版權(quán)說(shuō)明:本文檔由用戶提供并上傳,收益歸屬內(nèi)容提供方,若內(nèi)容存在侵權(quán),請(qǐng)進(jìn)行舉報(bào)或認(rèn)領(lǐng)
文檔簡(jiǎn)介
專題三中考題型語(yǔ)法知語(yǔ)法知識(shí)識(shí)第17講短文填空題型 要點(diǎn)歸納思維導(dǎo)圖考向及母題典例考向1:短文自由填空1.解題步驟:(1)快速瀏覽,了解大意。對(duì)于簡(jiǎn)單把握的空,可以先填出來(lái);(2)上下求索,填出答案。根據(jù)上下文及空格前后的邏輯關(guān)系,填出正確的詞以及正確的形式;(3)通讀全文,檢查確認(rèn)。特別要注意,根據(jù)文章意思,有些空是否要加入否定前綴。無(wú)提示詞的空格一般需要填入冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞(并列連詞和從屬連詞)等虛詞。(1)名詞前面一般用冠詞、代詞或介詞等。(2)如果需要填入代詞,就要考慮到是人稱代詞的主格、賓格或物主代詞的變化、指示代詞的用法;(3)并列的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)單詞,短語(yǔ),或句子之間設(shè)空,一般填入并列連詞and,but,or等;(4)兩句之間,如果不是并列句,則很可能是主從句,因此需要填入從屬連詞(what,which,who,how,when等)。或者是賓語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句或者是狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。這種空格需要同學(xué)們根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu),分析到底是什么從句,從而選擇合適的從屬連詞。母題1(2022·廣東·統(tǒng)考中考真題)請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文,在所給的每個(gè)空格中填入一個(gè)形式正確、意義相符的單詞。Wouldyouliketostartyourdaywithacupoftea?Iftheansweris1,youmayhavethesamehabitasmanypeople.Youmaynotknow2popularteais.Amongallkindsofdrinks,teaisoneofthetwochoices.Peoplelikeitbecauseitis3fortheirhealth.Teaismostlyproduced4AsiancountrieslikeChinaandIndia.Chinesepeoplestartedtodrinkteaasearlyas5,000years5.Atthattime,peoplemadeteainasimplewayjustputfreshtealeavesintohot6.Teawasn’tintroducedintoEuropeuntiltheearly17thcentury.Andnowithas7popularinEuropeandAmerica.Peoplethereliketo8teawithsugarormilkinit.Asthepopulationofteadrinkersgetslarger,teabusinessisgetting9importantthanbefore.ThefirstInternationalTeaDaywasonMay21st,2020.Sincethen,peoplehavecelebrated10everyyear.TheDaymakespeoplerealizetheimportanceofteaworkersand....【答案】1.yes2.how3.good4.in5.a(chǎn)go6.water7.become8.drink9.more10.it【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,向我們介紹茶文化的發(fā)展和變化。1.句意:如果答案是肯定的,你可能和很多人有相同的習(xí)慣。根據(jù)“Wouldyouliketostartyourdaywithacupoftea?”和“youmayhavethesamehabitasmanypeople”可知,肯定回答用yes,表示有飲茶習(xí)慣,故填yes。2.句意:你可能不知道茶有多受歡迎。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的中心詞是形容詞“popular”,用how,故填how。3.句意:人們喜歡它,因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)他們的健康有益。根據(jù)“Peoplelikeitbecauseitis...fortheirhealth.”可知,喝茶對(duì)健康有益,begoodfor“對(duì)……有好處”,故填good。4.句意:茶葉主要產(chǎn)自中國(guó)和印度等亞洲國(guó)家。根據(jù)“Teaismostlyproduced...AsiancountrieslikeChinaandIndia.”可知,用在國(guó)家前,用介詞in,故填in。5.句意:中國(guó)人早在5000年前就開(kāi)始喝茶了。根據(jù)“Chinesepeoplestartedtodrinkteaasearlyas5,000years...”和常識(shí)可知,中國(guó)人早在5000年前就開(kāi)始喝茶了,ago“之前”符合語(yǔ)境,故填ago。6.句意:那時(shí)候,人們泡茶的方法很簡(jiǎn)單,就是把新鮮的茶葉放進(jìn)熱水里。根據(jù)“peoplemadeteainasimplewayjustputfreshtealeavesintohot...”可知,用熱水泡茶,water“水”符合語(yǔ)境,故填water。7.句意:現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)在歐洲和美國(guó)流行了。根據(jù)“Andnowithas...popularinEuropeandAmerica.”可知,茶現(xiàn)在在歐洲和美國(guó)流行了,become“變得”符合語(yǔ)境,用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)中,故填become。8.句意:那里的人喜歡喝茶加糖或牛奶。根據(jù)“Peoplethereliketo...teawithsugarormilkinit.”可知,喜歡喝茶的時(shí)候加糖或牛奶,drink“喝”,liketodosth“喜歡做某事”,故填drink。9.句意:隨著飲茶人群的增加,茶葉生意變得比以前更加重要。根據(jù)“thanbefore”可知,此處使用比較級(jí),moreimportant“更重要的”,故填more。10.句意:從那時(shí)起,人們每年都慶祝這一天。此處指“InternationalTeaDay”,用it代替,在句中作賓語(yǔ),故填it。考向2:短文首字母填空首字母填空是根據(jù)句意和已給出的首字母,在句子的空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,使句子意思完整,語(yǔ)法正確的一種題型。該題型既考查學(xué)生的單詞記憶和拼寫(xiě)能力,又考查學(xué)生對(duì)句子的理解和運(yùn)用能力。滿分技巧 1.跳過(guò)空格,不看選項(xiàng),快速地閱讀全文,從整體上感知全文,掌握大意,了解全篇的內(nèi)容和要旨。快速閱讀時(shí)寧粗勿細(xì),切忌只盯住一個(gè)句子倉(cāng)促解題,這樣勢(shì)必因胸?zé)o全局而誤入歧途??焖匍喿x時(shí),還要注意找出關(guān)鍵詞,這些詞在文中起支撐骨架的功能,抓住了關(guān)鍵詞就抓住了故事的線索。特別是要重視首句,善于以首句的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣為立足點(diǎn),理清文脈,推測(cè)全文時(shí)態(tài)、主題及大意。2.復(fù)讀短文,確定語(yǔ)義,判斷詞形。