河南省南陽(yáng)市六校聯(lián)考2024-2025學(xué)年高一上學(xué)期10月月考英語(yǔ)試題（含答案解析）

2024—2025學(xué)年（上）南陽(yáng)六校高一年級(jí)期中考試英語(yǔ)考生注意：1.答題前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)填寫在試卷和答題卡上，并將考生號(hào)條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無(wú)效。3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽(tīng)力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有2分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomaninvitethemantodo?A.Gobikeriding.B.Meetafriend.C.Dosomewriting.2.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Listeningtosongs.B.Tastingdeliciousfood.C.Introducingthemselves.3.WhatcoloristheEnglishteacher'shair?A.Brown.B.Black.C.Grey.4.Whatwillthewomanprobablystudynextyear?A.History.B.Chemistry.C.Math.5.Wheredoesthisconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.Atthetrainstation.C.Atabookshop.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽(tīng)完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shewenttoseeamovie.B.Shegotsomemoney.C.Shetookpartinagame.7.Whatdidthewomanwin?A.Abike.B.Abook.C.Acamera.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.What'sthematterwithPaul?A.Hebrokethecar.B.Helosthisjob.C.Hecamehomelate.9.Whatdoesthemanspeakeroffertodo?A.Lendthewomansomemoney.B.Callthewoman'sson.C.Askhisbrotherforhelp.聽(tīng)第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Wherewillthewomangotovisitheraunt?A.London.B.Oxford.C.Edinburgh.11.Whenisthewomanleaving?A.NextFriday.B.NextSaturday.C.NextSunday.12.Whatwillthemandonextweekend?A.Goonholiday.B.Callonhisgrandparents.C.Lookaftersomepets.聽(tīng)第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatdothespeakersdecidetodo?A.Attendaconcert.B.Goshopping.C.Watchamovie.14Howwillthespeakersgettotheplace?A.Onfoot.B.Bybus.C.Bycar.15.Whattimewillthespeakersmeet?A.At2:00pm.B.At4:00pm.C.At5:00pm.16.Whatwillthespeakerseat?A.Dumplings.B.Sandwiches.C.Potatochips.聽(tīng)第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.WhydidBrennagotoLondon?A.Tostudy.B.Totravel.C.Towork.18.Whatdoesthespeakerthinkofwriting?A.Itiswell-paid.B.Itistiring.C.Itisfun.19.Whichcountrydidthespeakerandherhusbandfirstgotolastyear?A.Spain.B.Portugal.C.France.20.Whatdothespeakerandherhusbandplantodonextyear?A.Visittheirchildren.B.Buyacamper.C.StudyinMilan.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ATeenswhoarejustabouttoenterhighschoolwillfaceaproblem-whichsporttochoose.Someteenagershaveneverbeeninvolvedinorganizedsportsandlotsofstressmaycomeintoplay.Ifthissoundslikeyourteen,encouragethemtotrythesportthatmostattractsthem.HereisalistofsomeofthetopfavoredsportsbyteenagersintheUSA.Basketball:Itisthemostpopularsportwithalmosthalfamilliongirlsplayinginschoolteams.Andmorethan5.8millionboysandgirlsplaycompetitively,choosingitastheirfavoritesportandplayinginschoolteams.It’sagoodteamsport.Americanfootball:Itisnolongerthenumberonesportplayedamongteenagers,mainlybecauseoftheriseofothersports.Someparentsbelieveittobeadangeroussportbut,withtherightcoachandenvironmentaswellastheequipment,itshouldbeperfectlysafetotakepartin.Volleyball:Itisexcellentforgirlsandisagoodgametoplayinateam.Itisthefifthfavoredsportforgirlsandtheygetconfidenceinthesport.It’salsoagoodideatoinvolvethemincompetitivevolleyball.Trackandfield:Ifyourteenlikesindividualsport,trackandfieldisgoodtotakepartin.Trackandfieldincludesrunning,throwingandjumping.Trackandfieldcanprovideachanceforalmostanyyouthtogetoutandcompete.1.WhatisthemainreasonforAmericanfootball’sbeinglessattractive?A.Itisconsideredadangeroussport. B.Othersportsgrowinpopularity.C.Ittakesuptoomuchofteenagers’time. D.Studentsarenolongerinterestedinteamsports.2.Whichsportcanhelpmakegirlsconfident?A.Basketball. B.Americanfootball. C.Volleyball. D.Trackandfield.3.Whoisthetextaimedat?A.Teenagers. B.Coaches. C.Teachers. D.Parents.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了美國(guó)青少年如何選擇運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Itisnolongerthenumberonesportplayedamongteenagers,mainlybecauseoftheriseofothersports.(它不再是青少年最喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)，主要是因?yàn)槠渌\(yùn)動(dòng)的興起。)”可知，美式足球變得不那么吸引人的主要原因是其他運(yùn)動(dòng)越來(lái)越受歡迎。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Itisexcellentforgirlsandisagoodgametoplayinateam.Itisthefifthfavoredsportforgirlsandtheygetconfidenceinthesport.(這對(duì)女孩來(lái)說(shuō)是極好的，也是一個(gè)很好的團(tuán)隊(duì)游戲。這是女孩們第五喜歡的運(yùn)動(dòng)，她們對(duì)這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)有信心。)”可知，排球讓女孩自信。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ifthissoundslikeyourteen,encouragethemtotrythesportthatmostattractsthem.(如果這聽(tīng)起來(lái)像你的孩子，鼓勵(lì)他們嘗試最吸引他們的運(yùn)動(dòng)。)”可知，這篇文章是針對(duì)父母的，故選D。BGustavoDudamelcomesbackforanothershow.It’sthefirstnightfortheLosAngelesPhilharmonicinCalifornia.Whenpeopleseetheconductor,thenoiseinsidetheWaltDisneyConcertHallgetslouder.Dudamelwalkstothestageandraiseshisheadandarms.ThegroupstartsplayingtheStarWarstheme.Attheend,peoplealljumpup.It’sthekindofresponseyou’dseeataconcertbyTaylorSwift,averypopularpopsinger.Dudamelsayslaterthatmusicisnotjustforfun.Itbringsustogetherevenifwecomeinfeelingverydifferent.UnderDudamel’sleadership,theLosAngelesPhilharmonichasspreadtheunitingpowerofmusicacrossdifferencesinmoney,class,colorandage.AnditsYouthOrchestraLosAngeles(YOLA)hasworkedwithmorethan1,500kids,givingtheminstrumentsandlessonssotheycanperform.Dudamelgrewupinaworking-classfamilyinVenezuela.Hismomwasasingingteacher.Hisdadplayedinaband.ButwhatwasmoreimportantforDudamel’smusicalgrowthwasElSistema,Venezuela’snationalclassicalmusiceducationandperformanceprogramforpoorkids.Dudameljoinedwhenhewas5.ItwasElSistemathatgavehimaviolinthreeyearslater.TheYOLAprogramstartedin2007,afterDudamelshowedElSistema’sworkinVenezuelatomembersoftheLosAngelesPhilharmonicorganization.Theroots(根)DudamelputdowninLosAngeleshavespreadfarbeyondDisneyHall.InOctober2021,theBeckmenYOLACenteropeneditsdoorsinInglewood,California.Theformerbankbuildinghadbeenturnedintoaplaceforlessons,recordingandperformance.Dudamelrememberssomeoneoncesaid:Theyoungmusiciansshouldn’tbesatisfiedwithaprogramthatisjust“goodenough”.Theyshouldbegiventhebestinstrumentsthebestteachers,andthemostinspiringplacestogrowanddowell.4.WhyisTaylorSwiftmentionedinparagraph1?A.ToshowDudamel’spopularity.B.Toleadinthetopictodiscuss.C.Toexplainthedifficultyinconducting.D.TocomparethedifferencesbetweenTaylorSwiftandDudamel.5.WhatisthepurposeofYOLA?A.Toofferchancestoadultmusicians. B.Togettheyouthofdifferentbackgroundstogether.C.Toprovidemusicaleducationfortheyoung. D.Tohelpschoolswithmusiclessons.6.WhathelpsmostinDudamel’smusicaldevelopment?A.Hisparents’experience. B.Hisnaturalabilityinmusic.C.TheYOLAprogram’ssupport. D.HisstudyinElSistema.7.Whatcanbelearnedfromparagraph4?A.TheYOLAprogramhasachievedmorethanexpected.B.Thebankbuildingwasperfectforperformance.C.TheDisneyHallcannotholdalloftheYOLAmembers.D.Californianeedsmoresupportforyoungmusicians.