2025屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)組合練十二閱讀理解+閱讀七選五+短文改錯(cuò)課時(shí)優(yōu)化作業(yè)含解析

PAGE組合練(十二)閱讀理解＋閱讀七選五＋短文改錯(cuò)Ⅰ.閱讀理解AIt'scommonknowledgethatsomecountrieshavehigherlifeexpectancies(預(yù)期壽命)thanothers,butthecityyouliveincanalsoaffectyourhealth.Somecitiesarehardontheircitizens.Inplaceswithpoorcityplanning—LagoswascalledoutrecentlybytheEconomistIntelligenceUnit—publicspacesarefewandfarbetween，makingoutdooractivitieshard.Lackofinfrastructure(基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施)jamsthestreetswithcarsandtheairwithpollutants,andpeopleworklonghoursforlittlemoney.ThesearejustsomeofthefactorsconcludedbySpotahome,arentalagency.They'veanalyzeddatafromarangeofsources，includingtheWorldHealthOrganization,TripAdvisorandtheCIAWorldFactbooktoscoreeachcityonhealth,gymavailabilityandquality,lifeexpectancy,obesity(肥胖),greenspaceandotherelementstoworkoutalistoftheworld'shealthiestcities.ThelistiscertainlyEuro-centricbutcontinuoussunshineisseenasapositivething,evenifitmaybemoreofadisadvantageinotherregions.Butitdoesgosomewaytowardssuggestingwhichcitiesaregettingitrightinprovidingagoodlifefortheirinhabitants.ItmaynotbesurprisingtolearnthatmostofthehealthiestcitiesareinnorthernEurope,knownforitspeople-firstapproachtocityplanning.AustraliaandCanadaalsodowell—butAlaska,thefirstU．S.cityisonlyin34thplace.TheU．K.doesn'tfaretoowelleither—itsonlycityinthetop50listisLondon,in40th.Whetheryou'replanningawholesomeholiday,orsimplywonderingwhatyourcitycandobetter,thislistofthe50healthiestcitieswillgiveyoupauseforthought.Herearetheattractive,healthy-eating,clean-airedcitiesthataregettingitright.[語篇解讀]文章是關(guān)于世界上最健康的城市的介紹。1．Whyaresomecitiesdifficulttoliveinaccordingtothetext?A．Theairisheavilypolluted.B．Thereisnocityplanning.C．Outdooractivitiesaren'tavailable.D．Publicplacesarelimited.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段中的“publicspacesarefewandfarbetween”可知，公共用地有限是其中一個(gè)緣由，故選D。答案：D2．HowdidSpotahomelisttheworld'shealthiestcities?A．Byfiguringoutthecity'sgreenarea.B．Bygaininginformationviavariouspeople.C．Byanalyzingdifferentaspectsofthecities.D．Byselectingthosewiththehighestlifeexpectancy.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段的內(nèi)容可知，他們分析了來自各種渠道的數(shù)據(jù)，然后給每一個(gè)城市打分，依據(jù)健康、體育館的設(shè)備和運(yùn)用質(zhì)量、預(yù)期壽命、肥胖、綠地空間和其他一些因素來做出最健康的城市名單。故選C項(xiàng)“通過分析城市的不同方面”。答案：C3．Whatdoesthelistaimtohelppeopledo?A．Formhealthyeatinghabits.B．Choosearightplaceforaholiday.C．Becomeawareofattractivenessofcities.D．Reflectthefutureofthecityplanning.解析：推理推斷題。全文最終一段第一句話提到，不管你是正在安排度假，還是僅僅想弄明白你的城市能夠更好地做些什么，這份50個(gè)最健康城市的名單，將會(huì)幫助你去思索。故選B項(xiàng)“選擇一個(gè)合適的地方去度假”。答案：B4．Whereisthistextmostlikelyfrom?A．Adiary. B．Aguidebook.C．Anovel. D．Amagazine.解析：文章出處題。通讀全文可知本文有關(guān)全世界最健康的城市，應(yīng)當(dāng)摘自一本雜志，而非日記、指南手冊和小說。故選D。