2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit7Artlesson1練習(xí)含解析北師大版必修3

PAGEUnit7ArtLesson1詞匯學(xué)問·自主學(xué)習(xí)Ⅰ.依據(jù)語境寫出正確單詞1.showathinfigurewithanexpressionoffear顯出一個瘦弱的身影,臉上帶著恐驚的表情2.makepeopleseeyellowspots 讓人們看到黃點(diǎn)3.letoutapowerfulscream 發(fā)出一聲有力的尖叫

4.stayingatahomeforthementallyill 待在一家精神病院里5.paintthemassivecircles 畫大圓圈6.beneaththisamazingsky 在這片奇妙的天空下7.affecthissenseofsight 影響他的視覺

8.hearthescreamofnature 傾聽大自然的呼喊9.paintthesamescene27times 同一個場景畫了27次10.seemlikequiteamysteriousscene 看起來很奇妙

11.producedifferentreactionsinviewers 在觀眾中產(chǎn)生了不同的反應(yīng)Ⅱ.依據(jù)語境寫出短語的含義1.Whenshesawhim,sheletout(發(fā)出)acryofhorror.2.Let’sseton(起先)byreviewingwhatwedidlastweek.3.Atypicaltrainingprogrammetakestheformofaseriesof(一系列)workshops.4.Theyshouldbegivenaccesstothecomputeritisconnectedto(與……連接的).5.Asfor(關(guān)于)theproblem,Ithinkitisawisechoiceforyoutobuyane-dictionary.6.Moreover,youmayhavechancetoplaywith(同……一起玩)outstandingplayers.7.Similarly,Amazonisfullof(充溢)freee-books,withalistofthetop100freee-books.8.Alwaysremembertoloveyourmother,becauseonlyhaveonemotherinyourlifetime(在你的一生中)!9.Ourcountryisdevelopingatanamazingspeed(以驚人的速度),whichiswhatmakesmefeelsoproud.Ⅲ.補(bǔ)全句子1.Whatisstrangeisthatabovethehouseandthetree,weseeadaytimeskyfullofbrightnessandsoftwhiteclouds.驚奇的是,在房子和樹木之上,我們看到光明的天空和松軟的白云。

2.Itshowsabeautifulhouselitbylightsfrominside,surroundedbythedarknessofnight.它展示了一座美麗的房子,房子里充溢了燈光,外面被夜晚的黑暗包圍。

3.Healsotookadrugthatcanmakepeopleseeyellowspots,justlikethestarsinTheStarryNight.他還服用了一種能讓人看到黃色斑點(diǎn)的藥物,就像《星月夜》中的星星一樣。

4.ManyexpertssaythatTheScreamisconnectedtoMunch’smentalheathproblems,whichcausedhimalotofpain.很多專家說,《呼喊》與蒙克的心理健康問題有關(guān),這給他帶來了很多苦痛。

5.Magrittewasapainterinspiredbyhisthoughtsandideas.

馬格利特是一位受到自己思想和想法啟發(fā)的畫家。6.Hisviewwasthatartshouldshocktheviewersandchallengetheirsenseofreality.

他的觀點(diǎn)是藝術(shù)應(yīng)當(dāng)震撼觀眾,挑戰(zhàn)他們的現(xiàn)實(shí)感。閱讀精析·合作學(xué)習(xí)Task1框架宏觀建構(gòu):整體理解

1.Skimthepassageandfillintheblanks.Paras.1-3:Introducetheauthorand①__________processofTheStarryNight.

Paras.4-6:Introducetheauthorandcreation②__________ofTheScream.

Paras.7-9:Introducethe③__________andcreationprocessofTheEmpireofLight.

答案:①creation②process③author2.Whatisthetexttypeofthepassage?A.Narration(記敘文). B.ArgumentativeEssay(爭論文).C.ExpositoryWriting(說明文). D.PracticalWriting(應(yīng)用文).答案:C3.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?Thepassageismainlyaboutthecreationprocessofthemasterpiecesofthethreepaintersandpeople’scommentsontheirpaintings.

【尋技巧·提實(shí)力】1.Skim(略讀)Skim指“略讀”,又稱閱讀,指的是跳過文章的詳細(xì)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)不看,只看文章的圖片、標(biāo)題或者各段的主旨句等,在短時(shí)間內(nèi)快速駕馭文章的主旨和大意的閱讀方法。它屬于理解性技能。2.如何用Skim策略找主題句?(1)段落首句是主題句的規(guī)律①賜予例證、說明或說明的段落;②下定義的段落;③對兩個或兩個以上的事物作比較或?qū)Ρ鹊亩温?④表明緣由和結(jié)果(往往結(jié)果交代在前)的段落。(2)段落中間句是主題句的規(guī)律段落特征:描述細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)——提出主題——說明或提問。(3)段落尾句是主題句的規(guī)律段落特征:描述細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)或交代論據(jù)——做出概括。3.什么是自述式說明文?自述式說明文就是作者以自己的口吻對某個事物或現(xiàn)象的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展特性、性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)功能等進(jìn)行闡述、介紹、說明或說明的文章。它常用舉例、比較、分類或敘述等方法說明事物。Task2文本微觀剖析:細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)探究

