山西省長(zhǎng)治市2024-2025學(xué)年高三9月質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)英語(yǔ)試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山西省長(zhǎng)治市2024-2025學(xué)年高三9月質(zhì)量監(jiān)測(cè)試題英語(yǔ)試題第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)、并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillDorothydoontheweekend?A.Gooutwithherfriend.B.Workonherpaper.C.Makesomeplans.2.WhatwasthenormalpriceoftheT-shirt?A.$15.B.$30.C.$50.3.WhathasthewomandecidedtodoonSundayafternoon?A.Toattendawedding.B.Tovisitanexhibition.C.Tomeetafriend.4.WhendoesthebankcloseonSaturday?A.At1:00pm.B.At3:00pm.C.At4:00pm.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Atahotel.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料、回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoweknowaboutNora?A.8heprefersaroomofherown.B.Shelikestoworkwithothergirls.C.Shelivesnearthecitycenter.7.Whatisgoodabouttheflat?A.Ithasalargesittingroom.B.Ithasgoodfurniture.C.Ithasabigkitchen.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WherebasBarbarabeen?A.MilanB.FlorenceC.Rome9.WhathasBarbaragotinhersuitcase?A.ShoesB.StonesC.Books聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whoismakingthetelephonecall?A.ThomasBrothersB.MikeLandonC.JackCooper11.WhatrelationisthewomantoMr.Cooper?A.Hiswife.B.Hisboss.C.Hissecretary.12.Whatisthemessageabout?A.Ameeting.B.AvisittoFrance.C.Thedateforatrip.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whocouldthemanspeakermostprobablybe?A.Apersonwhosawtheaccident.B.Thedriverofthelorry.C.Apoliceofficer.14.WhatwasMrs.Franksdoingwhentheaccidenttookplace?A.WalkingalongChurchillAvenue.B.Gettingreadytocrosstheroad.C.Standingoutsideabank.15.Whendidtheaccidenthappen?A.Atabout8:00am.B.Atabout9:00am.C.Atabout10:00am.16.Howdidtheaccidenthappen?A.Alorryhitacar.B.Acarranintoalorry.C.Abankclerkrushedintothestreet.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thehistoryoftheschool.B.Thecoursesfortheterm.C.Theplanfortheday.18.Wherecanthevisitorslearnaboutthesubjectsfornewstudents?A.Intheschoolhall.B.Inthesciencelabs.C.Intheclassrooms.19.Whatcanstudentsdointhepracticalareas?A.Takesciencecourses.B.Enjoyexcellentmeals.C.Attendworkshops.20.Whenarethevisitorsexpectedtoaskquestions?A.Duringthelunchhour.B.Afterthewelcomespeech.C.Beforethetourofthelabs.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AUrbangardensarevaluableassets(資產(chǎn))tocommunities.Theyprovidegreenspacestogrowsustainablefood,buildcommunitycohesion(凝聚力),makenewfriends,connectwiththeearth,andmuchmore.So,let’scheckoutourlistof4inspiringurbangardensintheUS.GothamGreensWhere:NewYork&ChicagoWhat:GothamGreensfirststartedinBrooklynandnowhasfourlocationsinNewYorkCityandChicago.TheirflagshipfarminBrooklynproducesover100,000poundsofgreensperyear.Butitdoesn’tjustproducehealthylocalvegetables.Itisusinghigh-techgreenhouseswithsolarpanelstomakesurethefoodgrownishealthyandsustainable.