把握短文大意后再認(rèn)真復(fù)讀短文,利用上下文的語(yǔ)境,結(jié)合所學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí),先確定空格處所需詞語(yǔ)的意義,再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置,判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞?,從而確定所填詞的詞性,再依據(jù)詞語(yǔ)搭配和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,判斷所填詞的正確形式。如短文難度較大,尤其是難于選詞時(shí),從本句的前后觀察中一時(shí)尚不得要領(lǐng),就要進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大到上下文中分析。3.三讀短文,上下參照,驗(yàn)證答案。在短文的空白處分別填上一個(gè)詞后,將完成的短文再細(xì)讀一遍,上下參照,連貫思考??蓮纳舷挛膬?nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章,語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無(wú)誤等進(jìn)行綜合驗(yàn)證,凡有疑問(wèn)必須重新推敲考慮。母題2(2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考中考真題)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給首字母提示寫(xiě)出所缺單詞,使短文意思完整,每空一詞。Atthedinnertable,Westernersuseknivesandforks,whiletheChineseusechopsticks.S11atleast3,000yearsago,chopstickshavebeentheeatingtoolfortheChinesepeople.AncientChineseusedpotterypots(陶罐)tocookfoodduringthePotteryAge.Andtheyusedbranchesorbamboostickstop12upthefood.Lateron,theydevelopedthehabitofusingthechopsticks.Ingeneral,thematerialofchopstickscanbed13intofivegroups:bambooandwood,metal,jade,boneandchemicalplastics.InModernChinesefamilylife,peopleprefertousethebambooorwoodenchopsticksb14theyaregoodfortheenvironmentandcostalittle.Usingknivesandforksorchopsticksbringsaboutadifferencenoto15inlifestyle.Forexample,theuseofknivesandforksmakesitc16forpeopletoeatindividually(分別地).Andtheuseofchopsticksmakesitpossibleforthefamilymemberstohavemealst17.AstheWesternersprefertoeatindividually,theyhavetheideaandhabitofnotd18onothersaftertheygrowintoadults.Thew19thatChinesepeopleusechopsticksandeatwithothersaroundthetableisconnectedwiththelifestyleoftheChinesefamily.Nowadays,anincreasingn20offoreignstudentsarecomingtoChina.Theyarehappytolearntousechopsticksandenjoythepleasureofeatingwithfriendsaroundthetable.【答案】11.(S)ince12.(p)ick13.(d)ivided14.(b)ecause15.(o)nly16.(c)onvenient17.(t)ogether18.(d)epending19.(w)ay20.(n)umber【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了中西方使用餐具的文化差異。11.句意:至少?gòu)?000年前開(kāi)始,筷子就一直是中國(guó)人的飲食工具。根據(jù)“havebeen”可知,句子是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),結(jié)合首字母可知,應(yīng)填since表示“自從”,故填(S)ince。12.句意:他們用樹(shù)枝或竹竿夾起食物。根據(jù)“usedbranchesorbamboostickstop...upthefood.”可知古時(shí)候人們用樹(shù)枝或竹竿夾起食物,此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)pickup,動(dòng)詞不定式符號(hào)to后,應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞原形。故填(p)ick。13.句意:一般來(lái)說(shuō),筷子的材料可以分為五類:竹木、金屬、玉石、骨和化學(xué)塑料。bedividedinto“被分為……”,是固定搭配。故填(d)ivided。14.句意:在現(xiàn)代中國(guó)家庭生活中,人們更喜歡使用竹筷或木筷,因?yàn)樗鼈儗?duì)環(huán)境有益,而且價(jià)格低廉。根據(jù)“peopleprefertousethebambooorwoodenchopsticksb...theyaregoodfortheenvironmentandcostalittle.”可知人們現(xiàn)在喜歡使用竹筷或木筷是因?yàn)樗鼈儗?duì)環(huán)境有益,而且便宜。because“因?yàn)椤狈险Z(yǔ)境,故填(b)ecause。15.句意:使用刀叉或筷子帶來(lái)的不僅僅是生活方式的不同。根據(jù)“Usingknivesandforksorchopsticksbringsaboutadifferencenoto...inlifestyle.”以及下文介紹可知,人們使用刀叉或筷子帶來(lái)的不僅僅是生活方式的不同。notonly“不僅僅”,故填(o)nly。16.句意:例如,刀叉的使用方便了人們單獨(dú)吃飯。根據(jù)“theuseofknivesandforksmakesitc...forpeopletoeatindividually(分別地).”可知刀叉很方便人們單獨(dú)吃飯,convenient“方便的”,形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),故填(c)onvenient。17.句意:筷子的使用使家庭成員一起吃飯成為可能。根據(jù)“thefamilymemberstohavemeals...”結(jié)合首字母可知,是指一起吃飯。together“一起”符合語(yǔ)境,故填(t)ogether。18.句意:由于西方人喜歡單獨(dú)吃飯,所以他們長(zhǎng)大后有不依賴別人的觀念和習(xí)慣。dependon“依賴”,是固定搭配,of是介詞,后加動(dòng)名詞。故填(d)epending。19.句意:中國(guó)人使用筷子和與他人一起吃飯的方式與中國(guó)家庭的生活方式有關(guān)。根據(jù)“ChinesepeopleusechopsticksandeatwithothersaroundthetableisconnectedwiththelifestyleoftheChinesefamily”結(jié)合首字母可知,中國(guó)人使用筷子和與他人一起吃飯的方式與中國(guó)家庭的生活方式有關(guān)。way“方式”,名詞。故填(w)ay。20.句意:如今,越來(lái)越多的外國(guó)學(xué)生來(lái)到中國(guó)。anincreasingnumberof表示“越來(lái)越多的”。