山西省長治市2024-2025學(xué)年高三9月質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山西省長治市2024-2025學(xué)年高三9月質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試題英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)、并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.WhatwillDorothydoontheweekend?A.Gooutwithherfriend.B.Workonherpaper.C.Makesomeplans.2.WhatwasthenormalpriceoftheT-shirt?A.$15.B.$30.C.$50.3.WhathasthewomandecidedtodoonSundayafternoon?A.Toattendawedding.B.Tovisitanexhibition.C.Tomeetafriend.4.WhendoesthebankcloseonSaturday?A.At1:00pm.B.At3:00pm.C.At4:00pm.5.Wherearethespeakers?A.Inastore.B.Inaclassroom.C.Atahotel.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料、回答第6、7題。6.WhatdoweknowaboutNora?A.8heprefersaroomofherown.B.Shelikestoworkwithothergirls.C.Shelivesnearthecitycenter.7.Whatisgoodabouttheflat?A.Ithasalargesittingroom.B.Ithasgoodfurniture.C.Ithasabigkitchen.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.WherebasBarbarabeen?A.MilanB.FlorenceC.Rome9.WhathasBarbaragotinhersuitcase?A.ShoesB.StonesC.Books聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whoismakingthetelephonecall?A.ThomasBrothersB.MikeLandonC.JackCooper11.WhatrelationisthewomantoMr.Cooper?A.Hiswife.B.Hisboss.C.Hissecretary.12.Whatisthemessageabout?A.Ameeting.B.AvisittoFrance.C.Thedateforatrip.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whocouldthemanspeakermostprobablybe?A.Apersonwhosawtheaccident.B.Thedriverofthelorry.C.Apoliceofficer.14.WhatwasMrs.Franksdoingwhentheaccidenttookplace?A.WalkingalongChurchillAvenue.B.Gettingreadytocrosstheroad.C.Standingoutsideabank.15.Whendidtheaccidenthappen?A.Atabout8:00am.B.Atabout9:00am.C.Atabout10:00am.16.Howdidtheaccidenthappen?A.Alorryhitacar.B.Acarranintoalorry.C.Abankclerkrushedintothestreet.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatisthetalkmainlyabout?A.Thehistoryoftheschool.B.Thecoursesfortheterm.C.Theplanfortheday.18.Wherecanthevisitorslearnaboutthesubjectsfornewstudents?A.Intheschoolhall.B.Inthesciencelabs.C.Intheclassrooms.19.Whatcanstudentsdointhepracticalareas?A.Takesciencecourses.B.Enjoyexcellentmeals.C.Attendworkshops.20.Whenarethevisitorsexpectedtoaskquestions?A.Duringthelunchhour.B.Afterthewelcomespeech.C.Beforethetourofthelabs.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分60分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題3分，滿分45分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AUrbangardensarevaluableassets(資產(chǎn))tocommunities.Theyprovidegreenspacestogrowsustainablefood,buildcommunitycohesion(凝聚力),makenewfriends,connectwiththeearth,andmuchmore.So,let’scheckoutourlistof4inspiringurbangardensintheUS.GothamGreensWhere:NewYork&ChicagoWhat:GothamGreensfirststartedinBrooklynandnowhasfourlocationsinNewYorkCityandChicago.TheirflagshipfarminBrooklynproducesover100,000poundsofgreensperyear.Butitdoesn’tjustproducehealthylocalvegetables.Itisusinghigh-techgreenhouseswithsolarpanelstomakesurethefoodgrownishealthyandsustainable.