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudentsWhere:Baltimore,MarylandWhat:TheBaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents(BUGS)programencouragesstudentstogettheirhandsdirtyandplantvegetablesthroughtheirafter-schoolandsummerprograms.Manyofthesekidsdon’thaveaccesstogreenspacesandhaveneverhadtheopportunitytogrowfood.RevisionUrbanFarmWhere:Boston,MassachusettsWhat:RevisionUrbanFarminBostonworksinpartnershipwiththeRevisionFamilyHome-ashelterfor22homelessparentsandtheirkids.Thefarmprovidesthesefamilieswithinformationonhealthyeating,andaccesstothefarm’sfreshvegetables.Theorganizationalsoprovidesjobtrainingtohelpfamiliesescapethecycleofpoverty.SwaleWhere:NewYorkWhat:Swale,afloatingfoodforestlocatedonalargeboat,isaninnovativeprojectmeanttoinspirecitizenstorethinktherelationshipbetweenourcitiesandourfood.ThisurbangardenservesasbothalivingartexhibitandaneducationalfarmFoodforestsaresustainablegardensthatincludevegetables,fruit,nuttrees,bushes,herbs,andvines—eachonecomplementingtheotherinasymbiotic(共生的)relationship.1.WhatisspecialaboutGothamGreens?A.Itoffershomelessfamiliesinformationonhealthyeating.B.Itcreatesasustainablegardenonalargeboat.C.Itprovidesjobtrainingforstudents.D.Ituseshigh-techgreenhousestogrowhealthyfood.2.Whichurbangardenoffersfirst-handfarmingexperience?A.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents. B.Swale.C.RevisionUrbanFarm. D.GothamGreens.3.Whatdothesefoururbangardenshaveincommon?A.Theycreatejobopportunitiesforfarmers.B.TheyareinspirationalprojectsinNewYork.C.Theyarebeneficialtocommunities.D.Theyhaveeducationalandentertainingpurposes.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。城市花園是社區(qū)的寶貴資產(chǎn)。它們?yōu)榉N植可持續(xù)糧食提供綠色空間，建立社區(qū)凝聚力。文章主要講述了幾個(gè)城市花園。【詳解】1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章GothamGreens(哥譚鎮(zhèn)蔬菜)部分中的“Itisusinghigh-techgreenhouseswithsolarpanelstomakesurethefoodgrownishealthyandsustainable.(它正在使用帶有太陽(yáng)能電池板的高科技溫室，以確保種植的食物是健康和可持續(xù)的。)”可知，GothamGreens使用了高科技溫室種植健康的食物。故選D項(xiàng)。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents(巴爾的摩城市園藝與學(xué)生)部分中的“TheBaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents(BUGS)programencouragesstudentstogettheirhandsdirtyandplantvegetablesthroughtheirafter-schoolandsummerprograms.Manyofthesekidsdon’thaveaccesstogreenspaces,andhaveneverhadtheopportunitytogrowfood.(巴爾的摩城市與學(xué)生一起園藝（BUGS）項(xiàng)目鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生通過(guò)課后和夏季項(xiàng)目把手弄臟并種植蔬菜。這些孩子中的許多人沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)接觸綠色空間，也從來(lái)沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)種植食物。)”可知，來(lái)這里進(jìn)行園藝活動(dòng)的孩子從來(lái)沒(méi)有接觸過(guò)農(nóng)作，也從來(lái)沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)嘗試種植食物，由此可以推測(cè)出，該城市花園能向?qū)W生提供第一手的耕作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Urbangardensarevaluableassetstocommunities.Theyprovidegreenspacestogrowsustainablefood,buildcommunityunity,makenewfriends,connectwiththeearth,andmuchmore.(城市花園是社區(qū)的寶貴資產(chǎn)。它們提供綠色空間來(lái)種植可持續(xù)的食物，建立社區(qū)團(tuán)結(jié)，結(jié)交新朋友，與地球聯(lián)系等等。)”可知，文章主要講的是城市花園對(duì)社區(qū)的影響。由此可以推出，后文提到的四個(gè)城市花園都對(duì)社區(qū)來(lái)說(shuō)都有益處。故選C項(xiàng)。