江西省2023-2024學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期4月期中英語(yǔ)試題

高二英語(yǔ)試卷試卷共8頁(yè)，67小題，滿分150分?？荚囉脮r(shí)120分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：1.考查范圍：選擇性必修第一冊(cè)～選擇性必修第三冊(cè)Unit4。2.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)等填寫在答題卡指定位置上。3.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請(qǐng)將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedislikestakingtests.B.Sheremembersmanyverbs.C.ShehastroublewithSpanish.2.HowdoesTomfeel?A.Regretful.B.Hopeful.C.Satisfied.3.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher.B.Apasserby.C.Apoliceman.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.5:00pm.B.6:00pm.C.7:00pm.5.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Takemorerest.B.Takemoreworkout.C.Eatdinnerregularly.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomanlikeinherchildhood?A.Asoldierdoll.B.Amodelcar.C.Games.7.Whatisthemangoodat?A.Makingdolls.B.Buildingcastles.C.PlayingActionHeroes.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthewomanwanttoreturnthesweater?A.Itisofpoorquality.B.Itdoesn'tfitherwell.C.Shetookitatahigherprice.9.Whatdoesthemanagreetodoatfirst?A.Bendtherulesforthewoman.B.Exchangethewoman'ssweater.C.Letthewomanchooseadifferentone.10.Whatwillhappennext?A.Thewomanwillgethermoneyback.B.Thewomanwillchoosealargersize.C.Thewomanwilltryadifferentstyle.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whywasthewomanannoyed?A.Themanignoredher.B.Themanspoketoherrudely.C.Themandidn'tordercoffeeforher.12Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Friends.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?ATurnoffhisphone.B.Meetwithafriend.C.Sendaquickmessage.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whydoestheman'sheartbeatwildly?A.Heisveryexcited.B.Heisalittlescared.C.Heissufferingaheartattack.15.Whatdoesthemantakewithhim?A.Bottledwater.B.Apples.C.Cigarettes.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Atastation.C.Atanairport.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Acity.B.Auniversity.C.Atrip.18.WhyisthespeakerfamiliarwithPrague?A.Hespenthisuniversitylifethere.B.Heoncelivedthereforfivedays.C.Heoncereadaboutitatuniversity.19.WhatdidthespeakerdoinPrague?A.Helearnedtomakebiscuits.B.Hehadhisoldhouserepaired.C.Hetastedmanydifferentfoods.20.Fromwheredidthespeakerseethebabystatues?A.PetrinHill.B.TheTVTower.C.CharlesBridge.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AFREEONLINEFIRSTAIDCOURSEWeletoouronlinefirstaidcourse.Anyonecantakethistrainingonlineandlearnmoreaboutlifesavingfirstaid.Weprovidethisfirstaidtrainingfornocharge.Simplyworkyourwaythroughouronlinefirstaidmodules(模塊)below.Youmustbeloggedin(登錄)toaccessthecoursematerial.Ifyoudon’thaveanaccount,thenpleaseregister.BasiconlinefirstaidcourseBelowarethemodulesforouronlinefirstaidcourse.Youdonothavetotaketheminaspecificorder.However,ifyouaretotallynewtofirstaid,itmayhelptostartatthebeginning.Attheendofeachmodulethereisafirstaidtestwhereyoucantestyourknowledge.Onceyou’vepletedallthemodules,youcandownloadafreefirstaidcertificate(證書).Module1IntroductiontoFirstAidModule2TheUnconsciousVictimModule3BleedingandShock.Module4BurnsPleaseremembertomarkallthemodulesaspletedotherwiseyouwillnotbeabletodownloadyourbasicfirstaidcertificate.Modulesmarkedaspletedwillhaveagreenticknexttothemabove.Advancedonlinefirstaidcoursepletedtheabovecourse?Whynotcheckoutournewfreeonlineadvancedfirstaidcourse?Thiscoursewillbuilduponthetrainingandcontentinthebasicfirstaidcourseaboveandwillhelpfurtheryourknowledgeontopicssuchas:*Medicalconditions*Minorinjuries*Patientassessment*Clinicalobservations*TherolesandresponsibilitiesofafirstaiderAsalways,youwillreceiveafreefirstaidcertificateonceyoupletetheadvancedcourse.1.Whatisamusttolearnthisonlinecourse?A.Offeringasmallfeeforthetraining. B.Havinganaccountonthiswebsite.C.Learningthecourseintherequiredorder. D.Takingafirstaidtestbeforethecourse.2.Whichmoduleprovidesknowledgeaboutbloodynose?A.Module1. B.Module2. C.Module3. D.Module4.3.Whatcanweknowabouttheadvancedonlinefirstaidcourse?A.Itprovidesapaidcertificateofhonor.B.Itisintendedforprofessionalmedicalworkers.C.Itteachespeoplehowtojudgepatients’condition.D.Ithasnothingtodowithbasicfirstaidknowledge.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)免費(fèi)在線急救課程的情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Youmustbeloggedin(登錄)toaccessthecoursematerial.Ifyoudon’thaveanaccount,thenpleaseregister.(你必須登錄才能訪問課程材料。如果你沒有賬戶，請(qǐng)注冊(cè))”可知，參與學(xué)習(xí)的人們需要注冊(cè)賬號(hào)并登錄才可以學(xué)習(xí)；由此可知，學(xué)習(xí)這門在線課程必須在這個(gè)網(wǎng)站上有一個(gè)帳戶。故選B。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中的“Module3BleedingandShock(模塊3出血和休克)”可知，Module3提供關(guān)于出血和休克的知識(shí)；由此可知，Module3提供有關(guān)流鼻血的知識(shí)。故選C。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Advancedonlinefirstaidcourse”下文中“*Patientassessment(病情評(píng)估)”可知，高級(jí)在線急救課程教會(huì)人們?nèi)绾闻袛嗖∪说牟∏?。故選C。BSixyearoldAmarLalwasneverconcernedwithwhatyear,month,weekordayitwas.Hisroutinewasthesame.Everymorningthefamilywouldpacktheirbelongingsandmovefromquarry(采石場(chǎng))toquarry,wheretheybeganaday’swork.Asthecoloursoftheskychangedfrombluetoorangetoblack,thefamilywouldbreakstones.Needlesstosay,schoolwasadistantdreamaswaspermanenthousing.Butonedayin2001,Lal’sdestinychangedwhenNobelPrizewinnerKailashSatyarthipaidavisittothequarry.Recallingthefatefuldayin2001whenSatyarthiwasconductingagatheringinhisvillage—aneducationmarchpartofthe“SaveChildhoodMovement”—LalsaysSatyarthispottedhimcarryingheavystones.Ashortconversationlater,SatyarthihadconvincedLal’sparentsthattheirchildwasmeantforgreaterthings.“IvividlyrecallSatyarthiaskingmyparentswhetherIwenttoschool.Butnotmyparents,grandparentsorevengreatgrandparentshadeverbeentoschool.Theylookedathimwithapuzzledlookbecauseanomadic(游牧的)lifestylewastheonlyoneweknew.Workwasallweweretaughttodo,”the27yearoldlawyerLalshares.Hisparentswereinterestedbythis“angel”whoassuredthemthatabetterworldlayoutsidethisquarry—aworldwheretheirchildrencouldplay,laughandlearn.TheydecidedtotrustSatyarthi.Andseveraldayslater,LalwenttoSatyarthi’scentreforchildren.ThusbeganLal’ssecondchapteroflife.