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。這篇文章主要講述了著名指揮家古斯塔沃?杜達(dá)梅爾的音樂(lè)事業(yè)和他對(duì)音樂(lè)的熱愛(ài)以及他在洛杉磯愛(ài)樂(lè)樂(lè)團(tuán)和YOLA計(jì)劃中的貢獻(xiàn)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Whenpeopleseetheconductor,thenoiseinsidetheWaltDisneyConcertHallgetslouder.Dudamelwalkstothestageandraiseshisheadandarms.ThegroupstartsplayingtheStarWarstheme.Attheend,peoplealljumpup.It’sthekindofresponseyou’dseeataconcertbyTaylorSwift,averypopularpopsinger.(當(dāng)人們看到指揮時(shí)，迪斯尼音樂(lè)廳里的噪音變得更大。杜達(dá)梅爾走到舞臺(tái)上，抬起頭和手臂。樂(lè)隊(duì)開(kāi)始演奏《星球大戰(zhàn)》的主題曲。最后，大家都跳起來(lái)。這是你在非常受歡迎的流行歌手泰勒·斯威夫特的演唱會(huì)上看到的那種回應(yīng)。)”可知，作者提到泰勒?斯威夫特是為了展示觀眾對(duì)杜達(dá)梅爾的反應(yīng)與對(duì)泰勒?斯威夫特這種流行歌手的反應(yīng)類似，從而體現(xiàn)出杜達(dá)梅爾的受歡迎程度，故選A。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“UnderDudamel’sleadership,theLosAngelesPhilharmonichasspreadtheunitingpowerofmusicacrossdifferencesinmoney,class,colorandage.AnditsYouthOrchestraLosAngeles(YOLA)hasworkedwithmorethan1,500kids,givingtheminstrumentsandlessonssotheycanperform.(在杜達(dá)梅爾的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下，洛杉磯愛(ài)樂(lè)樂(lè)團(tuán)跨越了金錢、階級(jí)、膚色和年齡的差異，傳播了音樂(lè)的團(tuán)結(jié)力量。它的洛杉磯青年管弦樂(lè)團(tuán)已經(jīng)與1500多名孩子合作，為他們提供樂(lè)器和課程，以便他們能夠表演。)”可知，YOLA的目的是為年輕人提供音樂(lè)教育。故選C。【6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“ButwhatwasmoreimportantforDudamel’smusicalgrowthwasElSistema,Venezuela’snationalclassicalmusiceducationandperformanceprogramforpoorkids.Dudameljoinedwhenhewas5.ItwasElSistemathatgavehimaviolinthreeyearslater.(但對(duì)杜達(dá)梅爾的音樂(lè)成長(zhǎng)更重要的是委內(nèi)瑞拉為貧困兒童提供的國(guó)家古典音樂(lè)教育和表演項(xiàng)目ElSistema。杜達(dá)梅爾5歲時(shí)加入。三年后，是ElSistema給了他一把小提琴。)”可知，對(duì)杜達(dá)梅爾的音樂(lè)發(fā)展幫助最大的是他在ElSistema的學(xué)習(xí)，故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“TheYOLAprogramstartedin2007,afterDudamelshowedElSistema’sworkinVenezuelatomembersoftheLosAngelesPhilharmonicorganization.Theroots(根)DudamelputdowninLosAngeleshavespreadfarbeyondDisneyHall.InOctober2021,theBeckmenYOLACenteropeneditsdoorsinInglewood,California.(YOLA項(xiàng)目始于2007年，當(dāng)時(shí)杜達(dá)梅爾向洛杉磯愛(ài)樂(lè)樂(lè)團(tuán)的成員展示了ElSistema在委內(nèi)瑞拉的作品。杜達(dá)梅爾在洛杉磯的根基已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出了迪士尼大廳。2021年10月，貝克曼YOLA中心在加利福尼亞州英格伍德開(kāi)業(yè)。)”可知，YOLA計(jì)劃已經(jīng)在洛杉磯生根發(fā)芽，并且超出了迪士尼音樂(lè)廳的范圍，在加利福尼亞州英格爾伍德開(kāi)設(shè)了新的中心，這說(shuō)明YOLA計(jì)劃取得了比預(yù)期更多的成就，故選A。