BMyeleven-year-oldsonreadsalot,butforthepastyearhe’sonlybeenreadingcomicsorgraphic(圖解的)novels.Inmyview,thesearethebooksmadeup,mainly,ofcartoonsandspeechbubblesandarelackinginfullpagesoftext.AsaPhDinclassicalliterature,Iturnmynoseupatmyson’scomics,consideringthemjustpicturebooks.Mysonhasarguedwellforhiscause.Hisclaimisthatcomicsareliteratureorcloseenoughandtheydocontainmanyofthebasicelementsofanynovel:plot,backstory,dialogueandetc.Butmyviewisthatlanguageisunique.Thecomplicateddetailsofplot,emotion,andinnerthoughtthatwordsalonecanconveyaresurelylostwhengraphicstaketheirplace.Andifthepicturesarealreadythereforyou,whatworkislefttotheimagination?Accordingtotheviewofsomeexpertsonparenting,weshouldencourageourkidstolovebooksinallshapesandforms,withoutlimitingthetypeofbookstheyshouldlove.Iseetheirpoint,butIalsoworrythatlazinessmightbeplayingarolehereandthat’samotivationI’mlesshappytoenable.Comicsaresimplyeasiertoreadthanotherkindsofbooks;theydemandlessattentionandmysuspicionisthattheybecomeappealingforthatveryreason.Whilethisisafinewaytohelpearlyorreluctant(不情愿的)readersgetintobetterhabitsofreading,I’mnotsosurethesameistrueforolderkids.Inanageofinstantsatisfactionfromfragmentation(碎片化)reading,wearealllosingtheabilitytofocusonlongertexts,andthat’sworrisome.Mysonisinhisacademicandemotionaldevelopment.Iwanthimtobereadingthingsthatwillchallengehimandforcehimtothinkdeeplyandcritically,whichwillhelphimimprove.Isn’tthiswhatreadingisfor?Dohiscomicbookshavesuchpower?4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardcomicsaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Dismissive. B.Approving. C.Unclear. D.Objective.5.Whydoestheauthorthinkgraphicscannottaketheplaceoflanguage?A.Plotcanonlybeexpressedbylanguage.B.Allthedetailscannotbeconveyedbygraphics.C.Languagecanshowthebasicstorylinemoreclearly.D.Graphicsfailtodevelopchildren’sinterestinreading.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sson?A.Helikesreadingbookswithfullpagesoftext.B.Hethinkscomicsgivemuchspaceforimagination.C.Hebelievescomicssharemanysimilaritieswithnovels.D.Heclaimscomicsareeasiertoreadthanotherkindsofbooks.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toadvisekidstogetridofreadingcomics.B.Toshowthesignificanceofreadingforchildren.C.Toshareherworryaboutherson’schoiceofreading.D.Tocomparethedifferencesbetweencomicsandnovels.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要圍繞作者對(duì)其兒子閱讀習(xí)慣（偏愛(ài)漫畫(huà)或圖解小說(shuō)）的看法和擔(dān)憂展開(kāi)，表達(dá)了自己的觀點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AsaPhDinclassicalliterature,Iturnmynoseupatmyson’scomics,consideringthemjustpicturebooks.(作為古典文學(xué)博士，我對(duì)兒子的漫畫(huà)不屑一顧，認(rèn)為它們只是圖畫(huà)書(shū)。)”可知，作者對(duì)漫畫(huà)非常不屑。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Butmyviewisthatlanguageisunique.Thecomplicateddetailsofplot,emotion,andinnerthoughtthatwordsalonecanconveyaresurelylostwhengraphicstaketheirplace.(但我的觀點(diǎn)是，語(yǔ)言是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。文字所能傳達(dá)的復(fù)雜情節(jié)、情感和內(nèi)心想法等細(xì)節(jié)，在圖形取代它們的位置時(shí)肯定會(huì)消失。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為圖形不能表達(dá)文字所能傳達(dá)出的復(fù)雜情節(jié)、情感和內(nèi)心想法等。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Mysonhasarguedwellforhiscause.Hisclaimisthatcomicsareliteratureorcloseenoughandtheydocontainmanyofthebasicelementsofanynovel:plot,backstory,dialogueandetc.(我兒子為他的選擇辯護(hù)得很好。他的觀點(diǎn)是，漫畫(huà)是文學(xué)或足夠接近文學(xué)，它們確實(shí)包含了任何小說(shuō)的許多基本元素：情節(jié)、背景故事、對(duì)話等等。)”可知，作者的兒子認(rèn)為漫畫(huà)是文學(xué)或足夠接近文學(xué)，兩者非常相似，都有基本元素：情節(jié)、背景故事、對(duì)話等等。