“MyeducationatSatyarthi’scentretaughtmethatchildlabourisaseriousproblemandchildrenaroundIndiaaresubjectedtocrueltyunderthebannerof‘work’.IwasreallygratefulthatIwasgivenachanceatanewlifewhichthousandsofchildrendreamedof.Iwantedtogiveotherchildrenthesame.”SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.4.HowwasLal’slifebeforemeetingSatyarthi?A.Heworkedasalabourer. B.Heledafortablelife.C.Hewasabusedinthefamily. D.Helikedtoobservethesky.5.WhoisSatyarthimostlikelytobe?A.Anadvocateforchildren’srights. B.Anownerofabigquarry.C.ANobelPrizewinnerinmedicine. D.Anexpertinchildren’sbehavior.6.HowmightLal’sparentsreacttoSatyarthi’squestion?A.Theyfeltannoyed. B.Theywereconfused.C.Theyfeltunhappy. D.Theyweredisappointed.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLal?A.Gratefulandgenerous. B.Reliableanddetermined.C.Ambitiousandmodest. D.Luckyandresponsible.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了幼小的 AmarLal在采石場(chǎng)干活時(shí)幸運(yùn)地遇到“拯救童年運(yùn)動(dòng)”的倡導(dǎo)者KailashSatyarthi，從此開始了新的生活并在長(zhǎng)大后同Satyarthi一起對(duì)兒童進(jìn)行救援行動(dòng)。【4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Everymorningthefamilywouldpacktheirbelongingsandmovefromquarry(采石場(chǎng))toquarry,wheretheybeganaday’swork.(每天早上，這家人都會(huì)收拾好行李，從一個(gè)采石場(chǎng)搬到另一個(gè)采石場(chǎng)，開始一天的工作)”可知，Lal每天和家人一起在采石場(chǎng)做苦工。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Recallingthefatefuldayin2001whenSatyarthiwasconductingagatheringinhisvillage—aneducationmarchpartofthe“SaveChildhoodMovement”—LalsaysSatyarthispottedhimcarryingheavystones.(Lal回憶起2001年那個(gè)災(zāi)難性的日子，當(dāng)時(shí)Satyarthi正在他的村子里組織一場(chǎng)集會(huì)——“拯救童年運(yùn)動(dòng)”的一部分教育游行——拉爾說(shuō)，Satyarthi發(fā)現(xiàn)他扛著沉重的石頭)”以及最后一段“SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.(自從Lal于2018年以律師身份畢業(yè)以來(lái)，他一直與Satyarthi一起處理案件和實(shí)際援助，反過來(lái)又給更多的孩子帶來(lái)希望)”可推知，Satyarthi最有可能是反童工運(yùn)動(dòng)的活動(dòng)家，兒童權(quán)益的倡導(dǎo)者。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““IvividlyrecallSatyarthiaskingmyparentswhetherIwenttoschool.Butnotmyparents,grandparentsorevengreatgrandparentshadeverbeentoschool.Theylookedathimwithapuzzledlookbecauseanomadic(游牧的)lifestylewastheonlyoneweknew.Workwasallweweretaughttodo,”the27yearoldlawyerLalshares.(“我清楚地記得Satyarthi提問我父母我是否上學(xué)。但我的父母、祖父母甚至曾祖父母都沒有上過學(xué)。他們不解地看著他，因?yàn)槲覀冎恢烙文恋纳罘绞?。工作是我們唯一被教?dǎo)要做的事情，”27歲的律師Lal分享道)”可推知，當(dāng)Satyarthi問到他們的孩子是否上學(xué)時(shí)，Lal的父母是感到困惑的。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“IwasreallygratefulthatIwasgivenachanceatanewlifewhichthousandsofchildrendreamedof.Iwantedtogiveotherchildrenthesame.(我真的很感激，我得到了一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，開始成千上萬(wàn)的孩子夢(mèng)想的新生活。我想給其他孩子同樣的東西)”以及最后一段“SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.(自從Lal于2018年以律師身份畢業(yè)以來(lái)，他一直與Satyarthi一起處理案件和實(shí)際援助，反過來(lái)又給更多的孩子帶來(lái)希望)”可知，Lal認(rèn)為自己是幸運(yùn)的，而且他大學(xué)畢業(yè)后積極幫助救援更多的兒童，由此判斷他也是有社會(huì)責(zé)任感的。故選D。CTobaccoruinslives,leadingtoover400,000hospitaladmissionsayear,andultimatelykillstwointhreelifetimesmokers.Overtheingweeks,MPs(議員)willdebatenewlawstocreatea“smokefreegeneration”,meaningnoonebornonorafter1January,2009,canbelegallysoldacigarette.ThisisatrulytransformativepieceofpublichealthpolicythatcouldseeanendtotobaccouseinEngland.Thepolicywillseethelegalageforbeingsoldtobaccorisebyoneyeareachyearfrom2027.Whiletheproposedageincreaseapproachisnovel,weknowthatraisingtheageofpurchasingworks.Smokingratesdroppedby30percentamongyoungpeoplewithinayearwhenthelegalageincreasedfrom16