CMorethanabillionyoungpeopleacrosstheworlddon’thaveanInternetconnection.Thatfactisholdingbackglobal(全球的)change,saystheWorldWideWebinventor,SirTimBerners-Lee.InaletterhehaswrittenfortheWeb’s32ndbirthdaytoday,SirTimiscallingforaglobalpushtoconnectallyoungpeoplesafelytotheInternet.SirTim’sletterrepliestoareportfromUnitedNationsChildren’sFund(UNICEF)attheendoflastyear,whichshowedtwo-thirdsoftheworld’sschool-agechildren-1.3billionchildrenaged3to17-don’thaveanInternetconnectionintheirhomes.ThefearisthatthisnotenoughInternetaccess(機(jī)會(huì))couldcostthemtheirfuturesbyseparatingthemfromtheworld,andkeepingeducationoutofreach.UNICEFsaysadigitaldividemeanschildrenandyoungpeoplefromthepoorestfamiliesandcountriesaremissingout.Anditisconcernedthatthesechildrenarefallingevenfurtherbehindotherchildren,withverylittleopportunitytocatchup.Today’sletter,publishedbySirTimandRosemaryLeithfromtheWebFoundation,stressesyoungleaderswhoareusingdigitaltechnologytotacklesomeoftheworld’sproblemslikeinequality,environmentalissuesandotherglobalchallenges.ButRosemarysaystheseopportunitiesneedtobeopentoall:“Ifhalfofyoungpeopleareunabletousethetoolstodevelopinadigitalworld-tolearnnewskills,runbusinesses,andbuildcommunities-societyasawholewillmissoutontheirabilities,ideasandefforts.”SirTimisalsocallingontechcompaniesandgovernmentstoworkonwaystoprotectyoungpeoplefromharmonlineandmakeyoungpeople’srightsandwell-beingatoppriority(優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)).8.HowdoesSirTimfindthefactthatmanyyoungpeoplelivewithouttheInternet?A.Worrying. B.Satisfying. C.Strange. D.Acceptable.9.WhatisUNICEFworriedabout?A.TheslowdevelopmentoftheInternet.B.ThehighcostofInternetconnectionforcommonfamilies.C.Theinfluenceofthedigitalproductsonchildren’shealth.D.Thewideningdifferencesindigitalaccessbetweenthepoorandtherich.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“tackle”inparagraph4mean?A.Check. B.Record. C.Understand. D.Solve.11.WhatdoRosemary’swordsshow?A.Digitaltoolsshouldbeusedineducatingstudents.B.Theabilitiesandideasofyoungpeoplewillbenefitsociety.C.Digitaltoolsarethemostimportantinlearningnewskills.D.Internetsupportshouldbeseriouslyconsideredbythegovernment.【答案】8.A9.D10.D11.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文講述了萬(wàn)維網(wǎng)發(fā)明者蒂姆·伯納斯-李針對(duì)全球三分之一學(xué)齡兒童無(wú)法在家上網(wǎng)這一問(wèn)題，呼吁全球共同推動(dòng)所有年輕人安全上網(wǎng)，并強(qiáng)調(diào)數(shù)字技術(shù)對(duì)于解決全球問(wèn)題的重要性，同時(shí)要求科技公司和政府優(yōu)先保護(hù)年輕人免受網(wǎng)絡(luò)傷害。【8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“InaletterhehaswrittenfortheWeb’s32ndbirthdaytoday,SirTimiscallingforaglobalpushtoconnectallyoungpeoplesafelytotheInternet.(今天，蒂姆爵士為互聯(lián)網(wǎng)32歲生日寫了一封信，他呼吁全球推動(dòng)所有年輕人安全上網(wǎng)。)”可知，蒂姆爵士認(rèn)為許多年輕人沒(méi)有互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的生活是令人擔(dān)憂的。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“UNICEFsaysadigitaldividemeanschildrenandyoungpeoplefromthepoorestfamiliesandcountriesaremissingout.Anditisconcernedthatthesechildrenarefallingevenfurtherbehindotherchildren,withverylittleopportunitytocatchup.(聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)表示，數(shù)字鴻溝意味著來(lái)自最貧困家庭和國(guó)家的兒童和年輕人被排除在外。令人擔(dān)憂的是，這些孩子比其他孩子落后得更遠(yuǎn)，幾乎沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)趕上來(lái)。)”可知，聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)擔(dān)心的是窮人和富人在數(shù)字接入方面的差距越來(lái)越大，故選D?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“stressesyoungleaderswhoareusingdigitaltechnologyto(強(qiáng)調(diào)了利用數(shù)字技術(shù)……的年輕領(lǐng)導(dǎo))”以及后文“someoftheworld’sproblemslikeinequality,environmentalissuesandotherglobalchallenges(世界上的一些問(wèn)題，如不平等、環(huán)境問(wèn)題和其他全球性挑戰(zhàn))”可知，發(fā)表的信中主要強(qiáng)調(diào)利用數(shù)字技術(shù)解決世界問(wèn)題的年輕領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。