專題14 動詞的時態(tài)（一）-中考英語語法單項選擇題專項突破（原卷版）

動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)是各地中考考查的重點之一。要學好時態(tài)，首先要熟悉各種時態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式；其次要深刻理解各種時態(tài)所表達的意義。中考?？嫉陌朔N時態(tài)見下表：時態(tài)構(gòu)成一般現(xiàn)在時do/does一般過去時did現(xiàn)在進行時am/is/aredoing過去進行時was/weredoing現(xiàn)在完成時have/hasdone過去完成時haddone一般將來時willdo過去將來時woulddo中考對于時態(tài)的考查主要集中在一般過去時、過去進行時、現(xiàn)在完成時，過去完成時基本不考，所以在此我們就不再講述過去完成時?？键c一.一般現(xiàn)在時1.指一般情況，表示表示經(jīng)常性、習慣性的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。常和always,usually,often,sometimes,everyday等時間狀語連用。1.—Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?(北京)—I_________toschoolonfoot.A.goB.wentC.wasgoingD.willgo2.Manycitypeople________theirbiketoworkeveryday.(黔南州)A.rideB.willrideC.ridesD.haveriden3.Thisfruit________terribletome,soI’venevertriedit.Butmymumlovesit.(無錫)A.tastes B.tasted C.smells D.smelled2.現(xiàn)在的情況或狀態(tài)1.Heusedtoarrivelatelastyear,butnowhe_____.（十堰）A.hasn't B.doesn'tC.isn'tD.wasn’t2.ThehousebelongstoMrSmith,buthe_________hereanymore.(徐州)A.hasn’tlivedB.didn’tliveC.wasn’tlivingD.doesn’tlive3.客觀事實或哲理1.Theearthisaplanetandit_______aroundthesun.(天津)A.goesB.goC.willgoD.went2.I______footballquitewell,butIhaven'thadtimetoplaysincethenewyear.(武漢)A.willplay B.haveplayed C.played D.play4.在狀語從句中用一般現(xiàn)在時表示將來1.Ifit_______sunnytomorrow,Iwillgoshoppingwithmyfriendinthesupermarket.（西寧）A.willbe B.beC.is D.was2.Iwillgocampingifit______thisweekend.(賀州)A.won’train B.isn’training C.don’train D.doesn’train3.Idon’tknowifEric_______thisSunday.Ifhe_____here,I’llcallyouatonce.(眉山)A.willcome;willcomeB.come;comesC.comes;willcomeD.willcome;comes4.Idon'tknowwhenhe________back.Pleasetellmewhenhe________back.(宜賓)A.comes;comesB.comes;willcomeC.willcome;comes5.I’lllendyouthestorybookassoonasI___________it.(天水)A.willfinishreading B.willfinishtoreadC.finishreading D.finishtoread二.一般過去時1.表示過去某個特定時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常與amomentago,ayearago,yesterday,lastweek,in2017,atthattime等過去的時間狀語連用。1.Severaljournalists_______thelawyerabouttheinternationalcaseanhourago.(上海)A)interviewB)interviewedC)willinterviewD)hadinterviewed2.Theoldbuilding_________downtomakeroomforthecitylibraryayearago.(黃石)A.wastakingB.istakenC.wastakenD.wouldtake3.JohnandI_______tovisithisgrandparentslastSundayafternoon.(2017·重慶B卷)A.go B.went C.willgo D.havegone4.Someofmyclassmates________anEnglishplayattheartfestivaltwodaysago.（湘潭）A.haveB.hadC.has5.Hergrandfather_______acarin2007.He_______thecarfor10years.(眉山)A.buy;hasboughtB.bought;hashadC.buys;hashadD.bought;hasbought【答案】B【解析】句意：2007年他爺爺買了一輛小汽車，他擁有這輛車已經(jīng)10年了。由in2007可知，第一個空應(yīng)用一般過去時；由for10years可知，第二句要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)，且要用延續(xù)性動詞。故選B。2.文中隱含過去的時間或含有時間對比。1.—Whocleanedtheroom?(重慶渝北)—LiLei_____.A.isB.wasC.doesD.did2.I’vejustreturnedfrommytriptoLondon.I_____manyinterestingplacesthere.(江西)A.visitB.willvisitC.amvisitingD.visited3.—Lindaisnotcomingforthepartytonight.