浙江省金蘭教育合作組織2023-2024學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期4月期中英語試題

2023～2024學(xué)年第二學(xué)期浙江金蘭教育合作組織高一年級期中考試英語考生須知：1.本卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘；2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級、姓名、考場、座位號及準(zhǔn)考證號并核對條形碼信息；3.所有答案必須寫在答題卷上，寫在試卷上無效，考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題卷；4.參加聯(lián)批學(xué)校的學(xué)生可關(guān)注“啟望教育”公眾號查詢個人成績分析。選擇題部分第一部分：聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Cleanthefloor.B.Putupanotice.C.Offerthewomanfreecoffee.2.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Buynewpencils.B.Goforahike.C.Giveuppaintingthistime.3.Whatdoesthemanaskthewomantodo?A.Bookaseat.B.Takesomefood.C.Havearest.4.WhyisLisamentioned?A.Sheprovidedinformationforthewoman.B.Sheisinchargeoftheproject.C.Shewillseekpermissionfromamanager.5.Howdoesthewomanprobablygettoworknow?A.Bysubway.B.Bybus.C.Byebike.第二節(jié)(共15小題，每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthewomanfindithardtodolastnight?A.Fixthewalls.B.Singasong.C.Gotosleep.7.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Neighbors.B.Husbandandwife.C.Friends.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Wheredidthemanputhisbikelastnight?A.Insidethehouse.B.Behindthehouse.C.Besideatree.9.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthepolice?A.They’reoccupied.B.They’recareless.C.They’reconsiderate.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whatadvicedoesthewomangivetotheman?A.Listeningcarefullyinclass.B.Visitingtheschool’swebsite.C.Makingaparison.11.Whodoesthewomanthinkwillwinthepetition?A.Mr.Alban.B.Mr.Norris.C.Mr.Wolf.12.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Awebsite.B.Aschool.C.Theteachers.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inahospital.B.Inanoffice.C.Athome.14.Whatcanwesayaboutthewoman’slife?A.It’sextremelybusy.B.It’squitenormal.C.It’sabithard.15.Whatshouldthewomandoaccordingtotheman?A.Changeherlifestyle.B.Havesometests.C.Getmorerest.16.Howdoesthewomansoundattheendoftheconversation?A.Concerned.B.Relaxed.C.Surprised.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthespeakerdoing?A.Makinganannouncement.B.Deliveringaspeech.C.Holdingapressconference.18.Howmanyhourswilltheworklasteachday?A.Four.B.Five.C.Seven.19.Whatwilltheworkersdoonthethirdday?A.Cleantheparkinglot.B.Cutthetreebranches.C.Repairtheroadsurface.20.Whocantheresidentsturntowhentheyhavequestions?A.Linda.B.Mr.Johansen.C.Theworkers.第二部分：閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題，每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。AMusicisaninternationallanguage,spanningculturesacrosstheworld,and,infact,acrosstime.Lookingattoday’smusicallandscape,certaincitiestrulystandoutfortheirmusicscenes.Herewe’renamingsomeofourfavoritecitiesformusic.NashvilleWiththenickname“MusicCity”,Nashvillemakesourlistofbestmusiccities.You’reboundtohearlivemusicanywhere,whetheratyourhotelbar,oratthehistoricRymanAuditorium.NashvilleisnotonlyhometotheCountryMusicHallofFameandtheJohnnyCashMuseum,butit’sstillactiveintherecordingstudioscene.ViennaIfyou’reafterclassicalmusiconyournextvacation,besuretoheadtoVienna.OncethecapitaloftheHabsburgEmpire,