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudentsWhere:Baltimore,MarylandWhat:TheBaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents(BUGS)programencouragesstudentstogettheirhandsdirtyandplantvegetablesthroughtheirafter-schoolandsummerprograms.Manyofthesekidsdon’thaveaccesstogreenspacesandhaveneverhadtheopportunitytogrowfood.RevisionUrbanFarmWhere:Boston,MassachusettsWhat:RevisionUrbanFarminBostonworksinpartnershipwiththeRevisionFamilyHome-ashelterfor22homelessparentsandtheirkids.Thefarmprovidesthesefamilieswithinformationonhealthyeating,andaccesstothefarm’sfreshvegetables.Theorganizationalsoprovidesjobtrainingtohelpfamiliesescapethecycleofpoverty.SwaleWhere:NewYorkWhat:Swale,afloatingfoodforestlocatedonalargeboat,isaninnovativeprojectmeanttoinspirecitizenstorethinktherelationshipbetweenourcitiesandourfood.ThisurbangardenservesasbothalivingartexhibitandaneducationalfarmFoodforestsaresustainablegardensthatincludevegetables,fruit,nuttrees,bushes,herbs,andvines—eachonecomplementingtheotherinasymbiotic(共生的)relationship.1.WhatisspecialaboutGothamGreens?A.Itoffershomelessfamiliesinformationonhealthyeating.B.Itcreatesasustainablegardenonalargeboat.C.Itprovidesjobtrainingforstudents.D.Ituseshigh-techgreenhousestogrowhealthyfood.2.Whichurbangardenoffersfirst-handfarmingexperience?A.BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents. B.Swale.C.RevisionUrbanFarm. D.GothamGreens.3.Whatdothesefoururbangardenshaveincommon?A.Theycreatejobopportunitiesforfarmers.B.TheyareinspirationalprojectsinNewYork.C.Theyarebeneficialtocommunities.D.Theyhaveeducationalandentertainingpurposes.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。城市花園是社區(qū)的寶貴資產(chǎn)。它們?yōu)榉N植可持續(xù)糧食提供綠色空間，建立社區(qū)凝聚力。文章主要講述了幾個(gè)城市花園?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章GothamGreens(哥譚鎮(zhèn)蔬菜)部分中的“Itisusinghigh-techgreenhouseswithsolarpanelstomakesurethefoodgrownishealthyandsustainable.(它正在使用帶有太陽能電池板的高科技溫室，以確保種植的食物是健康和可持續(xù)的。)”可知，GothamGreens使用了高科技溫室種植健康的食物。故選D項(xiàng)。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章BaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents(巴爾的摩城市園藝與學(xué)生)部分中的“TheBaltimoreUrbanGardeningwithStudents(BUGS)programencouragesstudentstogettheirhandsdirtyandplantvegetablesthroughtheirafter-schoolandsummerprograms.Manyofthesekidsdon’thaveaccesstogreenspaces,andhaveneverhadtheopportunitytogrowfood.(巴爾的摩城市與學(xué)生一起園藝（BUGS）項(xiàng)目鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生通過課后和夏季項(xiàng)目把手弄臟并種植蔬菜。這些孩子中的許多人沒有機(jī)會接觸綠色空間，也從來沒有機(jī)會種植食物。)”可知，來這里進(jìn)行園藝活動(dòng)的孩子從來沒有接觸過農(nóng)作，也從來沒有機(jī)會嘗試種植食物，由此可以推測出，該城市花園能向?qū)W生提供第一手的耕作經(jīng)驗(yàn)。故選A項(xiàng)。3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Urbangardensarevaluableassetstocommunities.Theyprovidegreenspacestogrowsustainablefood,buildcommunityunity,makenewfriends,connectwiththeearth,andmuchmore.(城市花園是社區(qū)的寶貴資產(chǎn)。它們提供綠色空間來種植可持續(xù)的食物，建立社區(qū)團(tuán)結(jié)，結(jié)交新朋友，與地球聯(lián)系等等。)”可知，文章主要講的是城市花園對社區(qū)的影響。由此可以推出，后文提到的四個(gè)城市花園都對社區(qū)來說都有益處。故選C項(xiàng)。