江西省2023-2024學年高二下學期4月期中英語試題

高二英語試卷試卷共8頁，67小題，滿分150分?？荚囉脮r120分鐘。注意事項：1.考查范圍：選擇性必修第一冊～選擇性必修第三冊Unit4。2.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號等填寫在答題卡指定位置上。3.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4.考生必須保持答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，請將答題卡交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時，先將答案標在試卷上，錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.1.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedislikestakingtests.B.Sheremembersmanyverbs.C.ShehastroublewithSpanish.2.HowdoesTomfeel?A.Regretful.B.Hopeful.C.Satisfied.3.Whatistheman?A.Ateacher.B.Apasserby.C.Apoliceman.4.Whattimeisitnow?A.5:00pm.B.6:00pm.C.7:00pm.5.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?A.Takemorerest.B.Takemoreworkout.C.Eatdinnerregularly.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomanlikeinherchildhood?A.Asoldierdoll.B.Amodelcar.C.Games.7.Whatisthemangoodat?A.Makingdolls.B.Buildingcastles.C.PlayingActionHeroes.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8.Whydoesthewomanwanttoreturnthesweater?A.Itisofpoorquality.B.Itdoesn'tfitherwell.C.Shetookitatahigherprice.9.Whatdoesthemanagreetodoatfirst?A.Bendtherulesforthewoman.B.Exchangethewoman'ssweater.C.Letthewomanchooseadifferentone.10.Whatwillhappennext?A.Thewomanwillgethermoneyback.B.Thewomanwillchoosealargersize.C.Thewomanwilltryadifferentstyle.聽第8段材料，回答第11至13題。11.Whywasthewomanannoyed?A.Themanignoredher.B.Themanspoketoherrudely.C.Themandidn'tordercoffeeforher.12Whatisthepossiblerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Coworkers.B.Wifeandhusband.C.Friends.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?ATurnoffhisphone.B.Meetwithafriend.C.Sendaquickmessage.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.Whydoestheman'sheartbeatwildly?A.Heisveryexcited.B.Heisalittlescared.C.Heissufferingaheartattack.15.Whatdoesthemantakewithhim?A.Bottledwater.B.Apples.C.Cigarettes.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inasupermarket.B.Atastation.C.Atanairport.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakertalkingabout?A.Acity.B.Auniversity.C.Atrip.18.WhyisthespeakerfamiliarwithPrague?A.Hespenthisuniversitylifethere.B.Heoncelivedthereforfivedays.C.Heoncereadaboutitatuniversity.19.WhatdidthespeakerdoinPrague?A.Helearnedtomakebiscuits.B.Hehadhisoldhouserepaired.C.Hetastedmanydifferentfoods.20.Fromwheredidthespeakerseethebabystatues?A.PetrinHill.B.TheTVTower.C.CharlesBridge.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AFREEONLINEFIRSTAIDCOURSEWeletoouronlinefirstaidcourse.Anyonecantakethistrainingonlineandlearnmoreaboutlifesavingfirstaid.Weprovidethisfirstaidtrainingfornocharge.Simplyworkyourwaythroughouronlinefirstaidmodules(模塊)below.Youmustbeloggedin(登錄)toaccessthecoursematerial.Ifyoudon’thaveanaccount,thenpleaseregister.BasiconlinefirstaidcourseBelowarethemodulesforouronlinefirstaidcourse.Youdonothavetotaketheminaspecificorder.However,ifyouaretotallynewtofirstaid,itmayhelptostartatthebeginning.Attheendofeachmodulethereisafirstaidtestwhereyoucantestyourknowledge.Onceyou