備戰(zhàn)2025屆高考英語(yǔ)二輪專題復(fù)習(xí)愛(ài)尚閱讀話題篇專題15時(shí)文熱點(diǎn)含解析

專題15時(shí)文熱點(diǎn)【美文閱讀1】導(dǎo)讀：雨后的彩虹色調(diào)斑斕，就似乎年少時(shí)我們心中那些美妙的希望和幻想。從某種意義上來(lái)講，每個(gè)人都須要自己的＂彩虹＂來(lái)照亮人生之路。WhereMyRainbowHasGone?Whenyouarelittle,thewholeworldfeelslikeabigplayground.IwaslivinginConyers,Georgiathesummeritallhappened.Iwasasecondgrader,butmybestfriendStephaniewasonlyinthefirstgrade.Bothofourparentswereatworkandmostofthetimetheyletusgoourownway.ItwasahotafternoonandwedecidedtohaveanadventureinStephanie’sbasement.①AsIopenedthebasementdoor,beforeuslaythebiggestroom,fullofamazingthingslikeguns,dolls,andoldclothes.Irandownstairs,andspottedaredsteelcan.Itwaspaint.Ilookedbeyonditandtherelayevenmorepaintinbrightcolorslikepurple,orange,blueandgreen.＂Stephanie,Ijustfoundusaprojectfortheday.Getsomepaintbrushes.Wearefixingtopaint.＂ShescreamedwithexcitementasItoldherofmysecretplansandimmediatelywegottowork.Wegatheredallthebrusheswecouldfindandmovedallofourmaterialstomyyard.Thereontheroadinfrontofmyhouse,wepaintedbitstripesofcolorsacrossthepavement.Stripebystripe,ourcolorsturnedintoabeautifulrainbow.Itwasfantastic!Thesunwasstartingtosink.Isawacar②inthedistanceandjumpedupasIrecognizedthecar.Itwasmymother.Icouldn’twaittoshowhermymasterpiece.Thecar③pulledslowlyintothedrivewayandfromthelookonmymother’sface,IcouldtellthatIwasindeeptrouble.Mymothershutthecardoorandwalkedtowardsme.④Hereyesglaring,sheshouted,＂Whatintheworldwereyouthinking?Iunderstoodwhenyoumadecastlesoutofleaves,andclimbedtheneighbors’trees,butthis!Comeinsiderightnow!＂Istoodthere⑤glaringbackatherforaminute,angrybecauseshehadinsultedmyart.＂Nowgocleanitup!＂MotherandIbegancleaningtheroad.TearsrandownmycheeksasIsawmybeautifulrainbowturnintoblackcement.Thoughyearshavenowpassed,Istillwonderwheremyrainbowhasgone.Iwonderif,maybewhenIgetolder,Icanfindmyrainbowandneverhavetobrushitaway.Iguessweallneedsortofrainbowtobrightenourlivesfromtimetotimeandtokeepourhopesanddreamscolorful.我的＂彩虹＂去了哪里？小時(shí)候，整個(gè)世界就像一個(gè)大操場(chǎng)。故事發(fā)生的那年夏天，我住在佐治亞州的康耶斯。當(dāng)時(shí)我讀二年級(jí)，我的好摯友斯蒂芬妮剛上一年級(jí)。我們的父母都要工作，因而大多數(shù)時(shí)間他們都是讓我們自己去學(xué)校。那是一個(gè)燥熱的午后，我們確定在斯蒂芬妮家的地下室玩一個(gè)冒險(xiǎn)的嬉戲。當(dāng)我打開(kāi)地下室的門(mén)，出現(xiàn)在我們面前的是一個(gè)大大的房間，里面裝滿了奇異的東西，諸如槍、娃娃和舊衣服等。我跑下樓梯，看到一個(gè)紅色的金屬罐，罐子里面是涂料。我順著它望過(guò)去，那兒還有很多亮色的涂料，像紫色、橙色、藍(lán)色和綠色等。＂斯蒂芬妮，今日我們有事可做了！拿些刷子來(lái)！我們起先粉刷吧?。⒙?tīng)著我的隱私安排，她興奮地尖叫著，我們立刻開(kāi)工了。我們把全部能找到的刷子都拿出來(lái)，然后把涂料搬到我家的院子里。在我家房前的公路上，我們起先畫(huà)彩色的斑馬線。一條又一條，那些色調(diào)匯成了一道漂亮的＂彩虹＂。真是太棒了！夕陽(yáng)西沉，我看到有一輛汽車從遠(yuǎn)處駛來(lái)。認(rèn)出那是我媽媽的車后，我一躍而起。我迫不及待地想向媽媽展示我的杰作。汽車漸漸進(jìn)入了車道，看到媽媽的臉色，我知道自己要有大麻煩了。媽媽關(guān)好車門(mén)，向我走來(lái)。她怒視著我，喊道：＂你原委在想些什么？你用樹(shù)葉做城堡，你爬鄰居家的樹(shù)，這些我都理解。但是今日，你又在家里瞎折騰?。⑽艺酒饋?lái)，生氣地回視著她，因?yàn)樗呷枇宋业淖髌贰＃F(xiàn)在把這里弄干凈?。寢尯臀移鹣惹逑垂?。眼看著漂亮的＂彩虹＂變成了黑黢黢的水泥地，眼淚順著我的臉頰流淌下來(lái)。盡管這件事過(guò)去很多年了，我依舊想知道我的＂彩虹＂去了哪里。我想知道，假如我再長(zhǎng)大些，我是否可以找到它，再也不必把它擦去？我想我們都時(shí)常須要某種意義上的＂彩虹＂來(lái)照亮我們的人生，讓我們的希望和幻想豐富多彩。重點(diǎn)單詞:1.pavement['pe?vm(?)nt]n.人行道2.stripe[stra?p]n.條紋3.masterpiece['mɑ?st?pi?s]n.杰作4.insult[?n's?lt]vt.羞辱5.cement[s?'ment]n.水泥重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)/亮點(diǎn)句式：1.AsIopenedthebasementdoor,beforeuslaythebiggestroom,fullofamazingthingslikeguns,dolls,andoldclothes.當(dāng)我打開(kāi)地下室的門(mén)，出現(xiàn)在我們面前的是一個(gè)大大的房間，里面裝滿了奇異的東西，諸如槍、娃娃和舊衣服等。這是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。as引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，其后的主句由于表示方位的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首，運(yùn)用了倒裝語(yǔ)序。