高中英語(yǔ)讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)寫(xiě)作探討

讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)寫(xiě)作探討Imightsaythatsuccessiswonbythreethings:first,effort;second,moreeffort;third,stillmoreeffort.ByThomasHardy.Teachingaims:1.discussandexploresomewaystowriteagoodcomposition.2.Comparethetwomethodsandconsideringwhichoneyoulikebettertoadopt.Teachingprocedures:Step1.RevisesomekeypointsinUnit5.Step2.Writingpart.Way1:寫(xiě)作指導(dǎo)三大原則原文一致原則內(nèi)容要前后銜接，上下連貫，語(yǔ)言表達(dá)風(fēng)格一致。正能量原則故事內(nèi)容一點(diǎn)要正能量，弘揚(yáng)社會(huì)主義核心價(jià)值觀。曲折性原則凡是故事都應(yīng)有跌宕起伏，其中人物會(huì)遇到困難或問(wèn)題，但最終能解決。讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)四個(gè)步驟讀懂大意，理清脈絡(luò)讀所給的不完整故事，弄清大意和主題，理清故事的主要人物和事件。細(xì)讀首句，構(gòu)思框架仔細(xì)閱讀所給兩段的首句，結(jié)合正能量結(jié)尾，思考大致框架。增加細(xì)節(jié)，開(kāi)始寫(xiě)作依據(jù)情節(jié)發(fā)展和常識(shí)，在確定的框架內(nèi)，可按“所見(jiàn)、所遇，所想，所為，所感”等構(gòu)思大致框架。修改潤(rùn)色，整潔謄寫(xiě)思考再三，把修改潤(rùn)色后的續(xù)寫(xiě)整潔地寫(xiě)入答卷。讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)：例題講解閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫(xiě)的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。AfunnythinghappenedtoArthurwhenhewasonthewaytoworkoneday.AshewalkedalongParkAvenueneartheFirstNationalBank,heheardthesoundofsomeonetryingtostartacar.Hetriedagainandagainbutcouldn’tgetthecarmoving.Arthurturnedandlookedinsideatthefaceofayoungmanwholookedworried.Arthurstoppedandasked,“Itlookslikeyou‘vegotaproblem,”Arthursaid.“I’mafraidso.I’minabighurryandIcan’tstartmycar.”“IstheresomethingIcandotohelp?”Arthurasked.Theyoungmanlookedatthetwosuitcasesinthebackseatandthensaid,“Thanks.Ifyou’resureitwouldn’tbetoomuchtrouble,youcouldhelpmegetthesesuitcasesintoataxi.”“Notroubleatall.I’dbegladtohelp.”Theyoungmangotoutandtookoneofthesuitcasesfromthebackseat.Afterplacingitontheground,heturnedtogettheotherone.JustasArthurpickedupthefirstsuitcaseandstartedwalking,heheardthelongloudnoiseofanalarm.Itwasfromthebank.Therehadbeenarobbery(搶劫)!ParkAvenuehadbeenquietamomentbefore.Nowtheairwasfilledwiththesoundofthealarmandtheshoutsofpeoplerunningfromalldirections.Carsstoppedandthepassengersjoinedthecrowdinfrontofthebank.Peopleaskedeachother,“Whathappened?”Buteveryonehadadifferentanswer.Arthur,stillcarryingthesuitcase,turnedtolookatthebankandwalkedrightintotheyoungwomaninfrontofhim.Shelookedatthesuitcaseandthenathim.Arthurwassurprised.“Whyisshelookingatmelikethat?”Hethought.“Thesuitcase!ShethinksI’mthebankthief!”Arthurlookedaroundatthecrowdofpeople.Hebecamefrightened,andwithoutanotherthought,hestartedtorun.注意：1.所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好；Paragraph1:Ashewasrunning,Arthurheardtheyoungmanshoutingbehind,“Stop,stop!”-Paragraph2:ThetaxistoppedinfrontofthePoliceStationandArthur...__________________________________________________________寫(xiě)作思路1.讀懂大意，理清脈絡(luò)主要是根據(jù)記敘文的六要素弄清文章大意，特別要弄清故事的人物，時(shí)態(tài)（通常是一般過(guò)去時(shí)），事件（故事的起因和經(jīng)過(guò)），語(yǔ)言特色（以便在續(xù)寫(xiě)語(yǔ)言特色前后一致，保持不變），等等。2.細(xì)讀首句，構(gòu)思框架兩段首句定一框由續(xù)寫(xiě)的第一段首句與第二段首句確定第一段的框架。二框二首正能量第二段的框架，由第二段首句與正能量結(jié)尾來(lái)確定。3.增加細(xì)節(jié)，開(kāi)始寫(xiě)作在已定框架范圍內(nèi)，依據(jù)情節(jié)發(fā)展和生活常識(shí)，推斷故事中人物所見(jiàn)、所聞、所思、所說(shuō)、所做等給每段增加5至8個(gè)具體細(xì)節(jié)，我們稱之為“58細(xì)節(jié)添加法”。構(gòu)思根據(jù)構(gòu)思的大致框架，推斷故事中人物所見(jiàn)、所思、所說(shuō)、所做等每段增加五至八個(gè)具體細(xì)節(jié)或叫“58細(xì)節(jié)法”。Paragraph1:Ashewasrunning,Arthurheardtheyoungmanshoutingbehind,“stop,stop!”（正當(dāng)他跑的時(shí)候，亞瑟聽(tīng)到后面那個(gè)年輕人喊道：“停下，停下！”P(pán)aragraph2：ThetaxistoppedinfrontofthepolicestationandArthur(出租車(chē)停在警察局前面，接著亞瑟……）4.修改潤(rùn)色，整潔謄寫(xiě)審讀初稿，注意語(yǔ)義是否銜接，前后是否連貫，事件是否符合邏輯，語(yǔ)言特色是否與前文一致。在修改潤(rùn)色之后，整齊工整地謄寫(xiě)在答卷上。參考范文Onepossibleversion：Anotherpossibleversion:Ashewasrunning,Arthurheardtheyoungmanshoutingbehind,“Stop,stop!”Andalsoatthemoment,Arthursuddenlyrealizedthattheyoungmanmightbethebankrobber.SoArthurdidn’tstop,butcontinuedtorununtilhesawataxi.Hestoppedit,jumpedinwiththesuitcaseandsaidtothedriver,“Gotothepolicestation,please.Themanshoutingbehindisthebankthief!’’Thetaxiracedawaylikethewind.ThetaxistoppedinfrontofthePoliceStationandArthurtoldthepolicewhathadhappened.Obviously,thepolicehadalreadylearnedabouttherobbery.Theyopenedthesuitcaseandtherewasalargesumofmoneyinside,asArthurhadexpected.ThenthepoliceaskedArthurtodescribetheyoungmanandtheothersuitcase.Later,withtheinformation,thepolicecaughttherobber.ThepoliceandthebankboththankedArthuralot.(Words153)Way2:5R解讀、4句框架和3大原則（五四三法）在教學(xué)中，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)初步摸索出：5R解讀故事；4句框架和3大原則（即：五四三法）目前看，這種方法還是比較有效的，當(dāng)然有個(gè)前提，需要積累若干細(xì)節(jié)描寫(xiě)的語(yǔ)句才能發(fā)揮更大的效果。

