口腔麻醉與拔牙

OrallocalanesthesiaandextractionofteethLocalanestheticagentTetracaine(dicaine)ProcaineLidocaineBupivacaineArticaine(碧蘭麻)KindsoflocalanesthesiasuperficialanesthesiainfiltrationanethesiablockanethesiaorconductionanethesiablockanethesiaorconductionanethesiaBlockanethesiaofposteriorsuperioralveolarneverBlockanethesiaofanteriorpalatineneverBlockanethesiaofnasopalatinenerveBlockanethesiaofinfraorbitalnerveBlockanethesiaofinferioralveolarnerveBlockanethesiaoflingualnerveBlockanethesiaofbuccalnerveBlockanethesiaofposteriorsuperioralveolarneverBDAC解剖標(biāo)志:上頜結(jié)節(jié)操作要點(diǎn)進(jìn)針點(diǎn)麻醉范圍Blockanethesiaofanteriorpalatinenever01解剖標(biāo)志:腭大孔02進(jìn)針點(diǎn)03操作要點(diǎn)04麻醉范圍Blockanethesiaofnasopalatinenerve進(jìn)針點(diǎn)麻醉范圍解剖標(biāo)志:切牙孔操作要點(diǎn)01040203解剖標(biāo)志:眶下孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍BlockanethesiaofinfraorbitalnerveBlockanethesiaofinferioralveolarnerve01解剖標(biāo)志:下頜孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍02Blockanethesiaofmaxillarynerve解剖標(biāo)志:圓孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)翼腭管注射法顴下翼突注射法麻醉范圍12345Blockanethesiaofmandibularnerve01解剖標(biāo)志:卵圓孔進(jìn)針點(diǎn)操作要點(diǎn)麻醉范圍02ComplicationsoflocalanethesiaandprecautionandtreatmentSwoon01Anaphylaxis02Toxication03Infection04Hematoma05Breakingtheneedle06Facialparalysis07Extractionofteeth

IndicationSeverecaries1PeridontitisⅢ2Severeapix3Delayeddeciduousteeth4Multidentinemalposed5Impactedteeth6Traumatism7Orthodontictreatment8Teeththatarefociofinfection9Extractionfortreatment10ContraindicationBloodydisease:hemophiliarefactoryanemialeukemiaCardiovasculardiseaseDiabetesmellitusHyperthyroidism:thyr-oidcrisisNephropathyHepatitisPregnancyandmenstruationAcuteinfectionMalignenttumor12Dentalforceps,elevator,chisel,Gingivalseperator,curette,mallet12InstrumentsStepsforextraction01020304050607分離牙齦挺松牙齒安插牙鉗搖動或扭轉(zhuǎn)Cautions拔出拔牙創(chuàng)的處理01阻生牙拔除02牙根拔除各類牙拔除術(shù)Huringofextraction拔牙創(chuàng)出血及血塊形成血塊機(jī)化骨組織的修復(fù)上皮覆蓋拔牙創(chuàng)01020304ComplicationsofextractionofteethOperativeplicationsPosto