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Whilethisisafinewaytohelpearlyorreluctant(不情愿的)readersgetintobetterhabitsofreading,I’mnotsosurethesameistrueforolderkids.Inanageofinstantsatisfactionfromfragmentation(碎片化)reading,wearealllosingtheabilitytofocusonlongertexts,andthat’sworrisome.(雖然這是一個(gè)很好的方法來(lái)幫助早期或不情愿的讀者養(yǎng)成更好的閱讀習(xí)慣，但我不確定這對(duì)大一點(diǎn)的孩子來(lái)說(shuō)是否適用。在一個(gè)從碎片化閱讀中獲得即時(shí)滿足感的時(shí)代，我們都在失去專(zhuān)注于較長(zhǎng)文本的能力，這令人擔(dān)憂。)”以及最后一段“Mysonisinhisacademicandemotionaldevelopment.Iwanthimtobereadingthingsthatwillchallengehimandforcehimtothinkdeeplyandcritically,whichwillhelphimimprove.Isn’tthiswhatreadingisfor?Dohiscomicbookshavesuchpower?(我兒子正處于學(xué)業(yè)和情感發(fā)展階段。我希望他讀的東西能夠挑戰(zhàn)他，迫使他進(jìn)行深入和批判性的思考，這將有助于他的進(jìn)步。這不就是讀書(shū)的目的嗎？他的漫畫(huà)書(shū)有這樣的影響力嗎？)”可推測(cè)，作者寫(xiě)這篇文章是為了和讀者分享其自己兒子只閱讀漫畫(huà)的擔(dān)憂。故選C。CIntheendlesssky,theunaidedhumaneyeshouldbeabletoperceiveseveralthousandstarsonaclear,darknight.Unfortunately,growinglightpollutionhasimpededpeoplefromthenightlyview.Newcitizen-science-basedresearchthrowsalarminglightontheproblemof“skyglow”-thediffuseillumination(漫射照明)ofthenightskythatisaformoflightpollution.Thedatacamefromcrowd-sourcedobservationscollectedfromaroundtheworldaspartofGlobeatNight,aprogramdevelopedbyastronomerConnieWalker.Lightpollutionhasharmfuleffectsonthepracticeofastronomybutalsoonhumanhealthandwildlife,sinceitdisturbsthecyclefromsunlighttostarlightthatbiologicalsystemshaveevolvedalongside.Furthermore,thelossofvisiblestarsisagreatlossofhumanculturalheritage.Untilrelativelyrecently,humansthroughouthistoryhadanimpressiveviewofthestarrynightsky,andtheeffectofthisnightyspectacle(壯觀)isevidentinancientcultures.GlobeatNighthasbeengatheringdataonstarvisibilitysince2006.AnyonecansubmitobservationsthroughtheGlobeatNightwebapplication.Participantsrecordwhichonebestmatcheswhattheycanseeintheskywithoutanytelescopesorotherinstruments.Researchersfindthatthelossofvisiblestarsindicatesanincreaseinskybrightnessof9.6%peryearwhileroughly2%ismeasuredbysatellites.Existingsatellitesarenotwellsuitedtomeasuringskyglowasitappearstohumans,becausetheycannotdetectwavelengthsshorterthan500nanometers(納米).WhiteLEDs,withshorterwavelengthsunder500nanometers,nowareincreasinglycommonlyusedinoutdoorlighting.Buthumaneyesaremoresensitivetotheseshorterwavelengthsatnighttime.Space-basedinstrumentsdonotmeasurelightfromwindows,either.Butthesesourcesaresignificantcontributorstoskyglowusseenfromtheground.“Theincreaseinskyglowoverthepastdecadeunderlinestheimportanceofredoublingoureffortsanddevelopingnewstrategiestoprotectdarkskies,”saidWalker.“TheGlobeatNightdatasetisnecessaryinourongoingevaluationofchangesinskyglow,andweencouragewhoevercantogetinvolvedtohelpprotectthestarrynightsky.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impeded”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.separated. B.disabled. C.demanded. D.protected.9.Whatdoesthelossofvisiblestarsleadto?A.Poorerhumanhealth. B.Fewerwildlifespecies.C.Moredelicatebiologicalsystems. D.Lessnightlycultureelementsofthesky.10.Whatdoestheauthorstressinparagraph5?A.Crowdsourceddataareinvaluable B.Shorterwavelengthsarehardtodetect.C.Satellitesplayavitalrole. D.WhiteLEDsarewidelyused.11.WhatcanbeinferredfromWalker’swords?A.Theirconsistenteffortspayoff. B.Thedatasetneedstobeupdated.C.Theskyglowhasbeenover-emphasized. D.Moreparticipantsareexpectedtojoinin.