2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)-Unit-4-Amazing-art素養(yǎng)練習(xí)外研版必修第三冊(cè)

2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit4Amazingart素養(yǎng)練習(xí)外研版必修第三冊(cè)2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit4Amazingart素養(yǎng)練習(xí)外研版必修第三冊(cè)PAGE24-2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit4Amazingart素養(yǎng)練習(xí)外研版必修第三冊(cè)2020-2021學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit4Amazingart素養(yǎng)練習(xí)外研版必修第三冊(cè)年級(jí)：姓名：?jiǎn)卧仞B(yǎng)評(píng)價(jià)(四)Unit4(120分鐘150分)第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。Text1M:Oh,Mom.Whydidyouwakeupsoearly?Youcan’tbetakingustoschoolalready.①Schooldoesn’tstartuntilaquartertoseven.W:I’mnottakingyoutoschool.Actually,you’reskippingschooltoday.1.Whendoesschoolstart?A.At6:35.B.At6:45.C.At7:15.答案:BText2M:Hello,Jess.W:Hi,Max.Welcome.②Wouldyoulikesomecoffeeandcake?M:②Didyoumakeit?W:②Yes,Idid.Clairemadethesecookies.See,thesugarcookiesareallintheshapeofanEasteregg.2.Whomadethecake?A.Jess. B.Max. C.Claire.答案:AText3M:Mum,haveyouseenmyschoolbag?W:It’shanginguphere,withthecoats.Imoveditbecauseitwasonthekitchentable.③Tom,remembertoleaveitinthelivingroomwhenyoucomehomefromschool.Thenitwon’tbeinmyway.3.Whatdoesthewomanasktheboytodoafterschool?A.Putawayhisschoolbag.B.Movethekitchentable.C.Hanguphiscoat.答案:AText4M:Ihaven’tseenLindaRiveraforalongtime.Hasshebeenawayonaholiday?W:Oh,youhaven’theard.④Shesetupherowntravelagency.4.WhatdoweknowaboutLindaRivera?A.Shewenttravelling.B.Shestartedacompany.C.Shewasfired.答案:BText5M:That’squitealotofbooksyou’recarrying.Letmehelpyouwiththose.W:I’mjustgoingtoputthemonthedeskjustaroundthecorner.⑤Ishallbeabletomanagewithouthelp.Thanksanyway.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Shedoesn’tneedtheman’shelp.B.Sheexpectsthemantomovethedesk.C.Shewantstoremovethebookfromthedesk.答案:A第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料,回答第6、7題。Text6W:Hey,whereiseverybody?M:⑥TheytookBentothepark.Wherehaveyoubeen?W:Sorry,I’mlate.IpickedupthecakeandittookmelongerthanIexpected.⑦Whenwillthepartystart?M:Beninvitedeightchildrenfromschool.Andthey’llarriveatabout2intheafternoon.W:OK.ThenI’llputthecandlesonthecakeandleaveitinthekitchenandthenI’llcomeandhelpsetthetable.6.WhereisBen?A.Inthekitchen. B.Atschool.C.Inthepark.答案:C7.Whatwillthechildrendointheafternoon?A.Helpsetthetable. B.Haveaparty.C.Dotheirhomework.答案:B聽(tīng)第7段材料,回答第8、9題。Text7M:Tracey,Iwantsomenewshoesforthepartytonight.Shallwegoandbuysomelater?W:OK,⑧butIpromisedtohelpmygranddadwashhiscartoday.M:Whydon’tyoudothatimmediately?We’llgoassoonasyou’refinished.W:OK.AndIsupposeIcandomyhomeworkwhenwegetback.I’msurelydoingthatbeforewegototheparty—⑨Idon’twanttodoittomorrow!M:Yeah,⑨Idon’tlikedoingittillthelastdayoftheweekend,either.SoIfinishedallmyhomeworkafterschoolyesterday.8.Whatwillthewomandofirst?A.Washacar. B.Goshopping.C.Doherhomework.