thecitywasthecenterofallsocietalaffairswhichincludedmusic.Thegreatestclassicalposers—fromMozarttoHaydntoBeethoventoMahler—alllivedandworkedinViennaatonepointoranother.NewYorkNewYorkhasbeendescribedasa“meltingpot(熔爐)”ofcultures,andthatappliestoitsmusic,too.The20thcenturywasparticularlyfruitfulforNewYork’smusicscene.Duringthistime,itbecamethebirthplaceofhiphop,disco,andsalsamusic,amongotherstyles.Thelisttrulygoesonandon.NewOrleansThecityisfilledwithjazz,whereyoucanlistentothegreatmusiceverynight.Ofcourse,youcancatchjazzatvenuesacrosstown—thegenrewasbornhere,afterall.Ifyou’reahugejazzfan,youmightwanttoconsidervisitingduringtheannualNewOrleansJazz&HeritageFestival.1.Whichcityismoreattractivetovisitorswhowanttoknowtheclassicalmusicians?A.Nashville. B.Vienna. C.NewYork. D.NewOrleans.2.WhatisspecialaboutNewYorkasamusiccity?A.Itisameetingpointingforvariousstylesofmusic.B.ItisrecognizedasthebirthplaceandhotareaofJazz.C.Itholdsmusicalfestivalsforhippopanddiscofanseachyear.D.Itenablespeopletoenjoytheliveshowsinsideandoutsidehotelbars.3Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aposter. B.Anewsreport. C.Anencyclopedia. D.Amagazine.【答案】1.B2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹世界各地負(fù)有盛名的音樂之城，如納什維爾、維也納、紐約、新奧爾良?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Vienna部分中的“Thegreatestclassicalposers—fromMozarttoHaydntoBeethoventoMahler—alllivedandworkedinViennaatonepointoranother.(最偉大的古典作曲家——從莫扎特到海頓，從貝多芬到馬勒——都曾在維也納生活和工作過)”可知，許多偉大的古典音樂家曾在維也納生活并工作，游客可通過游覽該城市深入了解這些音樂家。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NewYork部分中的“NewYorkhasbeendescribedasa“meltingpot(熔爐)”ofcultures,andthatappliestoitsmusic,too.(紐約被描述為文化的“大熔爐”，這也適用于它的音樂)”可知，紐約作為一個音樂城市，它是各種音樂風(fēng)格的交匯點(diǎn)。故選A?！?題詳解】：推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段“Musicisaninternationallanguage,spanningculturesacrosstheworld,and,infact,acrosstime.Lookingattoday’smusicallandscape,certaincitiestrulystandoutfortheirmusicscenes.(音樂是一種國際語言，跨越了世界各地的文化，事實(shí)上，跨越了時間?？纯唇裉斓囊魳肪坝^，有些城市的音樂場景真的很突出)”以及通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹世界各地負(fù)有盛名的音樂之城，如納什維爾、維也納、紐約、新奧爾良，所以推知這篇文章最有可能來源于雜志專欄。故選D。BIliveinXizhouinYunnanProvince,onthehistoricTeaHorseRoad.IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.LastMay,ImetPaul.HetoldmethatitwashisfirsttimeinChina.Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.HespokeoftheShuYanduDao(theSouthernSilkRoad),thetravelsofthe17thcenturyChineseexplorerXuXiake,theTeaHorseRoadandtheearly20thcenturyAmericanbotanistJosephRock.HealsotalkedofXuanzang.PaulconsideredthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.IdecidedtoacpanyPaulonhiswalktowardYunnan.OnSeptember28,2021,wesetout.Ourdaysweresimple:walk,eat,sleep,andrepeat.Wewokeupatsunrise,setoffinhighspirits,andrestedatsunset,draggingourselvesintoexhaustedsleep.Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.Together,wewereimpressedbythebiodiversityoftheGaoligongMountains.AsIwalkedonancientpathsthroughmountains,Iseemedtoheartheantiquevoicesofpasttravelersurgingmetobecarefulontheroad.Lookingbackonthemorethan200milesIwalkedwithPaul,Icametoarealization.Walkingforitsownsake,whilehealthyandadmirable,isonlyasmallpartofthebenefitofmovingwithourfeet.Adeeperrewardisrediscoveringtheworldaroundus,shorteningthedistancebetweeneachother,andsharingeachother’scultures.4.HowdidthewriterfirstrespondtoPaul’stravelplan?A.Amused. B.Surprised. C.Confused. D.Fascinated.