BMyeleven-year-oldsonreadsalot,butforthepastyearhe’sonlybeenreadingcomicsorgraphic(圖解的)novels.Inmyview,thesearethebooksmadeup,mainly,ofcartoonsandspeechbubblesandarelackinginfullpagesoftext.AsaPhDinclassicalliterature,Iturnmynoseupatmyson’scomics,consideringthemjustpicturebooks.Mysonhasarguedwellforhiscause.Hisclaimisthatcomicsareliteratureorcloseenoughandtheydocontainmanyofthebasicelementsofanynovel:plot,backstory,dialogueandetc.Butmyviewisthatlanguageisunique.Thecomplicateddetailsofplot,emotion,andinnerthoughtthatwordsalonecanconveyaresurelylostwhengraphicstaketheirplace.Andifthepicturesarealreadythereforyou,whatworkislefttotheimagination?Accordingtotheviewofsomeexpertsonparenting,weshouldencourageourkidstolovebooksinallshapesandforms,withoutlimitingthetypeofbookstheyshouldlove.Iseetheirpoint,butIalsoworrythatlazinessmightbeplayingarolehereandthat’samotivationI’mlesshappytoenable.Comicsaresimplyeasiertoreadthanotherkindsofbooks;theydemandlessattentionandmysuspicionisthattheybecomeappealingforthatveryreason.Whilethisisafinewaytohelpearlyorreluctant(不情愿的)readersgetintobetterhabitsofreading,I’mnotsosurethesameistrueforolderkids.Inanageofinstantsatisfactionfromfragmentation(碎片化)reading,wearealllosingtheabilitytofocusonlongertexts,andthat’sworrisome.Mysonisinhisacademicandemotionaldevelopment.Iwanthimtobereadingthingsthatwillchallengehimandforcehimtothinkdeeplyandcritically,whichwillhelphimimprove.Isn’tthiswhatreadingisfor?Dohiscomicbookshavesuchpower?4.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardcomicsaccordingtoparagraph1?A.Dismissive. B.Approving. C.Unclear. D.Objective.5.Whydoestheauthorthinkgraphicscannottaketheplaceoflanguage?A.Plotcanonlybeexpressedbylanguage.B.Allthedetailscannotbeconveyedbygraphics.C.Languagecanshowthebasicstorylinemoreclearly.D.Graphicsfailtodevelopchildren’sinterestinreading.6.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’sson?A.Helikesreadingbookswithfullpagesoftext.B.Hethinkscomicsgivemuchspaceforimagination.C.Hebelievescomicssharemanysimilaritieswithnovels.D.Heclaimscomicsareeasiertoreadthanotherkindsofbooks.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Toadvisekidstogetridofreadingcomics.B.Toshowthesignificanceofreadingforchildren.C.Toshareherworryaboutherson’schoiceofreading.D.Tocomparethedifferencesbetweencomicsandnovels.【答案】4.A5.B6.C7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要圍繞作者對其兒子閱讀習(xí)慣（偏愛漫畫或圖解小說）的看法和擔(dān)憂展開，表達(dá)了自己的觀點(diǎn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“AsaPhDinclassicalliterature,Iturnmynoseupatmyson’scomics,consideringthemjustpicturebooks.(作為古典文學(xué)博士，我對兒子的漫畫不屑一顧，認(rèn)為它們只是圖畫書。)”可知，作者對漫畫非常不屑。故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Butmyviewisthatlanguageisunique.Thecomplicateddetailsofplot,emotion,andinnerthoughtthatwordsalonecanconveyaresurelylostwhengraphicstaketheirplace.(但我的觀點(diǎn)是，語言是獨(dú)一無二的。文字所能傳達(dá)的復(fù)雜情節(jié)、情感和內(nèi)心想法等細(xì)節(jié)，在圖形取代它們的位置時(shí)肯定會消失。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為圖形不能表達(dá)文字所能傳達(dá)出的復(fù)雜情節(jié)、情感和內(nèi)心想法等。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Mysonhasarguedwellforhiscause.Hisclaimisthatcomicsareliteratureorcloseenoughandtheydocontainmanyofthebasicelementsofanynovel:plot,backstory,dialogueandetc.(我兒子為他的選擇辯護(hù)得很好。他的觀點(diǎn)是，漫畫是文學(xué)或足夠接近文學(xué)，它們確實(shí)包含了任何小說的許多基本元素：情節(jié)、背景故事、對話等等。)”