1.Choosethebestanswer.(1)WhoisthepainterofTheEmpireofLight?A.EdvardMunch. B.VincentvanGogh.C.LeonardodaVinci. D.RenéMagritte.(2)Whatcanwelearnfromthetext?A.VanGoghwasafamousartistwhenhewasalive.B.TheStarryNightisasuccessfulworkofVanGogh.C.VanGoghpaintedTheStarryNightusingacommonmethod.D.TheStarryNightsoldwellbeforeVanGoghdied.(3)WhendidMunchpaintTheScream?A.In1893.B.In1889.C.In1953.D.In1954.(4)WhydidMagrittepainthisworks?A.HewasencouragedbyVanGogh.B.HelovedEdvardMunch’sworks.C.Hewasinfluencedbyhisownthoughtsandideas.D.Helovedthenatureandgotinspirationsfromit.答案:(1)～(4)DBAC2.Rereadthepassageandfillintheblanks.TheStarryNightTheScreamTheEmpireofLightwriters(1)VincentvanGoghEdvardMunchRenéMagritteWhatmayhaveinspiredthepainter?VanGogh’s(2)mentalillnessmayhaveaffectedhissenseofsight.Healsotookadrugthatcanmakepeopleseeyellowspots.Hewaswalkingdowntheroadwithtwofriendswhenthesunset;suddenlytheskyturnedasredasblood...Hestoodthereshaking.Thenheheardthe(3)screamofnature.Hewasinspiredbyhis(4)thoughtsandideas.OpinionsaboutthepaintingHealsothoughtitwasa(5)failure.ItisconnectedtoMunch’smentalhealthproblems,whichcausedhimalotof(6)pain.Hethoughtthatthechangebetweendayandnightinthepaintingswas(7)surprising.3.Longsentenceanalysis.(1)Inhisdiary(狀語),Munch(主語)talkedabout(謂語)whatinspiredhim(賓語從句).

譯文:蒙克在他的日記中談到了靈感的來源。(2)Whatmakesitstriking(主語從句)is(系動詞)thatitshowsathinfigurewithanexpressionoffear(表語從句)—thefigure’smouth(主語)is(系動詞)wideopen(表語)andlettingout(謂語)apowerfulscream(賓語).

譯文:這幅畫富有沖擊力,畫中有一個表情恐驚的瘦弱身影——嘴巴大張,正發(fā)出劇烈的尖叫聲。Task3閱讀思維升華:主題實(shí)踐

1.Whatarethenamesofthethreepaintings?(CriticalThinking批判性思維)TheStarryNight;TheScream;TheEmpireofLight.

2.What’syouropinionofthethreepaintingsafterreadingthepassage?(CreativeThinking創(chuàng)建性思維)Inmyopinion,thethreepaintingsarefullofartisticbeautyandgivepeoplethespacetoimagine.

要點(diǎn)精研·探究學(xué)習(xí)1.figuren.數(shù)字;人物;身材;圖形vt.計(jì)算;認(rèn)為*(2024·江蘇高考)Naomimanagedtofigureout16ofSteve’sfavorite,andmostpersonal,songs.娜奧米想出了16首史蒂夫最寵愛的、最特性化的歌曲。*(2024·天津高考)IfiguredIneededtodothesametoensureagoodcareer.我想我須要這樣做才能保證我有個好工作。*Heisapersonwecanalwaysfigureontocompletehisjobs.他是一個我們常常可以希望其完成任務(wù)的人。*By2004,thisfigurehadrisento14million.到2004年為止,這個數(shù)字已增長到1400萬。*She’salwayshadagoodfigure.她一向體態(tài)美麗。*Themovementissupportedbykeyfiguresinthethreemainpoliticalparties.這場運(yùn)動由3個主要政黨的重要人物支持。figureout計(jì)算出;想出;理解figureon 希望;準(zhǔn)備figurethat... 認(rèn)為……【巧學(xué)助記】圖文巧記figure一詞多義(1)語法填空。①TheonlyproblemisthatIcan’tfigureoutwhyshe’dwanttodateaguylikeme.

②Itfiguresonwhatthecustomerwantstousehis/herpencilfor.(2)Wemustfigureouthowtosolve(想出如何解決)theproblem.

(3)Wecanfigureonhimtojointhework.

我們可以希望他參與這項(xiàng)工作。2.massiveadj.大量的;巨大的,厚重的;魁偉的*Theexplosionmadeamassiveholeintheground.爆炸在地面上留下了一個巨大的坑。*Theyhaveamassivegreathouse.他們有一座特別大的房子。*Thepagewascoveredwithamassoffigures.紙上寫滿了密密麻麻的數(shù)字。*Hismusiciscommercial.Itisaimedatthemasses.他的音樂很商業(yè)化,針對的是一般大眾。(1)massivelyadv.大量地;沉重地;莊重地(2)mass n.塊,團(tuán);群眾,民眾;大量;質(zhì)量massof... 大量;很多themasses 群眾;平民百姓(1)語法填空。①Governmentattemptstosuppressdissatisfactionamongthemasses.

②Theyinsistthetaxwillmassively(massive)reducefutureinvestment.(2)Istruggledthroughthemassofpeople(人群里)totheexit.