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹光污染正在奪走我們的夜空，使得星星在我們眼前消失?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段“Intheendlesssky,theunaidedhumaneyeshouldbeabletoperceiveseveralthousandstarsonaclear,darknight.(在一望無(wú)際的天空中，在一個(gè)晴朗、黑暗的夜晚，人類(lèi)的肉眼應(yīng)該能夠看到幾千顆星星)”以及劃線詞上文“Unfortunately,growinglightpollutionhas”可知，人類(lèi)的肉眼本來(lái)可以看到幾千顆星星，不幸的是，日益嚴(yán)重的光污染卻使人們不能欣賞夜景。故劃線詞意思是“使……不能”。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Furthermore,thelossofvisiblestarsisagreatlossofhumanculturalheritage.Untilrelativelyrecently,humansthroughouthistoryhadanimpressiveviewofthestarrynightsky,andtheeffectofthisnightyspectacle(壯觀)isevidentinancientcultures.(此外，可見(jiàn)星星的損失是人類(lèi)文化遺產(chǎn)的巨大損失。直到最近，歷史上的人類(lèi)都能看到令人印象深刻的星空，這種夜間奇觀的影響在古代文化中很明顯)”可知，可見(jiàn)星星的缺失會(huì)導(dǎo)致較少的夜間天空文化元素。故選D。【10題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Researchersfindthatthelossofvisiblestarsindicatesanincreaseinskybrightnessof9.6%peryearwhileroughly2%ismeasuredbysatellites.Existingsatellitesarenotwellsuitedtomeasuringskyglowasitappearstohumans,becausetheycannotdetectwavelengthsshorterthan500nanometers(納米).WhiteLEDs,withshorterwavelengthsunder500nanometers,nowareincreasinglycommonlyusedinoutdoorlighting.Buthumaneyesaremoresensitivetotheseshorterwavelengthsatnighttime.Space-basedinstrumentsdonotmeasurelightfromwindows,either.Butthesesourcesaresignificantcontributorstoskyglowusseenfromtheground.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，可見(jiàn)恒星的消失表明天空亮度每年增加9.6%，而衛(wèi)星測(cè)量的亮度大約為2%。現(xiàn)有的衛(wèi)星不太適合測(cè)量人類(lèi)看到的天光，因?yàn)樗鼈儾荒芴綔y(cè)到短于500納米的波長(zhǎng)。白光led波長(zhǎng)較短，在500納米以下，現(xiàn)在越來(lái)越多地用于戶外照明。但人類(lèi)的眼睛在夜間對(duì)這些較短的波長(zhǎng)更敏感。天基儀器也不能測(cè)量窗戶發(fā)出的光。但這些光源是我們從地面上看到的天光的重要貢獻(xiàn)者)”可推知，作者在第五段中強(qiáng)調(diào)了眾包數(shù)據(jù)是無(wú)價(jià)的。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheGlobeatNightdatasetisnecessaryinourongoingevaluationofchangesinskyglow,andweencouragewhoevercantogetinvolvedtohelpprotectthestarrynightsky.(全球夜間數(shù)據(jù)集對(duì)于我們持續(xù)評(píng)估天空輝光的變化是必要的，我們鼓勵(lì)任何可以參與的人來(lái)幫助保護(hù)星空)”可推斷，Walker期望會(huì)有更多的參與者加入。故選D。DHavinghighself-controlisoftenseenasagoodthing.It’sbelievedtobethekeytosuccessinlife.ButassuggestedinatheorypublishedbyProfessorThomasLynch,itmaynotalwaysbeagoodthing—andforsome,itcouldbelinkedtocertainmentalhealthproblems.AccordingtoLynch’stheory,everyoneleans(偏向)moretowardsoneoftwopersonalitystyles:undercontrolorovercontrol.Beingundercontrolledorovercontrolledisneithergoodnorbadbecausemostofusarepsychologicallyflexible,andcanadapttodifferentsituations.So,regardlessofwhetherwe'reovercontrolledorundercontrolled,thisflexibilityhelpsusdealwithlife'schallengesandsetbacksinaconstructiveway.Butwhenwearemuchlessflexible,bothundercontrolandovercontrolcanbecomeproblematic.Mostofusareprobablymorefamiliarwithhighlyundercontrolledpeople,whomaystruggletocontroltheiremotionsandtheirbehaviorsmaybeunpredictable.Thiscannegativelyaffecttheirrelationships,education,work,andhealth.Unfortunately,overcontrolisn'ttalkedaboutasmuch.Thismaybebecauseovercontrolledcharacteristics—suchaspersistence,theabilitytomakeplansandsticktothem,pursuingperfection,andbeingincontrolofemotions-areoftenhighlyregardedinoursociety.However,highlyovercontrolledpeoplemaystruggletoadapttochanges.Theymaybelessopentonewexperiences.Theymayexperiencebitterfeelingsofenvytowardsothers,andstruggletorelaxandhavefuninmanysocialsituations.Theymayalsousefewergestures,andrarelysmileorcry.Together,thesemaymakeapersonmorelikelytoexperiencesocialisolationandloneliness.Thismayeventuallycausetheirmentalhealthtoworsen.Alongsidehistheory,Lynchalsodevelopedatreatmentdesignedtotreatissuesofovercontrol.Ithelpsovercontrolledpeoplebyteachingthemhowtoletgooftheneedtoalwaysbeincontrol,bemoreopenabouttheiremotions,bettercommunicatewithotherpeople,andbemoreflexibleinchangingsituations.Continuedworkinthefieldwillhopefullymakeiteasierforpeopletogetthehelptheyneed.12.Howdoespsychologicalflexibilityhelppeople?A.Itbacksadjustingtochangeseffectively.B.Itassistsindealingwithsimilarsituations.C.Itsupportsovercomingphysicalchallenges.D.Itencourageschoosingtherightpersonalitystyle.13.Whyisovercontrolledpersonalitylesstalkedabout?A.Itisinsignificant. B.Itisunderestimated. C.Itfitssocialvalues. D.Ithaschangingfeatures.14.Whatcanbeinferredabouthighlyovercontrolledpeopleinparagraph5?A.Theyignoretheirmentalhealth. B.Theyknowlittleofbodygestures.C.Theyexperiencefewnewemotions. D.Theyhaveapoorsocialsupportnetwork.15.WhatisLynch’ssuggestionforhighlyovercontrolledpeople?A.Acceptingmorechanges. B.Interactingwithothersmore.C.Evaluatingfeelingsmoreoften. D.Releasingmorepersonalneeds.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【語(yǔ)篇解讀】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文介紹了過(guò)度控制對(duì)心理健康的影響。雖然過(guò)度控制的人具備的特質(zhì)通常被社會(huì)所重視，但他們可能面臨難以適應(yīng)變化、社交孤立和孤獨(dú)等問(wèn)題。過(guò)度控制的人應(yīng)該不要總是控制自己的需求，要更好地表達(dá)情感并與他人溝通?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Beingundercontrolledorovercontrolledisneithergoodnorbadbecausemostofusarepsychologicallyflexible,andcanadapttodifferentsituations.(受到控制或過(guò)度控制既不好也不壞，因?yàn)槲覀兇蠖鄶?shù)人的心理都很靈活，能夠適應(yīng)不同的情況)”可知，心理靈活性使人們能夠在生活中靈活地適應(yīng)不同的情況。因此，心理靈活性有助于人們有效地適應(yīng)變化。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Unfortunately,overcontrolisn'ttalkedaboutasmuch.Thismaybebecauseovercontrolledcharacteristics—suchaspersistence,theabilitytomakeplansandsticktothem,pursuingperfection,andbeingincontrolofemotions-areoftenhighlyregardedinoursociety.(不幸的是，過(guò)度控制并沒(méi)有被談?wù)撃敲炊?。這可能是因?yàn)檫^(guò)度控制的特征——比如堅(jiān)持、制定計(jì)劃并堅(jiān)持下去的能力、追求完美和控制情緒的能力——在我們的社會(huì)中往往受到高度重視)”可知，過(guò)度控制的人的特征（如堅(jiān)持不懈、制訂并堅(jiān)持執(zhí)行計(jì)劃的能力、追求完美和控制情緒）通常在我們的社會(huì)中受到高度重視，由此可推知，過(guò)度控制的個(gè)性符合社會(huì)價(jià)值觀，所以很少被提及。故選C。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Theymayexperiencebitterfeelingsofenvytowardsothers,andstruggletorelaxandhavefuninmanysocialsituations.Theymayalsousefewergestures,andrarelysmileorcry.Together,thesemaymakeapersonmorelikelytoexperiencesocialisolationandloneliness.

(他們可能會(huì)對(duì)他人產(chǎn)生嫉妒的苦澀情緒，并在許多社交場(chǎng)合努力放松和享受樂(lè)趣。他們也可能較少使用手勢(shì)，很少微笑或哭泣。這些因素加在一起可能會(huì)使一個(gè)人更容易經(jīng)歷社會(huì)孤立和孤獨(dú))”可知，過(guò)度控制的人可能很難適應(yīng)各種變化，可能不太愿意接受新體驗(yàn)，可能對(duì)他人產(chǎn)生苦澀的嫉妒情緒，也可能難以在社交場(chǎng)合中放松和享受樂(lè)趣。這些因素可能使他們更容易經(jīng)歷社交孤立和孤獨(dú)。由此可以推斷出，過(guò)度控制的人可能擁有較差的社交支持網(wǎng)。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ithelpsovercontrolledpeoplebyteachingthemhowtoletgooftheneedtoalwaysbeincontrol,bemoreopenabouttheiremotions,bettercommunicatewithotherpeople,andbemoreflexibleinchangingsituations.