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutPaulSalopekfromparagraph2?A.Hewasawesternjournalist. B.Headmiredthosepeoplehementioned.C.HehadbeentoChinaseveraltimes. D.HemetJosephRockinperson.6.Whatdoesparagraph4tellusaboutthewriterandPaul?A.Theyhonoredtheancestors. B.Theylosttheirmindswhilewalking.C.Theysatisfiedthelocals’curiosity. D.Theybuiltbondswithpeople.7.WhichcanbestdescribePaulSalopek?A.Determinedandknowledgeable. B.Courageousandgenerous.C.Optimisticandcautious. D.Traditionalanddependable.【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者住在云南喜洲，在歷史悠久的茶馬古道上，遇到了要用雙腳環(huán)游地球的PaulSalopek，決定陪Paul去云南，描述了他們路上的見聞和感悟?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.”（我不得不承認(rèn)，當(dāng)我第一次聽說PaulSalopek要用自己的兩只腳走完整個地球時，我驚呆了。我無法想象世界上會有這樣一個不尋常的人。）可推知，作者最初對Paul的旅行計(jì)劃感到吃驚。故選B。【5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“PaulconsideredmanyofthemheroesandinasenseChinesepioneersofslowjournalism.”（保羅認(rèn)為他們中的許多人是英雄，在某種意義上是中國慢新聞的先驅(qū)。）可推知，PaulSalopek很欣賞這些人。故選B?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段的“Wemetmanypeopleontheroad.Somewerecurious,surroundingusandwatchingus;somegaveusdirections;someinvitedusintotheirhometotakearest;somespokeofthecharmoftheirhometown.Wemetmanybeautifulsouls,simplesoulsandwarmsouls.Wewerewalkingwithourminds.”（我們在路上遇到了很多人。有些人很好奇，圍在我們周圍看著我們；有些人給我們指路；有些人邀請我們到他們家里休息；一些人談到了他們家鄉(xiāng)的魅力。我們遇到了許多美麗的靈魂，簡單的靈魂和溫暖的靈魂。我們在用我們的意念行走。）可知，第四段主要說明了作者和Paul與人們建立了聯(lián)系。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“IhavetoadmitthatwhenIfirstheardthatPaulSalopekwasgoingtowalktheentireglobeonhisowntwofeet,Iwasblownaway.Icouldn’timaginethattherecouldbesuchanunusualpersonintheworld.”（我不得不承認(rèn)，當(dāng)我第一次聽說PaulSalopek要用自己的兩只腳走完整個地球時，我驚呆了。我無法想象世界上會有這樣一個不尋常的人。），可知PaulSalopek要用自己的兩只腳走完整個地球，可以得出他是一個determinedpeople（意志堅(jiān)定的人）；從第二段的“Hetalkedtomewithgreatexcitementaboutthehistory,migrations,anddiscoveriesinmyregionofChina.”（他非常興奮地和我談?wù)撐宜诘貐^(qū)的歷史、移民和發(fā)現(xiàn)。）可知，他是一個知識淵博的人。故選A。CTheJapanesegovernmentsaiditplannedtobeginthedischarge(排放)ofslightlyradioactivewastewaterfromtheFukushimaDaiichinuclearplantonThursday,rejectingcallsforadelayfromsomepeopleinneighboringcountries.AnearthquakeandtsunamiknockedoutpowerattheFukushimanuclearplantonMarch11,2011,causingmeltdownsatthreereactors.Tritium(氚)andcarbon14are,respectively,radioactiveformsofhydrogen(氫)andcarbon,andaredifficulttoseparatefromwater.Theyarewidelypresentinthenaturalenvironment,waterandeveninhumans,astheyareformedintheEarth’satmosphereandcanenterthewatercycle.Bothemitverylowlevelsofradiationbutcanposeariskifabsorbedinlargequantities.Waterwhichwasusedtocoolreactorcoresaswellasrainwaterandgroundwaterthatflowedintoorneartheplanthavebeencontaminatedwithradioactivesubstances.PlantoperatorTokyoElectricPower,orTepco,hasstoredthewaterinmorethan1,000tanksatthefacilitybutsaysitisrunningoutofroom.Tepcosaysitwillreducetheconcentration(濃度)ofnearlyallradioactivesubstancesinthewastewatertoasafelevelwiththeexceptionoftritium,anisotope(同位素)ofhydrogen.Thewaterwillthengetdiluted(稀釋)withseawatersotheconcentrationoftritiumisreducedtoasafelevelbeforethedischarge,accordingtoTepco.Asthewaterisdilutedfurtherintheocean,theconcentrationoftritiumwillalmostequalthenaturallevelby6milesfromthedischargepoint,whichisattheendofanunderseatunnelaboutsixtenthsofamilefromtheshoreline,aTepcoofficialsaid.Butthathasn’treassuredmanyofJapan’sneighbors,withofficialsfromChinaandthePacificIslandsvoicingalarmandoppositiontotheplan.Beijingwilltake“necessarymeasures”tosafeguardfoodsafetyanditspeople’shealth,saidChineseforeignministryspokespersonWangWenbinonTuesday,addingthey“stronglyurgetheJapanesesidetocorrectitswrongfuldecision”.Meanwhile,fishingmunitiesinJapanandSouthKoreaworrythewastewaterreleasecouldmeantheendoftheirlivelihoods—withconsumersacrosstheregionalreadybeginningtoquitseafoodfromJapananditsnearbywaters,andsomegovernmentsevenbanningimportedfoodfrompartsofJapan,includingFukushima.8.Themeltdownsatthreereactorswerecausedby________.A.thegreenhouseeffect B.humanbehaviourC.climatechange D.naturaldisasters9.Theunderlinedword“contaminated”inparagraph2isclosestinmeaningto“________”.A.purified B.reduced C.polluted D.operated10.WhichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtoTepco?A.Morethan1,000tanksatthefacilitycanstorealltheradioactivewastewater.BTheconcentrationofallradioactivesubstanceswillbereducedtoasafelevel.C.Thedischargewon’taffectthecoastalresidentssincethedischargepointisabout0.6milesoffshore.D.Theconcentrationoftritiumwillbenearlyatthenaturallevelafterbeingdilutedfurtherintheocean.11.ThedischargewasopposedbysomecountriesandmunitiesinJapanandSouthKoreabecause________.A.peopleintheseareascouldn’tmakeaprofitinthefutureB.itwouldthreatenpeople’sphysicalhealthandlivelihoodsC.itwouldbemoredifficulttoimportfoodfrompartsofJapanD.thelocalseafoodwouldbeunaffordableforpeopleintheseareas【答案】8.D9.C10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了近期日本政府將福島第一核電站的核污水排放至太平洋的正式計(jì)劃，對自然與人類的影響及周邊地區(qū)的反應(yīng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的第二段中“AnearthquakeandtsunamiknockedoutpowerattheFukushimanuclearplantonMarch11,2011,causingmeltdownsatthreereactors.(2011年3月11日，福島核電站發(fā)生地震和海嘯，導(dǎo)致三座反應(yīng)堆熔毀)”可知，地震和海嘯摧毀了福島核電站的電力，導(dǎo)致三個反應(yīng)堆熔毀，屬于自然災(zāi)害。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“Bothemitverylowlevelsofradiationbutcanposeariskifconsumedinlargequantities.(兩者都發(fā)出非常低的輻射水平，但如果大量食用可能會造成風(fēng)險)”及“Waterwhichwasusedtocoolreactorcoresaswellasrainwaterandgroundwaterthatflowedintoorneartheplanthavebeencontaminatedwithradioactivesubstances.(用于冷卻反應(yīng)堆堆芯的水以及流入或附近的雨水和地下水已被放射性物質(zhì)……)”可知，大量攝入有輻射的氚和碳14元素是有風(fēng)險的，因此附近的水會收到放射性元素的“污染”，劃線單詞contaminated意為“污染”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中“Asthewaterisdilutedfurtherintheocean,theconcentrationoftritiumwillalmostequalthenaturallevelby6milesfromthedischargepoint,whichisattheendofanunderseatunnelaboutsixtenthsofamilefromtheshoreline,aTepcoofficialsaid.(東京電力公司的一位官員說，隨著水在海洋中的進(jìn)一步稀釋，氚的濃度幾乎等于自然水平6英里，距離排放點(diǎn)位于距離海岸線約十分之六英里的海底隧道的盡頭)”可知，隨著海水在海洋中進(jìn)一步稀釋，氚的濃度將與自然水平難以區(qū)分。