江蘇省南京市2023-2024學年高三上冊10月月考英語試題1（附答案）

江蘇省南京市2023-2024學年高三上學期10月月考英語試題第二部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ABABYSITTER●Sex:female.●Agedmorethan50,atleastfromseniorhighschool.●Richexperienceoflookingafterchildren.●Applyto:Jobcenter,SogoStreet,NO.18,Colton.PART-TIMEDRIVERSWANTED●Cleandrivinglicense.●Mustbeofsmartappearance.●Agedover23.●Applyto:CapesTaxi,17PalaceRoad,Colton.AIRHOSTESSES●SouthernAirlinesrequireairhostessesforinternationalflights.●Applicantsmustbebetween20and33yearsold,height1.60mto1.75m,educationtoGCSEstandard,twolanguages,abletoswim.●Applyto:RecruitmentOfficer,SouthernAirlines,HeathrowAirportWest,HR37KK.MENNURSESNEEDED●Forprivatehospitals.●Education:（Atleast）fromNursingSchool.●Workingexperience:unnecessary.●Applyto:ThePersonnelofBearHospital,279CanalStreet,Colton.21.WhatpreventsMary,aged52,becomingababysitter?A.Sheneverreceivesanyeducation.B.Shecan’tspeakJapaneseverywell.C.Shehasneverworkedasanursebefore.D.Sheoncebrokeatrafficlawandwaspunished.22.Asanexperiencedtaxidriver,whyisJackrejectedasapart-timedriver?A.Heisaged32.B.Heisnotcleverenough.C.Hehasbeenfinedforspeeding.D.Hecannotspeakaforeignlanguage.23.Ben,aged21andfondofswimminganddriving,hasjustearnedadegreeinnursing.Whichjobmightbegiventohim?A.DrivingforCapesTaxis.B.NursinginBearHospital.C.WorkingforSouthernAirlines.D.Noneofthethreementionedabove.BWhenmyfatherdied,oneofthetasksthatfelltomewastosortthroughanddecidewhichobjectstosaveandwhichtothrowaway.NowIlookattheobjectsofmylifeasifIweredead,wondering,whatwillmychildrendowiththehumanskull（顱骨）thatsitsonthebookcase?They’vebeenwantingtothrowitoutforsomeyears,butwilltheyknowhowmuchcanbelearnedfromlivingwithaskull?AndIknowtheywillthrowthewhiteplasticheadofahorseonmydeskintoarubbishbagwithoutathought,neverknowingthatitistheonlypieceremainingfromthefirstchesssetIowned.Itismeatagetwelve.Butthefinaldecisionsarelefttothosewhoknowusleast—ourchildren.Iwastheclosesttomyfatherandknewhimwell;however,onlywhenIwasgoingthroughhisstudydidIlearnhehadcollectedpicturepostcardsofhotels.WhatwasItodowithalltheobjectsthathadbeenhim?Thesadpartofmewantedtoputeverythinginmycarandtakeithome.Therationalwon,however,andIfilledrubbishbagswitholdnewpers,magazines,apologizingtohisspiritasIdid.Icouldnotthrowoutthethousandsofpictureshehadtakenonhistravels.Ibroughtthepictureshome,thoughIwillneverlookatthem.Ibroughttwelveboxesofmyfatherhome.Ilookattheobjectsthataremylifeandtheonlywaymychildrencansatisfymeisbynottouchingathing.ButtheymustifIamtogoonwithmydeath.AndIwonderhowmanyboxesofmewillmychildrenkeep?Ilookattheseobjectsthataremeandknow,too,thattheyaresymbolsofhowaloneIandeachofusis,fornooneknowswhatanyobjectmeansexceptheorshewhoownsit.Everyobjectofourlivesisamemory,andemotionsurroundsaroundit,hidingandprotectingatinytruthoftheheart.OnlyIhavethememoriesofwhenandhoweachonewasobtained;Ilookattheobjectsthatareme,andthememoriesarewarmandpermeated（彌漫）withlove.24.Whydoestheauthorkeeptheplasticheadofahorse?A.Becausehisfathergaveittohimasagift.B.Becauseitmakeshimaverygoodchessplayer.C.Becauseitbringsbackmemoriesofhischildhood.D.Becauseheaccepteditasaprizeforacompetition.25.Howdidtheauthordealwiththeremainingobjectsofhisfatherafterhedied?A.Hethreweverythingaway.B.Heputthemallintogoodorder.C.Hesavedsomeofthecostlyobjects.D.Hetooksomeofthemtohisownhouse.26.