答案:A9.Whendoestheconversationtakeplace?A.OnFriday.B.OnSaturday.C.OnSunday.答案:B聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10～12題。Text8W:JuliaandIaredrivingdowntownthisafternoon.Wanttocome,Tom?M:Thanks,Cathy.⑩ButI’vegottostudy.I’mwaybehindinmaths.W:Well,inthatcase,isthereanythingwecangetforyou?M:Gee,QUOTE?IleftmywatchatGilson’stheotherday.Itshouldbereadybynow.W:I’dbegladtopickitup.M:Well,Cathy,nowthatIthinkaboutit,I’vegotsomethingelsetododowntown.Ihavetobuysomethingatthesupermarket.MaybeI’dbettergowithyou.W:We’llbeleavingfromtheparkinglot.QUOTE?I’mbehindwithmyworksowe’llonlybethereacoupleofhours.M:Oh.Ifit’sonlyacoupleofhours,Icancertainlygo.W:Great!Seeyouinafewminutes.10.Whydoesn’tthemanwanttogodowntownatfirst?A.Hehasnothingtododowntown.B.Hehasamathsclasstotake.C.Heplanstostudy.答案:C11.What’sGilson’s?A.Asupermarket. B.Awatchrepairshop.C.Aparkinglot.答案:B12.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shewillbebusywithherwork.B.Sheisleavinginseveralhours.C.Shewillpickuptheman’swatch.答案:A聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第13～16題。Text9W:Oh,Idon’tfeelsogood.MaybeIshouldliedown.M:QUOTE?Letmefeelyourhead...Oh,you’reburningup.I’mgoingtotakeyourtemperature.QUOTE?AndI’mgoingtoemailyourbossandtellhimyou’renotgoingtoworktomorrow.W:No,don’tbother.?I’lljusttexthimrightnow.M:Fine.Whendidyoustartfeelingbad?W:?Ifeltalittleheadachethismorning,butIthoughtitwasjustbecauseIhadn’tsleptwellwiththenewpillowlastnight.Itjustgotworseandworsethroughouttheafternoon.M:Doyouwantmetocallthedoctor?Oryoursister?W:No,that’sOK.?Butyoucouldhelpturntheairconditioneron.M:?OK.Ifyou’resleepy,thengotobed.13.Whydoesthemanthinkthewomanhasafever?A.Herheadfeelshot.B.Hetookhertemperature.C.Shetoldhimshewasfeelingcold.答案:A14.Whowillthewomansendatextmessageto?A.Herdoctor.B.Herboss.C.Hersister.答案:B15.Whendidshestartfeelingbad?A.Lastnight. B.Thismorning.C.Thisafternoon.答案:B16.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Turnoffthelight. B.Findanewpillow.C.Turnontheairconditioner.答案:C聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第17～20題。Text10Goodafternoon,everybody.Thankyouforlistening.I’mDoctorReid.TodayIwilldiscusstheeffectofsleeponschoolstudentswithyou.Thefirstthingiswhetheralackofsleepaffectsteenagers.Theansweris“Yes”.Manyteenagersaregettinglittlesleepandthereareconcernsthatthiscouldhaveaseriouslong-termeffectontheirhealthbutwedon’tknowforsureyet.Researchersarealsolookingintohowfaralackofsleepaffectsyoungpeoplewithlowspirits.QUOTE?ButonestudyhasclearlyshownthathighschoolstudentsgettinglowgradesalsogetonaverageonehourlesssleepthanstudentsgettingAs.Thenwhyaren’tteenagersgettingenoughsleep?It’saproblemthatseemstoaffectallteenagers,notjusttheoneswhoeatthewrongthingsorwhodon’ttakeanyexercise.QUOTE?IthinktoomanyteenagerswatchTVintheirroomsorplaycomputergamesuntilverylate.Somestudentssaytheystayuplatebecausetheycan’tgettosleepiftheygotobedearlier.Well,don’thaveanysoftdrinksoranydrinkthatincludehotchocolatebeforesleeping.QUOTE?Readingabookyouknowwellorlisteningtoastory,ratherthanmusic,shouldhelpyourbraintorelax.Soyoushouldn’tdoyourhomeworkjustbeforegoingtosleep.Itwouldbebetterforschoolstostayopenforlongersothatpupilscandotheirhomeworkbeforetheygethome.?Anotherthingthatsomeschoolshavetriedsuccessfullyistobegintheschooldayhalfanhourlaterandendtheschooldayhalfanhourlater,whichseemslikeagoodideatome,andIreallyrecommendthat.17.Whatcanbeclearlyaffectedifteenagerslacksleep?A.Theirspirits. B.Theirlong-termhealth.C.Theirgrades.答案:C18.Whatistoblameforteenagersnotgettingenoughsleepaccordingtothespeaker?A.Poordiet. B.Lackofexercise.C.Toomuchentertainment.答案:C19.Whatadvicedoesthespeakergivetoteenagerswhohavetroublegettingtosleep?A.Listentomusic. B.Readabook.C.Drinkhotchocolate.答案:B20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestschoolsshoulddo?A.Startlessonslater. B.Shortentheschoolday.C.Offerclassesintheevenings.答案:A第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AEverydayaroundtheworld,thousandsofpeoplewithlittleornoscholarlytraininginarthistorywalkintomuseums.Theymayormaynotreadnoticeboardsthatsharerelevantinformationoftheartworksorartists.Imagine,beforebeingpermittedtodirecttheireyeballstotheartonthewalls,museumvisitorswererequiredtoreada15-or-20introductiontoeachpieceoreachartist.Howmanypeoplewouldgotomuseumsifthatwerethecase?Yetthisseemstobetheexpectationwhenitcomestoreadingclassicliterature.Classicnovelstypicallycomewith15-or-20introductions,whichoftenincludespoilers,assumingthatreadersdonotcometoclassicbookstodiscover,beabsorbedin,andbesurprisedbythestoryworld.Also,apparently,wemustn’treadclassicalone,withoutexpertsguidingourexperiences.However,classicliteratureisinauniquepositiontoshowusthatwe’renotaloneinourpainsandjoys.Bytakingusoutofourtime,classicbooksfreeustoseebeyondthesetofbeliefswesticktoandtoconnecthumanexperiencesthatremainaliveacrosstimeandplace.Whatcouldbemoregrounding(有充分理由的),morecomforting,thanseeingourselvesinthebattles,longings(渴望),andpleasuresthathaveplayedoutacrosshundreds,thousandsofyearsofhumanhistory?Ourpersonalengagementisthefirststepofalongerjourneyofdiscoverythatdeepensourknowledgeandunderstandingofourselvesandourworld.Wemay,forexample,feelforHesterPrynnefromNathanielHawthorne’sTheScarletLetterthoughwedespairoftheworldshelivedin.Whilewe’relettinggoofthings,let’sstopworryingaboutunderstandingeverything.Wecan’t.Itwillbefunifweembracecuriosity,thepleasureofworkingoutamystery,andourcommonrelationshipsashumans.Wecanfeel,forexample,thepowerofself-sacrificeinCharlesDickens’ATaleofTwoCitiesevenwhenwelackfullunderstandingoftheculturalreferencesandlanguages.【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要表達(dá)了人們?nèi)狈I(yè)的藝術(shù)知識(shí)以及經(jīng)典文學(xué)對(duì)人們的重要性。21.Mostmuseumgoers_______.