題目：讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩端，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Mikelickedthelastofthemintchocolatechip

icecream.Itwasalmosttimetoleave.Hejumpedintothecarwithhis

parents

andheadedofftotheOlympic-sized

pool

forthebigswimmeet.Whenhis

race

cameup,Mikewasconfident.Hewasstrongandswift.Mikeclimbedoutthepool,smiling.Hehadjust

won

firstplace,makinghimthefastestboyinhisagegroup."Congratulations,son,"hisfathersaid.Hismomgavehimahug,eventhoughhewassoakingwet.Aweeklater,itwastimeforanotherswimmeet.Likebefore,Mikedecidedtoenjoyhisfavoriteicecreamflavor.Mikerememberedthatthelasttimehehadwonarace,healsoatemintchocolatechipicecreamfirst.Maybehe'dwinagain.He’staken

firstplace

againinhisrace.Mikewasfeelingprettygood.Asitturnedout,MikedecidedtohavesomemintchocolatechipIcecreambeforeeveryoneofthenextfewswimmeets.Hebegantothinkofitashis

luckycharm.Afterseveralmonthsofplacinginthetoppositionsofeveryraceheswam,Mikewasfeelingunbeatable.Andhewouldn’tadmitit,butallthaticecreamwasaddingafewpoundstohisathleticswimmer'sbuild.Itdidn’ttakelongafterthatforMiketostartcominginsecondplace-andthenthird-andthenlastplaceinhisraces.Theluckymintchocolatechipicecreamhadlostits