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor?A.Heisverystrictwithhischildren.B.Hepreferstocollectdifferentskulls.C.Hedoesn’tknowhisfatheraswellashethought.D.Heexpectshischildrentobringhispossessionshome.27.Accordingtothelastparagraph,theobjectswesave.A.makeusproudofourfamilyheritageB.areremindersofpersonalexperiencesC.retellsharedmemorieswithourchildrenD.areusuallyquiteexpensiveandvaluableCLikemanyinventions,languagetranslatorswereimaginedbywriterslongbeforetheybecamereal.InHugoGernsback’s1911novelARomanceoftheYear2660,charactersuseavideotelephonethatcantranslatefromonelanguagetoanother.AlanguagetranslatoralsoappearsinMurtayLeinster’s1945FirstContact.Inthatstory,humansandcreaturesfromanotherplanetconstructatranslationdevicetogetheraftermakingfirstcontactwithoneanother.Theideaofthelanguagetranslatordidn’tbecometrulypopular,however,untilthe“universaltranslator”appearedintheStarTrekseries,whichdelightedtelevisionviewersinthe1970s.Thatdevicewasuniversalinthesensethatitcouldtranslateanylanguagethatitencountered.ThefirstreallanguagetranslatorwasdemonstratedbyengineersfromtheIBMcompanyandGeorgetownUniversityin1954.TheirmachinecouldonlytranslateRussiansentencesintoEnglish.Languagetranslatorshavecomealongwaysincethen.Today,onlinetranslationscanbeaccessedeasilyatnocosttousers.WithtranslationappslikeGoogleTranslateorTranslate,userssometimesdon’tevenhavetolookthingsup.Alltheyneedtodoispointtheircellphone’scameraatsomewriting,andatranslationinstantlyappears.Ifuserswanttotranslatesomethingbeingsaidaloud,theyjustturnontheirphone’smicrophone.Allofthesefeaturessavetimeandeffort.Translationappsmakeforeigntravelmucheasierthanbefore.Theyareinvaluablewhenitcomestocommunicatingwithtaxidriversorhotelstaffwhodon’tspeakatraveler’snativelanguage.Buttheseappsarefarfromperfect.Sometimesatranslationmakesnosense,forcingtheusertoguesswhatthetranslationmeans.Atothertimes,theusermightnotknowthatthetranslationhasfaileduntilheorsheshowsittonativespeaker.28.Whataspectoflanguagetranslatorsiscoveredinthefirstparagraph?A.Theirmodels. B.Theirdevelopment.C.Theirorigins. D.Theirpopularity.29.WhatdoweknowaboutGoogleTranslateandiTranslate?A.Theybringconvenienceindifferentsituations.B.TheycanbeusedwithoutaccesstotheInternet.C.Theirusershavetotypethingsinfortranslations.D.Theycanonlyfunctionwiththeaidofotherapps.30.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardslanguagetranslators?A.Disapproving. B.Supportive.C.Dismissive. D.Objective.31.