to18in2007.Thedropwascloserto40percentamongthetargetagegroupwhenitwasraisedfrom18to21intheUS.Thereareconcernsamongsomethatthenewpolicycoulddriveanillegalmarket,buttheevidencedoesn’tbackthisup.Since2000theillegalmarketfortobaccohasdeclinedfrom22percentto11percentdespiteraisingtheageofpurchasingto18,banningsmokinginpublicplaces,introducingplainpackaging,andcontinuedpricerises.Furthermore,thefocusofthepolicyistopreventpeopletakingupsmoking—noonewhocancurrentlybuytobaccowillbeunabletodoso—makingitunlikelytherewillbeanincreaseddemandforillegaltobacco.Onlinesalesmayalsopresenttheirowndifficultyasthenewpolicyesintoforce,withdigitalretailers(零售商)havingresponsibilitytocheckontheageofcustomersremotely.Thegovernmentispromising“enhancingonlineageverification(驗(yàn)證)”butitwouldbefarsimplertobanonlinetobaccosalesaltogether,asremendedinarecentindependentgovernmentreview.8.Whowillberestrictedbythenewpolicy?A.Heavysmokers. B.Cigarettesellers.C.Thetobaccogrowers. D.Thetobaccoadvertisers.9.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.Thebenefitofthepolicy. B.Thenoveltyofthepolicy.C.Thetargetpeopleofthepolicy. D.Thecontentofthepolicy.10.Whatdosomepeopleworryabout?A.Thepriceoftobaccowillgoup. B.Morepeoplewillpickupsmoking.C.Thetaxfromtobaccomaydecrease. D.Theillegaltobaccomarketswillboom.11.Whatwillhappentoonlinetobaccosaleswiththenewpolicyineffect?A.Itwillencounterresistance. B.Itwillfaceanewchallenge.C.Itwillhavesimplifiedprocess. D.Itwillmakemoreprofits.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了英國(guó)議會(huì)制定的一項(xiàng)有關(guān)煙草使用的新法律，這項(xiàng)法律規(guī)定煙草商不能向2009年1月1日或之后出生的人出售香煙。8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Overtheingweeks,MPs(議員)willdebatenewlawstocreatea“smokefreegeneration”,meaningnoonebornonorafter1January,2009,canbelegallysoldacigarette.(在接下來(lái)的幾周內(nèi)，議員們將討論創(chuàng)造“無(wú)煙一代”的新法律，這意味著2009年1月1日或之后出生的人都不能合法出售香煙)”可知，新的法律規(guī)定了煙草不能賣給2009年及之后出生的青少年，所以被新政策限制的是煙草銷售商。故選B。【9題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thepolicywillseethelegalageforbeingsoldtobaccorisebyoneyeareachyearfrom2027.Whiletheproposedageincreaseapproachisnovel,weknowthatraisingtheageofpurchasingworks.Smokingratesdroppedby30percentamongyoungpeoplewithinayearwhenthelegalageincreasedfrom16to18in2007.Thedropwascloserto40percentamongthetargetagegroupwhenitwasraisedfrom18to21intheUS.(根據(jù)該政策，從2027年起，煙草法定銷售年齡將每年提高一歲。雖然提議的年齡增長(zhǎng)方法是新穎的，但我們知道提高購(gòu)買年齡是有效的。2007年，法定吸煙年齡從16歲提高到18歲，一年內(nèi)年輕人的吸煙率下降了30%。在美國(guó)，當(dāng)目標(biāo)年齡段從18歲提高到21歲時(shí)，這一比例下降了近40%)”可知，第三段主要用以往的數(shù)據(jù)證明了提高煙草購(gòu)買年齡是有效降低吸煙率的方法，也就是這個(gè)政策的好處。故選A?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thereareconcernsamongsomethatthenewpolicycoulddriveanillegalmarket,buttheevidencedoesn’tbackthisup.(一些人擔(dān)心，新政策可能會(huì)催生一個(gè)非法市場(chǎng)，但沒有證據(jù)支持這種說(shuō)法)”可知，有些人擔(dān)心新政策會(huì)催生非法買賣煙草的市場(chǎng)。故選D。【11題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Onlinesalesmayalsopresenttheirowndifficultyasthenewpolicyesintoforce,withdigitalretailers(零售商)havingresponsibilitytocheckontheageofcustomersremotely.(隨著新政策的實(shí)施，網(wǎng)上銷售也可能出現(xiàn)自己的困難，因?yàn)閿?shù)字零售商有責(zé)任遠(yuǎn)程查看客戶的年齡)”可知，新政策實(shí)施后，網(wǎng)上煙草銷售將面臨新的挑戰(zhàn)，因?yàn)樗麄円獙?duì)網(wǎng)上買煙的用戶進(jìn)行在線年齡驗(yàn)證，以確保買煙的人在合法購(gòu)買煙草的年齡范圍內(nèi)。