A.enjoyreadingnoticeboards.B.understandtheartworkswell.C.sharecommoninterestinartworks.D.lackprofessionalartknowledge.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段“Everydayaroundtheworld,thousandsofpeoplewithlittleornoscholarlytraininginarthistorywalkintomuseums.”可知,許多去博物館的人都缺乏足夠的專業(yè)的藝術(shù)知識(shí),故選D。22.Whatcanthe“spoilers”inPara.2possiblybe?A.plotsgivenawayinadvance.B.readers’expectations.C.guidingexperts.D.detailsgivenaway.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。由文章第二段“Classicnovelstypicallycomewith15-or-20introductions,whichoftenincludespoilers”可推斷出,經(jīng)典著作前言部分提供的是故事情節(jié),故選A。23.Whatmessageismainlyconveyedinthepassage?A.Weshouldfindmorefunfromclassics.B.Expertsneedtogivereadersbetterguidance.C.Readingclassicsisapersonalexploration.D.Classicliteratureonlybenefitsafewreaders.【解析】選C。主旨大意題。由文章最后一段可知,即使我們對(duì)名著缺乏足夠的文化背景及語(yǔ)言了解,我們也能從中感受到藝術(shù)的力量,因此,閱讀經(jīng)典的過(guò)程就是自我探索的過(guò)程,故選C。B(2020·長(zhǎng)沙高一檢測(cè))JimDenevanisanamazingartistwhoseworkisadmiredbyall,butownedbynone—that’sbecauseallofJim’sartiscreatedonanunusualcanvas(畫(huà)布)—thesoftsand.Hesometimesspendsdaysworkingonapiece,onlytoseeitwashedawaybytheseaorastormandthatisjustthewayhelikesit.Denevandiscoveredhisartistictalentsabouttenyearsago,whenhewaswanderingaimlesslyonthebeachwithastick.Heendedupdrawinga12-foot-longfish.Sincethen,Jimhastraveledover1,800mileswhilecreatingover600piecesofsandart.Overtheyears,hisdrawingshavebecomebigger,butthetoolsheuseshaven’tchanged—Allheneedsisastick,agardenrake(耙子)andmostimportantly,hislivelyimagination!Justlikeanygoodartist,Jimisquiteparticularaboutthe“quality”ofhiscanvas,sometimeswalkingformiles,lookingforperfectsand.Hislatestpieceofwork,whichisalsotheworld’slargestfreelance(自由職業(yè)的)drawing,wascreatedinthedesertsandofNevada.IttookJimthreetrips,eightdaysandover100milesofwalkingtocreatethis3-mileworkofart.Ittookthestormjustonenighttodestroyit!However,Jimsaysheactuallyenjoyswatchingthewavesorrainwashhispaintingsaway.Jim’sarthasbecomeverypopularovertheyearsandwaseventhetopicofadocumentarynamed“Sandman”in2015.JimDenevanisnotjustaboutartinthesand—heisalsoanexcellentchefandfounderofanorganizationcalled“OutstandingintheField”,whosemottoistocelebratefoodatitssource.Accordingly,groupdiningeventsareheldoutdoorsonfarms,withthedinersbeingtreatedtoadeliciousmeal.Theevents,whichareheldindifferentfarmsthroughoutAmerica,arealwayssoldouttheminutethescheduleisannounced.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了JimDenevan這位令人驚嘆的藝術(shù)家的成名過(guò)程。24.WhatdoweknowaboutDenevan?A.Heusedtobeachef.B.Hehasatalentforcreatingsandart.C.Heputshisworkonshowregularly.D.Heshowedartistictalentsataveryyoungage.【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句Denevandiscoveredhisartistictalentsabouttenyearsago,whenhewaswanderingaimlesslyonthebeachwithastick.可知Denevan年輕的時(shí)候就展現(xiàn)出了藝術(shù)天分。25.Itcanbelearntfromthepassagethat_______.