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthepassage?A.Howdolanguagetranslatorsdevelop?B.Whydoweneedlanguagetranslators?C.Howdosciencestoriesbecomereality?D.Whycan’twedependonlanguagetranslators?DAsartificial-intelligenceproductssteadilyimproveatpretendingtobehuman—anAIproducedvoicethatbooksrestaurantreservationsbyphone,forexample,orachatrobotthatanswersconsumers’questionsonlinepeoplewillincreasinglybeputintheworryingsituationofnotknowingwhethertheyaretalkingtoamachine.Butthetruthmaymakesuchproductslesseffective:recentresearchfindsatrade-offbetweentranrency（透明度）andcooperationinhuman-computerinteractions.Thestudyusedasimplegameinwhichpairedplayersmakeaseriesofdecisionstocooperatewithorbetraytheirpartner.Inthelongrun,itpaysforbothtokeepcooperating.TheresearchersusedanAlproduct,whenpretendingasaperson,whichwasbetterthanpeopleareatgettinghumanpartnerstocooperate.Butpreviousworksuggestedpeopletendtodisbelievemachines,sothescientistswonderedwhatwouldhappeniftherobotrevealeditselfassuch.Theteamhopedpeopleplayingwithaknownrobotwouldrecognizeitsabilitytocooperateandwouldeventuallyovercometheirdisbelief.“Sadly,wefailedatthisgoal,”saysTalalRahwan,acomputerscientistatNewYorkUniversityinAbuDhabiandaseniorauthoronthepaper,publishedlastNovemberinNatureMachineIntelligence.“Nomatterwhattherobotdid,peoplejuststucktotheirprejudice.”Arobotplayingopenlyasarobotwaslesslikelytogetcooperationthananotherhuman,eventhoughitsstrategywasclearlymorebeneficialtobothplayers.Inanadditionalexperiment,playersweretold,“datasuggestthatpeoplearebetteroffiftheytreattherobotasifitwereahuman.”Ithadnoeffect.VirginiaDignum,wholeadstheSocialandEthicalArtificialIntelligencegroupatUmeaUniversityinSwedenandwasnotinvolvedinthestudy,praisestheresearchersforexploringthetranrencyeffectivenesstrade-off,butshewouldliketoseeittestedinadifferentsetup.Talal’steamsaidthatinthepublicfield,peopleshouldbeaskedforagreementtobedeceived（欺騙）aboutarobot’sidentity.Itcannotbeonaninteraction-by-interactionbasis,orelsethe“deception”obviouslywillnotwork.Butoverallpermissionfordeceptionstillraisesethicalquandaries（困境）.Dignumsayshumansshouldhavetheoptiontoknowaftertheyhaveinteractedwitharobot—butifsheiscallingcustomerservicewithasimplequestion,sheadds,“Ijustwanttogetmyanswer.”32.Theunderlinedword“trade-off”isclosestinmeaningto.A.distinguishing B.balancing C.switching D.combining33.Accordingtothepassage,whatattitudedopeoplegenerallytaketowardsrobots?A.Positive. B.Casual. C.Uncertain. D.Distrustful.34.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheresearchfindingsfromthethirdparagraph?A.Theyfailtosupporttheteam’sassumption.B.Theyaredifferentfromthepreviousfindings.C.Theywilldrawpeople’sattentiontorobots’problems.D.Theycanexplainwhypeopletreatarobotlikeahuman.35.Accordingtothepassage,whatisVirginiaDignummostlikelytoagreewith?A.TallRahwan’sresearchfindingscan’tapplytothereal-worldsituations.B.Overallpermissionforinteractingwitharobotdoesmoreharmthangood.C.Peopleneedn’tbetoldthattheyareinteractingwitharobotonalloccasions.D.Therelationshipbetweentranrencyandeffectivenesshasbeenfullyexplored.