如：Fromthevalleycameafrighteningsound.從山谷傳來(lái)嚇人的聲音。Southofthecityliesachemicalfactory.城南有一家化工廠。2.inthedistance在遠(yuǎn)處。如：Thesoundofthecardiedawayinthedistance.小轎車發(fā)出的噪音消逝在遠(yuǎn)處。3.pullinto（車）進(jìn)站。如：OurtrainpulledintoBeijingStationontime.我們的火車準(zhǔn)點(diǎn)開(kāi)進(jìn)北京車站。4.Hereyesglaring,sheshouted,＂…＂她怒視著我，喊道：＂……＂本句運(yùn)用了現(xiàn)在分詞的獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)作狀語(yǔ)。hereyes和glare之間為邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。如：Hesatinfrontofthem,hisdustyfacemaskinghisage.他坐在他們面前，滿是灰塵的臉掩蓋了他的真實(shí)年齡。5.glareat怒視。如：Don'tglareatyourteacherlikethat.Youdeservedthescolding.別那么瞪眼望著老師，你該被罵的。名句背誦：Progressistheactivityoftodayandtheassuranceoftomorrow.（RalphWaldoEmerson,Americanthinker）進(jìn)步是今日的活動(dòng)、明天的保證。（美國(guó)思想家拉爾夫·瓦爾多·愛(ài)默生）英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀是學(xué)習(xí)者針對(duì)英美新聞、報(bào)刊及雜志等時(shí)事素材而開(kāi)展的閱讀活動(dòng)。近年來(lái),高考閱讀理解素材多取材于外國(guó)時(shí)文,英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀的重要性不斷凸顯。英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀，可以讓學(xué)生接觸地道的英語(yǔ)，使學(xué)生廣泛了解西方國(guó)家的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、日常生活、人際交往等狀況,為學(xué)生英語(yǔ)綜合素養(yǎng)的提升奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)。所以，中學(xué)英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)必須要重視英語(yǔ)時(shí)文閱讀教學(xué)的重要性,并通過(guò)時(shí)文閱讀教學(xué)擴(kuò)高校生的詞匯量，提高文化素養(yǎng)?！驹掝}詞匯】1.經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展therapiddevelopmentofeconomy2.人民生活水平的顯著提高/穩(wěn)步增長(zhǎng)theremarkableimprovement/steadygrowthofpeople'slivingstandard3.先進(jìn)的科學(xué)技術(shù)advancedscienceandtechnology4.面臨新的機(jī)遇和挑戰(zhàn)befacedwithnewopportunitiesandchallenges5.人們普遍認(rèn)為Itiscommonlybelieved/recognizedthat…6.社會(huì)發(fā)展的必定結(jié)果theinevitableresultofsocialdevelopment7.引起了廣泛的公眾關(guān)注arousewidepublicconcern/drawpublicattention8.不行否認(rèn)Itisundeniablethat…/Thereisnodenyingthat…9.熱情的探討/爭(zhēng)辯aheateddiscussion/debate10.有爭(zhēng)議性的問(wèn)題acontroversialissue11.完全不同的觀點(diǎn)atotallydifferentargument12.一些人…而另外一些人…Somepeople…whileothers…13.就我而言/就個(gè)人而言AsfarasIamconcerned,/Personally14.就…達(dá)到肯定的一樣reachanabsoluteconsensuson…15.有充分的理由支持besupportedbysoundreasons16.雙方的論點(diǎn)argumentonbothsides17.發(fā)揮著日益重要的作用playanincreasinglyimportantrolein…18.對(duì)…必不行少beindispensableto…19.正如諺語(yǔ)所說(shuō)Astheproverbgoes:20.…也不例外…benoexception21.對(duì)…產(chǎn)生有利/不利的影響exertpositive/negativeeffectson…22.利遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于弊theadvantagesfaroutweighthedisadvantages.23.導(dǎo)致，引起leadto/giveriseto/contributeto/resultin24.困難的社會(huì)現(xiàn)象acomplicatedsocialphenomenon25.責(zé)任感/成就感senseofresponsibility/senseofachievement26.競(jìng)爭(zhēng)與合作精神senseofcompetitionandcooperation27.開(kāi)闊眼界widenone'shorizon/broadenone'svision28.學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)問(wèn)和技能acquireknowledgeandskills29.經(jīng)濟(jì)/心理負(fù)擔(dān)financialburden/psychologicalburden30.考慮到諸多因素takemanyfactorsintoaccount/consideration31.從另一個(gè)角度f(wàn)romanotherperspective32.做出共同努力makejointefforts33.對(duì)…有益bebeneficial/conduciveto…34.為社會(huì)做貢獻(xiàn)makecontributionstothe35.打下堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)layasolidfoundationfor…36.綜合素養(yǎng)comprehensivequality37.無(wú)可非議blameless/beyondreproach39.致力于/投身于becommitted/devotedto…40.應(yīng)當(dāng)承認(rèn)Admittedly41.