3.affectvt.影響;使感動;假裝;侵襲*(2024·天津高考)Theseactionshavegreatlyaffectedtheecologicalbalance.這些行動極大地影響了生態(tài)平衡。*Thewholefoodchainisaffectedbytheoveruseofchemicalsinagriculture.整個食物鏈因農(nóng)業(yè)中過度運(yùn)用化學(xué)制品而受到影響。*Thismayhaveaneffectonfoodprices.這將會對食品價(jià)格有所影響。*Theworld’sfirstanti-tobaccotreatyhascomeintoeffect.世界上第一個煙草限制條約已經(jīng)起先生效。(1)beaffectedby...被……打動(2)effect n.結(jié)果,作用,影響haveaneffecton 對……有影響comeintoeffect 起先生效【巧學(xué)助記】Drinkingtoomuchhasabadeffectonyourhealth,sogiveupdrinkingtopreventalcoholfromaffectingyourbody.飲酒太多對你的健康有害,所以你要戒酒以防止酒精影響你的身體。(1)語法填空。①Shewasdeeplyaffected(affect)bythesadstory.②Overseasinvestmenthashadapositiveeffectonexports.③Factoriesthatgaveoutharmfulgaseswereallshutdownafterthepolicycameintoeffect.(2)句型轉(zhuǎn)換。Thehomeenvironmentcanaffectachild’sgrowth.→Thehomeenvironmentcanhaveaneffectonachild’sgrowth.

4.spotn.(圓)點(diǎn);斑點(diǎn)vt.認(rèn)出;弄臟adj.現(xiàn)場的(spot-spotted-spotted-spotting)*(2024·江蘇高考)AssoonasChristiansensawthephotos,herealizedwhyhehadfailedtospotthecaldera.克里斯琴森一看到照片,就明白了為什么他沒能找到破火山口。*(2024?天津高考)Shesaidshespottedmywalletonabusseat.她說她在公共汽車座位上發(fā)覺了我的錢包。*Heansweredthequestiononthespot.他當(dāng)場就回答了那個問題。*Neighboursspottedsmokecomingoutofthehouse.鄰居們發(fā)覺有煙從這所房子里冒出來。(1)onthespot當(dāng)場(2)spotsb.doingsth. 發(fā)覺某人正在做某事bespottedwith 散布;點(diǎn)綴(1)語法填空。①Thosespots(spot)helpithideinthejungle.②Ifyoulikethem,youcanbuythemonthespot.

③Ispottedhimsleeping(sleep)intheclassroom.④Thenightskyisspottedwithtwinklingstars.

(2)Thepolicewereonthespotwithinfiveminutes.

警察在五分鐘內(nèi)就到了出事地點(diǎn)。(3)Theworker’scoatwasspottedwithoil.

那個工人的外套上滿是油斑。5.failuren.[C]失敗的人/事[U]失敗*(2024·全國卷Ⅲ)Someoftheearlyventures(企業(yè))wereimmediatefailures.一些早期的企業(yè)很快就失敗了。*Aquickreviewofsuccessesandfailuresattheendofyearwillhelpsharpenyouryearahead.年末時(shí)快速回顧一年的勝利和失敗將有助于你在新的一年進(jìn)一步磨礪自己。*Persisentpeoplebegintheirsuccesswhereothersendinfailure.在他人以失敗告終的地方,堅(jiān)持不懈者起先其勝利。*Apowerfailurecreatedanemergencyintrafficandtransportation.一次停電使交通運(yùn)輸陷入緊急狀況。*Theyalsofailtorealizehowmuchtheyeat.他們也沒意識到自己吃了多少。(1)endinfailure以失敗告終heartfailure 心力衰竭successandfailure 勝利與失敗powerfailure 停電(2)fail vi.失敗,不及格;衰退failtodo 未能做failure作“失敗”講是不行數(shù)名詞,表示抽象意義;作“失敗者,失敗的事”講是可數(shù)名詞,表示詳細(xì)意義。這種用法被稱為“抽象名詞的詳細(xì)化”。Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失敗是勝利之母。(1)語法填空。①Hardasshetried,shefailedtopass(pass)theexam.

②Asamusicianhewasafailure,butasanartist,hewasagreatsuccess.

(2)Hardworkleadstosuccessandfailureoftenliesinlaziness.

勤奮通向勝利,失敗源于懶散。(3)Theirlongstruggleendedinfailure.

他們的長期斗爭以失敗告終。6.screamvi.尖叫;咆哮;發(fā)出尖銳刺耳的聲音*Hecoveredhermouthtostopherfromscreaming.他捂上她的嘴,不讓她叫出聲來。*Thebabyscreamedoutforfood.嬰兒哭叫著要食物。screamout尖叫【學(xué)問延長】“vi.+out”的短語有:cryout大聲呼喊l(fā)aughout 大笑(1)Whenyoureadthejokesinthisissue,laughoutloud(大聲笑出來).

(2)Hewascryingoutinpain(他在苦痛地大叫著)whentheambulancearrived.

(3)Shetriedtoscreamoutloud,butthere’snosound.