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Beijingwilltake“necessarymeasures”tosafeguardfoodsafetyanditspeople’shealth,saidChineseforeignministryspokespersonWangWenbinonTuesday,addingthey“stronglyurgetheJapanesesidetocorrectitswrongfuldecision”.(中國外交部發(fā)言人汪文斌周二表示，北京將采取“必要措施”保障食品安全和人民健康，并補(bǔ)充說他們“強(qiáng)烈敦促日方糾正其錯誤決定”)”可知，核污水的排放會威脅到食品安全、身體健康以及居民的生計(jì)。故選B項(xiàng)。DTherankingofuniversitiesandcollegesatthenationalgloballevelisawellknowndoubtfulpractice.Imperfectapproachesgenerateinaccurateresultsoftheseinstitutions.Nowadays,prestigious(有威望的)lawandmedicalschoolshavestartedtowalkawayfromthis“evaluation”.Therearetwoobviousmethodologicalproblemswithallofthis.Oneisthatthenumericalrankingssufferfromfalseprecision.IstherereallyadifferencebetweenNo.10andNo.11intheundergraduate(本科生)schoolrankings?JohnsHopkinsUniversityfamouslyhadaplancalled“10by20”withthegoalofgettingtoNo.10by2020.Hopkinsisagreatundergraduateinstitution—whetherit’sNo.10orNo.11ismeaningless,butitdidindeedmakeitintothetop10aheadofschedule,whichnodoubtdelighteditstrusteesandstudents.Theothermethodologicalproblemisthatrankingsrewardthoseschoolsthatpromotemeasurementsbyadmittingstudentswhohavehadtheadvantagesofbetterprecollegeeducationandtestpreparationcoaching,andwhosewealthwillmakethemlikelyfuturedonors.Equallyworthyapplicantswithoutsuchresourceswillfailtoentertheschools.Thegoodnewsisthatinrecentmonths,areckoning(清算)hasbegun.LastSeptember,ColumbiaUniversitychosenottoparticipateintheundergraduaterankingsafteranenterprisingprofessordiscoveredthattheschoolwasfudgingitsownnumbers.IfColumbia’sdatawerecorrected,itwoulddropfromNo.2toNo.18.Twomonthslater,lawschoolsbeganpushingback.YaleandHarvardLawSchoolsannouncedthattheywouldrefusetoprovidedatatoU.S.News,andseveraloutstandinglawschoolsfollowedsuit.Thisresistancetorankingshasnowbegunintheworldofscience.Thisisagreatsign.Inannouncingitsdecision,thedeanofWashingtonUniversity’smedicalschoolsaid,“…itistimetostopparticipatinginasystemthatdoesnotserveourstudentsortheirfuturepatients.”12.WhydoestheauthormentionJohnsHopkinsUniversity?A.Toshareanexperience. B.Togivespecificexample.C.Tomakeadetailedparison. D.Toillustrateaplicatedconcept.13.WhydidColumbiaUniversitychoosenottoparticipateintheundergraduaterankings?A.Itsdatawasnotbasedonfacts.B.Itwasleftbehindbyotheruniversities.C.Itdidn’tthinkthesystemservedtheirstudents.D.Otheruniversitieschosetorefusetoparticipateintherankings.14.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardstherankings?A.Objective. B.Indifferent. C.Supportive. D.Opposed.15.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.ResistancetoEducationalRankingsB.TheRankingofUniversitiesandCollegesC.EducationalRankings:ScientificorImperfectD.ReasonsforUniversities’RefusalofRankings【答案】12.B13.A14.D15.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了近期全球范圍內(nèi)許多大學(xué)和學(xué)院反對教育排名的做法。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章的第二段中“IstherereallyadifferencebetweenNo.10andNo.11intheundergraduateschoolrankings?JohnsHopkinsUniversityfamouslyhadaplancalled“10by20”withthegoalofgettingtoNo.10by2020.”（在本科學(xué)院排名中，第10名和第11名真的有區(qū)別嗎？