不行推卸的義務(wù)unshakableduty42.滿足需求satisfy/meettheneedsof…43.牢靠的信息源areliablesourceofinformation44.珍貴的自然資源valuablenaturalresources45.因特網(wǎng)theInternet（肯定要由冠詞，字母I大寫(xiě)）46.便利快捷convenientandefficient47.在人類生活的方方面面inallaspectsofhumanlife48.環(huán)保（的）environmentalprotection/environmentallyfriendly49.社會(huì)進(jìn)步的體現(xiàn)asymbolofsocietyprogress50.科技的飛速更新theever-acceleratedupdatingofscienceandtechnology51.對(duì)這一問(wèn)題持有不同看法holddifferentattitudestowardsthisissue52.支持前/后種觀點(diǎn)的人people/thoseinfavoroftheformer/latteropinion53.有/供應(yīng)如下理由/證據(jù)have/providethefollowingreasons/evidence54.在肯定程度上tosomeextent/degree/insomeway55.理論和實(shí)踐相結(jié)合integratetheorywithpractice56.…必定趨勢(shì)anirresistibletrendof…57.日益激烈的社會(huì)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)theincreasinglyfiercesocialcompetition58.眼前利益immediateinterest/short-terminterest59.長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)利益interestinthelongrun60.…有其自身的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)…h(huán)asitsmeritsanddemerits/advantagesanddisadvantages61.揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短Exploittothefullone’sfavorableconditionsandavoidunfavorableones62.取其精髓，取其糟粕Taketheessenceanddiscardthedregs.63.對(duì)…有害doharmto/beharmfulto/bedetrimentalto64.溝通思想/情感/信息exchangeideas/emotions/information65.跟上…的最新發(fā)展keeppacewith/catchupwith/keepabreastwiththelatestdevelopmentof…66.實(shí)行有效措施來(lái)…takeeffectivemeasurestodosth.67.…的健康發(fā)展thehealthydevelopmentof…68.有利有弊Everycoinhasitstwosides.Nogardenwithoutweeds.69.對(duì)…觀點(diǎn)因人而異Viewson…varyfrompersontoperson.70.重視attachgreatimportanceto…71.社會(huì)地位socialstatus72.把時(shí)間和精力放在…上focustimeandenergyon…73.擴(kuò)大學(xué)問(wèn)面expandone’sscopeofknowledge74.身心兩方面bothphysicallyandmentally75.有干脆/間接關(guān)系bedirectly/indirectlyrelatedto…76.提出折中提議setforthacompromiseproposal77.可以取代“think”的詞believe,claim,maintain,argue,insist,holdtheopinion/beliefthatI.閱讀理解閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。1“Whatiscivilization?”askedKennethClark50yearsagointheinfluentialBBCseriesonthesubject.“Idon’tknow,andIcan’tdefineitinabstractterms,yet.ButIthinkIcanrecognizeitwhenIseeit,andI’mlookingatitnow.”Andheturnedtogesturebehindhim,atthesoaringGothictowersandflyingbuttressesofNotreDame(巴黎圣母院).Itseemsinhumantocaremoreaboutabuildingthanaboutpeople.ThatthesightofNotreDamegoingupinflameshasattractedsomuchmoreattentionthanfloodsinsouthernAfricawhichkilledover1,000arousesunderstandablefeelingsofguilt.Yetthewidespread,intensegriefatthesightofthecathedral’scollapsingsteeple(尖塔)isinfactprofoundlyhuman—andinaparticularly21st-centuryway.Itisnotjusttheeconomythatisglobaltoday,itisculturetoo.Peoplewandertheworldinsearchnotjustofjobsandsecuritybutalsoofbeautyandhistory.Familiaritybreedsaffection.Abuildingonwhosesunnystepsyouhaverested,infrontofwhichyouhavetakenaselfiewithyourlovedone,becomesawarmpartofyourmemoriesandthusofyourself.Thisvisualagehasgivenbeautynewpower,andsocialmediahaveturnedgreatworksofartintosuperstars.Onlyafew,though,haveachievedthisstatus.Justasthereisonlyeverahandfulofworld-famousactors,sothepantheon(萬(wàn)神殿)ofgloballyrecognizableculturalsymbolsistiny:theMonaLisa,Michelangelo’sDavid,theTajMahal,theGreatPyramid—andNotreDame.Disaster,too,isvisual.Inthe24hoursafterthefirestarted,videosonsocialmediaoftheburningcathedralwereviewednearlyaquarterofabilliontimes.Yettheemotionsthesightarousedwerelessaboutthebuildingitselfthanaboutwhatlosingitmightmean.NotreDameisanexpressionofhumanityatitscollectivebest.Nobodycouldlookupintothatarched(拱形的)ceilingwithoutwonderingatthecollectivegeniusofthethousandsofunknowncraftsmenwho,overacenturyandahalf,realizedavisionsograndinitsstructuralambitionandsodelicateinitshand-madedetail.Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalunrest—throughwar,revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast.1.TheBBCseriesinthefirstparagraphismentionedtoshow________.A.NotreDameisatypicalexampleofcivilizationB.civilizationissupposedtobedefinedinabstracttermsC.civilizationwasfoundedinthepastandlastsfordecadesD.it’scrueltocaremoreaboutbuildingsthanaboutpeople2.NotreDamefirehasarousedworldwideconcernsbecause________.A.thedisastercoincidedwiththefloodsinsouthernAfricaB.peoplehaslostahistoricallandmarktotakeaselfieandrestC.France’seconomicprosperityhasmadeitamust-seeplaceforvisitorsD.culturalglobalizationhasbredacommonsenseofculturalidentity3.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.People’ssadnessatthemisfortunemainlyliesinthebuildingitself.B.Peoplewonderedwhocontributedtosuchanartisticachievement.C.NotreDameisawitnesstoNaziinvasionandFrenchrevolution.D.Fortunatelyweareblessedwithcountlesssplendidworksofart.4.Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.NotreDame:TheArchitecturalTreasureB.NotreDame:TheHumanisticExpressionC.NotreDame:AVictimToNaturalDisasterD.NotreDame:AMust-beTouristAttraction【答案】1.A2.D3.C4.B【分析】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。人類文明持續(xù)至今，已經(jīng)有幾千年的歷史，正是有了這些宏大藝術(shù)的存在，人類才能超越個(gè)體的短暫，讓精神長(zhǎng)存。像巴黎圣母院這樣的建筑不僅是法國(guó)人民的傲慢，也是全人類的珍寶。火災(zāi)發(fā)生后，全世界的人們?yōu)榘屠枋ツ冈喊У?，那種廣泛深刻的哀思正是人性深刻的體現(xiàn)。1.推理推斷題。由第一段“Whatiscivilization?”askedKennethClark50yearsagointheinfluentialBBCseriesonthesubject.“Idon’tknow,andIcan’tdefineitinabstractterms,yet.ButIthinkIcanrecognizeitwhenIseeit,andI’mlookingatitnow.”Andheturnedtogesturebehindhim,atthesoaringGothictowersandflyingbuttressesofNotreDame(巴黎圣母院)”可知，文明是什么?”50年前，肯尼斯?克拉克在BBC“文明”主題開(kāi)創(chuàng)性系列節(jié)目中問(wèn)道。“我不知道，我還不能用抽象的術(shù)語(yǔ)來(lái)定義它。但我想當(dāng)我看到它的時(shí)候我能認(rèn)出它，現(xiàn)在我正在看它。”他轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)身來(lái)，指向身后高聳的哥特式塔樓和高聳的圣母院。所以從肯尼斯?克拉克的所說(shuō)的話中，可以推斷出第一段中提到BBC“文明”主題開(kāi)創(chuàng)性系列節(jié)目是為了顯示圣母院是文明的典型例子。故A選項(xiàng)正確。2.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“Itisnotjusttheeconomythatisglobaltoday,itisculturetoo.Peoplewandertheworldinsearchnotjustofjobsandsecuritybutalsoofbeautyandhistory.Familiaritybreedsaffection.”可知，如今，不僅經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化，文化也走向全球化。人們漫游世界，不僅僅為了尋求工作和平安，也為找尋美妙和歷史。而熟識(shí)感會(huì)讓寵愛(ài)擴(kuò)散。所以圣母院的火災(zāi)引起了全世界的關(guān)注，因?yàn)槲幕蚧杏艘环N共同的文化認(rèn)同感。故D選項(xiàng)正確。3.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。由最終段“Itssurvivalthrough850yearsofpoliticalunrest—throughwar,revolutionandNazioccupation—bindsthepresenttothepast”可知，巴黎圣母院在850年的政治動(dòng)蕩中幸存下來(lái)，經(jīng)驗(yàn)了斗爭(zhēng)、革命和納粹占據(jù)，將現(xiàn)在和歷史連接起來(lái)。所以通過(guò)關(guān)鍵詞“survivalthrough，revolutionandNazioccupation”可以推斷出，圣母院見(jiàn)證了納粹入侵和法國(guó)大革命。故C選項(xiàng)正確。4.主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，人類文明持續(xù)至今，已經(jīng)有幾千年的歷史，正是有了這些宏大藝術(shù)的存在，人類才能超越個(gè)體的短暫，讓精神長(zhǎng)存。像巴黎圣母院這樣的建筑不僅是法國(guó)人民的傲慢，也是全人類的珍寶?；馂?zāi)發(fā)生后，全世界的人們?yōu)榘屠枋ツ冈喊У?。那種廣泛深刻的哀思正是人性深刻的體現(xiàn)。所以短文圍圍著“巴黎圣母院：人文主義的表達(dá)”符合文意。故B選項(xiàng)正確。