可知，作者的兒子認(rèn)為漫畫是文學(xué)或足夠接近文學(xué)，兩者非常相似，都有基本元素：情節(jié)、背景故事、對話等等。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Whilethisisafinewaytohelpearlyorreluctant(不情愿的)readersgetintobetterhabitsofreading,I’mnotsosurethesameistrueforolderkids.Inanageofinstantsatisfactionfromfragmentation(碎片化)reading,wearealllosingtheabilitytofocusonlongertexts,andthat’sworrisome.(雖然這是一個(gè)很好的方法來幫助早期或不情愿的讀者養(yǎng)成更好的閱讀習(xí)慣，但我不確定這對大一點(diǎn)的孩子來說是否適用。在一個(gè)從碎片化閱讀中獲得即時(shí)滿足感的時(shí)代，我們都在失去專注于較長文本的能力，這令人擔(dān)憂。)”以及最后一段“Mysonisinhisacademicandemotionaldevelopment.Iwanthimtobereadingthingsthatwillchallengehimandforcehimtothinkdeeplyandcritically,whichwillhelphimimprove.Isn’tthiswhatreadingisfor?Dohiscomicbookshavesuchpower?(我兒子正處于學(xué)業(yè)和情感發(fā)展階段。我希望他讀的東西能夠挑戰(zhàn)他，迫使他進(jìn)行深入和批判性的思考，這將有助于他的進(jìn)步。這不就是讀書的目的嗎？他的漫畫書有這樣的影響力嗎？)”可推測，作者寫這篇文章是為了和讀者分享其自己兒子只閱讀漫畫的擔(dān)憂。故選C。CIntheendlesssky,theunaidedhumaneyeshouldbeabletoperceiveseveralthousandstarsonaclear,darknight.Unfortunately,growinglightpollutionhasimpededpeoplefromthenightlyview.Newcitizen-science-basedresearchthrowsalarminglightontheproblemof“skyglow”-thediffuseillumination(漫射照明)ofthenightskythatisaformoflightpollution.Thedatacamefromcrowd-sourcedobservationscollectedfromaroundtheworldaspartofGlobeatNight,aprogramdevelopedbyastronomerConnieWalker.Lightpollutionhasharmfuleffectsonthepracticeofastronomybutalsoonhumanhealthandwildlife,sinceitdisturbsthecyclefromsunlighttostarlightthatbiologicalsystemshaveevolvedalongside.Furthermore,thelossofvisiblestarsisagreatlossofhumanculturalheritage.Untilrelativelyrecently,humansthroughouthistoryhadanimpressiveviewofthestarrynightsky,andtheeffectofthisnightyspectacle(壯觀)isevidentinancientcultures.GlobeatNighthasbeengatheringdataonstarvisibilitysince2006.AnyonecansubmitobservationsthroughtheGlobeatNightwebapplication.Participantsrecordwhichonebestmatcheswhattheycanseeintheskywithoutanytelescopesorotherinstruments.Researchersfindthatthelossofvisiblestarsindicatesanincreaseinskybrightnessof9.6%peryearwhileroughly2%ismeasuredbysatellites.Existingsatellitesarenotwellsuitedtomeasuringskyglowasitappearstohumans,becausetheycannotdetectwavelengthsshorterthan500nanometers(納米).WhiteLEDs,withshorterwavelengthsunder500nanometers,nowareincreasinglycommonlyusedinoutdoorlighting.Buthumaneyesaremoresensitivetotheseshorterwavelengthsatnighttime.Space-basedinstrumentsdonotmeasurelightfromwindows,either.Butthesesourcesaresignificantcontributorstoskyglowusseenfromtheground.“Theincreaseinskyglowoverthepastdecadeunderlinestheimportanceofredoublingoureffortsanddevelopingnewstrategiestoprotectdarkskies,”saidWalker.“TheGlobeatNightdatasetisnecessaryinourongoingevaluationofchangesinskyglow,andweencouragewhoevercantogetinvolvedtohelpprotectthestarrynightsky.”8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“impeded”inthefirstparagraphmean?A.separated. B.disabled. C.demanded. D.protected.9.Whatdoesthelossofvisiblestarsleadto?A.Poorerhumanhealth. B.Fewerwildlifespecies.C.Moredelicatebiologicalsystems. D.Lessnightlycultureelementsofthesky.10.Whatdoestheauthorstressinparagraph5?A.Crowdsourceddataareinvaluable B.Shorterwavelengthsarehardtodetect.C.Satellitesplayavitalrole. D.WhiteLEDsarewidelyused.11.WhatcanbeinferredfromWalker’swords?A.Theirconsistenteffortspayoff. B.Thedatasetneedstobeupdated.C.Theskyglowhasbeenover-emphasized. D.Moreparticipantsareexpectedtojoinin.