’vepletedallthemodules,youcandownloadafreefirstaidcertificate(證書).Module1IntroductiontoFirstAidModule2TheUnconsciousVictimModule3BleedingandShock.Module4BurnsPleaseremembertomarkallthemodulesaspletedotherwiseyouwillnotbeabletodownloadyourbasicfirstaidcertificate.Modulesmarkedaspletedwillhaveagreenticknexttothemabove.Advancedonlinefirstaidcoursepletedtheabovecourse?Whynotcheckoutournewfreeonlineadvancedfirstaidcourse?Thiscoursewillbuilduponthetrainingandcontentinthebasicfirstaidcourseaboveandwillhelpfurtheryourknowledgeontopicssuchas:*Medicalconditions*Minorinjuries*Patientassessment*Clinicalobservations*TherolesandresponsibilitiesofafirstaiderAsalways,youwillreceiveafreefirstaidcertificateonceyoupletetheadvancedcourse.1.Whatisamusttolearnthisonlinecourse?A.Offeringasmallfeeforthetraining. B.Havinganaccountonthiswebsite.C.Learningthecourseintherequiredorder. D.Takingafirstaidtestbeforethecourse.2.Whichmoduleprovidesknowledgeaboutbloodynose?A.Module1. B.Module2. C.Module3. D.Module4.3.Whatcanweknowabouttheadvancedonlinefirstaidcourse?A.Itprovidesapaidcertificateofhonor.B.Itisintendedforprofessionalmedicalworkers.C.Itteachespeoplehowtojudgepatients’condition.D.Ithasnothingtodowithbasicfirstaidknowledge.【答案】1.B2.C3.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了一個免費在線急救課程的情況?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Youmustbeloggedin(登錄)toaccessthecoursematerial.Ifyoudon’thaveanaccount,thenpleaseregister.(你必須登錄才能訪問課程材料。如果你沒有賬戶，請注冊)”可知，參與學習的人們需要注冊賬號并登錄才可以學習；由此可知，學習這門在線課程必須在這個網(wǎng)站上有一個帳戶。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)表格中的“Module3BleedingandShock(模塊3出血和休克)”可知，Module3提供關于出血和休克的知識；由此可知，Module3提供有關流鼻血的知識。故選C。【3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Advancedonlinefirstaidcourse”下文中“*Patientassessment(病情評估)”可知，高級在線急救課程教會人們?nèi)绾闻袛嗖∪说牟∏椤９蔬xC。BSixyearoldAmarLalwasneverconcernedwithwhatyear,month,weekordayitwas.Hisroutinewasthesame.Everymorningthefamilywouldpacktheirbelongingsandmovefromquarry(采石場)toquarry,wheretheybeganaday’swork.Asthecoloursoftheskychangedfrombluetoorangetoblack,thefamilywouldbreakstones.Needlesstosay,schoolwasadistantdreamaswaspermanenthousing.Butonedayin2001,Lal’sdestinychangedwhenNobelPrizewinnerKailashSatyarthipaidavisittothequarry.Recallingthefatefuldayin2001whenSatyarthiwasconductingagatheringinhisvillage—aneducationmarchpartofthe“SaveChildhoodMovement”—LalsaysSatyarthispottedhimcarryingheavystones.Ashortconversationlater,SatyarthihadconvincedLal’sparentsthattheirchildwasmeantforgreaterthings.“IvividlyrecallSatyarthiaskingmyparentswhetherIwenttoschool.Butnotmyparents,grandparentsorevengreatgrandparentshadeverbeentoschool.Theylookedathimwithapuzzledlookbecauseanomadic(游牧的)lifestylewastheonlyoneweknew.Workwasallweweretaughttodo,”the27yearoldlawyerLalshares.Hisparentswereinterestedbythis“angel”whoassuredthemthatabetterworldlayoutsidethisquarry—aworldwheretheirchildrencouldplay,laughandlearn.TheydecidedtotrustSatyarthi.Andseveraldayslater,LalwenttoSatyarthi’scentreforchildren.ThusbeganLal’ssecondchapteroflife.