第二節(jié)七選五（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Doyoulikecilantro（香菜）?Cilantroisacommonfoodthatpeopletendtoeitheradoreorabuse.36Butthereasonsbehindwhatyoulikeanddon’tlikearenotalwayssostraightforward.37Yoursenseofsmellallowsyoutodistinguishbetweensomethinglikestrawberryandcherry.Scientistslookedatolfactory（嗅覺的）receptorsanddiscoveredthatindividualswithacertaingene,OR6A2,aremoresensitivetosmellingcilantro.That,inturn,affectshowpeoplesenseitsflavor.38Whenyou’reopentothesefoods,youlearntolikewhatyoueat.Evenpeoplewhohatecilantromaybeabletolearntoatleasttolerateit,ifnotlikeit.Cultureplaysabigroleinwhatyoulike,too.Foodpreferencesvaryacrosscultures.Whenitcomestofoodpreferencesindifferentpartsoftheworld,ithasalottodowithwhat'savailableandconsideredafoodstaple（主食）.39Buttherewillalwaysbeexceptions—aGreekpersonwhocan’tstandolivesoraBritishpersonwhohatesfishandchips.Whilepreferencescanbeformedafterafewattempts,negativeexperienceswithfoods,especiallywhenyou'reyoung,canhavealastingeffect40JasmineRobinson,29,fromAthens,sharedherstoryaboutolives.Whenshewasyoung,anotherchild,whowouldn’tletherhaveaturnonaswing,madefunofherwhileeatingolivesfromajarandbeingmean.Shelatertriedolivesasanadultbutfailed.A.Welikesweetandhatebitter.B.Loveitorhateitisprettyclear.C.Butyourbiologyisnoteverything.D.Itisrelatedtofamiliarityandnotbiology.E.Yourpreferencecancomedowntogenetics.F.Associationscanmakeyoulikeornotlikesomething.G.Justonebadexperiencecanturnyouofffromsomethingforlife.第三部分語言運用（共三節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Ifeltanxiouswhengoingintomyroomfromschool.Everyday,myroomwassomethingdifferent.Thehoursawayatschoolwerelongenoughtocauseaterriblechangetomypeacefulharbor.Todaywasno41.AsIenteredthehouse,Mom42mewithasmile.Itseemedlikenothingwas43.ButIwasstilldoubtfulaboutit.Yesterday,aroundthe44ofmyfavoritefigurine（小雕像）wassomechocolate.45,Calliehadenjoyedthechocolatesomuchthatshewantedtoshareitwithmyangel.I46Callie,whohadjustturnedthree.Ididn’tseeher,butIheardtheTVplayingintheotherroom.AsIexaminedthefamilyroom,Ifounditwaspretty47.Thereweretoysalloverthefloor,butnoneofthemseemedtobemine.Maybeshehadn'tenteredtoday.Iwasso48thatIbreathedasighofrelief.Ipushedmyroomdooropenandsaw49!Therewereafewheadlessdolls,somebrokenblocks,andafewjuice-stainedstuffedanimals.“Shediditagain!”Iscreamedin50.Mymotherranuptome,embarrassed.ShepromisedtoputaCallie-proof51onmydoortonight.IfeltbetterbecauseIknewthatsoonmyroomwouldtrulybelongtome.However,IwasstillangrywithmylittlesistersoIwentintothefamilyroomtotellherhowshehadmadelife52forme.“Callie,”Istarted.“Hooray!”sheshouted.Sheleapedoffthesofaand53mykneeswithsuchhappinessthatIcouldonlylookdownatherandsmile.54,shewasonlythreeandlearningabouttheworldinherownway.Andshealwayschosetoexploreand55myroombecauseshelovedme,herbigsister.41.A.evidence B.choice C.intention D.exception42.A.cheered B.greeted C.attracted D.rewarded43.A.usual B.perfect C.wrong D.impossible44.A.hand B.hair C.leg D.mouth45.A.Fortunately B.Apparently C.Normally D.Curiously46.A.lookedaroundfor B.brokeawayfrom C.gotcloseto D.putupwith47.A.noisy B.neat C.messy D.empty48.A.nervous B.confident C.tired D.hopeful49.A.progress B.damage C.unrest D.pain50.A.anxiety B.sorrow C.regret D.annoyance51.A.sign B.toy C.lock D.decoration52.A.unpleasant B.strange C.boring D.adventurous53.A.kicked B.bent C.touched D.hugged54.A.Aboveall B.Afterall C.Inadvance D.Inaddition55.A.scan B.enter C.destroy D.leave第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Agoldencatwasshotbyaninfrared（紅外線的）cameraintheforestsinGansuprovinceinearlySeptember.Thiswasthefirsttimethatanimageofthisrareanimal（56）（capture）intheBailongjiangforestareainGansu.LiuTiantai,aseniorengineerintheBailongjiangforestry（57）（conserve）center,saidthatthecameracapturedthreephotosandonevideoof（58）preciousanimal.