故選B。DAroundandaroundtheygo—dogsareoftenseenchasing(追逐)theirtails.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthisbehavior,aswellaswaystothwartit.Puppiesandyoungerdogsmaysimplychasetheirowntailsforfun.Puppies,especially,maynotyetrealizetheirtailsareactuallypartoftheirownbodies.Boredommaybeanotherreason,especiallywhendogsareleftaloneforalongtime.“Anytimeadogisnotenrichedorexercisedfully,theyhavethepotentialtobebored,”RussellHartstein,adogbehavioralconsultantsaid.Forthesedogs,asimplesolutionmaybetoplayfetchortakeawalk.Mostdogswouldratherchaseaballthantheirowntails.Anotherreasondogsmaychasetheirtailsistoseekattention.Adog’sownermayhaverewardedthisbehaviorbylaughingorpraisingit.Evenblamingadogfortailchasingmaydrawattentionthatenhancesthisbehavior.Tocontroltailchasing,ignorethebehaviorwhileotherwisesupplyingthedogwithahealthyamountofattention.Unluckily,anumberofphysicaldiseasesarelinkedwithtailchasing.Aninjurytothetail,itching;orreactiontosomefoodmaycausedogstobiteorchasetheirtails.Ifdogssuddenlystartchasingorbitingtheirtails,theownersshouldscheduleavisitwiththeirvet.“Interestingly,wefoundthatdogsthatreceiveddietarysupplements(補(bǔ)充劑),especiallyvitaminsandminerals,expressedlesstailchasingparedtodogsthatdidnotreceiveanysupplements,”Hartsteinsaid.“Inaddition,paredwithdogsthatdidn’tchasetheirtails,tailchaserswereoftenshyerandhadseparatedearlierfromtheirmothers.”Ifadogisotherwisehealthy,“practicingdogtrainingandengagingtheirmentalandemotionalaspectsoftheirliveswillhelpstoptailchasing,”Hartsteinsaid.“There’snoharmintrainingmorewithyourdogandmakingsuretheyarefulfilledandenrichedineverywaypossible.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thwart”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Punish. B.Record. C.Convey. D.Handle.13.Whatcanbelearnedaboutdog’schasingitstailfromPara.5?A.Itisanormalsceneforfun. B.Itisanindicationoflackingexercise.C.Itisasignofaproblem. D.Itisabehaviorofseekingattention.14.WhatmaybeHartstein’ssuggestion?A.Practicingdogtrainingatthevet’s. B.Encouragingdogstochasetailstorelax.C.Givingdogsasmallnumberofvitamins. D.Gettingpuppiesindependentasearlyaspossible.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyDoDogsChaseTheirTails? B.CanDogsmunicatebyTails?C.WhatFunctionsDoDogTailsHave? D.DoesEveryDogLikeChasingItsTail?【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了狗喜歡追逐自己尾巴的原因以及能夠改善這種行為的建議?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Aroundandaroundtheygo—dogsareoftenseenchasing(追逐)theirtails.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthisbehavior,aswellaswaysto

thwartit.(它們一圈又一圈地跑——人們經(jīng)常看到狗追逐它們的尾巴。這種行為有幾個(gè)可能的原因，以及

thwart它的方法。)”、第三段中的“Forthesedogs,asimplesolutionmaybetoplayfetchortakeawalk.(對(duì)于這些狗來(lái)說(shuō)，一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的解決辦法可能是玩接球游戲或散步。)”以及最后一段中“Ifadogisotherwisehealthy,“practicingdogtrainingandengagingtheirmentalandemotionalaspectsoftheirliveswillhelpstoptailchasing,”Hartsteinsaid.“There’snoharmintrainingmorewithyourdogandmakingsuretheyarefulfilledandenrichedineverywaypossible.”(如果一只狗在其他方面都很健康，‘對(duì)狗進(jìn)行訓(xùn)練，讓它們的精神和情感方面都參與進(jìn)來(lái)，將有助于阻止追逐尾巴?！