(shí)間后，他船上的房間里塞滿了他收集的動(dòng)植物樣本。[例]Theoldtownsquarewascrowdedwithpeople.古老的小鎮(zhèn)廣場(chǎng)上擠滿了人。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]crowdedadj. 擁擠的crowdn．&v. 人群/擁擠；聚集acrowdof/crowdsof... 一大群……，很多crowdin(onsb.) 涌上(心頭)，涌入(腦海)crowdintoone'smind 涌上某人的心頭crowdinto... 大批涌入(狹小的空間)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯①Therewerecrowds(crowd)ofpeopleatthetheatre.②Thismorning，thegroundiscrowdedwithwhitesnow.③Thecrowdwas/were(be)marchingonthestreettoimprovetheirlivingconditions.④他突然有了一個(gè)想法：建設(shè)另一條高速馬路就能解決問(wèn)題。a．Athoughtcrowdedintohismindthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.b．Athoughtcrowdedinonhimthatbuildinganotherexpresswaycouldsolvetheproblem.[名師點(diǎn)津]crowd可用作名詞，譯作“人群，大眾”，在句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞接單數(shù)或復(fù)數(shù)對(duì)待均可，thecrowd“老百姓，大眾”。學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)7(教材P51)Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments?或許動(dòng)物是隨著適應(yīng)環(huán)境的改變而進(jìn)化的？(1)evolvev．進(jìn)化；發(fā)展[例]Eachschoolmustevolveitsownwayofworking.每個(gè)學(xué)校必需形成自己的辦學(xué)方式。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)evolvefrom 從……進(jìn)化；從……漸漸形成evolveinto 漸漸演化，逐步發(fā)展(2)evolutionn. 進(jìn)化(論)；演化[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Heisinterestedintheevolution(evolve)ofthecomputeroverthepast30years.②Allinall，atleastatthisstage，it'sunlikelythatonlinelearningwillevolveintothedominantformofeducation.③TheideaevolvedfromadrawingIdiscoveredintheroom.這種想法是從我在房間里發(fā)覺(jué)的一幅畫(huà)得到啟發(fā)的。(2)adaptto適應(yīng)，適合[例]Wemustadapttothenewchangesthroughourcontinuouslearning.我們必需通過(guò)持續(xù)不斷的學(xué)習(xí)來(lái)適應(yīng)新改變。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展](1)adapt...to... 使……適應(yīng)或適合……adapt...from... 依據(jù)……改編或改寫(xiě)adapt...for... 改編或改作……之用(2)adaptableadj. 能適應(yīng)的，適應(yīng)性強(qiáng)的adaptationn. 改編(本)，改造；適應(yīng)[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Themoviethathadbeenadaptedforchildrenwasadaptedfromanovel.②HaveyouwatchedtheTVseriesadaptedfromhisnovelofthesamename?③Mike，MaryandIhadadiscussionabouttheadaptation(adapt)oftheclassicliteratureyesterday.④Isuggestedhe(should)adapthimselftohisnewconditions.我建議他應(yīng)當(dāng)使自己適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境。學(xué)問(wèn)要點(diǎn)8suspectv．猜想，懷疑，覺(jué)得(教材P51)Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor，whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.達(dá)爾文認(rèn)為這些雀科小鳥(niǎo)是從一個(gè)共同的祖先進(jìn)化而來(lái)，這個(gè)祖先很久以前就來(lái)到了這些島嶼。[例]Heistheprimesuspectinthecase.他是這個(gè)案子的首要嫌疑人。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]suspectthat... 認(rèn)為/猜想/覺(jué)得……suspectsb.tobe... 懷疑某人是……suspectsb.of(doing)sth. 懷疑某人(做過(guò))某事[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/完成句子①Whathesaidsoundedreasonable，butIsuspectedittobe(be)alie.②Thedoctorsuspectedthathewasillwithflu.③Whatmadeyoususpectherofhavingstolenthemoney?你憑什么懷疑錢是她偷的？SentencePattern重點(diǎn)句式so...that...句型(教材P51)ButDarwin'sscientificstudiesweresoconvincingthatmoreandmorepeoplestartedtobelievehistheory.但是達(dá)爾文的科學(xué)探討特別令人信服，結(jié)果越來(lái)越多的人起先信任他的理論。句式分析：句中的so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”，that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。[例]Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tsayaword.