“ThephotosweretakenonSept2,and（59）（feature）theanimalwithdistinctcharacteristicssuchasuniqueheadandears,bodyandblacktailtip.Itwasidentified（60）agoldencat,anationalfirst-classkeyprotectedwildanimal,”Liusaid.Thegoldencatisacarnivorous（食肉的）mammalHivinginmountainforests,（61）footprintscanbeseenfromhumidevergreenforeststobroad-leavedmixedforestsatanaltitudeof（62）（approximate）3,000meters.Bailongjiangcenterhascompletedtheconstructionofaninitialwildlifeprotectionmonitoringsystem（63）（equip）with105infraredcameras.Accordingtomonitoringdatareturnedbythesecamerasinthepastmonth,the“（64）（appear）rate”ofrarewildanimalssuchassikadeerandredfoxeshasgreatlyincreased,whichindicatesthattheecologicalconstructionoftheforestareaisconstantlyimprovingand（65）biodiversityiswellprotectedthere,Liusaid.第四部分：寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應用文寫作（滿分15分）你是某國際學校學生會主席李華。你校準備組織一次“讓文物活起來”（BringCulturalRelicstoLife）的活動，請你用英語寫一篇開幕辭，歡迎參加活動的師生及來賓。內(nèi)容包括：1.表示歡迎；2.活動目的；3.活動內(nèi)容。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應為80左右。2.可適當增加細節(jié)，使行文連貫。Dearguests,teachersandfellowstudents,Thankyou!第二節(jié)讀后續(xù)寫（滿分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。Onefall,mywifeElliandIhadasinglegoal:tophotographpolarbears.Wewerestayingataresearchcampoutside“thepolarbearcapitaloftheworld”thetownofChurchillinManitoba,Canada.Takingpicturesofpolarbearsisamazingbutalsodangerous.Polarbearslikeallwildanimalsshouldbephotographedfromasafedistance.WhenI’mfacetofacewithapolarbear,Ilikeittobethroughacamerawithatelephotolens.Butsometimes,thatiseasiersaidthandone.Thiswasoneofthosetimes.AsElliandIcookeddinner,ayoungmalepolarbearwhowasplayinginanearbylakesniffedandsmelledourgarlicbread.Thehungrybearfollowedhisnosetoourcamp,whichwassurroundedbyahighwire（鐵絲）fence.Hepulledandbitthewire.Hestoodonhisbacklegsandpushedatthewoodenfenceposts.Terrified,ElliandItriedallthebeardefenseactionsweknew.Weyelledatthebear,hitpotshard,andfiredblankshotgunshellsintotheair.Sometimesloudnoiseslikethesewillscarebearsoff.Notthispolarbearthoughhejustkepttryingtoteardownthefencewithhismassivepaws（爪子）.Iradioedthecampmanagerforhelp.Hetoldmeahelicopterwasonitsway,butitwouldbe30minutesbeforeitarrived.Makingthebestofthiscloseencounter,Itooksomepicturesofthebear.ElliandIfearedthefencewouldn’tlastthrough30moreminutesofthebearspunishment.ThecampmanagersuggestedIusepepperspray（噴霧）.Thesprayburnsthebears’eyes,butdoesn’thurtthem.SoIapproachedouruninvitedguestslowlyand,throughthefence,sprayedhimintheface.Withanangryroar,thebearrantothelaketowashhiseyes.注意：1.續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應為150詞左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應位置作答。Afewminuteslater,thebearheadedbacktoourcamp.