她試圖大聲尖叫,但是卻沒有聲音。7.strikingadj.驚人的;顯著的*Itsmoststrikingfeature,though,isonlyfoundintheyoung.然而,它最引人注目的特點(diǎn)只能在年輕人身上發(fā)覺。*Thechildranintotheroadandwasstruckbyacar.孩子跑到馬路上被車撞了。*Hestruckthetablewithhisfist.他用拳頭打桌子。*Abouttwomillionworkerswentonstrikein1919.大約兩百萬工人在1919年罷工。【導(dǎo)圖理詞】【巧學(xué)助記】Strikewhiletheironishot.趁熱打鐵。(1)語法填空。①Agoodideastruck(strike)measIwasteachingstudentshowtosolvetheproblems.②Itstruckmethatwemaymissthelastbus.③Staffatthehospitalwentonstrikeinprotestattheincidents.④IwasstruckbythebeautyoftheWest(2)Iwasdeeplystruckby(給我留下深刻印象)herhonesty.

(3)Itstruckherthat(她突然想到)sheforgottolockthedoor.

8.causen.緣由;事業(yè);目標(biāo)vt.引起;使遭遇*Unemploymentisamajorcauseofpoverty.失業(yè)是貧困的主要緣由。*Animalwelfarecampaignersraised￡70,000fortheircauselastyear.動物愛護(hù)主義者去年為他們的事業(yè)募集了7萬英鎊。*Dotheyknowwhatcausedthefire?他們知道引起這場火災(zāi)的緣由嗎?(1)acauseforsth.理由;動機(jī);原因with/withoutgoodcause 理由充分;無緣無故befor/inagoodcause 做好事;行善(2)causesb.todosth. 促使某人做某事(1)語法填空。①Thereisnocauseforconcern.

②Don’tcomplainwithoutgoodcause.

③Hewasrespectedbecausehewasinagoodcause.

④Don’tcausehimtodo(do)somethingthathedoesn’twanttodo.

(2)Onlyafewpeoplecanfindanycauseforcelebration(找到慶祝的理由).

(3)Theprojectisstillcausinghimalotofproblems(仍舊給他帶來很多的麻煩).

9.reactionn.反應(yīng),回應(yīng)(與to連用)*However,onSeptember12,1933,physicistLeoSzilardinventedtheneutron-inducednuclearchainreaction.然而,1933年9月12日,物理學(xué)家利奧·西拉德(LeoSzilard)獨(dú)創(chuàng)了中子引發(fā)的核鏈?zhǔn)椒磻?yīng)。*Moreover,IcanfindoutwhethermyreactionstoaneventarereasonableenoughbyreadingaboutthoseofothersontheInternet.此外,我可以通過在網(wǎng)上閱讀別人的反應(yīng)來推斷我對事務(wù)的反應(yīng)是否足夠合理。*Inreactiontothephenomenon,somepeoplecalledforraisingtheairpollutiontax.為了應(yīng)對這一現(xiàn)象,有人要求增加空氣污染稅。*Onlywhenwereacttoemergenciesinlifecalmlycanwesolveproblemsinabetterway.只有我們冷靜應(yīng)對生活中的緊急狀況,我們才能更好地解決問題。*Howdoacidsreactonmetals?酸對金屬起什么反應(yīng)?*Ofcourse,mostparentswon’treactwithextremeanger.當(dāng)然,大多數(shù)的父母不會有極度生氣的反應(yīng)。(1)inreactionto為了應(yīng)對(2)reactto... 對……做出反應(yīng)reactagainst... 抗拒,反對……reactwith 和……發(fā)生化學(xué)反應(yīng)reacton/upon 對……起作用/有影響【巧學(xué)助記】Pleasesharehowyoureactedtothesituationandthecauseofyourreaction.請共享針對這種狀況你是如何做出反應(yīng)的以及你的(這種)反應(yīng)的緣由。(1)語法填空。①Aspokesmansaidthechangeswerenotinreactiontothecompany’srecentlosses.②HowdidshereacttothenewsthatthemassiveearthquakehappenedinJapan?③Inhisspeech,hereactedagainstthepriceincreases.(2)Thegovernmenttookmanymeasuresinreactionto(為了應(yīng)對)thechangeoftheclimate.

(3)Howdidhereacttoyoursuggestion?

他對你的建議有什么反應(yīng)?(4)Childrentendtoreactagainsttheirparents(抗拒父母)bygoingagainsttheirwishes.

10.Whatisstrangeisthatabovethehouseandthetree,weseeadaytimeskyfullofbrightnessandsoftwhiteclouds.

驚奇的是,在房子和樹之上,我們看到光明的天空和松軟的白云?！揪涫浇鈽?gòu)】What在句中引導(dǎo)主語從句,且在從句中作主語。*Whatshesawfrightenedher.她看到的事情嚇了她一跳。*Whatwasonceregardedasimpossiblehasnowbecomeareality.曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為不行能的事情現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)變成了事實(shí)。*Whathurtourfeelingsmostwasthepersonalcommentofthejudge.最傷我們感情的是法官的私下評論。*Whatisgoneisgone.過去的事就過去了。what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句相當(dāng)于名詞的作用,可作主語、賓語、表語,且what在從句中可用作主語、賓語或表語。(1)Mytopictodayiswhatmostscientistsareresearching.(表語從句)我今日的話題就是大多數(shù)科學(xué)家正在探討的課題。(2)Whathehastoldusisofgreatimportance.(主語從句)他告知我們的(事情)至關(guān)重要。(3)Thequestionwhatmakesthematterworsehasbeenpuzzlingme.(同位語從句)什么使?fàn)顩r更糟的問題始終在困擾著我。(4)Themanagertoldusthathewantedtotakebackwhathehadsaid.(賓語從句)經(jīng)理告知我們他想收回他說過的話。(1)Hehasgotwhathewants.