2Highspeeds,coollooks,andunusualnamesarewhatatypicalAmericanlooksforwhenbuyingacar.Thisisawastefulmethodbecausethecarswebuydon’tfitourlifestylesofthriftiness（節(jié)儉）.Butwefeelpowerfulwhenwedrivehugecars,sothat’swhywebuythem.Morepeopleshoulddrivehybrids,whicharepoweredbyagasenginebutalsokeepsachargeinabankofbatteries.Asaresult,theyburnlessgasandsavemoreenergy.Youmaycomplain,“Theyarenotcool.”Butwhatareyougoingtosaywhenyourplanetgetssofouledup（弄亂）thatyouneedagasmaskjusttogooutside?Well,that’swhat’sgoingtohappenifwedon’tactsoon.Hybridsmaycostmore,buttheywillendupsavingourlifeoneday.Gasolinecarsareinefficientonesthatchewupcash.Thebestonesgetonlyaround40milespergallon.Weneedtochangeourhabitsorwearegoingtorunoutoffossilfuel,andthennocarswillbetravelingdownthestreet.Gasolinecarsalsopollutetheairandcreatebreathingproblems.Someproblemswewillhaveinthefutureifwecontinueusinggasolinecarsarehighlevelsofairpollutionandgroundwatertoxicity.Wewillalsouseupoursupplyoffossilfuels.Wemaycausealargeincreaseinthespeedofglobalwarming,whichwillresultinariseintemperatureandinturnbakeourplanetandallitslivingthings.Carsshouldbeboughtnotbasedonlooks,butbecausetheyworkwellandhelpsavetheenvironment.Hybridsfulfillthis.Ifenoughpeopleusedthem,wewouldn’tbeasworriedaboutglobalwarming.Weareatapointwherewecanonlydoonething:reducetheamountoffossilfuelsweuse.Ifwedon’t,wemayspellourowndoomandendupcreatingnaturaldisastersthatwecannotcontrol.5.Accordingtothepassage,hybrids______.A.maketheairsmellbad B.pollutethegroundwaterC.increasethespeedofglobalwarming D.aremorecostly6.Theunderlinedword“doom”inthelastparagraphprobablymeans“______”.A.abadfortune B.astrongwishC.ahappymoment D.anormalneed7.Intheauthor’sopinion,weshouldbuyacarwhich______.A.runsfaster B.looksbeautifulC.isenvironmentallyfriendly D.costsafortune8.Thepurposeofthispassageisto______.A.introducewhatkindofcaruseslessgasB.givepeopleadviceonhowtobuyacoolcarC.remindpeopleofsomeproblemstheywillhaveinthefutureD.expectpeopletoconsidertheenvironmentalproblemswhenbuyingacar【答案】5.D6.A7.C8.D【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要講解并描述了考慮到環(huán)保問(wèn)題我們應(yīng)當(dāng)駕駛混合動(dòng)力汽車。5.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)文章其次段“Hybridsmaycostmore,buttheywillendupsavingourlifeoneday.”（混合動(dòng)力車的價(jià)格可能更高，但終有一天它們會(huì)挽救我們的生命。）可知，混合動(dòng)力汽車花費(fèi)更多的錢(qián)。故選D。6.詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)劃線詞所在的句子“Ifwedon’t,wemayspellourowndoomandendupcreatingnaturaldisastersthatwecannotcontrol.”（假如我們不這樣做，我們可能會(huì)招致自己的厄運(yùn)，最終造成我們無(wú)法限制的自然災(zāi)難。）可知，doom意為“厄運(yùn)”。故選A。7.推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Carsshouldbeboughtnotbasedonlooks,butbecausetheyworkwellandhelpsavetheenvironment.”（買汽車不應(yīng)當(dāng)看外表，而是因?yàn)樗鼈冞\(yùn)行良好，有助于愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境。）可推知，作者認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)當(dāng)買環(huán)保的車。故選C。8.推理推斷題。依據(jù)文章最終一段“Carsshouldbeboughtnotbasedonlooks,butbecausetheyworkwellandhelpsavetheenvironment.Hybridsfulfillthis.Ifenoughpeopleusedthem,wewouldn’tbeasworriedaboutglobalwarming.”（買汽車不應(yīng)當(dāng)看外表，而是因?yàn)樗鼈冞\(yùn)行良好，有助于愛(ài)護(hù)環(huán)境。混合動(dòng)力汽車實(shí)現(xiàn)這一點(diǎn)。假如有足夠多的人運(yùn)用它們，我們就不會(huì)那么擔(dān)憂全球變暖了。）可推知，作者的寫(xiě)作目的是希望人們?cè)谫?gòu)買汽車時(shí)考慮環(huán)境問(wèn)題。故選D。