厮固拐f(shuō)，‘多和你的狗一起訓(xùn)練，確保它們?cè)诟鱾€(gè)方面都得到滿足和充實(shí)，這是沒有壞處的?！?”可知，本文介紹了狗追逐自己尾巴的原因以及相應(yīng)的解決方法，因此推斷劃線詞thwart意思是“解決，應(yīng)對(duì)”，與Handle表達(dá)意思一致。故選D。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Unluckily,anumberofphysicaldiseasesarelinkedwithtailchasing.Aninjurytothetail,itching;orreactiontosomefoodmaycausedogstobiteorchasetheirtails.Ifdogssuddenlystartchasingorbitingtheirtails,theownersshouldscheduleavisitwiththeirvet.(不幸的是，許多身體疾病都與追逐尾巴有關(guān)。傷了尾巴，癢了；或者對(duì)某些食物的反應(yīng)可能導(dǎo)致狗咬或追逐它們的尾巴。如果狗突然開始追逐或咬尾巴，主人應(yīng)該安排去看獸醫(yī))”可知，狗追逐自己的尾巴可能是它們自身存在一些疾病或問題的表現(xiàn)。故選C。【14題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Interestingly,wefoundthatdogsthatreceiveddietarysupplements(補(bǔ)充劑),especiallyvitaminsandminerals,expressedlesstailchasingparedtodogsthatdidnotreceiveanysupplements,”Hartsteinsaid.“Inaddition,paredwithdogsthatdidn’tchasetheirtails,tailchaserswereoftenshyerandhadseparatedearlierfromtheirmothers.”(哈特斯坦說(shuō)：‘有趣的是，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，與沒有服用任何補(bǔ)充劑的狗相比，服用膳食補(bǔ)充劑，尤其是維生素和礦物質(zhì)的狗，追尾巴的行為更少。此外，與不追逐尾巴的狗相比，追逐尾巴的狗通常更害羞，而且更早與母親分離?！?”可知，Hartstein可能會(huì)建議平時(shí)給狗補(bǔ)充一些維生素。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Aroundandaroundtheygo—dogsareoftenseenchasing(追逐)theirtails.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthisbehavior,aswellaswaystothwartit.(到處都可以看到狗狗追逐著自己的尾巴。這種行為有幾個(gè)可能的原因，以及阻止它的方法)”結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，文章圍繞狗追逐自己尾巴的現(xiàn)象展開，分析了可能出現(xiàn)這種行為的原因，并介紹了能夠改善這種現(xiàn)象相關(guān)的建議；A選項(xiàng)“狗為什么追逐尾巴？”能夠概括文章主旨，可以作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Afewusefulsketching(素描)tipscanoftengeneraterewardingresults.Ifyouareabeginner,youshouldfindsomethingusefulfromthetipsbelow.Knowyourpencils.Havingtherightpenciltobegindrawingyourpencilsketchisoneofthemostessentialsketchingtips.Pencilsdifferinlead(鉛筆芯).___16___:“B”pencilsaresofter,“H”areharder,and“HB”sitsinthemiddle.ItisremendedtostartsomewhereontheHscaleasafoundationandthenfinishwiththedarkerBscale.___17___.Ifyoupositionyourhandclosertotheendofthepencil,youhavemorecontrolandprecision,butdarkermarkings.Gripping(握)furtherupthepencilwillgiveyoulesscontrolandprecision,butlightermarkings.Varyyourlines.Notalllinesareequal.Smallshiftsinthewidthanddarknessofyourlineswillcreateadynamicdrawing.___18___.However,withpracticeyouwillbeabletocreateavarietyofmarksthatworktogethertomakeanimpressiveimage.Experimentwithdifferentpencilgradesandwithholdingthepencilatdifferentangles.Applythe70/30ruleinyoursketching.___19___!The70/30rulehelpsyoucreateeffectivepositions.Theideaisthat30percentofyoursketchisfilledwiththemainfocusanddetail,andtheremaining70percentisfiller.Thislessinterestingareahelpsdirectattentiontowardsthemainsubjectofyourartwork.Trydifferentmarkmakingmethods.Thereareplentyofsketchingtipsandtechniquestohelpyouachievedifferentstylesandeffects.___20___.A.TakecontrolofyourpencilB.ChoosetherightlengthofthepencilC.Actually,suchdrawingsareveryeasytoproduceD.OneofthemostvitalsketchingtipsisthatlesscanbemoreE.ThehardnessoftheleadisindicatedonthesideofthepencilF.It’ssignificanttoexperimentandfindwhatworksbestforyouG.Controllingthekindofmarkyouputdowncanbetrickyatfirst【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要說(shuō)明了一些素描的技巧和方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)后文““B”pencilsaresofter,“H”areharder,and“HB”sitsinthemiddle.ItisremendedtostartsomewhereontheHscaleasafoundationandthenfinishwiththedarkerBscale.