(它幫助過(guò)度控制的人，教會(huì)他們?nèi)绾畏畔驴偸强刂谱约旱男枰?，更開(kāi)放地對(duì)待自己的情緒，更好地與他人溝通，在不斷變化的情況下更靈活)”可知，Lynch針對(duì)過(guò)度控制問(wèn)題研發(fā)了一種治療方法，教過(guò)度控制的人如何不要總是控制自己的需求，更加開(kāi)放地表達(dá)情感，與他人更好地溝通，并在不斷變化的情況下更具靈活性。由此可推知，Lynch給過(guò)度控制的人的建議包括“更多地與他人互動(dòng)”這一條。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分，共15分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Itisneverfuntolistentocriticism.Ifitisconstructive,thenyoucanuseittobecomeamorewell-roundedperson.Ifit’sonlymeanttoharmyou,thenyoucanworkonshakingitofflikeabadhabit.Howtodealwithcriticismwisely?____16____Acceptthatyou’renotperfect.Thisisagreatwaytodealwithcriticism.Tobeabletotakealittlebitoffeedback(反饋),youcan’tkeepthinkingthatyoucandonowrong.Nobody’sperfect,soifyouthinkyou’reperfect,thenyou’renobody.Everypersonhasdisadvantages.____17____Seeifthere’ssometruthtoit.Ifthefeedbackiscomingfromapersonwhohasyourbestinterestinmind,thenyouhavetoconsiderthepossibilitythattherereallyissometruthtothosewords.____18____Iftenpeoplesaythatyouareselfish,thentheycan’tallbewrong,canthey?Takeamomenttoconsiderthepossibilitythatthispersonisreallyontosomething.____19____Ifyouhavereceivedsomecriticismdeliveredinafriendlyandhelpfulway,orjustinawaymeanttobehonestandclear,justtakethetimetothankthepersonandtosaythatyouappreciatethefactthatthepersontoldyousomethingthatcanmakeyouanevenbetterfriend,student,orprofessional.Stopmakingexcuses.Ifsomeoneisgivingyoureasonablecriticism,stopmakingexcuses.Ifyougetdefensiveandmakeexcuses,thenthepersonwon’tbeabletofinishtellingyouexactlywhatheorshemeans,andyouwon’tgettheinformationyouneedtoreallyimprove.It’snaturalthatwefeeldefensiveandgetthefeelingthatwecandonowrong.____20____A.Thankthepersonforbeinghonest.B.Thefollowingtipscanbehelpfultoyou.C.Workonbeinglesssensitive.D.Ifyoudon’tseeanyofyours,you’renotanalyzingyourselfascloselyasyoushould.E.It’sevenmorelikelyifyou’veheardsimilarcommentsbefore.F.Mostpeopleareabletodealwithcriticismproperly.G.Butit’simportanttohearpeopleoutbeforeyoucutthemofftoproveyou’reperfect.【答案】16.B17.D18.E19.A20.C【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了明智地對(duì)待批評(píng)的一些建議，接受不完美，認(rèn)真聽(tīng)取他人的批評(píng)，真誠(chéng)感謝他人，別找借口。【16題詳解】前文“Howtodealwithcriticismwisely?(如何明智地對(duì)待批評(píng)？)”引出明智地對(duì)待批評(píng)的話題，后文四個(gè)段落給出了具體的建議，因此B項(xiàng)“Thefollowingtipscanbehelpfultoyou.(下面的建議可能會(huì)對(duì)你有所幫助。)”符合語(yǔ)境，提到下面分享建議，承前啟后。故選B?！?7題詳解】前文“Nobody’sperfect,soifyouthinkyou’reperfect,thenyou’renobody.Everypersonhasdisadvantages.(沒(méi)有人是完美的，所以如果你認(rèn)為自己是完美的，那你就什么都不是。每個(gè)人都有缺點(diǎn)。)”提到人人不完美，都有缺點(diǎn)，因此D項(xiàng)“Ifyoudon’tseeanyofyours,you’renotanalyzingyourselfascloselyasyoushould.(如果你看不到自己的任何缺點(diǎn)，那你就沒(méi)有充分地分析自己。)”符合語(yǔ)境，指出看不到自己的缺點(diǎn)意味著沒(méi)有充分地分析自己，承接前文。故選D?！?8題詳解】前文“Ifthefeedbackiscomingfromapersonwhohasyourbestinterestinmind,thenyouhavetoconsiderthepossibilitythattherereallyissometruthtothosewords.(如果反饋來(lái)自一個(gè)最關(guān)心你的人，那么你必須考慮這些話是否真的有一些道理。)”建議去考慮最關(guān)心自己的人給出的反饋，后文“Iftenpeoplesaythatyouareselfish,thentheycan’tallbewrong,canthey?