故填(n)umber??枷?:短文雜糅填空雜糅型短文填空是指文章中有多種提示類型,如英語(yǔ)單詞、漢語(yǔ)意思、音標(biāo)或者不給提示詞等。這種題型主要考查考生的整體閱讀能力、語(yǔ)言知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力、邏輯思維能力和書(shū)面表達(dá)能力,特別是單詞和短語(yǔ)的拼寫(xiě)能力。母題3(2023·山東聊城·統(tǒng)考中考真題)閱讀下面短文,在空白處按要求填入適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。每空1個(gè)單詞。ZhaoYafuisanoldagricultural(農(nóng)業(yè)的)researcherinJiangsuProvince.Hespendsmostoftheyearworking21(介詞)thefields.Bornin1941,Zhao’schildhooddreamwastobecome22(冠詞)newsreporter.Whenhewasatcollege,Zhaosawhowhardliveswereinthecountryside,23(連詞)hedecidedtodosomethingtohelp.Hebegantoteachagriculturalsciencetothefarmersinaprimary24(school)inthevillage.“Thevillagersneededsomeonetohelp25(they)changetheirmindsandlearnnewtechniques(技術(shù)),”Zhaosaid.Zhaokepton26(encourage)thefarmerstousethenewtechniquesandtoplantnewkindsofrice,whichbroughtinalotofmoney.Astimewentby,morenew27(house)androadswerebuiltinthevillage.AndthevillagerscametounderstandthatZhao28(real)wantedtohelpthem.BesidesworkinginJiangsu,Zhaoandhisteamarealso29(active)inWesternChina.Since2013,theyhavehelpedmanyfarmersinWesternChinabecomerich.“Isawhowpoorvillagersusedtobe,andIalsoseehowtheyhave30(change)overtheyears.Iwillcontinuewithmyworkifmyhealthisnottoobad,”saidZhao.【答案】21.in22.a(chǎn)23.so24.school25.them26.encouraging27.houses28.really29.a(chǎn)ctive30.changed【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了趙亞夫幫助中國(guó)農(nóng)民致富的事跡。21.句意:他一年中大部分時(shí)間都在田里干活。根據(jù)“thefields”可知此處介詞應(yīng)填入in,inthefields表示“在田里”。故填in。22.句意:出生于1941年,趙的童年夢(mèng)想就是成為一名新聞?dòng)浾?。根?jù)“newsreporter”可知reporter為單數(shù)名詞,news為輔音音素開(kāi)頭的單詞,此處應(yīng)用不定冠詞a來(lái)表泛指。故填a。23.句意:上大學(xué)的時(shí)候,趙看到了農(nóng)村生活的艱難,所以他決定做點(diǎn)什么來(lái)幫忙??崭袂昂髢删湓谡Z(yǔ)意上存在因果關(guān)系,前為因,后為果,因此應(yīng)用表示因果關(guān)系的連詞so來(lái)連接。故填so。24.句意:他開(kāi)始在村里的一所小學(xué)教農(nóng)民農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)。根據(jù)“a”可知此處應(yīng)用名詞school的單數(shù)形式。故填school。25.句意:趙說(shuō):“村民們需要有人幫助他們改變主意,學(xué)習(xí)新技術(shù)?!备鶕?jù)“change”可知此處應(yīng)用人稱代詞they的賓格them作賓語(yǔ)。故填them。26.句意:趙繼續(xù)鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民使用新技術(shù),種植新型水稻,這帶來(lái)了大量資金。根據(jù)“kepton”可知此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)keepondoingsth表示“繼續(xù)做某事”,動(dòng)詞encourage的動(dòng)名詞為encouraging。故填encouraging。27.句意:隨著時(shí)間的推移,村里建起了更多的新房子和道路。根據(jù)“more”可知此處應(yīng)用名詞house的復(fù)數(shù)形式houses。故填houses。28.句意:村民們開(kāi)始明白,趙真的很想幫助他們。根據(jù)“wanted”可知此處應(yīng)用real的副詞really來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞wanted。故填really。29.句意:除了在江蘇工作外,趙和他的團(tuán)隊(duì)還活躍在中國(guó)西部。根據(jù)“are”可知后接形容詞active作表語(yǔ)。故填active。30.句意:我看到了村民們過(guò)去的貧窮,也看到了他們這些年來(lái)的變化。根據(jù)“have”和“overtheyears”可知句子應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),其謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)為:have/has+過(guò)去分詞。動(dòng)詞change的過(guò)去分詞為changed。故填changed??枷?:短文提示詞填空此類短文填空題一般會(huì)給出漢語(yǔ)意思或英文單詞。做此類短文填空題時(shí),要準(zhǔn)確理解語(yǔ)意,根據(jù)文中同樣結(jié)構(gòu)或類似結(jié)構(gòu)確定應(yīng)填詞的詞性和詞形。不可簡(jiǎn)單地都填原形詞。若空格內(nèi)填的是名詞,要考慮其單復(fù)數(shù)形式;若填的是形容詞或副詞,則要考慮其是否屬于比較等級(jí);如若填的是動(dòng)詞,則要特別注意考慮其時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。如在句首,還要考慮其首字母的大寫(xiě)。母題4(2022·浙江衢州·統(tǒng)考中考真題)根據(jù)材料內(nèi)容和所給中文提示,寫(xiě)出空白處各單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。靜夜思
ThoughtsonaTranquilNight李白