“MyeducationatSatyarthi’scentretaughtmethatchildlabourisaseriousproblemandchildrenaroundIndiaaresubjectedtocrueltyunderthebannerof‘work’.IwasreallygratefulthatIwasgivenachanceatanewlifewhichthousandsofchildrendreamedof.Iwantedtogiveotherchildrenthesame.”SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.4.HowwasLal’slifebeforemeetingSatyarthi?A.Heworkedasalabourer. B.Heledafortablelife.C.Hewasabusedinthefamily. D.Helikedtoobservethesky.5.WhoisSatyarthimostlikelytobe?A.Anadvocateforchildren’srights. B.Anownerofabigquarry.C.ANobelPrizewinnerinmedicine. D.Anexpertinchildren’sbehavior.6.HowmightLal’sparentsreacttoSatyarthi’squestion?A.Theyfeltannoyed. B.Theywereconfused.C.Theyfeltunhappy. D.Theyweredisappointed.7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeLal?A.Gratefulandgenerous. B.Reliableanddetermined.C.Ambitiousandmodest. D.Luckyandresponsible.【答案】4.A5.A6.B7.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了幼小的 AmarLal在采石場干活時幸運地遇到“拯救童年運動”的倡導者KailashSatyarthi，從此開始了新的生活并在長大后同Satyarthi一起對兒童進行救援行動?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Everymorningthefamilywouldpacktheirbelongingsandmovefromquarry(采石場)toquarry,wheretheybeganaday’swork.(每天早上，這家人都會收拾好行李，從一個采石場搬到另一個采石場，開始一天的工作)”可知，Lal每天和家人一起在采石場做苦工。故選A。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Recallingthefatefuldayin2001whenSatyarthiwasconductingagatheringinhisvillage—aneducationmarchpartofthe“SaveChildhoodMovement”—LalsaysSatyarthispottedhimcarryingheavystones.(Lal回憶起2001年那個災難性的日子，當時Satyarthi正在他的村子里組織一場集會——“拯救童年運動”的一部分教育游行——拉爾說，Satyarthi發(fā)現(xiàn)他扛著沉重的石頭)”以及最后一段“SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.(自從Lal于2018年以律師身份畢業(yè)以來，他一直與Satyarthi一起處理案件和實際援助，反過來又給更多的孩子帶來希望)”可推知，Satyarthi最有可能是反童工運動的活動家，兒童權益的倡導者。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段““IvividlyrecallSatyarthiaskingmyparentswhetherIwenttoschool.Butnotmyparents,grandparentsorevengreatgrandparentshadeverbeentoschool.Theylookedathimwithapuzzledlookbecauseanomadic(游牧的)lifestylewastheonlyoneweknew.Workwasallweweretaughttodo,”the27yearoldlawyerLalshares.(“我清楚地記得Satyarthi提問我父母我是否上學。但我的父母、祖父母甚至曾祖父母都沒有上過學。他們不解地看著他，因為我們只知道游牧的生活方式。工作是我們唯一被教導要做的事情，”27歲的律師Lal分享道)”可推知，當Satyarthi問到他們的孩子是否上學時，Lal的父母是感到困惑的。故選B。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“IwasreallygratefulthatIwasgivenachanceatanewlifewhichthousandsofchildrendreamedof.Iwantedtogiveotherchildrenthesame.(我真的很感激，我得到了一個機會，開始成千上萬的孩子夢想的新生活。我想給其他孩子同樣的東西)”以及最后一段“SinceLalgraduatedasalawyerin2018,hehasbeenworkingwithSatyarthioncasesandpracticalassistance,andinturn,givinghopetomanymorechildren.(自從Lal于2018年以律師身份畢業(yè)以來，他一直與Satyarthi一起處理案件和實際援助，反過來又給更多的孩子帶來希望)”可知，Lal認為自己是幸運的，而且他大學畢業(yè)后積極幫助救援更多的兒童，由此判斷他也是有社會責任感的。故選D。