3ElizabethfrywasthedaughterofanEnglishbanker.Whenshewasayoungbrideandmother,shegavemedicineandclothestothehomelessandhelpedestablishthesistersofDevonshiresquare,anursingschool.In1813,atage33,herattentionturnedtothefemaleprisonersinLondon’sNewgateprison.Shebegantovisittheprisonalmostdaily,andwhatshefoundtherehorrifiedher.Intheearly1800s,Englishprisonswerepitsofcrueltyandviolence.AtNewgate,womenawaitingtrialforstealingappleswereputintothesameprisonaswomenwhohadbeenconvicted(宣判)ofmurder.Womenate,defecated,andsleptinthesamecell.Ifaprisonerhadchildren,theyaccompaniedhertoprisonandlivedinthesameinhumaneconditions.Forthosewithouthelpfromfamily,friends,orcharities,theoptionsweretobegandtostealfood,ortostarvetodeath.Prisonofficialswarnedfryoftherisksshewastakinginvisitingprisons(exposuretoviolenceanddisease),butshewavedthewarningsaside.Besidescomfortingwomen,shetaughtthembasichygieneandtosewandquiltsotheymightearnalivingwhentheywerereleased.Sheintervened(介入)forwomenondeathrow,andifherpleaswereunsuccessful,shecomfortedthemintheirlastmoments.Toexpandherefforts,in1816shefoundedtheassociationfortheimprovementofthefemaleprisonersofNewgate“toprovidefortheclothing,instruction,andemploymentofthewomen,andtoforminthem,asmuchaspossible,thosehabitsoforderandindustry,whichmaymakethempeaceablewhileinprison,andrespectablewhentheyleaveit.”Specificreformsshecampaignedforincluded:separationofmenandwomenprisoners,paidworkforprisoners,womenguardsforwomenprisoners,andthehousingofcriminalsbasedontheircrimes.9.Englishprisonsintheearly1800scouldbedescribedas__________.A.inhumaneandhorrifying B.cruelandorderlyC.violentandjust D.efficientandpeaceable10.Elizabethfrytaughtfemaleprisonerssomelivingskills__________.A.towintheirrespectB.tohelpthemkilltimeinprisonC.tohelpthemmakealivinginprisonD.tolivearespectablelifewhentheywerereleased11.WhatwouldbethepossibleinfluenceofthereformsElizabethfrycampaignedfor?A.Womenprisonerswouldgetapayrise.B.Womenprisonerswouldbewellattendedbywomenguards.C.Thehumanrightsofwomenprisonerswouldbebetterrespected.D.Thehousingofthethieveswouldbemuchbetterthanthemurders’.【答案】9.A10.D11.C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作為一位英國(guó)銀行家的女兒ElizabethFry平常愛(ài)幫助無(wú)家可歸的人。在19世紀(jì)初期她提倡了監(jiān)獄改革，維護(hù)女囚犯的權(quán)利，讓她們的人權(quán)得到更好的敬重。9.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句“Intheearly1800s,Englishprisonswerepitsofcrueltyandviolence.(在19世紀(jì)早期，英國(guó)的監(jiān)獄是殘忍和暴力的場(chǎng)所)”可知，在19世紀(jì)早期英國(guó)監(jiān)獄可以形容為不人道的和恐怖的。故選A項(xiàng)。10.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段第四句“Toexpandherefforts,in1816shefoundedtheassociationfortheimprovementofthefemaleprisonersofNewgate“toprovidefortheclothing,instruction,andemploymentofthewomen,andtoforminthem,asmuchaspossible,thosehabitsoforderandindustry,whichmaymakethempeaceablewhileinprison,andrespectablewhentheyleaveit.”(為了擴(kuò)大自己的努力，在1816年，她成立了紐蓋特女囚犯改良協(xié)會(huì)，“為女囚犯供應(yīng)服裝、教化和就業(yè)，并盡可能地培育她們的秩序和勤奮習(xí)慣，使她們?cè)讵z中和平相處，在出獄時(shí)受到敬重?！?”可知，作者成立協(xié)會(huì)的目的就是讓這些囚犯?jìng)兏男皻w正，并且有一技之長(zhǎng)，這樣當(dāng)他們被釋放后過(guò)上風(fēng)光 的生活。故選D項(xiàng)。11.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“Specificreformsshecampaignedforincluded:separationofmenandwomenprisoners,paidworkforprisoners,womenguardsforwomenprisoners,andthehousingofcriminalsbasedontheircrimes.(她所提倡的詳細(xì)改革包括：男女囚犯的隔離，囚犯的有償工作，女獄警為女囚犯供應(yīng)服務(wù)，以及依據(jù)罪犯的罪行為他們供應(yīng)住房)”可知，作者提倡的這些改革內(nèi)容都是站在囚犯人權(quán)的角度，都是為了囚犯的人權(quán)能得到更好的敬重。故選C項(xiàng)。