A.DenevanwalksalottocompletehisworkB.itisnothardforDenevantofindsuitablesandtodrawonC.itusuallytakeslongforthestormtodestroyDenevan’sworkD.Denevanisveryparticularabouthisdrawingtools【解析】選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句Sincethen,Jimhastraveledover1,800mileswhilecreatingover600piecesofsandart.可知吉姆走了1800多英里,創(chuàng)作了600多件沙子藝術(shù)品。故選A。26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDenevan?A.Generous. B.Kind-hearted.C.Imaginative. D.Traditional.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句Allheneedsisastick,agardenrakeandmostimportantly,hislivelyimagination!可知Denevan是個(gè)想象力豐富的人。27.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A.Denevanloseshisinterestinartsoon.B.Denevanisalsopopularasachef.C.BeingahappychefisDenevan’sfinalgoalinlife.D.Denevan’sfamehelpshimwithhischefjob.【解析】選B。段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第二句JimDenevanisnotjustaboutartinthesand—heisalsoanexcellentchef以及下文內(nèi)容可知JimDenevan不僅僅是一個(gè)藝術(shù)家,他還是一個(gè)出色的廚師,故最后一段主要說(shuō)明了他也是一個(gè)受歡迎的廚師。CInacountryknownforhigh-techambitionsandgiantstate-ownedfirms,theplightofstreethawkersmayseeminsignificant.ButinChinathesedays,peoplelikeShuiJin,anoldladyridingawoodencartfilledwithfruit,areinthespotlight.Facedwithrisingunemployment,officialshaveconcludedthatpavementstandscanhelpsolvetheeconomy’sproblems.ShuiJin,whousedtofacethedangerofheavyfines,maysellherfruitwithmoreconfidenceassheslowlymakesherwaythroughthenarrowlanesofSuzhou.Herfamilyneedsthemoney.Bothherdaughters-in-lawrecentlylosttheirjobs,amongthetensofmillionsinChinahurtbytheCOVID-19outbreak.Thegovernment’ssupportforstreethawkersissomethingofanabout-turn.ForyearsMunicipalauthoritiespushedouthawkers,tryingtotidyupthecolourfulchaosthatoncecharacterizedChina’scities.Inthenameof“civilizing”urbanlife,theywantedtoseedumplings,plastictoysandT-shirtsboughtinsideshoppingmalls,notsoldfromthebackofcarts.ButonJune1stLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,signalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.“Onlywhenthepeopleareingoodshapecanthenationbeingoodshape,”hesaid.