答案：DBThoughplasticshoppingbagsarecheapanduseful,theycausewidespreadpollution.Now,wemayhaveanunlikelyhelpertohelpcleanupourgarbage—asmallwaxworm.Theworm'shiddenskillswerediscoveredbyaccident.Abouttwoyearsago,FedericaBertocchini,adevelopmentalbiologistattheSpanishNationalResearchCouncilandanamateurbeekeeper,wascleaningoutbees'nestthathadbeenfilledwithworms.Sheremovedthewormsandputtheminaplasticbagwhiledoingthecleaning.Afterfinishing,shewentbacktotheroomwhereshehadlefttheworms,andfoundtheyhadescapedfromthebag.Whenshechecked,shesawthatthebagwasfullofholes.Realizingshemayhavemadeanimportantdiscovery，Bertocchiniteamedupwithotherresearcherstoconductfurtherresearch.Theybeganbyplacing100wormsonsomeplasticbagsanddiscoveredthatovera24-hourperiod,thewormsmanagedtochewthrough92milligramsofplastic.Theresearchersmakeanappropriatejudgmentthatatthisrate,thegroupofwormscoulddegrade(降解)anaverage-sized5.5-gramplasticbagwithinamonth.Toruleoutthepossibilitythatchewingwascausingthedegradation,theresearchersspreadthesoftwetsubstanceinsidethebodyofsomerecentlydeadwormsonasheetofplastic.Sureenough,eventheliquidwasabletoeatthroughthematerial，confirmingthatthewormshaveplastic-digestingenzymes(酶)．Whilethenewsiscertainlyencouraging,noteveryoneisconvinced.TheMichiganStateUniversity'sRamaniNarayanbelievesthetinypiecesofmicroplasticsreleasedbytheplastic-eatingwormswouldpickupharmfulsubstancesandtransportthemupthefoodchain,causingevenmoreharmtotheenvironmentandhumanhealth.SusanSelke,directorofMichiganStateUniversitySchoolofPackaging,isconcernedthatthewormswillnotbeabletosurviveinanoxygen-freelandfillswherelargeamountsofwastematerialareburiedundertheearth.However,Bertocchiniisnotplanningtotransportwormarmiestolandfills.Instead,theresearcherwantstoidentifytheenzymethathelpsdegradetheplastic.Theresearchersays，maybewecanfindthemolecule(分子)andproduceitonanindustriallevel,ratherthanusingamillionwormsinaplasticbag.[語篇解讀]西班牙生物學(xué)家FedericaBertocchini愛好養(yǎng)蜜蜂，她在清理蜂巢時(shí)意外發(fā)覺了一種能吃塑料的蠟蟲，她和她的團(tuán)隊(duì)對此進(jìn)行了探討，她的這一發(fā)覺將來有望用于治理白色污染。5．Whatdidtheexperimentofusingdeadwormsfindout?A．Worms'chewingmaycausethedegradation.B．Aplastic-eatingchemicalexistsinwaxworms.C．Deadwormsareeffectiveindealingwithplastic.D．Ittakesalongtimeforwormstodegradeplastic.解析：細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“Toruleoutthepossibilitythatchewing...thewormshaveplastic-digestingenzymes.”可知，探討者們將剛剛死去的蟲子體內(nèi)的漿液置于一片塑料上，結(jié)果發(fā)覺這種液體也有降解塑料的作用，并得出蠟蟲體內(nèi)含有一種可降解塑料的酶這一結(jié)論。故選B。答案：B6．WhatisRamaniNarayan'sattitudetoBertocchini'sfinding?A．Objective. B．Convinced.C．Questioning. D．Optimistic.解析：觀點(diǎn)看法題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中的“Whilethenewsiscertainlyencouraging,noteveryoneisconvinced.TheMichiganStateUniversity'sRamaniNarayanbelievesthetinypiecesofmicroplasticsreleasedbytheplastic-eatingwormswouldpickupharmfulsubstancesandtransportthemupthefoodchain,causing,evenmore,harmtotheenvironmentandhumanhealth.”可知，雖然Bertocchini他們的發(fā)覺很令人激昂，但并不是每個(gè)人都信服，RamaniNarayan就是其中一個(gè)。他認(rèn)為，生物降解(此處指通過蠟蟲來降解塑料)可能會(huì)攜帶有害物質(zhì)，并將其輸送到食物鏈中，甚至?xí)o環(huán)境和人類健康帶來更多的危害。由此可推知，RamaniNarayan對Bertocchini的發(fā)覺持“懷疑的”看法。故選C。答案：C7．WhatmightBertocchinifocusherlaterresearchon?A．Thestructureofplastic-degradingenzymes.B．Theuseofotherwormsindisposingplastic.C．