故劃線詞意思是“處理”，故選D。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“ButRosemarysaystheseopportunitiesneedtobeopentoall:“Ifhalfofyoungpeopleareunabletousethetoolstodevelopinadigitalworld-tolearnnewskills,runbusinesses,andbuildcommunities-societyasawholewillmissoutontheirabilities,ideasandefforts.”(但羅斯瑪麗說(shuō)，這些機(jī)會(huì)需要向所有人開(kāi)放：“如果一半的年輕人不能使用這些工具在數(shù)字世界中發(fā)展——學(xué)習(xí)新技能、經(jīng)營(yíng)企業(yè)和建立社區(qū)——整個(gè)社會(huì)將錯(cuò)過(guò)他們的能力、想法和努力?！?”可知，羅茲瑪麗的話表明年輕人的能力和想法將造福社會(huì)，故選B。DAstheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange(IPCC)says,toavoidatoo-hotworld,weneedtodoallwecanrightnowtocontrolgreenhousegasemissions(排放).Thefashionindustrymakesupto10%ofglobalemissions-morethanaviationandshipping.Italsocausesotherproblems,likebiodiversityloss,pollution,landfillproblemsandunsafework.It’snotthefirsttimethatpeoplehavechangedtheirclothesforacrisis(危機(jī)).DuringWorldWarII,clothingstylesintheUKandAustraliachanged.Withtheaimofsavingenergy,shortskirts,littledetailandafocusonusefulnessbecamenormal.Now,thebestthingwecandoisbuyfewernewclothesandwearthemlongerbycontrollingourdesire.Australiansbuyalotofclothing,about56piecesayear.ThatmakesthemthesecondbiggestcountryaftertheUSA,whosepeoplebuymanyclothes.Clothingpriceshavedroppedalotinthepastfewyearsandpeoplehavemoreclothes.TheHotorCoolInstituteinBerlinsaysawardrobe(衣柜)of74piecesofclothing(includingshoesbutnotunderwear)isenoughforpeopleinatwo-seasonclimateand85forthoseinafour-seasonclimatelikemostAustralians.Ifwebuy10to12newthingsayear,wecanreplaceourclothinginaboutsevenyears.Ifwecareaboutsustainable(可持續(xù)的)development,weneedtochangeourchoicesthatdon’tfittheclimatecrisis.Clothesshouldshowaperson’ssituationandidentity.Thismightmeanourclotheschangeaswemakedifferentbuyingdecisions,likeinWorldWarII.Wemightlookdifferent,butthatchangeshowsourvaluesinaction.12.Whatdoestheauthorstressinthefirstparagraph?A.Theproblemswiththefashionindustry.B.Thebadinfluencesofgreenhousegasemissions.C.Theimportanceofreducinggreenhousegases.D.Thenecessityofdevelopingthefashionindustry.13.WhywereclothingstyleschangedduringWorldWarIIintheUK?A.Tofollowthefashion. B.Tosaveenergy.C.Toincreaseclothingproduction. D.Todevelopahealthierlifestyle.14.WhatdoestheBerlin-basedHotorCoolInstitutesuggestdoing?A.Avoidingbuyingexpensiveclothes. B.Clearingupone’swardrobeintime.C.Controllingthenumberofclotheswebuy. D.Replacingone’swardrobewhennecessary.15.Whatcanbethemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.ShopLessandDressProperlyB.WearWiselyandLiveSustainablyC.HowManyClothesShouldWeBuyEveryYear?D.WhatShouldWeWeartoCutGreenhouseGasEmissions?【答案】12A13.B14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。時(shí)裝行業(yè)的排放量占全球排放量的10%，給應(yīng)對(duì)氣候危機(jī)帶來(lái)了很大壓力，作者在文章中提倡改變價(jià)值觀念，減少衣物的購(gòu)買和浪費(fèi)，過(guò)可持續(xù)的生活?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thefashionindustrymakesupto10%ofglobalemissions-morethanaviationandshipping.Italsocausesotherproblems,likebiodiversityloss,pollution,landfillproblemsandunsafework.(時(shí)裝業(yè)的排放量占全球排放量的10%，比航空業(yè)和航運(yùn)業(yè)還要多。