MrLi’scomplimenthasproducedafeelingofexcitementabouttherevivalofChina’s“street-standeconomy”.Atleast27provincesandcitieshaveannouncedthattheywillcreatemarketsforhawkersor,insomecases,letthemmovetheirthingsbeingsoldontothepavementinfrontoftheirshops.TheshiningexampleisChengdu,abusyandnoisycityinSichuanprovinceinthesouth-west,wherebusinessesstartedsettingupstreetstandsinMarch.Thelocalgovernmentthereclaimsthatmorethan10,000jobshavebeencreatedintheprocess.【文章大意】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。新聞報(bào)道了如今的中國(guó),面對(duì)新型冠狀病毒肺炎導(dǎo)致的不斷上升的失業(yè)率,官方鼓勵(lì)地?cái)偨?jīng)濟(jì),并以此幫助解決普通百姓的經(jīng)濟(jì)問(wèn)題。28.Accordingtothepassage,streethawkersinChinausedto_______.

A.cleanthestreet B.beinthespotlightC.runashop D.begivenheavyfines【解析】選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中ShuiJin,whousedtofacethedangerofheavyfines,maysellherfruitwithmoreconfidenceassheslowlymakesherwaythroughthenarrowlanesofSuzhou.可知中國(guó)的街頭小販過(guò)去會(huì)被處以高額罰款。29.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“anabout-turn”inParagraph3?A.alocalgovernment B.acompletechangeC.agoodshape D.acleancity【解析】選B。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)后文ForyearsMunicipalauthoritiespushedouthawkers,tryingtotidyupthecolourfulchaosthatoncecharacterizedChina’scities.Inthenameof“civilizing”urbanlife,theywantedtoseedumplings,plastictoysandT-shirtsboughtinsideshoppingmalls,notsoldfromthebackofcarts.ButonJune1stLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,signalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.可知多年來(lái),市政當(dāng)局把小販趕出去,試圖清理曾經(jīng)是中國(guó)城市特色的五彩繽紛的混亂局面。以“文明”城市生活的名義,他們希望看到餃子、塑料玩具和T恤是在商場(chǎng)里買的,而不是在手推車后面賣。但在6月1日,總理李克強(qiáng)發(fā)出了改變的信號(hào)。他在煙臺(tái)市的一個(gè)小吃攤前停下,宣稱街頭小販和小商店對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)至關(guān)重要。由此可知,政府對(duì)街頭小販的支持有了徹底的轉(zhuǎn)變。故畫(huà)線短語(yǔ)意思為“徹底改變”。30.Whydidtheprimeministersaystreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy?A.Theycanmakefewjobscreatedfortheunemployedpeople.B.Theycanmakethepeopleandthenationingoodshape.C.TheycanmakepeoplelikeShuiJinsellingtheirfruit.D.Theycanmakethecitytidyandnoisy.【解析】選B。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中ButonJune1stLiKeqiang,theprimeminister,signalledachange.StoppingbyasnackstandinthecityofYantai,hedeclaredthatstreethawkersandsmallshopswerevitaltotheeconomy.“Onlywhenthepeopleareingoodshapecanthenationbeingoodshape,”hesaid.可知總理說(shuō)街頭小販和小商店對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)至關(guān)重要,因?yàn)樗麄兛梢允谷嗣窈蛧?guó)家處于良好狀態(tài)。31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Chinaturnstoonce-bannedhawkerstoreviveitseconomy.B.China’sstreet-standeconomyhasalonghistory.C.Chinahashigh-techambitionsandgiantstate-ownedfirms.D.Chinaisnowfacedwithrisingunemployment.【解析】選A。主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段Facedwithrisingunemployment,officialshaveconcludedthatpavementstandscanhelpsolvetheeconomy’sproblems.可知本篇文章的主旨是中國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)向曾經(jīng)被禁止的小販來(lái)振興經(jīng)濟(jì)。D(2020·重慶高一檢測(cè))Foranoldperson,hisbrainmayperformnotsowellasbefore.Butanewstudysuggeststhatsomepartsofbrainmayalreadydeclineinyoungadulthood.Thestudy,whichfollowedmorethan2,000healthyadultsbetweentheagesof18and60,foundthatcertainmentalfunctions—includingmeasuresofabstractreasoning,mentalspeedandpuzzle-solving—startedtodullasearlyasage27.Meanwhile,thedeclineofmemorygenerallybecameapparentaroundage37.Ontheotherhand,indicatorsofaperson’saccumulatedknowledge—likeperformanceontestsofvocabularyandgeneralknowledge—keptimprovingwithage,accordingtofindingspublishedinthejournalNeurobiologyofAging.Theresultsdonotmeanthatyoungadultsneedtostartworryingabouttheirmemories.Mostpeople’smindsfunctionatahighlevelevenintheirlateryears,accordingtoresearcherTimothySalthouse.