(如果十個(gè)人都說(shuō)你自私，那他們不可能都是錯(cuò)的，對(duì)吧？)”指出別人一致給出的評(píng)論很有可能是中肯的，因此E項(xiàng)“It’sevenmorelikelyifyou’veheardsimilarcommentsbefore.(如果你之前聽(tīng)過(guò)類(lèi)似的評(píng)論，那就更有可能了。)”符合語(yǔ)境，指出類(lèi)似的評(píng)論的存在表明別人的反饋很可能真的有道理，承前啟后，后一句是對(duì)選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的解釋和支撐。故選E?！?9題詳解】空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容，且需和其他段首句一樣使用祈使句的形式，根據(jù)后文“Ifyouhavereceivedsomecriticismdeliveredinafriendlyandhelpfulway,orjustinawaymeanttobehonestandclear,justtakethetimetothankthepersonandtosaythatyouappreciatethefactthatthepersontoldyousomethingthatcanmakeyouanevenbetterfriend,student,orprofessional.(如果你收到了一些以友好和有益的方式傳達(dá)的批評(píng)，或者只是以一種誠(chéng)實(shí)和清晰的方式，那就花點(diǎn)時(shí)間感謝那個(gè)人，并說(shuō)你很感激這個(gè)人告訴你的事情，這會(huì)讓你成為更好的朋友、學(xué)生或?qū)I(yè)人士。)”可知，本段主要建議感謝他人善意地向自己傳達(dá)批評(píng)，因此A項(xiàng)“Thankthepersonforbeinghonest.(感謝對(duì)方的誠(chéng)實(shí)。)”符合語(yǔ)境，指出要表達(dá)感謝，契合段落內(nèi)容。故選A?！?0題詳解】前文“It’snaturalthatwefeeldefensiveandgetthefeelingthatwecandonowrong.(我們很自然地會(huì)感到自我防衛(wèi)，覺(jué)得自己不會(huì)做錯(cuò)。)”提到面對(duì)批評(píng)有自我防衛(wèi)的反應(yīng)是自然的，因此C項(xiàng)“Workonbeinglesssensitive.(學(xué)著不那么敏感。)”符合語(yǔ)境，給出處理這種反應(yīng)的建議，要學(xué)會(huì)不那么敏感，承接前文。故選C。第三部分：語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Acoupleofyearsago,IwasonanearlymorningflighttoEcuador.____21____,duringsuchlongjourneys,Iwouldputonmyheadphonesandgotosleep.____22____,onthisparticularday,Idecidedtotakealittlerisk.Ibrokethesilenceandstarteda____23____withthemansittingnexttome.Ilearnedthatthiscompanionwasa____24____andwehadafascinatingconversation.Mid-flight,Igatheredthecouragetotakeanother____25____,sharingwithhimabookproposalIputtogetherforsomethingIwasdoinginmyclass.Hereadit,butpolitely____26____it.Thatriskdidn’t____27____.Uponlanding,weexchangedcontactinformation.Monthslater,I____28____him,invitinghimtomyclasstodiscussaprojectonredesigningthebook.Isharedmystudents’projectvideos.Oneparticularproject____29____Mark’sinterest.Heexpressedadesiretomeetthesestudents.IadmittedIwasalittlebit____30____forheseemedmoreinterestedinworkingwithmystudentsthanme.Aftermeetingthestudents,I,togetherwithhimandhiscolleagues,hadadinnertogetherwherelifeonceagainshoweda(n)____31____turn.Duringthisdinner,oneofhiseditorsaskedmeifI’deverconsideredwritingabook.Isharedthe____32____proposalthatIhadshowedhisbossayearearlier.Withinafortnight,wehadacontract,andwithintwoyears,overamillionbookshadbeensoldaroundtheworld.Thisjourneymayseemlucky,butit____33____aseriesofsmallrisks,beginningwitha____34____“hello”.Anyonecanfollowthispathbyembracingthesesmallrisksandfinally____35____yourchancesofbeinglucky.21.A.Fortunately B.Curiously C.Thankfully D.Typically22.A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Besides23.A.conversation B.discussion C.consideration D.resolution24.A.writer B.teacher C.publisher D.photographer25.A.choice B.lesson C.task D.risk26.A.declined B.agreed C.decreased D.maintained27.A.turnout B.workout C.standout D.runout28.A.madefriendswith B.arguedwith C.lostcontactwith D.reachedoutto29.A.caught B.focused C.convinced D.opposed30.A.stressed B.scared C.amazed D.upset31.A.intentional B.unexpected C.wrong D.improper32.A.same B.updated C.different D.dated133.A.restored