【答案】8.B9.D10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹光污染正在奪走我們的夜空，使得星星在我們眼前消失。【8題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“Intheendlesssky,theunaidedhumaneyeshouldbeabletoperceiveseveralthousandstarsonaclear,darknight.(在一望無際的天空中，在一個(gè)晴朗、黑暗的夜晚，人類的肉眼應(yīng)該能夠看到幾千顆星星)”以及劃線詞上文“Unfortunately,growinglightpollutionhas”可知，人類的肉眼本來可以看到幾千顆星星，不幸的是，日益嚴(yán)重的光污染卻使人們不能欣賞夜景。故劃線詞意思是“使……不能”。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Furthermore,thelossofvisiblestarsisagreatlossofhumanculturalheritage.Untilrelativelyrecently,humansthroughouthistoryhadanimpressiveviewofthestarrynightsky,andtheeffectofthisnightyspectacle(壯觀)isevidentinancientcultures.(此外，可見星星的損失是人類文化遺產(chǎn)的巨大損失。直到最近，歷史上的人類都能看到令人印象深刻的星空，這種夜間奇觀的影響在古代文化中很明顯)”可知，可見星星的缺失會導(dǎo)致較少的夜間天空文化元素。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第五段“Researchersfindthatthelossofvisiblestarsindicatesanincreaseinskybrightnessof9.6%peryearwhileroughly2%ismeasuredbysatellites.Existingsatellitesarenotwellsuitedtomeasuringskyglowasitappearstohumans,becausetheycannotdetectwavelengthsshorterthan500nanometers(納米).WhiteLEDs,withshorterwavelengthsunder500nanometers,nowareincreasinglycommonlyusedinoutdoorlighting.Buthumaneyesaremoresensitivetotheseshorterwavelengthsatnighttime.Space-basedinstrumentsdonotmeasurelightfromwindows,either.Butthesesourcesaresignificantcontributorstoskyglowusseenfromtheground.(研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，可見恒星的消失表明天空亮度每年增加9.6%，而衛(wèi)星測量的亮度大約為2%。現(xiàn)有的衛(wèi)星不太適合測量人類看到的天光，因?yàn)樗鼈儾荒芴綔y到短于500納米的波長。白光led波長較短，在500納米以下，現(xiàn)在越來越多地用于戶外照明。但人類的眼睛在夜間對這些較短的波長更敏感。天基儀器也不能測量窗戶發(fā)出的光。但這些光源是我們從地面上看到的天光的重要貢獻(xiàn)者)”可推知，作者在第五段中強(qiáng)調(diào)了眾包數(shù)據(jù)是無價(jià)的。故選A?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“TheGlobeatNightdatasetisnecessaryinourongoingevaluationofchangesinskyglow,andweencouragewhoevercantogetinvolvedtohelpprotectthestarrynightsky.(全球夜間數(shù)據(jù)集對于我們持續(xù)評估天空輝光的變化是必要的，我們鼓勵(lì)任何可以參與的人來幫助保護(hù)星空)”可推斷，Walker期望會有更多的參與者加入。故選D。DHavinghighself-controlisoftenseenasagoodthing.It’sbelievedtobethekeytosuccessinlife.ButassuggestedinatheorypublishedbyProfessorThomasLynch,itmaynotalwaysbeagoodthing—andforsome,itcouldbelinkedtocertainmentalhealthproblems.AccordingtoLynch’stheory,everyoneleans(偏向)moretowardsoneoftwopersonalitystyles:undercontrolorovercontrol.Beingundercontrolledorovercontrolledisneithergoodnorbadbecausemostofusarepsychologicallyflexible,andcanadapttodifferentsituations.So,regardlessofwhetherwe'reovercontrolledorundercontrolled,thisflexibilityhelpsusdealwithlife'schallengesandsetbacksinaconstructiveway.Butwhenwearemuchlessflexible,bothundercontrolandovercontrolcanbecomeproblematic.Mostofusareprobablymorefamiliarwithhighlyundercontrolledpeople,whomaystruggletocontroltheiremotionsandtheirbehaviorsmaybeunpredictable.Thiscannegativelyaffecttheirrelationships,education,work,andhealth.Unfortunately,