他已經(jīng)得到了他想要的東西。(2)Themanisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.

這個男人不再像他從前那樣了。(3)他什么時(shí)候回來還不能確定。譯:Whenhewillcomebackisnotsure.

【學(xué)問延長】what在引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時(shí)的含義是什么?(1)什么(內(nèi)容)Shedoesn’tknowwhatshecoulddowiththeproblem.(2)……的人Heisnolongerwhatheusedtobe.(3)……的話Whatthepresidentsaidatthemeetingisveryimportant.(4)……的事Theydon’tknowwhathappenedjustnow.11.Itshowsabeautifulhouselitbylightsfrominside,surroundedbythedarknessofnight.

畫中有一座美麗的房子,房子里充溢了燈光,外面被夜晚的黑暗包圍?！揪涫浇鈽?gòu)】surroundedbythedarknessofnight在此作狀語,它的邏輯主語是abeautifulhouse,二者之間為邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系。*Askedwhyhewaslate,hecried.被問到為什么遲到時(shí),他哭了。*Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.小偷假如被抓,會受到警方的懲處。*Delightedwithherwork,theymadeherthegeneralmanager.他們很觀賞她的工作,讓她當(dāng)了總經(jīng)理。*Builtin1192,thebridgeisover800yearsold.這座橋是1192年修的,已經(jīng)有800多年的歷史了。分詞(短語)作狀語分詞(短語)在句中作狀語,應(yīng)依據(jù)句子的主語與分詞間的關(guān)系來定:若分詞與句子主語之間為主動關(guān)系,用現(xiàn)在分詞;為被動關(guān)系,用過去分詞。若分詞表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞之前,則用分詞完成時(shí)。(1)Questionedaboutthecaseofmurder,hebecametense.當(dāng)被盤問關(guān)于謀殺案的事情時(shí),他變得很驚慌。(2)Takenaroundthecity,wewereimpressedbythecity’snewlook.=Afterwehadbeentakenaroundthecity,wewereimpressedbythecity’snewlook.當(dāng)被帶領(lǐng)參觀完這座城市后,我們對該城市的新面貌印象深刻。(1)Toldthathismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhomequickly.

李雷得知母親生病了,立刻趕回了家。(2)Satisfiedwithwhathedid,theteacherpraisedhiminclass.老師對他所做的事情很滿足,于是在班上表揚(yáng)了他。

(3)Explainedahundredtimes,hestillcan’tunderstandit.

即使給他說明一百遍,他還是不明白。(4)Eventhoughhewastrainedtenhoursaday,hewillstillbeafool.→(分詞作狀語)Trainedtenhoursaday,hewillstillbeafool.

即使每天訓(xùn)練十個小時(shí),他也還會是個傻瓜。拓視野·觀天下1.Amazonexecutiveswouldtellyou:theemptychair,theinternalnicknameofthefigurethatrulestheirlives.亞馬遜的高管們會告知你:這張空椅子,是統(tǒng)治他們生活的人物的內(nèi)部昵稱。2.Althoughtourisminevitablyaffectstheregioninwhichittakesplace,thecoststothesefragileenvironmentsandtheirlocalculturescanbeminimized.雖然旅游業(yè)不行避開地會影響到它發(fā)生的地區(qū),但這些脆弱的環(huán)境和當(dāng)?shù)匚幕某杀究梢宰钚』?.ItiseasytoenjoySingaporewiththeCitySightseeingopen-toptouringsystem.Spotaninterestingplaceorsight?Simplyhopoffandwalkaroundandyoucancontinuethetourlaterbyhoppingonthenextbus.有開放式的旅游系統(tǒng)很簡潔就能享受到新加坡的城市風(fēng)光。發(fā)覺一個好玩的地方或景點(diǎn)?只須要跳下車,四處走走,你就可以跳上下一輛公共汽車接著旅游。4.TuYouyou,agreatchemistandscientist,devotedmostofhertimetofindingthecureformalaria.In2015,shewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinMedicinefordiscoveringartemisinin,whichisthekeytothetreatmentofmalaria.Sogreatishercontributiontotheworldthatshehasbecomeanidolofmanypeople,includingme.Behindhersuccesswerenumerousfailuresandsetbacks,butneverdidshegiveup.屠呦呦是一位宏大的化學(xué)家和科學(xué)家,她把大部分時(shí)間都花在找尋治療瘧疾的方法上。2015年,她因發(fā)覺青蒿素而獲得諾貝爾醫(yī)學(xué)獎,青蒿素是治療瘧疾的關(guān)鍵。她對世界的貢獻(xiàn)是如此之大,以至于她成了很多人的偶像,包括我。在她勝利的背后是多數(shù)的失敗和挫折,但她從未放棄。5.ManyChineseInternetusersthoughtTheSun’sreactiontotheincidenttobeanactofpatriotism.很多中國網(wǎng)民認(rèn)為《太陽報(bào)》對該事務(wù)的反應(yīng)是一種愛國主義行為?！疽c(diǎn)拾遺】1.scenen.場面,場景;景色,風(fēng)景*(2024·浙江高考)TheybecamethehottestthingonthepopmusicsceneinEngland.他們成為英國流行音樂界最熱門的人物。*(2024·全國卷Ⅰ)Digitalcamerasarrivedonthescenein1997.數(shù)碼相機(jī)于1997年問世。*JohnnyhasbeentryingtomakethesceneinL.A.Clubsforyears.多年來約翰尼始終試圖主動地參與到洛杉磯俱樂部之中。*Alotofnegotiationshavebeengoingonbehindthescenes.廣泛的談判始終在隱私進(jìn)行。*Whendidthenewteachercomeonthescene?新老師是什么時(shí)候來上課的?onthescene在現(xiàn)場makethescene 到場,在某處露面behindthescenes 在后臺,在幕后;暗中comeonthescene 登場scene作“場面;場景;現(xiàn)場”講,后接定語從句,且關(guān)系詞在從句中作狀語時(shí),一般用副詞where或inwhich來引導(dǎo)。(1)語法填空。①Reportersweresoononthesceneaftertheaccident.②Hewasanimportantmanbehindthescenesintheplay.③Althoughitis30yearssincewelastmet,Istillrememberthescenewherewegotseparatedonarainyday.(2)Thedirector,whohadbeenbehindthescenes,announcedonthesceneattheawardspartythatthebestactressofthefilmwasabouttocomeonthescene.始終在幕后指揮的導(dǎo)演在頒獎晚會現(xiàn)場宣布,這部影片的最佳女主角即將登場。