ByLiBai床前明月光,Beforemybedapoolof31(光);疑是地上霜。Ocanitbehoarfrostontheground?舉頭望明月,Lookingup,Ifindthemoon32(明亮);低頭思故鄉(xiāng)。Bowing,inhomesicknessI’mdrowned.—TranslatedbyXuYuanchongXuYuanchongisafamoustranslatorinChina.Hebuiltacultural33(橋梁)amongChinese,EnglishandFrenchspeakers.HeshowedthespecialbeautyofancientChinese34(詩(shī)歌)whentranslatingthemintoanotherlanguage.ThroughXu’stranslations,EnglishandFrenchspeakingreadersareableto35(理解)Chineseworksbetter.Meanwhile,Chinesereaderscanenjoyforeignworksmore.XuYuanchongstartedtotranslateduringhiscollegeyears.In1939,hepublishedhisearliestEnglishtranslation.Inthelate1940s,he36(花費(fèi))afewyearsstudyinginFrance.Afterhegraduated,he37(返回)toChinaandputallhiseffortstotranslation.Hesaid,“Thegreatestjoyontheearthistointroducethebeautycreatedbypeopletothe38(整個(gè))world.”XuYuanchongbelievedthattranslationwasakindofartanditwasendless.OnJune17,2021,aftergivinghislifetotranslationformorethan39(六十)years,XupassedawayinBeijingattheageof100.Today,morethan100kindsofXu’sbookshavebeenpopularathomeand40(在國(guó)外).AsXusaid,“Lifeisnothowlongyoulive,buthowlongyoucanremember.”Heenjoyedalifeworthremembering.【答案】31.light32.bright33.bridge34.poems35.understand36.spent37.returned38.whole39.sixty40.a(chǎn)broad【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要向我們介紹了著名的翻譯家許淵沖和他翻譯的《靜夜思》。31.句意:床前明月光。light“光”,在介詞后作賓語(yǔ),故填light。32.句意:舉頭望明月。bright“明亮的”,作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),故填bright。33.句意:他在說(shuō)漢語(yǔ)、英語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)的人之間架起了一座文化的橋梁。bridge“橋梁”,此前有a修飾,使用名詞單數(shù)形式,故填bridge。34.句意:當(dāng)他把中國(guó)古詩(shī)翻譯成另一種語(yǔ)言時(shí),他展示了中國(guó)古詩(shī)的特殊之美。poem“詩(shī)歌”,此處表示復(fù)數(shù)含義,使用名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填poems。35.句意:通過(guò)許的翻譯,說(shuō)英語(yǔ)和法語(yǔ)的讀者能夠更好地理解中國(guó)作品。understand“理解”,beabletodosth“能夠做某事”,故填understand。36.句意:20世紀(jì)40年代末,他在法國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)了幾年。spend“花費(fèi)”,根據(jù)“Inthelate1940s”可知,時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式,故填spent。37.句意:畢業(yè)后,他回到了中國(guó),把所有的精力都放在了翻譯上。return“返回”,根據(jù)“graduated”可知,時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí),動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式,故填returned。38.句意:世界上最大的快樂(lè)就是把人類創(chuàng)造的美介紹給全世界。whole“整個(gè)”,作定語(yǔ)修飾world,故填whole。39.句意:2021年6月17日去世,享年100歲,他將自己的生命獻(xiàn)給了翻譯六十多年。sixty“六十”,作定語(yǔ)修飾year,故填sixty。40.句意:時(shí)至今日,許淵沖的100多種作品在國(guó)內(nèi)外廣受歡迎。abroad“在國(guó)外”,在句中作狀語(yǔ),故填abroad??枷?:短文選詞填空選詞填空是指把一篇文章的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)挖空,詞序打亂,讓學(xué)生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確的詞語(yǔ)填空。此類題型主要是要求學(xué)生在正確理解和把握文章的基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)分析行文線索來(lái)填寫(xiě)空缺單詞,補(bǔ)全短文。滿分技巧 短文填詞答題技巧口訣空前空后要注意,名詞單復(fù)要牢記。要有’s不能棄。動(dòng)詞注意要變形,"皇帝"、"大臣"要分清。形、副注意要用三級(jí),副詞用法要謹(jǐn)記。要用數(shù)詞請(qǐng)留意,千萬(wàn)別忘"基"和"序"。填入代詞需慎重,五格變化記心中。母題5(2023·山東菏澤·統(tǒng)考中考真題)閱讀下面短文,用方框內(nèi)所給詞匯的適當(dāng)形式填空,使短文語(yǔ)義完整。smoke
and
see
quickly
chopstick
be
it
gift
husband
intoThereisaninterestinglegendabouthowchopstickswereinvented.ItissaidthatJiangZiyaandhiswifeoncelivedapoorlifeintheShangDynasty.Thecruelwifewasnotsatisfiedwiththeirlifeandalwayswantedtohurther41.Oneday,JiangZiya’swifecookedsomemeatandputsomethingintoitsecretly.WhenJiangZiyawasabouttotakethemeat,abirdflewinthroughthewindow42pecked(啄)him.Hedidn’teatthemeatandhurriedofftocatchthebird.JiangZiyaknewit43afairybird,sohepretended(假裝)todrivethebirdandranafteritouttoahillside.Thefairybirdstoppedonabamboo,shookofftwobamboosticksandwhispered,“JiangZiya,youshouldpickupthemeatwiththesebamboosticks.”JiangZiya44pickedthetwobamboosticksandreturnedhome.Whenhiswifeaskedhimtoeatthemeatagain,JiangZiyaputthetwobamboosticks45thebowltoholdthemeat.Suddenly,he46thebamboostickshissing(發(fā)出“嘶嘶”聲)outgreensmoke.JiangZiyapretendednottoknowaboutthetruthandsaidtohiswife,“Howcanthemeat47?Isthereanythingwrongwiththemeat?”Ashesaidit,JiangZiyapickedupthemeatandoffered48tohiswife’smouth.Hiswife’sfaceturnedwhiteandshehurriedoutofthedoor.JiangZiyaknewthatthesebamboostickswerea49sentbythefairybird.Fromthenon,heusedthetwobamboosticksforeverymeal.Afterthestorywastold,notonlydidhiswifedarenothurthimagain,butalsotheneighborslearnedtoeatwithbamboosticks.Later,moreandmorepeopleatewith50,andthecustomwaspasseddownfromgenerationtogeneration.