(武漢)—Butshe_____!A.promises B.promised C.willpromise D.hadpromised4.—Lookatmynewsmartphone.(煙臺)—Wow,it'ssocool.Whenandwhereyouit?A.do,buy B.have,bought C.did,buy D.have,had5.Suewasn’thappybecauseshe_______theconcertgivenbyherfavoritesinger.(廣東)A.misses B.missed C.willmiss D.ismissing3.背景中發(fā)生的動作用一般過去時，背景動作用過去進行時?！猈hat’sthematter,Jack?(達州)—I________downwhileI________ontheice.Igothurtbadly.A.wasfelling,skated B.fell,wasskatingC.fell,skated D.wasfalling,skating4.在since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中要用一般過去時。1.—Howlongisitsincehe_______thisschool?(齊齊哈爾)—He_________forthreeyears.A.hasleft,hasleft B.left,hasbeenaway C.leaves,hasleft2.Theprogramhashelpedoutthousandsofhomelesschildrensincethegovernment_________it.（包頭）A.startsB.hadstartedC.willstartD.started提示：在中考命題中，有時考查瞬間的過去，這就要求考生能準確判斷這個過去的時間。如：1.—It’sverydangeroustoswiminthepool.Lookatthesign.(瀘州)—Oh,I______noticeit.Thanksfortellingme.A.won’t B.don’t C.haven’t D.didn’t2.—Oh,myGod!I_____youwereinBeijing,too!Whendidyoucome?(呼和浩特)—IhavelivedinBeijingsince2015.A.don’tknowB.didn’tknowC.haven’tknownD.wasn’tknown考點三．現(xiàn)在進行時1.表示說話此刻正在進行的動作。1.—Whereisyourmother,Tom?(通遼)—She______theflowersinthegarden.watersB.iswateringC.wateredD.haswatered2.—Paul,I’mbusycooking.Canyougivemeahand?（河南）—Justaminute.I_______mye-mail.A.amcheckingB.willcheckC.havecheckedD.waschecking3.Don’ttakethedictionaryaway.I_______it.(河北)A.use B.used C.amusing D.haveused4.—Lookout!Something______downfromthebuilding.(樂山)—Dearme!It’stoodangerous.A.fell B.falls C.isfalling5.Bequiet!Abirdsomethingonthewindow.(株洲)A.ateB.eatsC.iseating6.—Hurryup!Jackforyoutoplaybasketball.(郴州)—OK.I’mcoming.A.waited B.iswaiting C.waswaiting7.—CanIspeaktoMrs.Thomson?—Holdonplease.She_____dishesinthekitchen.A.washesB.haswashedC.washedD.iswashing8.—Lily,whereismydog?(淮安)—Look!It_____underthebed.A.sleptB.wassleepingC.issleepingD.willsleep2.現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作，但說話此刻動作并不一定在進行。1.TheJiaoziRoadisclosedtodaybecauseworkerssomerepairs.（資陽）A.makeB.madeC.aremakingD.weremaking2.—Ihearyou______inapub.What’sitlike?—Well,it’sveryhardworkandI’malwaystired.(營口)A.areworkingB.willworkC.wereworkingD.willbeworking3.Newmedia,likeWeChat,______thewayofcommunicationsnowadays.（日照）A.arechangingB.willchangeC.changedD.werechanging3.表示一個漸進的過程。Onlineshopping______moreandmorepopularinrecentyears．(咸寧) A．becomesB．became C．isbecomingD．wasbecoming4.表示將來。"Themoment_____soon,"hethoughttohimself,waitinganxiously.(益陽)A.cameB.hastomeC.wascomingD.iscoming鞏固練習：1.Hesaidhe_____tojointhebasketballclub.(重慶渝北)A.wantsB.iswantingC.wantedD.haswanted2.—Iwanttoknowifhe_________backtomorrow.(齊齊哈爾)—I'llcallyouassoonashe_________.A.willcome,willreturn B.willcome,returns C.comes,willreturn3.Whenyoumelastnight,Ithepiano.(蘭州)A.werecalling...wasplaying B.werecalling...playedC.called...played D.called...wasplaying4.Pleasebequiet!Thestudents__________anexam.（丹東）A.lake B.aretaking C.took D.weretaking5.—Canyoutellmewhenyouaregoingtoarrivethere?(襄陽)—I'mnotsure.ButI'llringyouupassoon