2.letout放出;發(fā)出(叫喊等);泄露;放寬,放大(衣服等)*Theyletoutoxygenwhichisneededbynearlyeveryorganismontheplanet.它們釋放出地球上幾乎全部生物都須要的氧氣。*Wefearnodeath,letalonedifficulties.我們死都不怕,何況困難?letalone更不用說;更談不上letsb./sth.alone 對某人/某事放任不管letsb.down 使某人悲觀(1)寫出下列句子中黑體部分的漢語意思。①Themanletoutacryandjumpedbackseveralpaces.發(fā)出②Manyworkerswereletoutlastyear.解雇③ItwasTomwholetoutthesecret.泄露④Heaskedhismothertoletouthistrousers.放寬,放大(2)Icantellyouthetruth,butyoumustpromisenottoletoutthesecret.

我可以告知你真相,但是你得保證不要把這個隱私泄露出去。(3)Wedon’tknowtheirnames;letalonemakeaphonecalltothem.我們連他們的名字都不知道,更別提打電話給他們了。

(4)Don’tletmedown!I’mdependingonyoutosupportme.

不要讓我悲觀!我還希望你支持我呢。語法精講·優(yōu)化學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句A:—It’stwentyyearssincewelastmet.B:—ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,thatwegotlostonarainynight.視察上面對話,并完成句子:1.Itisobvioustothestudentsthattheyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.學(xué)生們明顯應(yīng)當(dāng)為他們的將來做好充分的準(zhǔn)備。

2.Hetoldmethenewsthismorningthathisfatherhadcomeback.他今日早上告知我他父親回來的消息。

3.Itisyearssinceheworkedhere,buthisdevotiontohisworkiswhatweoftenhearspokenof.他已不在這里工作多年了,但我們常常聽到人們談起他對工作的奉獻(xiàn)精神。

4.SheaskedmewhetherIhadreturnedthebookstothelibrary,andIadmittedthatIhadn’t.

她問我是否已經(jīng)把書還給圖書館了,我承認(rèn)我還沒有還。5.Thejobwillbeofferedtowhoevertheemployersbelievehaspreviousexperienceaswellasastrongsenseofduty.