CTobaccoruinslives,leadingtoover400,000hospitaladmissionsayear,andultimatelykillstwointhreelifetimesmokers.Overtheingweeks,MPs(議員)willdebatenewlawstocreatea“smokefreegeneration”,meaningnoonebornonorafter1January,2009,canbelegallysoldacigarette.ThisisatrulytransformativepieceofpublichealthpolicythatcouldseeanendtotobaccouseinEngland.Thepolicywillseethelegalageforbeingsoldtobaccorisebyoneyeareachyearfrom2027.Whiletheproposedageincreaseapproachisnovel,weknowthatraisingtheageofpurchasingworks.Smokingratesdroppedby30percentamongyoungpeoplewithinayearwhenthelegalageincreasedfrom16to18in2007.Thedropwascloserto40percentamongthetargetagegroupwhenitwasraisedfrom18to21intheUS.Thereareconcernsamongsomethatthenewpolicycoulddriveanillegalmarket,buttheevidencedoesn’tbackthisup.Since2000theillegalmarketfortobaccohasdeclinedfrom22percentto11percentdespiteraisingtheageofpurchasingto18,banningsmokinginpublicplaces,introducingplainpackaging,andcontinuedpricerises.Furthermore,thefocusofthepolicyistopreventpeopletakingupsmoking—noonewhocancurrentlybuytobaccowillbeunabletodoso—makingitunlikelytherewillbeanincreaseddemandforillegaltobacco.Onlinesalesmayalsopresenttheirowndifficultyasthenewpolicyesintoforce,withdigitalretailers(零售商)havingresponsibilitytocheckontheageofcustomersremotely.Thegovernmentispromising“enhancingonlineageverification(驗證)”butitwouldbefarsimplertobanonlinetobaccosalesaltogether,asremendedinarecentindependentgovernmentreview.8.Whowillberestrictedbythenewpolicy?A.Heavysmokers. B.Cigarettesellers.C.Thetobaccogrowers. D.Thetobaccoadvertisers.9.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph3?A.Thebenefitofthepolicy. B.Thenoveltyofthepolicy.C.Thetargetpeopleofthepolicy. D.Thecontentofthepolicy.10.Whatdosomepeopleworryabout?A.Thepriceoftobaccowillgoup. B.Morepeoplewillpickupsmoking.C.Thetaxfromtobaccomaydecrease. D.Theillegaltobaccomarketswillboom.11.Whatwillhappentoonlinetobaccosaleswiththenewpolicyineffect?A.Itwillencounterresistance. B.Itwillfaceanewchallenge.C.Itwillhavesimplifiedprocess. D.Itwillmakemoreprofits.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了英國議會制定的一項有關煙草使用的新法律，這項法律規(guī)定煙草商不能向2009年1月1日或之后出生的人出售香煙。8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Overtheingweeks,MPs(議員)willdebatenewlawstocreatea“smokefreegeneration”,meaningnoonebornonorafter1January,2009,canbelegallysoldacigarette.(在接下來的幾周內(nèi)，議員們將討論創(chuàng)造“無煙一代”的新法律，這意味著2009年1月1日或之后出生的人都不能合法出售香煙)”可知，新的法律規(guī)定了煙草不能賣給2009年及之后出生的青少年，所以被新政策限制的是煙草銷售商。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Thepolicywillseethelegalageforbeingsoldtobaccorisebyoneyeareachyearfrom2027.Whiletheproposedageincreaseapproachisnovel,weknowthatraisingtheageofpurchasingworks.Smokingratesdroppedby30percentamongyoungpeoplewithinayearwhenthelegalageincreasedfrom16to18in2007.Thedropwascloserto40percentamongthetargetagegroupwhenitwasraisedfrom18to21intheUS.(根據(jù)該政策，從2027年起，煙草法定銷售年齡將每年提高一歲。雖然提議的年齡增長方法是新穎的，但我們知道提高購買年齡是有效的。2007年，法定吸煙年齡從16歲提高到18歲，一年內(nèi)年輕人的吸煙率下降了30%。在美國，當目標年齡段從18歲提高到21歲時，這一比例下降了近40%)”可知，第三段主要用以往的數(shù)據(jù)證明了提高煙草購買年齡是有效降低吸煙率的方法，也就是這個政策的好處。故選A。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Thereareconcernsamongsomethatthenewpolicycoulddriveanillegalmarket,buttheevidencedoesn’tbackthisup.(一些人擔心，新政策可能會催生一個非法市場，但沒有證據(jù)支持這種說法)”可知，有些人擔心新政策會催生非法買賣煙草的市場。故選D?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Onlinesalesmayalsopresenttheirowndifficultyasthenewpolicyesintoforce,withdigitalretailers(零售商)havingresponsibilitytocheckontheageofcustomersremotely.