Waxworms'adaptabilitytothelandfillenvironment.D．Thechanceofproducingwaxwormsonalargescale.解析：推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段中的“Instead，theresearcherwantstoidentifytheenzymethathelpsdegradetheduceitonanindustriallevel”可知，Bertocchini接下來會(huì)將其探討重心放在可降解塑料的酶上，探討其內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)，如發(fā)覺其分子等。故選A。答案：A8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．CanWaxWormsSavetheEnvironment?B．WaxWormsHaveanAppetiteforPlasticC．WhyDoWaxWormsHavePlastic-eatingSkills?D．HungryWormsJointheFightAgainstPlasticPollution解析：標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段點(diǎn)明文章主題——發(fā)覺能夠幫助處理塑料垃圾的蟲子；其次段詳細(xì)說明白Bertocchini是如何發(fā)覺蠟蟲能夠降解塑料的；第三段講解并描述了Bertocchini和其他探討人員對此作的進(jìn)一步探討；第四段介紹了對此探討發(fā)覺所持的不同看法；最終一段介紹Bertocchini接下來的準(zhǔn)備。綜合可知，本文主要講的是探討人員發(fā)覺了蠟蟲能降解塑料，想通過蠟蟲這一特點(diǎn)來探討它們能不能幫助降解生活中的塑料垃圾，因此A項(xiàng)能概括全文。故選A。答案：AⅡ.閱讀七選五Eyecontactisanimportantaspectofnon-verbalbehavior.1Giveandreceivefeedback(反饋)．Lookingatsomeoneletsthemknowthatthereceiverisconcentratingonthecontentoftheirspeech.2Communicationmaynotbeasmoothprocessifalistenerturnsawaytheireyestoofrequently.Ithasalsobeensuggestedthatifsomeonemaintainsconstanteyecontact,thentheyaretryingtoohardandmaywellbelying.3Thisisrelatedtopointone.Eyecontactismorelikelytobecontinuouswhensomeoneislistening,ratherthanspeaking.Whenapersonhasfinishedwhathe/shehastosay,he/shewilllookdirectlyattheotherpersonandthisgivesasignalthatitistimeforhimorhertospeak.Ifsomeonedoesnotwanttobeinterrupted,eyecontactmaybeavoided.Conveysomethingaboutarelationshipbetweenpeople.Whenyoudislikesomeone,youtendtoavoideyecontactandyourpupil(瞳孔)sizeisoftenreduced.4Dilation(擴(kuò)張)ofthepupilsisareactiontothesightofsomeoneattractive,soincreasedeyecontactcouldbeabiologicalmechanism(生理機(jī)制)tohelpfindapotentialpartner.5A．Theeyesarethewindowtothesoul.B．Letpartnersknowwhenitistheirturntospeak.C．Notmaintainingeyecontactcanindicatedisinterest.D．Ininterpersonalcommunication,itservesthreemainpurposes.E．Ontheotherhand,positiveeyecontactsignalsattractiontoapartner.F．Therefore,wecanjudgetherelationshipbetweentwocommunicatorsbytheireyecontact.G．Scientistshavefoundoutthethreebiologicalbasesofeyecontactinhumancommunication.[語篇解讀]本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了眼神接觸在人際溝通中的三項(xiàng)功能。1．解析：由下面的三個(gè)段落的內(nèi)容可知，本文主要介紹了眼神接觸在人際溝通中的三項(xiàng)功能，D選項(xiàng)中的it指代前一句中的eyecontact。答案：D2．解析：本選項(xiàng)與前一句在語意上相對，上一句指出看著別人會(huì)讓別人知道聽者專注于傾聽，本選項(xiàng)則說明不保持眼神的接觸表明對所說內(nèi)容不感愛好。答案：C3．解析：由本段中的“thisgivesasignalthatitistimeforhimorhertospeak”可知，本段主要說明白眼神溝通可以讓交談的人知道該輪到誰說話了，故選B。答案：B4．解析：不喜愛某人的話會(huì)避開眼神接觸并且瞳孔會(huì)縮小。而主動(dòng)的眼神接觸則傳遞著對交談方的愛好和吸引，由此可推斷選E。答案：E5．解析：空處是在本段內(nèi)容的基礎(chǔ)上得出的一個(gè)結(jié)論，說明可以通過眼神接觸來斷定交談?wù)咧g的關(guān)系，與本段首句呼應(yīng)。答案：FⅢ.短文改錯(cuò)Thefirstafewweeksofthetermareoverandithasdefinitelybeenanewexperience.HavingschoollessononlineissomethingI'veonlyreadaboutinarticleswherediscussfuturetechnology.NowIamlivinginthefuture!TheytookmesometimetogetusedtomynewInternetclassroom.Atfirst,Ican'talwayshearwhattheteach