約翰霍普金斯大學(xué)有一個著名的“10到20”計(jì)劃，目標(biāo)是到2020年達(dá)到世界第10位。）可推知，霍普金斯大學(xué)的“10到20”計(jì)劃是為了證明第10名和第11名區(qū)別意義不大，為前文觀點(diǎn)提供具體的事例。故選B?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中“ColumbiaUniversitychosenottoparticipateintheundergraduaterankingsafteranenterprisingprofessordiscoveredthattheschoolwasfudgingitsownnumbers.”（哥倫比亞大學(xué)(ColumbiaUniversity)選擇不參加本科排名，原因是一位有魄力的教授發(fā)現(xiàn)該校偽造自己的數(shù)據(jù)。）可知，哥倫比亞大學(xué)選擇不參加本科排名是因?yàn)樗臄?shù)據(jù)并非基于事實(shí)。故選A?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“Thisresistancetorankingshasnowbegunintheworldofscience.Thisisagreatsign.”（這種對排名的抵制現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在科學(xué)界開始了。這是一個很好的跡象。）可知，作者認(rèn)為這種對排名的反抗是一個很好的跡象。由此可推知，作者對排名的態(tài)度是反對的。故選D。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文以及第一段“Therankingofuniversitiesandcollegesatthenationalgloballevelisawellknowndoubtfulpractice.Imperfectapproachesgenerateinaccurateresultsoftheseinstitutions.Nowadays,prestigious(有威望的)lawandmedicalschoolshavestartedtowalkawayfromthis“evaluation”.”（在國家和全球范圍內(nèi)對大學(xué)和學(xué)院進(jìn)行排名是一個眾所周知的令人懷疑的做法。不完善的方法導(dǎo)致這些機(jī)構(gòu)的結(jié)果不準(zhǔn)確。如今，著名的法學(xué)院和醫(yī)學(xué)院已經(jīng)開始遠(yuǎn)離這種“評估”。）可知，本文介紹了對大學(xué)和學(xué)院進(jìn)行排名的兩大問題以及近幾個月來部分學(xué)校反對排名的具體行動。故文章最好的標(biāo)題是“對教育排名的抵制”。故選A。第二節(jié)(共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。SeeingtheGoodinOthersManyinteractionsthesedayshaveakindofbumpercar(碰碰車)qualitytothem.Atwork,athome,onthetelephone,orviaemail,webounceoffeachotherwhileweexchangeinformation,smileorfrown,andmoveon.___16___Infact,we’remostlikelytonoticethebadqualitiesinothersratherthanthegoodones.Unfortunately,ifyoufeelsurroundedbylotsofbadqualitiesinothers,younaturallyfeellesssupported,lesssafe,andlesslikelytobegenerousorpursueyourdreams.Plus,itfunctionsoppositely.___17___Butactually,seeingthegoodinothersisasimplewaytofeelhappierandmoreconfident.Belowaresomeusefulsuggestionsforyou.Slowdown.Stepoutofthebumpercarandspendafewmomentsbeingcuriousaboutthegoodqualitiesintheotherperson.___18___Instead,youareopeningyoureyes,takingofftheglassesofthenegativitybias,andseeingwhatthefactsreallyare.Seepositiveintentions.Recently,Iwasatthedentist’s,andherassistanttoldmealongstoryaboutherelectricpany.Mymouthwasfullofcottonwads,andIdidn’tfeelinterested.ButthenIstartednoticingherunderlyingaims:toputmeatease,fillthetimeuntilshecouldpullthecottonout,andconnectwitheachotheraspeople.___19___Goingthroughschool,IroutinelypickedlastforteamsinPE.Then,inmyfirstyearatUCLA,Igaveintramuraltouchfootballatry.Wehadagreatquarterback(四分衛(wèi))whowastoosmallforcollegefootball.Afteronepractice,hetoldmeinpassing,“You’regood,andI’mgoingtothrowtoyou.”Iwassurprised.ButthiswasthebeginningofmyrealizationthatIwasactuallyquiteagoodathlete.Hisrecognitionalsomademeplaybetter,whichhelpedourteam.Seepositivecharactertraits.Unlessyou’resurroundedbydeadbeatsandsociopaths,everyoneyouknowmusthavemanyvirtues,suchasdetermination,generosity,kindness,patience,energy,grit,honesty,fairness,orpassion.Takeamomenttoobservevirtuesinothers.