老板們信任這項(xiàng)工作將供應(yīng)應(yīng)有工作閱歷和劇烈責(zé)任心的人。一、概念所謂名詞性從句,就是把完整句子當(dāng)作名詞來運(yùn)用,使之在另一個句子中充當(dāng)某種成分。一般來說,名詞在句中主要充當(dāng)4種成分:主語、賓語、表語和同位語,從句在什么位置就是什么從句。常見的名詞性從句有:主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。相當(dāng)于名詞作用的句子有3類:陳述句、一般疑問句和特別疑問句。因此,名詞性從句可簡潔概括為這樣一句話:名詞性從句就是用3種句子分別充當(dāng)另外一個句子的4種句子成分。這便構(gòu)成了名詞性從句的本質(zhì)特征。名詞性從句的引導(dǎo)詞對應(yīng)的句子類型是否作成分連詞that陳述句that在從句中不作成分連詞whether/if一般疑問句whether和if在從句中不作成分連接代詞who,whom,what,which,whose連接副詞when,where,why,how特別疑問句who和what在從句中作主語、賓語或表語;whom在從句中作賓語;which在從句中作主語、表語或定語;whose在從句中作定語。連接副詞在從句中作狀語二、用法主語從句1.that引導(dǎo)的主語從句(1)that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí),在從句中不作任何成分,也沒有詞匯意義,但一般不行省略。*Thattheearthgoesaroundthesunisknowntousall.眾所周知,地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。(2)that引導(dǎo)主語從句時(shí)可用it作形式主語,that不行省略。常見句式主要有以下幾種:①It+be+形容詞(necessary,right,likely,unlikely,wrong,important,certain,clear,obvious,strange,normal等)+that從句*ItisunlikelythatIshouldacceptsuchanofferasthat.我不行能接受像那樣的幫助。②It+be+名詞(短語)(apity,ashame,goodnews,afact,anhonour,awonder,nowonder等)+that從句*It’snowonderthathedidn’twanttogo.難怪他不想去。③It+be+過去分詞(said,told,heard,reported,decided,suggested,advised,ordered,remembered,thought,considered,well-known,announced等)+that從句*ItisdecidedthatthemeetinghasbeenputoffuntilnextMonday.會議被推遲到下周一已經(jīng)定下來了。在“It+be+suggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required...+that從句”結(jié)構(gòu)中,從句謂語應(yīng)用“(should+)動詞原形”。*Itissuggestedthatyou(should)spendmoretimeinstudyingEnglish.建議你花更多的時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)英語。④It+特別動詞或短語(seem,appear,happen,matter,turnout,occurto,makenodifference等)+that從句*ItsuddenlyoccurredtoherthatJoewasafraidofbeingalone.她突然想到喬膽怯 獨(dú)自一個人待著。2.whether/if引導(dǎo)的主語從句主語從句在主句謂語動作前,表示“是否”,只能用whether。若用it作形式主語,則whether與if可互換。*Whetherwecanhavecleandrinkingwaterliesinwhateffectivemeasureswillbetakenbythegovernmentaboutwaterpollution.我們能否有干凈的飲用水依靠于政府將實(shí)行什么樣的有效措施處理水污染問題。*It’suncertainwhether/ifhe’llcomethisevening.他今日晚上是否會來還不確定。3.wh-類連接詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句wh-類連接詞包括連接代詞(who,whom,whose,what,whoever,whomever,whatever等)和連接副詞(when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等)。*WhatBarbaraJonesofferstoherfansishonestyandhappiness.芭芭拉·瓊斯呈現(xiàn)給她的粉絲們的是誠懇和歡樂。賓語從句1.that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句that引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)無詞義,在從句中不作成分,口語中一般可以省略,但下列狀況下不能省略:(1)當(dāng)that從句作介詞的賓語時(shí)。*Idon’tknowexactlywherehelives,exceptthatit’ssomewhereoutinthewilds.他住在哪里我不是很清晰,只知道是荒野之中的某個地方。(2)動詞后跟有多個that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句時(shí),只有第一個that可以省略,從其次個從句起先that不行省略。*Hetoldme(that)hehadtoleaveandthathewouldbebacksoon.他告知我他得離開并且很快就會回來。(3)賓語從句前有插入語時(shí)。*Wehope,onthecontrary,thathewillstayathomewithus.恰恰相反,我們希望他和我們待在家里。(4)it作形式賓語的賓語從句。①一些動詞后的賓語從句有賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),則須要用it作形式賓語,而將that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句后置。常見的這類動詞有find,think,consider,believe,guess,suppose,make等。*Hehasmadeitclearthatthemeetingwillnotbepostponed.他清晰地表明會議不會被推遲。②hate,like,dislike,appreciate,enjoy等表示“寵愛”、“厭惡”的動詞以及一些動詞短語seeto,dependon,relyon等常用it作形式賓語,而將賓語從句后置。*Ishallseetoitthatheistakengoodcareofwhenyouareabsent.你不在的時(shí)候,我負(fù)責(zé)把他照看好。2.whether與if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句whether與if引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí),在從句中不作任何成分,但有詳細(xì)的含義,意為“是否”。在下列狀況下只能用whether而不能用if:(1)賓語從句中有ornot時(shí),只能用whether。*Idon’tknowwhetherornotthereportistrue.=Idon’tknowwhetherthereportistrueornot.我不知道這個報(bào)道是否是真的。(2)介詞后的賓語從句要用whether,whether可與不定式連用。*Itdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughtime.這取決于我們是否有足夠的時(shí)間。*Theydon’tknowwhethertogothere.他們不知道是否去那里。3.連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句連接代詞和連接副詞引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)既充當(dāng)句子成分又有詳細(xì)詞義,且不行省略。*Ourteachersalwaystellustobelieveinwhatwedoandwhoweareifwewanttosucceed.我們的老師總是告知我們,假如想勝利的話,就要信任我們所做的事以及我們自己。表語從句1.通用連接詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句在句中作表語的從句稱為表語從句。表語從句位于系動詞之后,引導(dǎo)詞有三類:從屬連詞只起連接作用,其中if不能引導(dǎo)表語從句,that一般不能省略;連接代詞在從句中作主語、賓語、表語或定語;連接副詞在從句中作狀語。*I’dliketostartmyownbusiness—that’swhatI’ddoifIhadthemoney.我情愿自己創(chuàng)業(yè)——那就是假如我有錢將會做的事情。*Theproblemiswhethertheairpollutioncanbecontrolled.問題是空氣污染能否被限制住。2.其他連接詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句(1)asif/though引導(dǎo)的表語從句,有時(shí)可用虛擬語氣。*Thethicksmogcoveredthewholecity.Itwasasif/thoughagreatblackblankethadbeenthrownoverit.厚重的煙霧覆蓋著整座城市,似乎一個厚厚的黑色毯子扔到它的上面。(2)because,why引導(dǎo)的表語從句。*Hefailed.Thatisbecausehedidn’tworkhard.他失敗了。那是因?yàn)樗麤]有努力工作。同位語從句1.同位語從句的連接詞同位語從句在句中作某一名詞(news,fact,idea,desire,suggestion,promise,information等)的同位語,一般位于該名詞之后,說明該名詞的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連接詞主要有that,whether,why,who,where,how,when等。在同位語從句中,that和whether不作成分,that無詞義,whether表示“是否”;if不能引導(dǎo)同位語從句。引導(dǎo)同位語從句的連接詞一般都不能省略。*Thereportthathewasgoingtoresignwasfalse.他將辭職的報(bào)道是假的。2.定語從句與同位語從句的區(qū)分定語從句和同位語從句都可以用來修飾名詞,但定語從句用來說明名詞的性質(zhì)、特征、來源等,先行詞在從句中充當(dāng)某一成分;而同位語從句則表示名詞所表示的詳細(xì)內(nèi)容。*Thenewsthatourteamwonthegameexcitedusall.(同位語從句)*Thenewsthattheradiobroadcastthismorningisnottrueatall.(定語從句)凡是同位語從句,都可改為Thefact/news/idea/truth/order/hope/suggestion/thoughtis/wasthat...形式,定語從句則不行。語法填空。(1)Withtimegoingby,wehavecometorealizethatcreativityiswhatittakestokeepanationhighlycompetitive.(2)Iamafraidheismoreofatalkerthanadoer,whichiswhyheneverfinishesanything.(3)Oneofthemenholdstheviewthatwhatthebooksaidwasright.