“Accordingtothesepatterns,somekindsofflexibilityinthebraindeclinerelativelyearlyinadulthood,butthroughoutadulthoodtheknowledgepoolinone’scommandandtheeffectivecombinationwithone’scapabilitiesmaybeontheincreasewithouttheattackofdiseases.”Salthousesaidinanewsconference.Thestudyincludedhealthy,educatedadultswhotookstandardtestsofmemory,reasoningandperceptionatfirstandatsomepointoverthenextsevenyears.Thetestsaredesignedtodetectsubtle(細(xì)微的)changesinmentalfunction,andinvolvesolvingpuzzles,recallingwordsanddetailsfromstories,andidentifyingpatternsincollectionsoflettersandsymbols.Ingeneral,Salthouseandhiscolleaguesfoundthatcertainaspectsofcognition(認(rèn)知能力)generallystartedtodeclineinthelate20sto30s.Thefindingsexplainnormalage-relatedchangesinmentalfunction,whichcouldaidinunderstandingtheprocessofdementia(癡呆),accordingtotheresearchers.“Byfollowingindividualsovertime,”Salthousesaid,“wegaininsightincognitionchanges,andmaypossiblydiscoverwaystoslowtherateofdecline.”Theresearchersarecurrentlyanalyzingthestudyparticipants’healthandlifestyletoseewhichfactorsmightinfluenceage-relatedcognitivechanges.【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。對(duì)于老年人來(lái)說(shuō),他的大腦可能沒(méi)有以前那么好了。但一項(xiàng)新的研究表明,大腦的某些部分可能在成年早期就已經(jīng)衰退了。按照Salthouse所說(shuō),他們的研究將找到阻止大腦功能快速遲鈍的方法。32.Accordingtothetext,whatisthecommonviewofmentalfunction?A.Itvariesfrompersontoperson.B.Itweakensinone’slateryears.C.Itgraduallyexpandswithage.D.Itindicatesone’shealthcondition.【解析】選B。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Ingeneral,Salthouseandhiscolleaguesfoundthatcertainaspectsofcognitiongenerallystartedtodeclineinthelate20sto30s.Thefindingsexplainnormalage-relatedchangesinmentalfunction,whichcouldaidinunderstandingtheprocessofdementia,accordingtotheresearchers.可知對(duì)心智功能的一般看法是“它在人的晚年減弱?！?3.WhatdoesTimothySalthousesayaboutpeople’smindsinmostcases?A.Theytendtodeclineinpeople’slateryears.B.Theirflexibilitydeterminesone’sabilities.C.Theyfunctionquitewelleveninoldage.D.Theirfunctioningisstillapuzzletobesolved.【解析】選C。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Mostpeople’smindsfunctionatahighlevelevenintheirlateryears,accordingtoresearcherTimothySalthouse.可知,TimothySalthouse認(rèn)為即使到了老年,大腦的功能也很好。34.Althoughpeople’smindsmayfunctionlessflexiblyastheyage,whatistheirstrength?A.Theymaybebetteratsolvingpuzzles.B.Theycanmemorizethingswithmoreease.C.Theymayhavegreaterfacilityinabstractreasoning.D.Theycanputwhattheyhavelearnedintomoreeffectiveuse.【解析】選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段后半部分可知,盡管隨著年齡的增長(zhǎng),人們的思維可能不那么靈活,但他們的長(zhǎng)處是“他們可以把所學(xué)到的知識(shí)更有效地運(yùn)用起來(lái)?！?5.AccordingtoSalthouse,howmaytheirstudyhelpus?A.Itwillfindwaystostopmentalfunctionsdullingfast.B.Itwillfindwaystoimproveourmemories.C.Itwillhelpusunderstandthecomplexprocessofmentalfunctioning.D.Itwillhelpusunderstandtherelationbetweenphysicalandmentalhealth.【解析】選A。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中wegaininsightincognitionchanges,andmaypossiblydiscoverwaystoslowtherateofdecline.可知按著Salthouse所說(shuō),他們的研究將找到阻止大腦功能快速遲鈍的方法。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。(2020·溫州高一檢測(cè))Tojokearoundistohavefunwithsomeone.Tofoolsomeoneistotrytomakehimbelievesomethingthatisnottrue.36