___20___A.Seeabilities.B.Cooperatewithothers.C.Youarenotlookingthroughsmogcoloredglasses.D.You,too,havepositiveintentions,realabilities,andvirtuesofmindandheart.E.Howoftendoweactuallytaketheextrafewsecondstoseeothers’goodqualities?F.Youcouldalsomakealistofvirtuesinkeypeopleinyourlife—eveninpeoplewhoarechallengingforyou.G.Whenanotherpersonfeelsthatyoudon’treallyseemuchthat’sgoodinhimorher,thatpersonislesslikelytotakethetimetoseemuchthat’sgoodinyou.【答案】16.E17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了看到別人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)能帶來的好處。【16題詳解】分析可知，前文“Atwork,athome,onthetelephone,orviaemail,webounceoffeachotherwhileweexchangeinformation,smileorfrown,andmoveon.(在工作中，在家里，在中，或通過電子郵件，我們在交換信息時，微笑或皺眉，然后繼續(xù)前進(jìn)。)”提到人與人之間的短暫互動。后文“Infact,we’remostlikelytonoticethebadqualitiesinothersratherthanthegoodones.(事實(shí)上，我們最容易注意到別人的壞品質(zhì)，而不是好品質(zhì)。)”提到了新的話題“注意人的品質(zhì)”，由此推知，中間缺一個過渡句。選項(xiàng)E“Howoftendoweactuallytaketheextrafewsecondstoseeothers’goodqualities?(我們有多少次會多花幾秒鐘去了解別人的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)？)”提到了“了解別人的優(yōu)秀品質(zhì)”，與后文在話題上可銜接，同時句中的“extrafewseconds(額外的幾秒鐘)”與前文的短暫互動相對比，前后銜接緊密。故選E項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】前文“Plus,itfunctionsoppositely.(另外，它的作用是反向的。)”提到了“反向作用”，由此推知，設(shè)空句應(yīng)講述如何發(fā)揮反向作用。選項(xiàng)G“Whenanotherpersonfeelsthatyoudon’treallyseemuchthat’sgoodinhimorher,thatpersonislesslikelytotakethetimetoseemuchthat’sgoodinyou.(當(dāng)另一個人覺得你沒有真正看到他或她的優(yōu)點(diǎn)時，那個人就不太可能花時間去看到你的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。)”具體解釋了“反向作用”，即，“你如何待人，人如何待你”，與前文呼應(yīng)。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】前文“Stepoutofthebumpercarandspendafewmomentsbeingcuriousaboutthegoodqualitiesintheotherperson.(走出碰碰車，花點(diǎn)時間好奇對方身上的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。)”提到“花時間觀察對方的優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，那么設(shè)空句應(yīng)講述如何觀察。選項(xiàng)C“Youarenotlookingthroughsmogcoloredglasses.(你不是帶著有色眼鏡看世界。)”提到“不能戴著有色眼鏡看世界，看他人”可看作為觀察他人的方式，且“smogcoloredglasses(有色眼鏡)”與后文“theglassesofthenegativitybias(消極偏見的眼鏡)”呼應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】設(shè)空句為該段小標(biāo)題，應(yīng)是主旨中心內(nèi)容。根據(jù)該段末尾的總結(jié)“Afteronepractice,hetoldmeinpassing,‘You’regood,andI’mgoingtothrowtoyou.’Iwassurprised.ButthiswasthebeginningofmyrealizationthatIwasactuallyquiteagoodathlete.Hisrecognitionalsomademeplaybetter,whichhelpedourteam.(一次練習(xí)后，他順便對我說：“你很棒，我要把球扔給你?！蔽液荏@訝。但這是我開始意識到我其實(shí)是一個很好的運(yùn)動員。他的認(rèn)可也讓我打得更好，這對我們的球隊(duì)有幫助。)”可知，在本段作者以自己親身經(jīng)歷為例，強(qiáng)調(diào)“看到他人能力”的意義。選項(xiàng)A“Seeabilities.(看到能力。)”概括了該段內(nèi)容。故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】前文“Takeamomenttoobservevirtuesinothers.(花點(diǎn)時間觀察別人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。)”提到“觀察別人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，那么設(shè)空句應(yīng)繼續(xù)講述觀察到之后還可以做什么。選項(xiàng)F“Youcouldalsomakealistofvirtuesinkeypeopleinyourlife—eveninpeoplewhoarechallengingforyou.(你也可以列出你生活中關(guān)鍵人物的優(yōu)點(diǎn)，甚至是那些對你有挑戰(zhàn)性的人。)”講到“可以列舉出別人的優(yōu)點(diǎn)”，是進(jìn)一步的做法，同時“also”與前文構(gòu)成并列遞進(jìn)關(guān)系，前后銜接緊密。