(4)ThenewcomerwenttothelibrarytheotherdayandsearchedforwhateverhecouldfindaboutMarkTwain.

(5)Althoughrepetitionhelpsmemory,psychologistsdoubtwhetherithelpslong-termmemory.(6)TomorrowisTom’sbirthday.Haveyougotanyideawherethepartyistobeheld?(7)ThemostexcitingmomentforalltheChinesepeoplewaswhentheChinesewomen’svolleyballteamdefendedtheworldchampionwith11straightwins.(8)Thedemandsforfreshwaterfordrinkingandagricultureexceedwhatisavailable.(9)Manycompaniesdon’trealizehowimportantthecustomersare,whichiswhytheylosetheircustomersunconsciously.(10)MyneighbourSanaisalwaysshelteringherchildtoomuch,andthat’swherewediffer.運(yùn)用本單元所學(xué)名詞性從句翻譯下面語段據(jù)報(bào)道,今日早上在羅馬大街的拐角處發(fā)生了一起事故。當(dāng)時(shí)原委發(fā)生了什么事,誰也沒有望見。一輛小汽車撞上了一輛卡車,但幸運(yùn)的是沒有人受傷。誰將對事故負(fù)責(zé)仍在調(diào)查中。警方不能確定司機(jī)是否有罪。警察現(xiàn)在應(yīng)當(dāng)做的是找出事故的緣由。他們說,他們很難做出推斷,因?yàn)槭鹿适侨绾伟l(fā)生的還不清晰。或許是因?yàn)樗緳C(jī)太累了,沒能剛好停車。司機(jī)不承認(rèn)他在轉(zhuǎn)彎處超速行駛。警方對他所說的是否屬實(shí)表示懷疑,并確定進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的調(diào)查。ItwasreportedthattherewasanaccidentatacorneroftheRomanStreetthismorning.Noonesawwhatonearthhappenedthen.Acarranintoatruckbutfortunately,nobodygotinjured.Whowillberesponsiblefortheaccidentisstillunderinvestigation.Thepolicewereuncertainaboutwhetherthedriverwasguilty.Whatthepoliceshoulddonowisthattheymustfindoutwhatledtotheaccident.Theysaiditwasdifficultforthemtojudgebecausehowtheaccidenthappenedisnotclear.Perhapsthereasonwasthatthedriverwastootiredtostopthecarintime.Thedriverdidn’tadmitthathewasover-speeddrivingattheturning.Thepolicedoubtedwhetherwhathesaidwastrueanddecidedtomakeafurtherinvestigation.

課時(shí)素養(yǎng)評價(jià)二Unit7Lesson1Ⅰ.單句語法填空1.Youmaybephysicallyandmentally(mental)exhaustedafteralongflight.2.Retirementusuallybringswithitamassive(mass)dropinincome.3.Itisdifficulttopredicthisreaction(react)becauseheissomoody.4.Stillworse,thefirefighterscouldn’trescuethemfromtheburning(burn)fire.5.He’stryingtofigureoutawaytosolvetheproblem.

6.Youneedn’thaveaclearviewoftheskytoexperiencethestarry(star)night.7.ShecouldseethemusclesofhisshouldersbeneathhisT-shirt.8.Instriking(strike)contrasttotheirbrothers,thegirlswerebothintelligentandcharming.9.Hewasbeingverymysterious(mystery)aboutwherehewasgoing.Ⅱ.選詞填空gointo,letout,seton,aseriesof,beconnectedto,asfor,playwith,befullof,inyourlifetime,athighspeed1.Isetonproducingtravelvideostwoyearsago.

2.Itcanbeconnected