【答案】41.husband42.a(chǎn)nd43.was44.quickly45.into46.saw47.smoke48.it49.gift50.chopsticks【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要介紹了一個(gè)關(guān)于筷子是如何發(fā)明的傳說(shuō)。41.句意:殘忍的妻子對(duì)他們的生活不滿意,總是想傷害她的丈夫。根據(jù)“Thecruelwifewasnotsatisfiedwiththeirlifeandalwayswantedtohurther”以及所給詞可知這個(gè)殘忍的妻子想要傷害她的丈夫,husband“丈夫”符合。故填husband。42.句意:姜子牙正要取肉的時(shí)候,一只鳥(niǎo)從窗戶飛了進(jìn)來(lái),啄了他一下?!癴lewinthroughthewindow”和“pecked(啄)him”是并列動(dòng)作,用and連接。故填and。43.句意:姜子牙知道那是一只仙鳥(niǎo),就假裝趕著那只仙鳥(niǎo)跑到了一個(gè)山坡上。根據(jù)“it...afairybird”可知它是一只仙鳥(niǎo),句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí),主語(yǔ)是it,be動(dòng)詞用was。故填was。44.句意:姜子牙趕緊拿起兩根竹簽回家。根據(jù)“pickedthetwobamboosticksandreturnedhome.”以及所給詞可知是快速拿起竹簽,修飾動(dòng)詞用副詞quickly“快速地”。故填quickly。45.句意:當(dāng)妻子讓姜子牙再次吃肉時(shí),姜子牙把兩根竹簽放進(jìn)碗里盛肉。根據(jù)“JiangZiyaputthetwobamboosticks...thebowl”可知是把竹簽放進(jìn)碗里,into“到里面”。故填into。46.句意:突然,他看到竹簽發(fā)出陣陣青煙。根據(jù)“thebamboostickshissing(發(fā)出“嘶嘶”聲)outgreensmoke”以及所給詞可知是看到了青煙,see“看見(jiàn)”,句子用一般過(guò)去時(shí),動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去式。故填saw。47.句意:這肉怎么會(huì)冒煙?根據(jù)“thebamboostickshissing(發(fā)出“嘶嘶”聲)outgreensmoke”可知此處指冒煙,smoke“冒煙”,情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加動(dòng)詞原形。故填smoke。48.句意:說(shuō)著,姜子牙拿起肉遞給妻子。根據(jù)“offered...tohiswife’smouth”可知是把肉放進(jìn)妻子的嘴里,用代詞it。故填it。49.句意:姜子牙知道這些竹簽是仙鳥(niǎo)送的禮物。根據(jù)“sentbythefairybird”以及所給詞可知是仙鳥(niǎo)送的禮物,a后加名詞單數(shù)gift“禮物”。故填gift。50.句意:后來(lái),越來(lái)越多的人用筷子吃飯,這一習(xí)俗代代相傳。根據(jù)“moreandmorepeopleatewith...”可知是用筷子吃飯,chopstick“筷子”,用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填chopsticks。名校新優(yōu)子題高分必刷短文填空名校新優(yōu)子題必刷1短文首字母填空(2023·江蘇鹽城·校考二模)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及首字母提示,填寫(xiě)所缺單詞,使其意思完整。In2011,atsunamihittheFukushimaDaiichinuclearpowerplant(福島第一核電站)inJapan,l1tobignucleardamage(損害).Tostopfurtherproblems,Japand2tousewatertocoolthedamagedreactors(反應(yīng)堆).Now,morethan1.3milliontonsofwater—enoughtofill500Olympic-sizedswimmingpoolshavebeenusedsincet3.It’sstillgoingupwithmorethan100tonseveryday.Thewaterisp4byradioactive(放射性的)materialsandiskeptinstoragetanks.Withoutenoughspacetostorethetanks,JapansaidthatitwouldreleasethewastewaterintothePacificOceanthisspring.OnMarch17,partoftheequipmenttoreleasethewastewaterstartedoperationforthef5time,accordingtoJapanesemediaTVAsahi.Thisdecisionhascausedanumberofhotd6.TheJapanesegovernmentinsistedthattheradionuclides(放射性核素)inthewastewaterwillhavebeenmostlycleared.Soitissafetoreleasethewaterintotheoceananditwon’tbebadfortheenvironment.H7,noteveryoneagreeswiththisdecision.Japan’senvironmentalgroupsandf8worryaboutthesealifeandthefishingindustrythere,theBBCreported.Someneighbouringcountries,s9asSouthKorea,areworriedaboutthepossibleproblemsbroughtontheirownfishingindustriesandtheenvironment.China,alongwithRussia,askedJapanalistoftechnicalquestionsontheplaninMay2022.ButtheJapanesesidewasunabletoanswerthesequestionsortalkf10aboutthematter.OnMarch14,theChineseForeignMinistryonceagaindenounced(譴責(zé))Japan’sdecisiontoreleasethewastewaterintothesea.名校新優(yōu)子題必刷2短文漢語(yǔ)提示填空(2023·浙江湖州·??既#└鶕?jù)短文內(nèi)容和所給中文提示,在空白處寫(xiě)出單詞的正確形式。每空限填一詞。ThePhryges(費(fèi)里熱)—theParis2024MascotsThemascotsforthe2024ParisOlympicsandParalympicshaveshownupinfrontofthepublic.TheyarethePhryges,twoPhrygiancaps.The11(軟的)redcapisalsoknownasalibertycap.Inancienttimes,itwasworninPhrygia,aplaceinmodern-dayTurkey.Thatwashowitgot12(它的)name.DuringtheFrenchRevolution,itwasasymboloffreedom.Today,it13(成為)acommonsymbolforFrenchpeople.Itappearsinpaintings,duringbigevents,andevenoneverydaythingssuchas14(硬幣)andstamps.InTheSmurfs(《藍(lán)精靈》),apopularFrenchcartoonseries,everysmurfwearsaPhrygiancap.Theorganizerssaid15(自豪地)thattheydidn’twanttochooseanimals,or16(那些)differentfromothers.Instead,theyreally17(需要)somethingthatcouldstandforan“ideal”.TheParalympicPhrygehasaprosthetic(假體的)legthatgoestothe18(膝蓋).Michael,agoldmedalwinneratthe2008BeijingParalympics,saystheprostheticlegcan19(發(fā)送)anencouragingmessagetodisabledpeoplearoundtheworld.Thetwomascotsshareamottoof“Alonewego20(更快地),buttogetherwegofurther.”Theywillhelppeoplefromallovertheworldknowmoreaboutthe2024ParisOlympicsandParalympics.