overcontrolisn'ttalkedaboutasmuch.Thismaybebecauseovercontrolledcharacteristics—suchaspersistence,theabilitytomakeplansandsticktothem,pursuingperfection,andbeingincontrolofemotions-areoftenhighlyregardedinoursociety.However,highlyovercontrolledpeoplemaystruggletoadapttochanges.Theymaybelessopentonewexperiences.Theymayexperiencebitterfeelingsofenvytowardsothers,andstruggletorelaxandhavefuninmanysocialsituations.Theymayalsousefewergestures,andrarelysmileorcry.Together,thesemaymakeapersonmorelikelytoexperiencesocialisolationandloneliness.Thismayeventuallycausetheirmentalhealthtoworsen.Alongsidehistheory,Lynchalsodevelopedatreatmentdesignedtotreatissuesofovercontrol.Ithelpsovercontrolledpeoplebyteachingthemhowtoletgooftheneedtoalwaysbeincontrol,bemoreopenabouttheiremotions,bettercommunicatewithotherpeople,andbemoreflexibleinchangingsituations.Continuedworkinthefieldwillhopefullymakeiteasierforpeopletogetthehelptheyneed.12.Howdoespsychologicalflexibilityhelppeople?A.Itbacksadjustingtochangeseffectively.B.Itassistsindealingwithsimilarsituations.C.Itsupportsovercomingphysicalchallenges.D.Itencourageschoosingtherightpersonalitystyle.13.Whyisovercontrolledpersonalitylesstalkedabout?A.Itisinsignificant. B.Itisunderestimated. C.Itfitssocialvalues. D.Ithaschangingfeatures.14.Whatcanbeinferredabouthighlyovercontrolledpeopleinparagraph5?A.Theyignoretheirmentalhealth. B.Theyknowlittleofbodygestures.C.Theyexperiencefewnewemotions. D.Theyhaveapoorsocialsupportnetwork.15.WhatisLynch’ssuggestionforhighlyovercontrolledpeople?A.Acceptingmorechanges. B.Interactingwithothersmore.C.Evaluatingfeelingsmoreoften. D.Releasingmorepersonalneeds.【答案】12.A13.C14.D15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了過度控制對心理健康的影響。雖然過度控制的人具備的特質(zhì)通常被社會所重視，但他們可能面臨難以適應(yīng)變化、社交孤立和孤獨(dú)等問題。過度控制的人應(yīng)該不要總是控制自己的需求，要更好地表達(dá)情感并與他人溝通?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的“Beingundercontrolledorovercontrolledisneithergoodnorbadbecausemostofusarepsychologicallyflexible,andcanadapttodifferentsituations.(受到控制或過度控制既不好也不壞，因?yàn)槲覀兇蠖鄶?shù)人的心理都很靈活，能夠適應(yīng)不同的情況)”可知，心理靈活性使人們能夠在生活中靈活地適應(yīng)不同的情況。因此，心理靈活性有助于人們有效地適應(yīng)變化。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Unfortunately,overcontrolisn'ttalkedaboutasmuch.Thismaybebecauseovercontrolledcharacteristics—suchaspersistence,theabilitytomakeplansandsticktothem,pursuingperfection,andbeingincontrolofemotions-areoftenhighlyregardedinoursociety.(不幸的是，過度控制并沒有被談?wù)撃敲炊唷＿@可能是因?yàn)檫^度控制的特征——比如堅(jiān)持、制定計(jì)劃并堅(jiān)持下去的能力、追求完美和控制情緒的能力——在我們的社會中往往受到高度重視)”可知，過度控制的人的特征（如堅(jiān)持不懈、制訂并堅(jiān)持執(zhí)行計(jì)劃的能力、追求完美和控制情緒）通常在我們的社會中受到高度重視，由此可推知，過度控制的個(gè)性符合社會價(jià)值觀，所以很少被提及。故選C?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Theymayexperiencebitterfeelingsofenvytowardsothers,andstruggletorelaxandhavefuninmanysocialsituations.Theymayalsousefewergestures,andrarelysmileorcry.Together,thesemaymakeapersonmorelikelytoexperiencesocialisolationandloneliness.