(隨著新政策的實施，網(wǎng)上銷售也可能出現(xiàn)自己的困難，因為數(shù)字零售商有責任遠程查看客戶的年齡)”可知，新政策實施后，網(wǎng)上煙草銷售將面臨新的挑戰(zhàn)，因為他們要對網(wǎng)上買煙的用戶進行在線年齡驗證，以確保買煙的人在合法購買煙草的年齡范圍內(nèi)。故選B。DAroundandaroundtheygo—dogsareoftenseenchasing(追逐)theirtails.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthisbehavior,aswellaswaystothwartit.Puppiesandyoungerdogsmaysimplychasetheirowntailsforfun.Puppies,especially,maynotyetrealizetheirtailsareactuallypartoftheirownbodies.Boredommaybeanotherreason,especiallywhendogsareleftaloneforalongtime.“Anytimeadogisnotenrichedorexercisedfully,theyhavethepotentialtobebored,”RussellHartstein,adogbehavioralconsultantsaid.Forthesedogs,asimplesolutionmaybetoplayfetchortakeawalk.Mostdogswouldratherchaseaballthantheirowntails.Anotherreasondogsmaychasetheirtailsistoseekattention.Adog’sownermayhaverewardedthisbehaviorbylaughingorpraisingit.Evenblamingadogfortailchasingmaydrawattentionthatenhancesthisbehavior.Tocontroltailchasing,ignorethebehaviorwhileotherwisesupplyingthedogwithahealthyamountofattention.Unluckily,anumberofphysicaldiseasesarelinkedwithtailchasing.Aninjurytothetail,itching;orreactiontosomefoodmaycausedogstobiteorchasetheirtails.Ifdogssuddenlystartchasingorbitingtheirtails,theownersshouldscheduleavisitwiththeirvet.“Interestingly,wefoundthatdogsthatreceiveddietarysupplements(補充劑),especiallyvitaminsandminerals,expressedlesstailchasingparedtodogsthatdidnotreceiveanysupplements,”Hartsteinsaid.“Inaddition,paredwithdogsthatdidn’tchasetheirtails,tailchaserswereoftenshyerandhadseparatedearlierfromtheirmothers.”Ifadogisotherwisehealthy,“practicingdogtrainingandengagingtheirmentalandemotionalaspectsoftheirliveswillhelpstoptailchasing,”Hartsteinsaid.“There’snoharmintrainingmorewithyourdogandmakingsuretheyarefulfilledandenrichedineverywaypossible.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thwart”inparagraph1probablymean?A.Punish. B.Record. C.Convey. D.Handle.13.Whatcanbelearnedaboutdog’schasingitstailfromPara.5?A.Itisanormalsceneforfun. B.Itisanindicationoflackingexercise.C.Itisasignofaproblem. D.Itisabehaviorofseekingattention.14.WhatmaybeHartstein’ssuggestion?A.Practicingdogtrainingatthevet’s. B.Encouragingdogstochasetailstorelax.C.Givingdogsasmallnumberofvitamins. D.Gettingpuppiesindependentasearlyaspossible.15.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.WhyDoDogsChaseTheirTails? B.CanDogsmunicatebyTails?C.WhatFunctionsDoDogTailsHave? D.DoesEveryDogLikeChasingItsTail?【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了狗喜歡追逐自己尾巴的原因以及能夠改善這種行為的建議?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Aroundandaroundtheygo—dogsareoftenseenchasing(追逐)theirtails.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthisbehavior,aswellaswaysto

thwartit.(它們一圈又一圈地跑——人們經(jīng)常看到狗追逐它們的尾巴。這種行為有幾個可能的原因，以及