名校新優(yōu)子題必刷3短文語(yǔ)境提示填空(2023·重慶沙坪壩·重慶一中??既#└鶕?jù)下面短文內(nèi)容,在短文的空格處填上一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~,使短文完整、通順。Onebrightmorning,IwasoutformyusualrunwhenImetanelderlyladywhowaswavingherphoneandtalkingtomeinalanguageIcouldn’tunderstand.Itsoundedlikeshewasinahurrytogetsomewhere.Iquicklyrealizedthatshewas21andcouldn’tspeakanyEnglish.Sheshowedmeamapapponherphone,butIhadnoideas22toreadit.So,Iquicklygotatranslationapponlineandweusedtheapptocommunicate.ShespokeintothemicrophoneinherlanguageandittranslatedherwordsintoEnglishformetounderstand.Iputinsomewords23myreplytoherandwewereabletocommunicate!Isoonknewthatsheneededtogethome,whichwasalongwalkaway.Shedidn’twanttouseanypublictransportationbutIofferedtowalkhertoabusstopwhereshecouldcallherdaughterfora24.Thenherdaughtercoulddriveherhome.Aswewalked,welaughedandjoked,25wecouldn’tunderstandeachother’slanguage.Itwasaprettyfunexperience!Alongtheway,theelderlyladykept26meformytime.Ihadtokeepremindingherthatitwasnotroubleatallandsayingthatitwasmypleasuretohelpher.Finally,wereachedthebusstopandshemadehercall.Wesaidourgoodbyesandshegavemeaheart-warmingmessagethatmademehappythewholeday.Eventoday,I27holdthatwarmfeelinginmyheart.Nowadays,astechnologyhasprogressedandchangedourworlddaybyday,there’salways28thatneverchanges.Ifyouhelpastrangerfindhisorherway,maybeyouwillalsogethelpfromanotherstrangersometimeinthefuturewhenyougetlostinastrangecity.Wemightloseourwaybutthereisalwaysawaytohelp.名校新優(yōu)子題必刷4短文綜合填空(2023·福建泉州·統(tǒng)考三模)MarkTwainoncesaidthateveryonetalksabouttheweather,butnooneeverdoesanythingaboutit.Thiswas29/tru?/inhisdaybutitmaynotbethecaseintoday’sworld.Infact,humanshave30(find)manydifferentwaystocontroltheweather.Cloudseeding(云催化)isakindoftechnologythatcancontrolrain.Itcanchangetheamountofwaterinsidethecloud,whichhelpscontroltheamountofrain,thetimewhenitrainsandevenwhereitrains.Thistechnologyhasplayedakey31/r?ul/duringimportantevents.Forexample,ChinausedcloudseedinginBeijingjustbeforetheOlympicGamesinordertostoprain32fallingduringtheevent.However,scientistsarestilldiscussing33tousethistechnologyproperly.Ononehand,itisbelievedthatitmighthavesideeffects.Forexample,thingsitusesmaybe34(harm)totheenvironment.Ontheotherhand,notwocloudsare35same,soeverynewexperimentintroducesnew36(change).Besidescontrollingrain,scientistshavealsotriedtofindwaystoweakenstormsandhurricanes(颶風(fēng)).USscientiststhinkitmightbepossibletocontrolhurricanesby37(use)lasers(激光).Othersbelievethatburningpetroleum(石油)inahurricane’spathcould38/sl?u/thestormsdown.名校新優(yōu)子題必刷5短文選詞填空(2023·江蘇鹽城·校考二模)閱讀短文,從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空,使短文通順、意思完整。每詞或短語(yǔ)限用一次。hometown
study
he
treat
help
health
silence
west
accordingto