(他們可能會對他人產(chǎn)生嫉妒的苦澀情緒，并在許多社交場合努力放松和享受樂趣。他們也可能較少使用手勢，很少微笑或哭泣。這些因素加在一起可能會使一個(gè)人更容易經(jīng)歷社會孤立和孤獨(dú))”可知，過度控制的人可能很難適應(yīng)各種變化，可能不太愿意接受新體驗(yàn)，可能對他人產(chǎn)生苦澀的嫉妒情緒，也可能難以在社交場合中放松和享受樂趣。這些因素可能使他們更容易經(jīng)歷社交孤立和孤獨(dú)。由此可以推斷出，過度控制的人可能擁有較差的社交支持網(wǎng)。故選D。【15題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Ithelpsovercontrolledpeoplebyteachingthemhowtoletgooftheneedtoalwaysbeincontrol,bemoreopenabouttheiremotions,bettercommunicatewithotherpeople,andbemoreflexibleinchangingsituations.

(它幫助過度控制的人，教會他們?nèi)绾畏畔驴偸强刂谱约旱男枰?，更開放地對待自己的情緒，更好地與他人溝通，在不斷變化的情況下更靈活)”可知，Lynch針對過度控制問題研發(fā)了一種治療方法，教過度控制的人如何不要總是控制自己的需求，更加開放地表達(dá)情感，與他人更好地溝通，并在不斷變化的情況下更具靈活性。由此可推知，Lynch給過度控制的人的建議包括“更多地與他人互動(dòng)”這一條。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題3分，共15分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Itisneverfuntolistentocriticism.Ifitisconstructive,thenyoucanuseittobecomeamorewell-roundedperson.Ifit’sonlymeanttoharmyou,thenyoucanworkonshakingitofflikeabadhabit.Howtodealwithcriticismwisely?____16____Acceptthatyou’renotperfect.Thisisagreatwaytodealwithcriticism.Tobeabletotakealittlebitoffeedback(反饋),youcan’tkeepthinkingthatyoucandonowrong.Nobody’sperfect,soifyouthinkyou’reperfect,thenyou’renobody.Everypersonhasdisadvantages.____17____Seeifthere’ssometruthtoit.Ifthefeedbackiscomingfromapersonwhohasyourbestinterestinmind,thenyouhavetoconsiderthepossibilitythattherereallyissometruthtothosewords.____18____Iftenpeoplesaythatyouareselfish,thentheycan’tallbewrong,canthey?Takeamomenttoconsiderthepossibilitythatthispersonisreallyontosomething.____19____Ifyouhavereceivedsomecriticismdeliveredinafriendlyandhelpfulway,orjustinawaymeanttobehonestandclear,justtakethetimetothankthepersonandtosaythatyouappreciatethefactthatthepersontoldyousomethingthatcanmakeyouanevenbetterfriend,student,orprofessional.Stopmakingexcuses.Ifsomeoneisgivingyoureasonablecriticism,stopmakingexcuses.Ifyougetdefensiveandmakeexcuses,thenthepersonwon’tbeabletofinishtellingyouexactlywhatheorshemeans,andyouwon’tgettheinformationyouneedtoreallyimprove.It’snaturalthatwefeeldefensiveandgetthefeelingthatwecandonowrong.____20____A.Thankthepersonforbeinghonest.B.Thefollowingtipscanbehelpfultoyou.C.Workonbeinglesssensitive.D.Ifyoudon’tseeanyofyours,you’renotanalyzingyourselfascloselyasyoushould.E.It’sevenmorelikelyifyou’veheardsimilarcommentsbefore.F.Mostpeopleareabletodealwithcriticismproperly.G.Butit’simportanttohearpeopleoutbeforeyoucutthemofftoproveyou’reperfect.【答案】16.B17.D18.E19.A20.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了明智地對待批評的一些建議，接受不完美，認(rèn)真聽取他人的批評，真誠感謝他人，別找借口。【16題詳解】前文“Howtodealwithcriticismwisely?(如何明智地對待批評？)”引出明智地對待批評的話題，后文四個(gè)段落給出了具體的建議，因此B項(xiàng)“Thefollowingtipscanbehelpfultoyou.(下面的建議可能會對你有所幫助。)”符合語境，提到下面分享建議，承前啟后。故選B。【17題詳解】前文“Nobody’sperfect,soifyouthinkyou’reperfect,thenyou’renobody.Everypersonhasdisadvantages.(沒有人是完美的，所以如果你認(rèn)為自己是完美的，那你就什么都不是。每個(gè)人都有缺點(diǎn)。)”提到人人不完美，都有缺點(diǎn)，因此D項(xiàng)“Ifyoudon’tseeanyofyours,you’renotanalyzingyourselfascloselyasyoushould.(如果你看不到自己的任何缺點(diǎn)，那你就沒有充分地分析自己。)”符合語境，指出看不到自己的缺點(diǎn)意味著沒有充分地分析自己，承接前文。故選D。【18題詳解】前文“Ifthefeedbackiscomingfromapersonwhohasyourbestinterestinmind,thenyouhavetoconsiderthepossibilitythattherereallyissometruthtothosewords.(如果反饋來自一個(gè)最關(guān)心你的人，那么你必須考慮這些話是否真的有一些道理。)”