thwart它的方法。)”、第三段中的“Forthesedogs,asimplesolutionmaybetoplayfetchortakeawalk.(對于這些狗來說，一個簡單的解決辦法可能是玩接球游戲或散步。)”以及最后一段中“Ifadogisotherwisehealthy,“practicingdogtrainingandengagingtheirmentalandemotionalaspectsoftheirliveswillhelpstoptailchasing,”Hartsteinsaid.“There’snoharmintrainingmorewithyourdogandmakingsuretheyarefulfilledandenrichedineverywaypossible.”(如果一只狗在其他方面都很健康，‘對狗進行訓練，讓它們的精神和情感方面都參與進來，將有助于阻止追逐尾巴?！厮固拐f，‘多和你的狗一起訓練，確保它們在各個方面都得到滿足和充實，這是沒有壞處的。’)”可知，本文介紹了狗追逐自己尾巴的原因以及相應的解決方法，因此推斷劃線詞thwart意思是“解決，應對”，與Handle表達意思一致。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Unluckily,anumberofphysicaldiseasesarelinkedwithtailchasing.Aninjurytothetail,itching;orreactiontosomefoodmaycausedogstobiteorchasetheirtails.Ifdogssuddenlystartchasingorbitingtheirtails,theownersshouldscheduleavisitwiththeirvet.(不幸的是，許多身體疾病都與追逐尾巴有關。傷了尾巴，癢了；或者對某些食物的反應可能導致狗咬或追逐它們的尾巴。如果狗突然開始追逐或咬尾巴，主人應該安排去看獸醫(yī))”可知，狗追逐自己的尾巴可能是它們自身存在一些疾病或問題的表現(xiàn)。故選C?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段““Interestingly,wefoundthatdogsthatreceiveddietarysupplements(補充劑),especiallyvitaminsandminerals,expressedlesstailchasingparedtodogsthatdidnotreceiveanysupplements,”Hartsteinsaid.“Inaddition,paredwithdogsthatdidn’tchasetheirtails,tailchaserswereoftenshyerandhadseparatedearlierfromtheirmothers.”(哈特斯坦說：‘有趣的是，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)，與沒有服用任何補充劑的狗相比，服用膳食補充劑，尤其是維生素和礦物質(zhì)的狗，追尾巴的行為更少。此外，與不追逐尾巴的狗相比，追逐尾巴的狗通常更害羞，而且更早與母親分離?！?”可知，Hartstein可能會建議平時給狗補充一些維生素。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Aroundandaroundtheygo—dogsareoftenseenchasing(追逐)theirtails.Thereareseveralpossiblereasonsforthisbehavior,aswellaswaystothwartit.(到處都可以看到狗狗追逐著自己的尾巴。這種行為有幾個可能的原因，以及阻止它的方法)”結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，文章圍繞狗追逐自己尾巴的現(xiàn)象展開，分析了可能出現(xiàn)這種行為的原因，并介紹了能夠改善這種現(xiàn)象相關的建議；A選項“狗為什么追逐尾巴？”能夠概括文章主旨，可以作為最佳標題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Afewusefulsketching(素描)tipscanoftengeneraterewardingresults.Ifyouareabeginner,youshouldfindsomethingusefulfromthetipsbelow.Knowyourpencils.Havingtherightpenciltobegindrawingyourpencilsketchisoneofthemostessentialsketchingtips.Pencilsdifferinlead(鉛筆芯).___16___:“B”pencilsaresofter,“H”areharder,and“HB”sitsinthemiddle.ItisremendedtostartsomewhereontheHscaleasafoundationandthenfinishwiththedarkerBscale.___17___.Ifyoupositionyourhandclosertotheendofthepencil,youhavemorecontrolandprecision,butdarkermarkings.Gripping(握)furtherupthepencilwillgiveyoulesscontrolandprecision,butlightermarkings.Varyyourlines.Notalllinesareequal.Smallshiftsinthewidthanddarknessofyourlineswillcreateadynamicdrawing.___18___.However,withpracticeyouwillbeabletocreateavarietyofmarksthatworktogethertomakeanimpressiveimage.Experimentwithdifferentpencilgradesandwithholdingthepencilatdifferentangles.Applythe70/30ruleinyoursketching.___19___!The70/30rulehelpsyoucreateeffectivepositions.Theideaisthat30percentofyoursketchisfilledwiththemainfocusanddetail,andtheremaining70percentisfiller.Thislessinterestingareahelpsdirectattentiontowardsthemainsubjectofyourartwork.Trydifferentmarkmakingmethods.Thereareplentyofsketchingtipsandtechniquestohelpyouachievedifferentstylesandeffects.___20___.A.TakecontrolofyourpencilB.ChoosetherightlengthofthepencilC.Actually,suchdrawingsareveryeasytoproduceD.OneofthemostvitalsketchingtipsisthatlesscanbemoreE.ThehardnessoftheleadisindicatedonthesideofthepencilF.It’ssignificanttoexperimentandfindwhatworksbestforyouG.Controllingthekindofmarkyouputdowncanbetrickyatfirst【答案】16.E17.A18.G19.D20.F【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些素描的技巧和方法。