serveasWuMing,a27-year-oldGerman,isabigfanofChineseculture,liketheShaolinkungfu.HehasbeenlearningTCM—traditionalChinesemedicinesince2016.Nowhe39atHenanUniversityofChineseMedicine.Ashethoughtsomeillnessescan’t40wellwithmodernmedicine,hedecidedtostudyTCM.WucametoHenanProvincein2015,wheretheTCMculturecanbeenjoyedbecauseHenanProvinceisthe41ofZhangZhongjing.AfterlearningtheChineselanguageforoneyear,hestartedtolearnChinesemedicine.“TCMisoneofthebestpartsinChineseculture,”saidWu.HehopestosolveproblemsandunderstandChineseculturebylearningTCM.StudyingTCMalsochangedWu’smindandlifestyle.Heusedtospendmuchtimeplayingcomputergamesandstayuplateeverynight,losthimselfinthisfast-pacedbut42lifestyle.Butnowhelivesahealthyandpeacefullife,practicinggoodhabitslikedrinkingteaandsitting43,aswellasreadingancientbooks,44theYin-Yangtheory(理論)inTCM.Wualsomakesuseofwhathehaslearned45hisfamily.Acupuncture(針灸)toolsandChinesemedicinewerewelcomedwhenhewentbackto46homeinGermany.WithacupunctureandChinese-stylemassages,manyphysicalhealthproblemsofhisfamilieshavebeensolved.Now,healwaysprovideshisfamilywithsomeadviceaboutstayinghealthyafterhecheckstheirtongues(舌頭)online.Overtime,hisfamilybegantounderstandhispassionaboutTCM.InWu’sopinion,there’snobigdifferencebetweenChinaand47countries.HeplanstorunatraditionalChineseclinic(診所)inChinaorGermanyafteruniversity,whichcould48abridgebetweenthetwocountriesandmakeTCManditscultureknownbymorepeople.專題三中考題型語(yǔ)法知語(yǔ)法知識(shí)識(shí)第17講短文填空題型 要點(diǎn)歸納思維導(dǎo)圖考向及母題典例考向1:短文自由填空1.解題步驟:(1)快速瀏覽,了解大意。對(duì)于簡(jiǎn)單把握的空,可以先填出來(lái);(2)上下求索,填出答案。根據(jù)上下文及空格前后的邏輯關(guān)系,填出正確的詞以及正確的形式;(3)通讀全文,檢查確認(rèn)。特別要注意,根據(jù)文章意思,有些空是否要加入否定前綴。無(wú)提示詞的空格一般需要填入冠詞、代詞、介詞、連詞(并列連詞和從屬連詞)等虛詞。(1)名詞前面一般用冠詞、代詞或介詞等。(2)如果需要填入代詞,就要考慮到是人稱代詞的主格、賓格或物主代詞的變化、指示代詞的用法;(3)并列的兩個(gè)或多個(gè)單詞,短語(yǔ),或句子之間設(shè)空,一般填入并列連詞and,but,or等;(4)兩句之間,如果不是并列句,則很可能是主從句,因此需要填入從屬連詞(what,which,who,how,when等)?;蛘呤琴e語(yǔ)從句,定語(yǔ)從句或者是狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞。這種空格需要同學(xué)們根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu),分析到底是什么從句,從而選擇合適的從屬連詞。母題1(2022·廣東·統(tǒng)考中考真題)請(qǐng)閱讀下面短文,在所給的每個(gè)空格中填入一個(gè)形式正確、意義相符的單詞。Wouldyouliketostartyourdaywithacupoftea?Iftheansweris1,youmayhavethesamehabitasmanypeople.Youmaynotknow2popularteais.Amongallkindsofdrinks,teaisoneofthetwochoices.Peoplelikeitbecauseitis3fortheirhealth.Teaismostlyproduced4AsiancountrieslikeChinaandIndia.Chinesepeoplestartedtodrinkteaasearlyas5,000years5.Atthattime,peoplemadeteainasimplewayjustputfreshtealeavesintohot6.Teawasn’tintroducedintoEuropeuntiltheearly17thcentury.Andnowithas7popularinEuropeandAmerica.Peoplethereliketo8teawithsugarormilkinit.Asthepopulationofteadrinkersgetslarger,teabusinessisgetting9importantthanbefore.ThefirstInternationalTeaDaywasonMay21st,2020.Sincethen,peoplehavecelebrated10everyyear.TheDaymakespeoplerealizetheimportanceofteaworkersand....【答案】1.yes2.how3.good4.in5.a(chǎn)go6.water7.become8.drink9.more10.it【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,向我們介紹茶文化的發(fā)展和變化。1.句意:如果答案是肯定的,你可能和很多人有相同的習(xí)慣。根據(jù)“Wouldyouliketostartyourdaywithacupoftea?”和“youmayhavethesamehabitasmanypeople”可知,肯定回答用yes,表示有飲茶習(xí)慣,故填yes。2.句意:你可能不知道茶有多受歡迎。此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的中心詞是形容詞“popular”,用how,故填how。3.句意:人們喜歡它,因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)他們的健康有益。根據(jù)“Peoplelikeitbecauseitis...fortheirhealth.”可知,喝茶對(duì)健康有益,begoodfor“對(duì)……有好處”,故填good。4.句意:茶葉主要產(chǎn)自中國(guó)和印度等亞洲國(guó)家。根據(jù)“Teaismostlyproduced...AsiancountrieslikeChinaandIndia.”可知,用在國(guó)家前,用介詞in,故填in。5.句意:中國(guó)人早在5000年前就開(kāi)始喝茶了。根據(jù)“Chinesepeoplestartedtodrinkteaasearlyas5,000years...”和常識(shí)可知,中國(guó)人早在5000年前就開(kāi)始喝茶了,ago“之前”符合語(yǔ)境,故填ago。6.句意:那時(shí)候,人們泡茶的方法很簡(jiǎn)單,就是把新鮮的茶葉放進(jìn)熱水里。根據(jù)“peoplemadeteainasimplewayjustputfreshtealeavesintohot...”可知,用熱水泡茶,water“水”符合語(yǔ)境,故填water。7.句意:現(xiàn)在它已經(jīng)在歐洲和美國(guó)流行了。根據(jù)“Andnowithas...popularinEuropeandAmerica.”可知,茶現(xiàn)在在歐洲和美國(guó)流行了,become“變得”符合語(yǔ)境,用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)結(jié)構(gòu)中,故填become。8.句意:那里的人喜歡喝茶加糖或牛奶。根據(jù)“Peoplethereliketo...teawithsugarormilkinit.”可知,喜歡喝茶的時(shí)候加糖或牛奶,drink“喝”,liketodosth“喜歡做某事”,故填drink。9.句意:隨著飲茶人群的增加,茶葉生意變得比以前更加重要。根據(jù)“thanbefore”可知,此處使用比較級(jí),moreimportant“更重要的”,故填more。10.句意:從那時(shí)起,人們每年都慶祝這一天。此處指“InternationalTeaDay”,用it代替,在句中作賓語(yǔ),故填it。