它還造成其他問(wèn)題，如生物多樣性喪失、污染、垃圾填埋問(wèn)題和不安全的工作)”可知，作者在第一段中強(qiáng)調(diào)了時(shí)裝行業(yè)帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題。故選A?！?3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“DuringWorldWarII,clothingstylesintheUKandAustraliachanged.Withtheaimofsavingenergy,shortskirts,littledetailandafocusonusefulnessbecamenormal.(第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，英國(guó)和澳大利亞的服裝風(fēng)格發(fā)生了變化。為了節(jié)約能源，短裙、小尾巴和注重實(shí)用性成為了一種常態(tài))”可知，二戰(zhàn)期間英國(guó)的服裝風(fēng)格發(fā)生變化是為了節(jié)約能源。故選B?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“TheHotorCoolInstituteinBerlinsaysawardrobe(衣柜)of74piecesofclothing(includingshoesbutnotunderwear)isenoughforpeopleinatwo-seasonclimateand85forthoseinafour-seasonclimatelikemostAustralians.Ifwebuy10to12newthingsayear,wecanreplaceourclothinginaboutsevenyears.(柏林的冷熱研究所表示，74件衣服（包括鞋子但不包括內(nèi)衣）的衣櫥（衣柜）對(duì)于兩季氣候的人來(lái)說(shuō)足夠了，而對(duì)于像大多數(shù)澳大利亞人這樣四季氣候的人來(lái)說(shuō)，85件衣服就足夠了。如果我們每年買10到12件新東西，我們可以在大約7年內(nèi)更換我們的衣服)”可知，總部位于柏林的冷熱研究所的建議側(cè)重于限制衣服的數(shù)量。故選C?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifwecareaboutsustainable(可持續(xù)的)development,weneedtochangeourchoicesthatdon’tfittheclimatecrisis.Clothesshouldshowaperson’ssituationandidentity.Thismightmeanourclotheschangeaswemakedifferentbuyingdecisions,likeinWorldWarII.Wemightlookdifferent,butthatchangeshowsourvaluesinaction.(如果我們關(guān)心可持續(xù)發(fā)展，我們就需要改變與氣候危機(jī)不相符的選擇。衣服應(yīng)該顯示一個(gè)人的處境和身份。這可能意味著當(dāng)我們做出不同的購(gòu)買決定時(shí)，我們的衣服會(huì)發(fā)生變化，就像第二次世界大戰(zhàn)一樣。我們可能看起來(lái)不同，但這種變化表明我們的價(jià)值觀在行動(dòng))”可知，文章主要是講為了應(yīng)對(duì)氣候危機(jī)，我們需要改變價(jià)值觀念，減少衣物的購(gòu)買和浪費(fèi)，過(guò)可持續(xù)的生活，B項(xiàng)“明智穿著，可持續(xù)生活”符合文意。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Everythingthatisstressfulintheworldkeepsyouup.____16____.Almost40%ofpeopleworldwidehavereportedsleepproblemsoverthepasttwoyears.It’snormaltowakeupatnight,butbadnewscankeepyourmindactiveandmakeithardtofallbackasleep.Simplestepscanhelp.☆Testyourpillow(枕頭)Ifyouboughtyourpillowtheyearbeforelastyear,it’salreadyold.Itissuggestedthatyoushouldreplaceiteveryonetotwoyears.Apillowpastitsbesttimecancauseneckpainandgiveyourbrainpainsignals(信號(hào)),resultinginrestlesssleep.____17____.☆GetanhourofsunlighteachdayMorningsunlightisimportantforgoodsleep.Itcontrolstheproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素)inyourbrain.____18____.Aimfor15to30minutesofdirectlightfirstthingandtwo15-minuteoutdoorbreaksduringtheday.Thelighttellsyourbrainthatit'stimetobeawake.☆____19____Inastudy,researchersfollowed321patientswithhigh-saltdietsandsleepproblemsfor12weeks.Whenpeoplecutdownonsalt,theiraveragetoilettripsreducedfromtwiceanighttoonce.Andthosewhoatemoresaltwokeupmoreoftentogotothebathroom.☆Solveyourtroublesbeforedinner____20____.Heateddiscussionsarelesslikelytoinfluenceyoursleepifyoustartthemearlier.Argumentscanactivateyoursympatheticnervoussystem,whichinfluencessleep.Someresearchevensuggeststhatgoingtobedangrymaymakeyoubad-tempered(壞脾氣的)thenextmorning.A.AvoidsaltyfoodsbeforebedB.HavesomedeliciousfoodfordinnerC.ThishelpskeepawayfromtiringmorningfeelingD.ItisnowondermanyofusarestrugglingtosleepE.WeusuallywakeupmoreandgetlesssleepoverallF.Ifyouneedtoargueaboutaproblem,don’twaituntilnightG.Whenyourbrainisreceivingpainsignals,itcan’tsendsleepsignalsatthesametime【答案】16.D17.G18.C19.A20.F【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一些可以幫助睡眠的建議。