【16題詳解】根據(jù)后文““B”pencilsaresofter,“H”areharder,and“HB”sitsinthemiddle.ItisremendedtostartsomewhereontheHscaleasafoundationandthenfinishwiththedarkerBscale.(“B”鉛筆較軟，“H”鉛筆較硬，“HB”鉛筆位于中間。建議從H刻度的某處開始作為基礎，然后以較暗的B刻度結(jié)束)”可知，后文主要講述素描筆的不同軟硬型號，故E選項“鉛筆芯的硬度寫在鉛筆的側(cè)面”符合語境，故選E?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Ifyoupositionyourhandclosertotheendofthepencil,youhavemorecontrolandprecision,butdarkermarkings.Gripping(握)furtherupthepencilwillgiveyoulesscontrolandprecision,butlightermarkings.(如果你的手靠近鉛筆的末端，你就能更好地控制和精確，但標記會更暗。握得越緊，鉛筆的控制力和精確度就越低，但標記會越輕)”可知，本段大意是在講述怎么樣握筆。故A選項“拿好你的鉛筆”符合語境，故選A。【18題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Varyyourlines.Notalllinesareequal.Smallshiftsinthewidthanddarknessofyourlineswillcreateadynamicdrawing.(變換你的線條。不是所有的線都是相等的。線條的寬度和暗度的小變化將創(chuàng)建一個動態(tài)的繪圖)”以及后文“However,withpracticeyouwillbeabletocreateavarietyofmarksthatworktogethertomakeanimpressiveimage.Experimentwithdifferentpencilgradesandwithholdingthepencilatdifferentangles.(然而，通過練習，你將能夠創(chuàng)造出各種各樣的標記，共同創(chuàng)造出令人印象深刻的圖像。嘗試用不同等級的鉛筆，用不同的角度拿鉛筆)”可知，本段大意是在講怎樣練習畫線條，后文提到通過練習可以提高技能。故G選項“一開始，控制你寫下的標記可能會很棘手”符合語境，故選G?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Applythe70/30ruleinyoursketching.(在你的草圖中應用70/30法則)”以及后文“The70/30rulehelpsyoucreateeffectivepositions.Theideaisthat30percentofyoursketchisfilledwiththemainfocusanddetail,andtheremaining70percentisfiller.Thislessinterestingareahelpsdirectattentiontowardsthemainsubjectofyourartwork.(70/30法則可以幫助你創(chuàng)建有效的構圖。這個想法是，你的草圖30%是由主要焦點和細節(jié)填充的，剩下的70%是填充的。這個不太有趣的區(qū)域有助于將注意力引向你的藝術作品的主要主題)”可知，本段大意是在講述一個素描繪畫技巧，后文則給出這個技巧就是70/30法則。故D選項“最重要的一個素描技巧是少即是多”符合語境，故選D?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Trydifferentmarkmakingmethods.Thereareplentyofsketchingtipsandtechniquestohelpyouachievedifferentstylesandeffects.(嘗試不同的標記方法。有很多素描技巧和技巧可以幫助你實現(xiàn)不同的風格和效果)”可知，本段大意是在講述有許多的繪畫方法，因此要找到一個適合自己的素描方法。故F選項“嘗試并找到最適合你的方法是很重要的”符合語境，故選F。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Acrow(烏鴉)becamerabbits’friend.ItallbeganwhenAndrewSilverwoodheardofahelpless___21___crowlyinginjuredonabusyroad.Without___22___,Andrewdecidedtobeginacrowrescuemission,knowingthatthebird’schanceofsurvivalwas___23___insuchabusystreet.Upon___24___thelocation,Andrewfoundthebabybirdhadfallenfromhisnest.Inmostsituations,thebest___25___forthebabybirdwouldbetoreturntheanimaltohisnest.However,asthenestsathighuponatree,Andrewhadnomeansof___26___thebirdwithhisfamily.Besides,thecrowhadabrokenleg,whichwouldrequire___27___fortheanimaltosurvive.Thenhetookthecrowhome.TheSilverwoods___28___intendedtoprovidecareforthecrowuntilhecouldbereleasedbackintothewild.However,fatehad___29___plansinstoreforthecrow,asAndrewsoonfoundtherewasanunexpected___30___betweenthecrowandhisrabbits.Thepetrabbitsweledthecrowintotheircage,leadingtoaheartwarmingandunconventional___31___.Asdaysturnedintoweeks,thecrow___32___therabbitfamily.Surprisingly,thecrowtookonthecharacteristicsofhisrabbitpanions.Despitetheirdifferences,thislittlecrow,hishumanparents,andhisrabbitfriends___33___happily.Theirheartwarmingtalesserveasagentle___34___thateverylivingbeingdeservesloveandcare,regardlessoftheir___35___.21.A.beautiful