考向2:短文首字母填空首字母填空是根據(jù)句意和已給出的首字母,在句子的空白處填上適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~,使句子意思完整,語(yǔ)法正確的一種題型。該題型既考查學(xué)生的單詞記憶和拼寫(xiě)能力,又考查學(xué)生對(duì)句子的理解和運(yùn)用能力。滿分技巧 1.跳過(guò)空格,不看選項(xiàng),快速地閱讀全文,從整體上感知全文,掌握大意,了解全篇的內(nèi)容和要旨??焖匍喿x時(shí)寧粗勿細(xì),切忌只盯住一個(gè)句子倉(cāng)促解題,這樣勢(shì)必因胸?zé)o全局而誤入歧途??焖匍喿x時(shí),還要注意找出關(guān)鍵詞,這些詞在文中起支撐骨架的功能,抓住了關(guān)鍵詞就抓住了故事的線索。特別是要重視首句,善于以首句的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣為立足點(diǎn),理清文脈,推測(cè)全文時(shí)態(tài)、主題及大意。2.復(fù)讀短文,確定語(yǔ)義,判斷詞形。把握短文大意后再認(rèn)真復(fù)讀短文,利用上下文的語(yǔ)境,結(jié)合所學(xué)過(guò)的知識(shí),先確定空格處所需詞語(yǔ)的意義,再根據(jù)空格在句子中的位置,判斷其在句中充當(dāng)?shù)某煞郑瑥亩_定所填詞的詞性,再依據(jù)詞語(yǔ)搭配和語(yǔ)法規(guī)則,判斷所填詞的正確形式。如短文難度較大,尤其是難于選詞時(shí),從本句的前后觀察中一時(shí)尚不得要領(lǐng),就要進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大到上下文中分析。3.三讀短文,上下參照,驗(yàn)證答案。在短文的空白處分別填上一個(gè)詞后,將完成的短文再細(xì)讀一遍,上下參照,連貫思考。可從上下文內(nèi)容是否協(xié)調(diào)一致、順理成章,語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確無(wú)誤等進(jìn)行綜合驗(yàn)證,凡有疑問(wèn)必須重新推敲考慮。母題2(2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考中考真題)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容及所給首字母提示寫(xiě)出所缺單詞,使短文意思完整,每空一詞。Atthedinnertable,Westernersuseknivesandforks,whiletheChineseusechopsticks.S11atleast3,000yearsago,chopstickshavebeentheeatingtoolfortheChinesepeople.AncientChineseusedpotterypots(陶罐)tocookfoodduringthePotteryAge.Andtheyusedbranchesorbamboostickstop12upthefood.Lateron,theydevelopedthehabitofusingthechopsticks.Ingeneral,thematerialofchopstickscanbed13intofivegroups:bambooandwood,metal,jade,boneandchemicalplastics.InModernChinesefamilylife,peopleprefertousethebambooorwoodenchopsticksb14theyaregoodfortheenvironmentandcostalittle.Usingknivesandforksorchopsticksbringsaboutadifferencenoto15inlifestyle.Forexample,theuseofknivesandforksmakesitc16forpeopletoeatindividually(分別地).Andtheuseofchopsticksmakesitpossibleforthefamilymemberstohavemealst17.AstheWesternersprefertoeatindividually,theyhavetheideaandhabitofnotd18onothersaftertheygrowintoadults.Th
溫馨提示
- 1. 本站所有資源如無(wú)特殊說(shuō)明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請(qǐng)下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
- 2. 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請(qǐng)聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權(quán)益歸上傳用戶所有。
- 3. 本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網(wǎng)頁(yè)內(nèi)容里面會(huì)有圖紙預(yù)覽,若沒(méi)有圖紙預(yù)覽就沒(méi)有圖紙。
- 4. 未經(jīng)權(quán)益所有人同意不得將文件中的內(nèi)容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
- 5. 人人文庫(kù)網(wǎng)僅提供信息存儲(chǔ)空間,僅對(duì)用戶上傳內(nèi)容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護(hù)處理,對(duì)用戶上傳分享的文檔內(nèi)容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對(duì)任何下載內(nèi)容負(fù)責(zé)。
- 6. 下載文件中如有侵權(quán)或不適當(dāng)內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
- 7. 本站不保證下載資源的準(zhǔn)確性、安全性和完整性, 同時(shí)也不承擔(dān)用戶因使用這些下載資源對(duì)自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。
最新文檔
- 數(shù)字課件教學(xué)課件
- 兒童課件教學(xué)課件
- 2024小區(qū)房屋出租合同范本(簡(jiǎn)單)
- 2024年城市綠化項(xiàng)目分包協(xié)議
- 2024標(biāo)準(zhǔn)交易居間合同樣本
- 2024年二手房一次性買賣合同(含付款方式)
- 2024個(gè)人購(gòu)房合同書(shū)
- 護(hù)理課件背景教學(xué)課件
- 2024年小學(xué)家長(zhǎng)委員會(huì)組織協(xié)議
- 做文明禮儀的好學(xué)生發(fā)言稿(7篇)
- NY/T 309-1996全國(guó)耕地類型區(qū)、耕地地力等級(jí)劃分
- GB/T 7973-2003紙、紙板和紙漿漫反射因數(shù)的測(cè)定(漫射/垂直法)
- GB/T 5976-2006鋼絲繩夾
- 坐標(biāo)紙(網(wǎng)格型坐標(biāo)紙-直接打印即可)
- GB/T 39633-2020協(xié)作機(jī)器人用一體式伺服電動(dòng)機(jī)系統(tǒng)通用規(guī)范
- FZ/T 01002-2010印染企業(yè)綜合能耗計(jì)算辦法及基本定額
- 藥品儲(chǔ)備評(píng)估表
- 國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金申請(qǐng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)匯總課件
- 青春期女孩自尊自愛(ài)課件
- 2023年西藏開(kāi)發(fā)投資集團(tuán)有限公司招聘筆試題庫(kù)及答案解析
- 小學(xué)語(yǔ)文人教三年級(jí)上冊(cè)觀察桔子孫娟課件
評(píng)論
0/150
提交評(píng)論