(“B”鉛筆較軟，“H”鉛筆較硬，“HB”鉛筆位于中間。建議從H刻度的某處開始作為基礎(chǔ)，然后以較暗的B刻度結(jié)束)”可知，后文主要講述素描筆的不同軟硬型號(hào)，故E選項(xiàng)“鉛筆芯的硬度寫在鉛筆的側(cè)面”符合語(yǔ)境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Ifyoupositionyourhandclosertotheendofthepencil,youhavemorecontrolandprecision,butdarkermarkings.Gripping(握)furtherupthepencilwillgiveyoulesscontrolandprecision,butlightermarkings.(如果你的手靠近鉛筆的末端，你就能更好地控制和精確，但標(biāo)記會(huì)更暗。握得越緊，鉛筆的控制力和精確度就越低，但標(biāo)記會(huì)越輕)”可知，本段大意是在講述怎么樣握筆。故A選項(xiàng)“拿好你的鉛筆”符合語(yǔ)境，故選A?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Varyyourlines.Notalllinesareequal.Smallshiftsinthewidthanddarknessofyourlineswillcreateadynamicdrawing.(變換你的線條。不是所有的線都是相等的。線條的寬度和暗度的小變化將創(chuàng)建一個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)的繪圖)”以及后文“However,withpracticeyouwillbeabletocreateavarietyofmarksthatworktogethertomakeanimpressiveimage.Experimentwithdifferentpencilgradesandwithholdingthepencilatdifferentangles.(然而，通過練習(xí)，你將能夠創(chuàng)造出各種各樣的標(biāo)記，共同創(chuàng)造出令人印象深刻的圖像。嘗試用不同等級(jí)的鉛筆，用不同的角度拿鉛筆)”可知，本段大意是在講怎樣練習(xí)畫線條，后文提到通過練習(xí)可以提高技能。故G選項(xiàng)“一開始，控制你寫下的標(biāo)記可能會(huì)很棘手”符合語(yǔ)境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Applythe70/30ruleinyoursketching.(在你的草圖中應(yīng)用70/30法則)”以及后文“The70/30rulehelpsyoucreateeffectivepositions.Theideaisthat30percentofyoursketchisfilledwiththemainfocusanddetail,andtheremaining70percentisfiller.Thislessinterestingareahelpsdirectattentiontowardsthemainsubjectofyourartwork.(70/30法則可以幫助你創(chuàng)建有效的構(gòu)圖。這個(gè)想法是，你的草圖30%是由主要焦點(diǎn)和細(xì)節(jié)填充的，剩下的70%是填充的。這個(gè)不太有趣的區(qū)域有助于將注意力引向你的藝術(shù)作品的主要主題)”可知，本段大意是在講述一個(gè)素描繪畫技巧，后文則給出這個(gè)技巧就是70/30法則。故D選項(xiàng)“最重要的一個(gè)素描技巧是少即是多”符合語(yǔ)境，故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Trydifferentmarkmakingmethods.Thereareplentyofsketchingtipsandtechniquestohelpyouachievedifferentstylesandeffects.(嘗試不同的標(biāo)記方法。有很多素描技巧和技巧可以幫助你實(shí)現(xiàn)不同的風(fēng)格和效果)”可知，本段大意是在講述有許多的繪畫方法，因此要找到一個(gè)適合自己的素描方法。故F選項(xiàng)“嘗試并找到最適合你的方法是很重要的”符合語(yǔ)境，故選F。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Acrow(烏鴉)becamerabbits’friend.ItallbeganwhenAndrewSilverwoodheardofahelpless___21___crowlyinginjuredonabusyroad.Without___22___,Andrewdecidedtobeginacrowrescuemission,knowingthatthebird’schanceofsurvivalwas___23___insuchabusystreet.Upon___24___thelocation,Andrewfoundthebabybirdhadfallenfromhisnest.Inmostsituations,thebest___25___forthebabybirdwouldbetoreturntheanimaltohisnest.However,asthenestsathighuponatree,Andrewhadnomeansof___26___thebirdwithhisfamily.Besides,thecrowhadabrokenleg,whichwouldrequire___27___fortheanimaltosurvive.Thenhetookthecrowhome.TheSilverwoods___28___intendedtoprovidecareforthecrowuntilhecouldbereleasedbackintothewild.However,fatehad___29___plansinstoreforthecrow,asAndrewsoonfoundtherewasanunexpected___30___betweenthecrowandhisrabbits.Thepetrabbitsweledthecrowintotheircage,leadingtoaheartwarmingandunconventional___31___.Asdaysturnedintoweeks,thecrow___32___therabbitfamily.Surprisingly,thecrowtookonthecharacteristicsofhisrabbitpanions.Despitetheirdifferences,thislittlecrow,hishumanparents,andhisrabbitfriends___33___happily.Theirheartwarmingtalesserveasagentle___34___thateverylivingbeingdeservesloveandcare,regardlessoftheir___35___.21.A.beautiful