April1stisknownasthedaytofoolpeoplewithpracticaljokes,pranksorharmlesstricks.37SomesayAprilFools’Daybeganasonebigmistake.

Manycenturiesago,peopleintheWesternworldusedtheJuliancalendar.38However,whenpeoplebeganusingtheGregoriancalendar,theNewYearwasmovedtoJanuary1st.ThosewhoforgotthechangeandtriedtocelebrateNewYear’sDayonthewrongdatewereteasedandcalled“Aprilfools”.ThisisjustoneofthemanytheoriesbehindtheoriginofAprilFools’Day.39

Thefoolisacommoncharacterinart,musicandliterature.WilliamShakespeareisfamousforhisfools.Andfoolsmakeforgreatpopsongs.Foolsarefoundinmanywords,expressionsandproverbs.Tobefoolhardymeanstodosomethingthataretoodangerousorrisky.Forexample,itisfoolhardytohikeupamountainduringaheavysnowstorm.Ifsomethingisfoolproof,itisplannedormadesowellthatnothingcouldgowrong.40

“Look,Idon’twanttogetintotrouble.Thisplanofyourssoundsrisky.”“Myplanisfoolproof.NothingwillgowrongaslongasyoudoexactlyasIsay.”A.Notevenafoolcouldmessitup.B.AndthatisthepurposeofAprilFools’Day.C.TheycelebratedtheNewYearonApril1st.D.Evenasmartpersoncanbeafoolattimes.E.Butthetraditionremainsthesame—tofoolsomeone.F.Foolsalsofindthemselvesinmanyproverbs.G.Buthowdidthistraditionbegin?【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了愚人節(jié)的由來(lái),以及不變的宗旨“愚弄人”。36.【解析】選B。上文Tofoolsomeoneistotrytomakehimbelievesomethingthatisnottrue.與B項(xiàng)承接自然,選項(xiàng)中的that就指代上文提到的內(nèi)容。37.【解析】選G。根據(jù)下文SomesayAprilFools’Daybeganasonebigmistake.可知有人說(shuō)愚人節(jié)始于一個(gè)巨大的錯(cuò)誤。這回答了G項(xiàng)中所提的問(wèn)題。38.【解析】選C。上文Manycenturiesago,peopleintheWesternworldusedtheJuliancalendar.與C項(xiàng)承接自然,選項(xiàng)中的they就指代上文提到的peopleintheWesternworld。39.【解析】選E。根據(jù)上文ThisisjustoneofthemanytheoriesbehindtheoriginofAprilFools’Day.可知這只是眾多關(guān)于愚人節(jié)起源的理論之一,與E項(xiàng)Butthetraditionremainsthesame—tofoolsomeone.構(gòu)成明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。40.【解析】選A。上文Ifsomethingisfoolproof,itisplannedormadesowellthatnothingcouldgowrong.與A項(xiàng)Notevenafoolcouldmessitup.構(gòu)成遞進(jìn)關(guān)系,選項(xiàng)中的it就代指前文中的something。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分,滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Mikewas11.Ashisbirthdaywascomingup,he41hisfathertobuyhimabike,sothathecouldgotoschoolcyclingandnotby42orrelyingonhisfathertodrophimatschool,whichwaslocatedamileawayfromhishome.

Onhis43,seeingasetofbookswrappednicelyinhisfather’shand,though44,hethankedhisfather.Mike’sfatherwas45ashedidn’thaveenoughmoneytobuyabike.

Afteraweek,whenMikewaswalkinghomefromschool,hesawaboyridingabike.Mike46thatthebikewastoosmallforthebigboy.47,theboyranintoapostandfellonthestreet.Mikerushedtohimand48himwhowashisschoolmateSam.

Mikehelpedhimstandupandprovidedhimwithwater.SinceSamwasridingthebikefast,hisleftlegandhandswere49injured.Mikeaskedhimtositinacornerandtookthebikeandrushedtoahospitalnearby.

Anambulance(救護(hù)車)cameandcarriedSamtohospital.HethenrushedtoSam’shomeand50hisparentsabouttheaccident.

SamandhisparentsthankedMikeforthe51help.Mikeinturnsaid,“Itwasall52justbecauseIrodeSam’sbike.”Headded,“ThebikeistoosmallforSamtorideandthat’swhyhewas53”MikemetSameverydayinhospitaluntilhe54.

SamgotanewbikeandhecametoknowthatMikedidn’thavethe55toownabike.HegavehisoldbiketoMikeandwithhisparents’permission,Mikeacceptedthegift.

【文章大意】本文是一篇記敘文,講述了11歲的Mike在回家的路上看到同學(xué)騎自行車受傷之后給予了慷慨的幫助并通知了同學(xué)的父母,Mike也因此得到了他想要的自行車。41.A.persuaded B.arrangedC.requested D.ordered【解析】選C。根據(jù)空后的“sothathecouldgotoschoolcycling”可知,Mike請(qǐng)求他父親給他買一輛自行車。persuade說(shuō)服;arrange安排;request請(qǐng)求;order