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下列短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Iwalkedthroughthemarketfordiapers(紙尿布),thethingweneededthemost;theywerethefirstthingI___21___.Myoneyearoldson,whowasadmiringeverythingontheshelveswithhismouthopenandeyeswide,waspretty___22___aboutanything.Suddenly,hepointedatabunchofbananasand___23___.“Nanas!”Ipulledoutmywalletonlytofindthelonelybills:afiveandtwoones,withnocoins.Ifthebananasdidn’tweightoomuch,Ihadjustenoughcashto___24___thecost.Otherwise,Ihadtowriteanothercheque.Istill___25___thebananas,happytoseethesmileonmyson’sface.Hetriedtoopenone,butItoldhim,“Notyet,”andhewaitedpatiently.Thetotal___26___cameto$7.87.Igavethecashierthesevendollarsincashandstartedwritinga___27___fortheonlyeightysevencents.Itwashard,andalittle___28___.Itwasalreadyhalfwaywritten,whilea___29___came.“Don’tworry.”Ilookedupattheladywhoreached____30____outofherpurseandhandedittothecashier.“I’vegotsome____31____.”Tryingmybestto____32____tears,Isaid,“Thankyousomuch.”I’llneverforgetthatday,____33____thebeautifulwomanshowedmewhatreal____34____was,thekindofgivingwithlovebehindit.AndI,____35____,willdothesame.WheneverIhavechangeandanyoneinfrontofmeinlineisinneed,Imakesuretodigintomypurseandprovide.21.A.pickedout B.gaveout C.workedout D.turnedout22A.confused B.alarmed C.curious D.disappointed23.A.announced B.argued C.roared D.cried24.A.cover B.measure C.charge D.cut25.A.bought B.grabbed C.removed D.refused26.A.quality B.debt C.amount D.balance27.A.note B.message C.recipe D.cheque28.A.embarrassing B.puzzling C.inspiring D.surprising29.A.sound B.noise C.voice D.yell30.A.change B.reward C.discount D.award31.A.spending B.extra C.budget D.donation32.A.gothrough B.burstinto C.takein D.holdback33.A.but B.since C.yet D.though34.A.treatment B.benefit C.effect D.charity35A.infact B.inparticular C.inturn D.incase【答案】21.A22.C23.D24.A25.B26.C27.D28.A29.C30.A31.B32.D33.B34.D35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了一個母親帶著她一歲的兒子去購買尿布的經(jīng)歷。她只有一些零錢和幾張紙幣，看到兒子指著香蕉要求買，她決定用這些零錢購買。但是總金額為7.87美元，她只給了7美元現(xiàn)金，剩下的0.87美元需要寫支票支付。就在她尷尬地寫支票時，一位慷慨的女士幫助她支付了剩下的金額。母親非常感激，并發(fā)誓以后也會向需要幫助的人伸出援手?！?1題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我穿過市場買尿布，這是我們最需要的東西；它們是我挑出來的第一件東西。A.pickedout挑選；B.gaveout分發(fā)；C.workedout解決，計(jì)算出；D.turnedout證明出，結(jié)果是。根據(jù)上文“Iwalkedthroughthemarketfordiapers,thethingweneededthemost”提到作者穿過市場買尿布，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示這些是作者挑出來的第一件東西。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一歲的兒子張大嘴巴，睜大眼睛，欣賞著貨架上的一切，對任何事情都很好奇。A.confused困惑的；B.alarmed擔(dān)憂的；C.curious好奇的；D.disappointed失望的。根據(jù)上文“whowasadmiringeverythingontheshelveswithhismouthopenandeyeswide”提到一歲的兒子張大嘴巴，睜大眼睛，由此可知，此處應(yīng)表示他對任何事情都很好奇。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：突然，他指著一串香蕉大叫了起來。A.announced宣布；B.argued爭論；C.roared咆哮；D.cried大聲喊叫。根據(jù)上文提到的兒子對任何事情都很好奇結(jié)合語境可知，此處應(yīng)表示一歲的兒子指著一串香蕉大叫了起來。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：如果香蕉不太重話，我的現(xiàn)金剛好夠支付費(fèi)用。A.cover支付；B.measure衡量；C.charge要價，充電；D.cut砍，切。根據(jù)上文“Ifthebananasdidn’tweightoomuch”提到如果香蕉不太重的話，可知，此處應(yīng)表示作者的現(xiàn)金剛好夠支付費(fèi)用。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我還是抓著香蕉，開心地看著兒子臉上的笑容。A.bought買；B.grabbed抓著；C.removed移除；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)語境以及下文“happytoseethesmileonmyson’sface.”由