4LightpollutionisblockingastarryviewofthenightskyformorethanhalfofpeopleacrossEngland,aresearchhasfound.Fifty-sevenpercentofstargazersstruggledtoseemorethan10stars,whilejust2%ofparticipantssaidtheyexperiencedatrulydarkskymakingthembeabletocountmorethan30,accordingtotheresearchbytheCampaigntoProtectRuralEngland(CPRE).PeopleinthecountrysidewereencouragedtocounthowmanystarstheycouldseewitheyeswithintheconstellationofOrion,whichisvisibleonlyinthewintermonths.Campaignerssaidtheresultsofthestarcount,supportedbytheBritishAstronomicalAssociation,showedtheproblemoflightpollutionandhowitaffectedoneofthecountryside'smostmagicalsights-adark,starrynightsky.TheysaidtheresultsoftheresearchtomapEngland'snightskiessuggestedmorecouldbedonebythegovernment,localcouncilsandthegeneralpublictoreducethenegativeeffectsofartificiallightfromstreetsandbuildings.EmmaMarrington,darkskiescampaignerattheCPRE,said"We'rehugelygratefultothepeoplewhotookthetimetogetoutandtakepartinourstarcount.Butit'sdeeplydisappointingthatthevastmajoritywereunabletoexperiencethenaturalwonderofatrulydarkskyblanketedwithstars."Withoutanyaction,ournightskywillcontinuetobelostunderacoveringofartificiallight,ruiningthehealthofthenaturalworld.Sheadded:"Thestarcountresultsshowjusthowfar-reachingthelightfromstreetlightsandbuildingscanbeseen.Lightdoesn'trespectboundaries,andcarelessusecanseeitspreadfor,milesfromcities.”Shesuggestedbetter-designedlighting,streetlightdimmingsystemsandpart-nightlightingwheresomestreetlightsareturnedoffduringthesmallhoursshouldprovidean,opportunitytolimitthedamagecausedbylightpollution,reducecarbonemissionsandsavemoney.12.Whatcausesthelightpollutionaccordingtothetext?A.Moreandmorebuildings. B.Lessandlessoutdooractivities.C.Theoveruseofartificiallight. D.Thespreadoflightinthecountryside.13.HowdoesEmmafeelaboutthestargazers'efforts?A.Disappointed. B.Surprised. C.Regretful. D.Appreciative.14.WhatisEmma'ssuggestionfordealingwiththelightpollution?A.Usingstreetlightswisely. B.Turningofflightsatnight.C.Spreadinglightfurther. D.Changingthestreets'design.【答案】12.C13.D14.A【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文是一篇關(guān)于光污染的文章，一項(xiàng)探討發(fā)覺(jué)，光污染阻礙了英國(guó)一半以上的人欣賞星空。介紹了光污染是如何產(chǎn)生的,它的危害，以及減輕光污染的一些措施。12.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中“TheysaidtheresultsoftheresearchtomapEngland'snightskiessuggestedmorecouldbedonebythegovernment,localcouncilsandthegeneralpublictoreducethenegativeeffectsofartificiallightfromstreetsandbuildings.(他們說(shuō)，繪制英格蘭夜空?qǐng)D的探討結(jié)果表明，政府、地方議會(huì)和公眾可以實(shí)行更多措施來(lái)削減來(lái)自街道和建筑物的人造光的負(fù)面影響)”以及第四段中“Withoutanyaction,ournightskywillcontinuetobelostunderacoveringofartificiallight,ruiningthehealthofthenaturalworld.(假如不實(shí)行任何行動(dòng)，我們的夜空將接著在人造光的覆蓋下消逝，破壞自然界的健康)”可知，導(dǎo)致光污染的是人造光的過(guò)度運(yùn)用。故選C。13.推理推斷題。依據(jù)第四段中“We’rehugelygratefultothepeoplewhotookthetimetogetoutandtakepartinourstarcount.(我們特別感謝那些花時(shí)間參與我們的星空計(jì)數(shù)活動(dòng)的人)”可知，Emma對(duì)觀星者的努力是感謝的。故選D。14.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段“Shesuggestedbetter-designedlighting,streetlightdimmingsystemsandpart-nightlightingwheresomestreetlightsareturnedoffduringthesmallhoursshouldprovideanopportunitytolimitthedamagecausedbylightpollution,reducecarbonemissionsandsavemoney.(她建議，設(shè)計(jì)更好的照明系統(tǒng)、路燈調(diào)暗系統(tǒng)以及在凌晨關(guān)閉部分路燈的部分夜間照明，應(yīng)當(dāng)能夠削減光污染造成的損害、削減碳排放并省錢(qián))”可知，Emma對(duì)處理光污染的建議是“明智地運(yùn)用路燈?！惫蔬xA。