B.clever C.young D.perfect22.A.doubt B.difficulty C.hesitation D.permission23.A.slim B.possible C.optimistic D.acceptable24.A.seeing B.searching C.knowing D.reaching25.A.opportunity B.option C.place D.performance26.A.reuniting B.matching C.paring D.stimulating27.A.food B.fort C.guidance D.care28.A.objectively B.initially C.continuously D.occasionally29.A.realistic B.vital C.different D.specific30.A.bond B.balance C.issue D.result31.A.assignment B.friendship C.reputation D.exhibition32.A.tookover B.madeup C.stoodfor D.integratedinto33.A.discuss B.work C.coexist D.cooperate34.A.warning B.reminder C.model D.bridge35.A.petence B.talent C.size D.species【答案】21.C22.C23.A24.D25.B26.A27.D28.B29.C30.A31.B32.D33.C34.B35.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了一個男子救下受傷小烏鴉，本欲康復放歸自然，不料烏鴉與家養(yǎng)兔子建立深厚友誼，共同生活，展現(xiàn)跨物種溫情共處，提醒人們每種生命都值得關愛?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當安德魯·西爾弗伍德聽說一只無助的幼小烏鴉受傷躺在繁忙的道路上時，故事開始了。A.beautiful美麗的；B.clever聰明的；C.young幼小的；D.perfect完美的。根據(jù)下文“Andrewfoundthebabybirdhadfallenfromhisnest”可知，一只幼鳥從鳥巢中掉落。所以此處表示一只無助的幼小烏鴉受傷躺在繁忙的道路上。故選C。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：安德魯毫不猶豫地決定開始營救烏鴉的任務，因為他知道在這條繁忙的街道上，這只鳥的生存機會很小。A.doubt懷疑；B.difficulty困難；C.hesitation猶豫；D.permission允許。根據(jù)下文“Andrewdecidedtobeginacrowrescuemission,knowingthatthebird’schanceofsurvivalwas___3___

insuchabusystreet.”可知，男子知道幼鳥在在這條繁忙的街道上生存的幾率很小，所以他毫不猶豫的決定去救這只小鳥。故選C。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：安德魯毫不猶豫地決定開始營救烏鴉的任務，因為他知道在這條繁忙的街道上，這只鳥的生存機會很小。A.slim微小的；B.possible可能的；C.optimistic樂觀的；D.acceptable可接受的。根據(jù)空后“insuchabusystreet”以及常識可知，受傷的幼鳥在繁忙的街道上存活的幾率很小。故選A。【24題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：到達現(xiàn)場，安德魯發(fā)現(xiàn)幼鳥從巢中掉落。A.seeing看見；B.searching搜索；C.knowing知道；D.reaching到達，伸手夠到。根據(jù)下文“Andrewfoundthebabybirdhadfallenfromhisnest”可知，男子發(fā)現(xiàn)了幼鳥掉落的地方，說明他到達了現(xiàn)場。故選D?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在大多數(shù)情況下，對于幼鳥來說，最好的選擇就是把它送回巢里。A.opportunity機會；B.option選擇；C.place地點；D.performance表演，表現(xiàn)。根據(jù)空后“forthebabybirdwouldbetoreturntheanimaltohisnest”可知，對于幼鳥來說，把它送回巢里是最好的選擇。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，由于鳥巢高高地掛在樹上，安德魯沒有辦法讓鳥兒與它的家人團聚。A.reuniting重聚；B.matching匹配；C.paring比較；D.stimulating刺激。根據(jù)上文“thebest___5___

forthebabybirdwouldbetoreturntheanimaltohisnest”可知，男子決定把幼鳥送回巢里，這就意味著他想讓鳥兒和家人團聚，但是樹太高，他沒法把幼鳥送回巢里。故選A。【27題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，烏鴉腿斷了，為了生存它需要得到照顧。于是他把烏鴉帶回了家。A.food食物；B.fort舒適；C.guidance指導；D.care照顧。根據(jù)上文“thecrowhadabrokenleg”可知，幼鳥的腿斷了，所以需要照料。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：起初，西爾弗伍德一家打算照顧烏鴉直到它可以被放歸野外。A.objectively客觀地；B.initially最初；C.continuously不斷地；D.occasionally偶爾。根據(jù)下文“However,fatehad___9___plansinstoreforthecrow,asAndrewsoonfoundtherewasanunexpected___10___

betweenthecrowandhisrabbits.”可知，最初，男子打算把幼鳥照