B.clever C.young D.perfect22.A.doubt B.difficulty C.hesitation D.permission23.A.slim B.possible C.optimistic D.acceptable24.A.seeing B.searching C.knowing D.reaching25.A.opportunity B.option C.place D.performance26.A.reuniting B.matching C.paring D.stimulating27.A.food B.fort C.guidance D.care28.A.objectively B.initially C.continuously D.occasionally29.A.realistic B.vital C.different D.specific30.A.bond B.balance C.issue D.result31.A.assignment B.friendship C.reputation D.exhibition32.A.tookover B.madeup C.stoodfor D.integratedinto33.A.discuss B.work C.coexist D.cooperate34.A.warning B.reminder C.model D.bridge35.A.petence B.talent C.size D.species【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)男子救下受傷小烏鴉，本欲康復(fù)放歸自然，不料烏鴉與家養(yǎng)兔子建立深厚友誼，共同生活，展現(xiàn)跨物種溫情共處，提醒人們每種生命都值得關(guān)愛?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)安德魯·西爾弗伍德聽說(shuō)一只無(wú)助的幼小烏鴉受傷躺在繁忙的道路上時(shí)，故事開始了。A.beautiful美麗的；B.clever聰明的；C.young幼小的；D.perfect完美的。根據(jù)下文“Andrewfoundthebabybirdhadfallenfromhisnest”可知，一只幼鳥從鳥巢中掉落。所以此處表示一只無(wú)助的幼小烏鴉受傷躺在繁忙的道路上。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：安德魯毫不猶豫地決定開始營(yíng)救烏鴉的任務(wù)，因?yàn)樗涝谶@條繁忙的街道上，這只鳥的生存機(jī)會(huì)很小。A.doubt懷疑；B.difficulty困難；C.hesitation猶豫；D.permission允許。根據(jù)下文“Andrewdecidedtobeginacrowrescuemission,knowingthatthebird’schanceofsurvivalwas___3___

insuchabusystreet.”可知，男子知道幼鳥在在這條繁忙的街道上生存的幾率很小，所以他毫不猶豫的決定去救這只小鳥。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：安德魯毫不猶豫地決定開始營(yíng)救烏鴉的任務(wù)，因?yàn)樗涝谶@條繁忙的街道上，這只鳥的生存機(jī)會(huì)很小。A.slim微小的；B.possible可能的；C.optimistic樂觀的；D.acceptable可接受的。根據(jù)空后“insuchabusystreet”以及常識(shí)可知，受傷的幼鳥在繁忙的街道上存活的幾率很小。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：到達(dá)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)，安德魯發(fā)現(xiàn)幼鳥從巢中掉落。A.seeing看見；B.searching搜索；C.knowing知道；D.reaching到達(dá)，伸手夠到。根據(jù)下文“Andrewfoundthebabybirdhadfallenfromhisnest”可知，男子發(fā)現(xiàn)了幼鳥掉落的地方，說(shuō)明他到達(dá)了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)情況下，對(duì)于幼鳥來(lái)說(shuō)，最好的選擇就是把它送回巢里。A.opportunity機(jī)會(huì)；B.option選擇；C.place地點(diǎn)；D.performance表演，表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空后“forthebabybirdwouldbetoreturntheanimaltohisnest”可知，對(duì)于幼鳥來(lái)說(shuō)，把它送回巢里是最好的選擇。故選B?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，由于鳥巢高高地掛在樹上，安德魯沒有辦法讓鳥兒與它的家人團(tuán)聚。A.reuniting重聚；B.matching匹配；C.paring比較；D.stimulating刺激。根據(jù)上文“thebest___5___

forthebabybirdwouldbetoreturntheanimaltohisnest”可知，男子決定把幼鳥送回巢里，這就意味著他想讓鳥兒和家人團(tuán)聚，但是樹太高，他沒法把幼鳥送回巢里。故選A。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，烏鴉腿斷了，為了生存它需要得到照顧。于是他把烏鴉帶回了家。A.food食物；B.fort舒適；C.guidance指導(dǎo)；D.care照顧。根據(jù)上文“thecrowhadabrokenleg”可知，幼鳥的腿斷了，所以需要照料。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，西爾弗伍德一家打算照顧烏鴉直到它可以被放歸野外。A.objectively客觀地；B.initially最初；C.continuously不斷地；D.occasionally偶爾。根據(jù)下文“However,fatehad___9___plansinstoreforthecrow,asAndrewsoonfoundtherewasanunexpected___10___

betweenthecrowandhisrabbits.”可知，最初，男子打算把幼鳥照