建議去考慮最關(guān)心自己的人給出的反饋，后文“Iftenpeoplesaythatyouareselfish,thentheycan’tallbewrong,canthey?(如果十個(gè)人都說你自私，那他們不可能都是錯(cuò)的，對吧？)”指出別人一致給出的評論很有可能是中肯的，因此E項(xiàng)“It’sevenmorelikelyifyou’veheardsimilarcommentsbefore.(如果你之前聽過類似的評論，那就更有可能了。)”符合語境，指出類似的評論的存在表明別人的反饋很可能真的有道理，承前啟后，后一句是對選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容的解釋和支撐。故選E。【19題詳解】空處位于段首，是段落主旨句，需統(tǒng)領(lǐng)段落內(nèi)容，且需和其他段首句一樣使用祈使句的形式，根據(jù)后文“Ifyouhavereceivedsomecriticismdeliveredinafriendlyandhelpfulway,orjustinawaymeanttobehonestandclear,justtakethetimetothankthepersonandtosaythatyouappreciatethefactthatthepersontoldyousomethingthatcanmakeyouanevenbetterfriend,student,orprofessional.(如果你收到了一些以友好和有益的方式傳達(dá)的批評，或者只是以一種誠實(shí)和清晰的方式，那就花點(diǎn)時(shí)間感謝那個(gè)人，并說你很感激這個(gè)人告訴你的事情，這會讓你成為更好的朋友、學(xué)生或?qū)I(yè)人士。)”可知，本段主要建議感謝他人善意地向自己傳達(dá)批評，因此A項(xiàng)“Thankthepersonforbeinghonest.(感謝對方的誠實(shí)。)”符合語境，指出要表達(dá)感謝，契合段落內(nèi)容。故選A?！?0題詳解】前文“It’snaturalthatwefeeldefensiveandgetthefeelingthatwecandonowrong.(我們很自然地會感到自我防衛(wèi)，覺得自己不會做錯(cuò)。)”提到面對批評有自我防衛(wèi)的反應(yīng)是自然的，因此C項(xiàng)“Workonbeinglesssensitive.(學(xué)著不那么敏感。)”符合語境，給出處理這種反應(yīng)的建議，要學(xué)會不那么敏感，承接前文。故選C。第三部分：語言知識運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Acoupleofyearsago,IwasonanearlymorningflighttoEcuador.____21____,duringsuchlongjourneys,Iwouldputonmyheadphonesandgotosleep.____22____,onthisparticularday,Idecidedtotakealittlerisk.Ibrokethesilenceandstarteda____23____withthemansittingnexttome.Ilearnedthatthiscompanionwasa____24____andwehadafascinatingconversation.Mid-flight,Igatheredthecouragetotakeanother____25____,sharingwithhimabookproposalIputtogetherforsomethingIwasdoinginmyclass.Hereadit,butpolitely____26____it.Thatriskdidn’t____27____.Uponlanding,weexchangedcontactinformation.Monthslater,I____28____him,invitinghimtomyclasstodiscussaprojectonredesigningthebook.Isharedmystudents’projectvideos.Oneparticularproject____29____Mark’sinterest.Heexpressedadesiretomeetthesestudents.IadmittedIwasalittlebit____30____forheseemedmoreinterestedinworkingwithmystudentsthanme.Aftermeetingthestudents,I,togetherwithhimandhiscolleagues,hadadinnertogetherwherelifeonceagainshoweda(n)____31____turn.Duringthisdinner,oneofhiseditorsaskedmeifI’deverconsideredwritingabook.Isharedthe____32____proposalthatIhadshowedhisbossayearearlier.Withinafortnight,wehadacontract,andwithintwoyears,overamillionbookshadbeensoldaroundtheworld.Thisjourneymayseemlucky,butit____33____aseriesofsmallrisks,beginningwitha____34____“hello”.Anyonecanfollowthispathbyembracingthesesmallrisksandfinally____35____yourchancesofbeinglucky.21.A.Fortunately B.Curiously C.Thankfully D.Typically22.A.Therefore B.However C.Otherwise D.Besides23.A.conversation B.discussion C.consideration D.resolution24.A.writer B.teacher C.publisher D.photographer25.A.choice B.lesson C.task D.risk26.A.declined B.agreed C.decreased D.maintained27.A.turnout B.workout C.standout D.runout28.A.madefriendswith B.arguedwith C.lostcontactwith D.reachedoutto29.A.caught B.focused C.convinced D.opposed30.A.stressed B.scared C.amazed D.upset31.A.intentional B.unexpected C.wrong D.improper32.A.same B.updated C.different D.dated133.A.restored