magic.Onthedayofhisnextswimmeet,hismothersatdownatthetablewithhim.“Mike,weallloveicecream,butit'snot

healthy

foryourbodytoeatsomuchofit.Maybeit'stimetoquitthesweettreatsforawhile,especiallybeforeyougoswimming.Mikeunwillinglyagreed.Hewenttotheswimmeet,anddidn’t

perform

well.Hisfatherofferedtogorunningwithhimafewdaysaweektohelphimfeelbetterandstrengthenhismuscles.Theextraweightsoondisappeared,andMikefoundhimselfbreathingeasieratswimpractices.It

was

the

last

meet

of

the

season,

and

Mike

wasn’t

sure

what

to

expect.He

felt

healthyagain,but

he

didn’t

know

if

he

still

had

any

speed

in

the

pool.注意:1.

所續(xù)寫(xiě)短文的字?jǐn)?shù)應(yīng)為150左右；2.

至少使用五個(gè)短文中標(biāo)有下劃線的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)；3.

續(xù)寫(xiě)部分分為兩段，每段的開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)已為你寫(xiě)好；4.

續(xù)寫(xiě)完成后，請(qǐng)用下劃線標(biāo)出你所使用的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)Paragraph

1:As

he

drove

into

the

water,he

kicked

his

legs

and

stretched

his

arms

as

far

as

he

could.Paragraph

2:His

jaw

dropped

as

he

realized

he

had

beaten

his

own

best

time,and

everyone

else

too.

如何快速寫(xiě)：第一步：Analyzethestory：5Rs1.Readforcharacters:Mike,hisparents,Icecream,teammates2.Readforconflict/problems：IcecreamandMike’sperformance:WhetherisitaLuckycharm3.Readforplot:4.Readforemotionalchanges:Whenhisracecameup,Mikewas

confidentMikewas

feelingprettygood.Afterseveralmonthsofplacinginthetoppositionsofeveryraceheswam,Mikewas

feelingunbeatable.Mike

unwillingly

agreed.5.ReadforthemeWhatcontributestoMike’ssuccessinswimming?第二步：四句定框架：寫(xiě)讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)不同于寫(xiě)其它作文，有可能需要先倒著寫(xiě)的Step1:

先把最后一句寫(xiě)好，即：主題句Mikerealizedthatone’sluckycharmwasnothingbuthisdiligence.Step2:

再把銜接句寫(xiě)好，即第一段的最后一句：Hedashedtothefinishline.Step3:

緊接著每段的提示語(yǔ)句寫(xiě)角色的情感：Ashedoveintothewater,hekickedhislegsandstretchedhisarmsasfarashecould.Itstruckendlessenergyandmotivationintohisbody.Mike’sjawdroppedasherealizedhehadbeatenhisownbesttime,andeveryoneelse’stoo.Theflowersinhisheartwerealreadyinbloom.接下來(lái)就是把每段的中間補(bǔ)充完整，記住三大原則：1.Action—Response原則：角色A的所言、所行、所感、所想會(huì)引起其它角色的一系列反應(yīng)的。每段對(duì)話1-2句，不一定兩個(gè)人都要說(shuō)話，無(wú)聲的動(dòng)作也是一種response。2.Conflict—Solution原則：一般而言第二段會(huì)有問(wèn)題的solution，但本文和高考的讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)文章出題不一樣，因?yàn)閟olution在所給文章中就已經(jīng)有了。同時(shí)思考：能否在第一段出現(xiàn)一個(gè)問(wèn)題，然后把它解決了或者沒(méi)有解決。一方面是增加看點(diǎn)，另一方面也是給第二段鋪墊。3.Negative—Positive原則：寫(xiě)作中一定要體現(xiàn)情感的變化，無(wú)論前面是這樣的變化，最終都是積極的。

最終：Ashedoveintothewater,hekickedhislegsandstretchedhisarmsasfarashecould.

1.Itstruckendlessenergyandmotivationintohisbody.

（心情）2.“ThisiswhereIbelong.Ican

win

the

race,”thoughthe,histeethclenchedandhiseyesfixedonthefinishlineforward.

（內(nèi)心獨(dú)白）3.Suddenly,twofigures

whizzed

past,whichstartledhim.

（心情變化））4.Fearingtofall