【16題詳解】上文“Everythingthatisstressfulintheworldkeepsyouup.(世界上任何有壓力的事情都會(huì)讓你睡不著。)”以及下文“Almost40%ofpeopleworldwidehavereportedsleepproblemsoverthepasttwoyears.(在過(guò)去兩年中，全球近40%的人報(bào)告了睡眠問(wèn)題。)”說(shuō)明任何有壓力的事情都會(huì)讓你睡不著，世界上有很多人都有睡眠問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)D“難怪我們很多人都難以入睡”承接上文，任何有壓力的事情都會(huì)導(dǎo)致睡不著，有很多人難以入睡，同時(shí)引出下文，故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Apillowpastitsbesttimecancauseneckpainandgiveyourbrainpainsignals(信號(hào)),resultinginrestlesssleep.(過(guò)了最佳使用時(shí)間的枕頭會(huì)引起頸部疼痛，并向你的大腦發(fā)出疼痛信號(hào)，導(dǎo)致睡眠不安穩(wěn)。)”說(shuō)明舊枕頭會(huì)引起頸部疼痛，向大腦發(fā)出疼痛信號(hào)，導(dǎo)致睡不好，選項(xiàng)G“當(dāng)你的大腦接收疼痛信號(hào)時(shí)，它不能同時(shí)發(fā)送睡眠信號(hào)”承接上文，對(duì)上文進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步解釋，舊枕頭引起頸部疼痛，向大腦發(fā)出疼痛信號(hào)，卻不能同時(shí)發(fā)送睡眠信號(hào)，因此會(huì)導(dǎo)致睡不好。故選G項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】上文“Morningsunlightisimportantforgoodsleep.Itcontrolstheproductionofmelatonin(褪黑素)inyourbrain.(早晨的陽(yáng)光對(duì)良好的睡眠很重要。它控制大腦中褪黑激素的產(chǎn)生。)”說(shuō)明早上的陽(yáng)光控制大腦中褪黑激素的產(chǎn)生，有助于睡眠，選項(xiàng)C“這有助于避免早晨疲勞的感覺(jué)”承接上文，早上的陽(yáng)光可以避免早上的疲勞，故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】下文“Inastudy,researchersfollowed321patientswithhigh-saltdietsandsleepproblemsfor12weeks.Whenpeoplecutdownonsalt,theiraveragetoilettripsreducedfromtwiceanighttoonce.Andthosewhoatemoresaltwokeupmoreoftentogotothebathroom.(在一項(xiàng)研究中，研究人員對(duì)321名有高鹽飲食和睡眠問(wèn)題的患者進(jìn)行了為期12周的跟蹤調(diào)查。當(dāng)人們減少鹽的攝入量時(shí)，他們平均每晚上廁所的次數(shù)從兩次減少到一次。而那些吃更多鹽的人更頻繁地醒來(lái)去洗手間。)”說(shuō)明睡前避免吃含鹽的食物有助于減少夜間上廁所的次數(shù)，選項(xiàng)A“睡前避免吃含鹽的食物”能概括內(nèi)容，為本段最佳小標(biāo)題，故選A項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】下文“Heateddiscussionsarelesslikelytoinfluenceyoursleepifyoustartthemearlier.Argumentscanactivateyoursympatheticnervoussystem,whichinfluencessleep.(如果你早點(diǎn)開(kāi)始，激烈的討論不太可能影響你的睡眠。爭(zhēng)吵會(huì)激活你的交感神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)，從而影響睡眠。)”說(shuō)明激烈的爭(zhēng)論會(huì)影響睡眠，要在睡前解決問(wèn)題，選項(xiàng)F“如果你需要爭(zhēng)論一個(gè)問(wèn)題，不要等到晚上”引出下文，爭(zhēng)論不要等到晚上，如果早點(diǎn)開(kāi)始，睡前解決問(wèn)題就不會(huì)影響睡眠。故選F項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。Today,IhadanexperiencethatIwouldneverforget.Iwenttothegasstationtofillupmycar,butwhenItriedtopaywithmyphone,Ifounditwas____21____.IgotreallyworriedbecauseIdidn’thaveanycash(現(xiàn)金)orcards,justemptypockets.Thegasstationworker____22____meandgavemea____23____,saying,“Findyourphonefirst.Don’tworry,andyoucan____24____later.”Feelingabitbetter,Istartedlookingformyphone.____25____,Iwastoldthatamanfounditand____26____togiveitback.Heaskedmetomeethimatanearbystore.ButhowcouldI____27____himwithoutaphone?Thatwaswhentwopeoplewalkingbysawmy____28____.TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.