5Onsocialmedia,youmaysee"BMgirls",whowearsmallskirts,tinyT-shirtsandskinnyjeans.ThegroupisnamedaftertheItalianfashionbrandBrandyMelville.Itsaysitsclothesare“onesizefitsall”.However,mostclothesthebrandprovidesforgirlsareinsmallsizes,accordingtoBritishnewspaperTheSun.Thebrand’sideaof“onesizefitsall"hasmademanygirlsfeeluncomfortable."Forme,theproblemwasnotthefactthatIcouldn'tpurchaseyourclothes.TherootofmyfrustrationisinthehumiliationIfeltwhenIrealizedthat...Ijustwasn'tgoodenoughfortheMelvillebrand,"younggirlAndyEsmondwroteonthewebsiteOdyssey."Igotthemessageloudandclear:Ifyoudon'thaveanidealbodytype,wewouldratheryounotwearourclothing."Esmondisoneofmanygirlsaroundtheworldwhoaredissatisfiedwiththeirbodyshapes.Accordingtoa2024surveyconductedbyYouthSelectCommitteeintheUK,8in10teenagegirlsintheUKwanttochangetheirweightorbodyshape.TnChina,morethanhalfofteenagerswanttoloseweighttomakethemselveslookbetter,accordingtoa2024surveybySouthernWeekly.ButfashiontrendsliketheBrandyMelvilleclothinglinedonothingtoeasetheanxietyofnegativebodyimage.Instead,theyfeeditfurther,notedCoppellStudentMedia.Inordertoachievesuchan"ideal”image,somegirlsdevelopeatingdisorders.Evenworse,thistrendmayleadtolowself-esteem,depressionandhopelessness.“Theidealizationofthinnesscanbeakeyfactorinworseningtheillnessandpreventingrecovery,andfashionretailersshouldrespectdiversityinpeople'snaturalbodyshapesandsizes,“Beat,theUK'sleadingeatingdisordercharity,toldFabulousDigital.Afterall,beautydoesn'tcomeinabox,orinoneform.Justrecognizethatwearealldifferentandthatissomethingtobecelebrated.Infact,acceptingyourtrueselfcandisplayanaturalbeautythatcannotbeignored.15.Whatcanweknowaboutthegroup"BMgirls"?A.TheyareanAmericanfashionbrand. B.TheyonlybuyBrandyMelvilleclothes.C.Theylovetowearsmall-sizedclothes. D.Theyalwayssharewhattheywearonline.16.WhyaremanygirlsdissatisfiedwiththebrandBrandyMelville?A.Becauseitofferslimitedsizesinclothing.B.Becauseitproducestooexpensiveclothesforthem.C.Becauseitprovidesallcustomersmiddle-sizedclothes.D.Becauseithaspoorcustomerservice.17.Howdofashiontrendslikeone-size-fits-allinfluenceconsumers?A.Theyhelppeopletoimprovetheirbodyimage.B.Theysetnewstandardsforclothingproduction.C.Theyencouragepeopletoaccepttheirbodyimage.D.Theycausesomegirlstodevelopunhealthybodyimages.18.WhatshouldfashionretailersdoaccordingtoBeat?A.Promotetheideaofwearingcomfortableclothes. B.Helpcustomersrecoverfromtheirillnesses.C.Valuedifferencesinbodyshapesandsizes. D.Encouragecustomerstoweardifferentclothes.【答案】15.C16.A17.D18.C【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明白如今類似BrandyMelville這樣的時(shí)尚品牌以“一碼通吃”為理念，導(dǎo)致了一些女孩追求不健康的身體形象，說(shuō)明白這種趨勢(shì)的危害以及人們對(duì)此的看法。15.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段中“Onsocialmedia,youmaysee‘BMgirls’,whowearsmallskirts,tinyT-shirtsandskinnyjeans.ThegroupisnamedaftertheItalianfashionbrandBrandyMelville.(在社交媒體上，你可能會(huì)看到‘BM女孩’，她們穿著小短裙、小t恤和緊身牛仔褲。該集團(tuán)是以意大利時(shí)尚品牌BrandyMelville命名的)”以及其次段中“However,mostclothesthebrandprovidesforgirlsareinsmallsizes,accordingtoBritishnewspaperTheSun.(然而，據(jù)英國(guó)《太陽(yáng)報(bào)》報(bào)道，該品牌為女孩供應(yīng)的大部分衣服都是小號(hào)的)”可知，“BM女孩”寵愛(ài)穿小號(hào)的衣服。故選C。16.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中“Thebrand’sideaof‘onesizefitsall’hasmademanygirlsfeeluncomfortable.(該品牌的‘一碼通吃’的理念讓很多女孩感到不滿)”可知，很多女孩對(duì)BrandyMelville這個(gè)牌子不滿足，因?yàn)樗囊路叽a有限。故選A。17.細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“ButfashiontrendsliketheBrandyMelvilleclothinglinedonothingtoeasetheanxietyofnegativebodyimage.Instead,theyfeeditfurther,notedCoppellStudentMedia.Inordertoachieve