他氣得說(shuō)不出話。[學(xué)問(wèn)拓展]so＋eq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容詞/副詞＋that...,形容詞＋a（n）＋單數(shù)名詞＋that...,many/much/few/little（少的）＋名詞＋that...))sucheq\b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(a（n）＋形容詞＋單數(shù)名詞＋that...,形容詞＋復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不行數(shù)名詞＋that...))[即學(xué)即練]單句語(yǔ)法填空/一句多譯①ItissuchniceweatherthatIwouldliketogotothebeach.②TheshopsellssuchexpensivegoodsthatIwanttobuynothingthere.③Hegavemesolittletimethatitwasimpossibleformetofinishtheworkontime.④他是這樣好的人，我們不能怪他。a．He'ssuchagoodpersonthatwemustn'tblamehim.b．He'ssogoodapersonthatwemustn'tblamehim.(教材P51)WhentheBeaglereachedtheGalápagosIslandsin1835，Darwinsawavarietyofnewspecies，butitwasthebirdsthatinterestedhimthemost.[分析]本句是一個(gè)并列復(fù)合句。but連接兩個(gè)并列分句，第一個(gè)分句是復(fù)合句，when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，but后面是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)thebirds。[譯文]1835年，當(dāng)“貝格爾號(hào)”到達(dá)加拉帕戈斯群島時(shí)，達(dá)爾文看到了很多新物種，但最令他感愛(ài)好的是鳥(niǎo)類。教材高考1.Thecaptainoftheship，theBeagle，wantedsomeonewhowould“profitbytheopportunityofvisitingdistantcountriesyetlittleknown”．(2024·天津卷)Tomanypeople，technologymeanscomputers，hand-helddevices，orvehiclesthattraveltodistantplanets.2.Maybeanimalsevolvedastheyadaptedtotheirchangingenvironments？(2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Agroupofsea-dwellingpeopleinSoutheastAsiahaveevolvedintobetterdivers.3.Darwinsuspectedthatthefincheshadevolvedfromacommonancestor，whichhadarrivedontheislandsalongtimebefore.(2024·新高考全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)InSamarkand，MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders，whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．Togrowcrops，youhavetolearnhowtosowtheseeds(seed)．2．Theycollectseveralbloodsamples(sample)foranalysisatanationallaboratory.3．Thekeynotespeechisabouttheevolution(evolve)ofthecomputer.4．Itwassuspected(suspect)thathehadsomeconnectionwiththerobbery.5．Thestonetoolsindicatetheearlyculturalcapabilitiesofourhumanancestors(ancestor)．6．Naturalselectionensuresonlythefittestsurvivetopasstheirgenesontothenextgeneration(generate)．7．TheswimmerwassenthomefromtheOlympicsindisgrace.8．Thetraditionalcrosstalkhasalonghistory，dating(date)backtotheQinDynasty.9．Thechildrenwatched，fascinated(fascinate)，asthepicturebegantoappear.10．Itwasinasmallvillageinthesouththathespenthischildhood.Ⅱ.短語(yǔ)填空answerthecall，beadisgrace，beginwith，leadto，ofalltime，becrowdedwith，besimilarto，lookfor，accordingto，beregardedas1．NotonlyisyourmarkinEnglishadisgrace，butyouhaveevenfailedinmathematics.2．Heisregardedasthemostsuccessfulmusicianofmoderntimes.3．Airports，railwaystationsandlong-distancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturners.4．Hesaiddroughthadledtoseverecropfailureforthesecondyearrunning.5．Asasayinggoes，ajourneyofathousandmilesbeginswiththefirststep.6．Weallneedtolookforwaystoreduceourcarbonfootprint.7．RobertoBaggiowassettobecomeoneofthegreatestplayersofalltime．8．Letussupposeanotherplanetwithconditionsissimilartothoseontheearth.9．Ifallgoesaccordingtoplan，thefirstconcertwillbeonTuesdayevening.10．Youmusthavefallenasleep，becauseittookyoualongtimetoanswerthecall．Ⅲ.課文語(yǔ)法填空AsayoungmanCharlesDarwinwasregardedas1.adisgracetohimselfandhisfamily.H