____29____,Imetthepersonwhofoundmyphone,andgotmyphoneback_____30_____.Itwassucharelief!Iwasso_____31_____tothegasstationworkerandthetwo_____32_____wholentmetheirphone.Theydidn’tknowme,buttheystill_____33_____.Itshowedmethatevenwhenthingsgetreallyhard,peoplecanstillbe_____34_____.Sometimes,it’ssuchsmallthingsthat_____35_____thebestinpeopleandremindusthatanyonecanbegood.21.A.broken B.gone C.busy D.dead22.A.challenged B.served C.remembered D.noticed23.A.warning B.chance C.smile D.task24.A.check B.answer C.leave D.pay25.A.Still B.Instead C.Fortunately D.Naturally26.A.forgot B.offered C.regretted D.refused27.A.contact B.interview C.remind D.attract28.A.target B.failure C.mistake D.trouble29.A.Fromthenon B.Intheend C.Atfirst D.Asusual30.A.successfully B.bravely C.hurriedly D.suddenly31.A.fair B.nice C.polite D.thankful32.A.friends B.neighbors C.strangers D.workers33.A.helped B.mattered C.agreed D.understood34.A.humble B.kind C.flexible D.responsible35.A.turndown B.lookfor C.bringout D.dependon【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.D25.C26.B27.A28.D29.B30.A31.D32.C33.A34.B35.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了加油站的工作人員和路過(guò)的兩個(gè)陌生人幫助作者找回自己丟失的手機(jī)的故事，告訴我們即使事情變得非常艱難，人們?nèi)匀豢梢陨屏肌！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我去加油站給我的車加油，但當(dāng)我想用手機(jī)付款時(shí)，我發(fā)現(xiàn)手機(jī)不見(jiàn)了。A.broken損壞的；B.gone不在某處的，不見(jiàn)的；C.busy忙的；D.dead不工作的。根據(jù)后文“Findyourphonefirst.”和“Istartedlookingformyphone”可知，作者的手機(jī)不見(jiàn)了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：加油站的工作人員注意到了我，對(duì)我笑了笑，說(shuō)：“先找到你的手機(jī)。別擔(dān)心，你可以以后再付錢。”A.challenged挑戰(zhàn)；B.served服務(wù)；C.remembered記得；D.noticed注意。根據(jù)后文“meandgavemea____3____,saying”可知，工作人員注意到了作者的困境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：加油站的工作人員注意到了我，對(duì)我笑了笑，說(shuō)：“先找到你的手機(jī)。別擔(dān)心，你可以以后再付錢。”A.warning警告；B.chance機(jī)會(huì)；C.smile微笑；D.task任務(wù)。根據(jù)后文“saying,‘Findyourphonefirst.Don’tworry,andyoucan____4____later.’”可知，工作人員讓作者別擔(dān)心，可以先找手機(jī)，然后再付錢，由此推知，這個(gè)工作人員微笑著寬慰作者。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：加油站的工作人員注意到了我，對(duì)我笑了笑，說(shuō)：“先找到你的手機(jī)。別擔(dān)心，你可以以后再付錢?！盇.check檢查；B.answer回答；C.leave離開(kāi)；D.pay付款。根據(jù)前文“butwhenItriedtopaywithmyphone,Ifounditwas____1____.IgotreallyworriedbecauseIdidn’thaveanycashorcards,justemptypockets.”可知，作者加完油要付錢的時(shí)候，手機(jī)不見(jiàn)了，又沒(méi)有現(xiàn)金或卡，由此推知，加油站的工作人員允許作者先找到手機(jī)后再付錢。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，有人告訴我，發(fā)現(xiàn)了它并愿意把它還給我。A.Still仍然，還；B.Instead代替，反而；C.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；D.Naturally自然地。根據(jù)后文“Iwastoldthatamanfounditand____6____togiveitback.”可知，有人告訴作者發(fā)現(xiàn)了手機(jī)，并愿意把手機(jī)還給作者，這是幸運(yùn)的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，有人告訴我發(fā)現(xiàn)了它并愿意把它還給我。A.forgot忘記；B.offered表示愿意；C.regretted懊悔；D.refused拒絕。根據(jù)后文“Heaskedmetomeethimatanearbystore.”和“Imetthepersonwhofoundmyphone,andgotmyphoneback”可知，發(fā)現(xiàn)手機(jī)的人約見(jiàn)作者，還了手機(jī)，故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但是沒(méi)有電話我怎么聯(lián)系他呢？A.contact聯(lián)系；B.interview采訪，面試；C.remind提醒；D.attract吸引。根據(jù)后文“TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.”可知，陌生人借給作者手機(jī)讓他聯(lián)系那個(gè)人，由此推知，作者擔(dān)心沒(méi)手機(jī)沒(méi)法聯(lián)系要見(jiàn)面的撿到手機(jī)的人。故選A項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在這時(shí)，兩個(gè)路過(guò)的人看到了我的麻煩。A.target目標(biāo)；B.failure失敗；C.mistake錯(cuò)誤；D.trouble麻煩，煩惱。根據(jù)前文“ButhowcouldI____7____himwithoutaphone?”可知，作者擔(dān)心沒(méi)手機(jī)沒(méi)法聯(lián)系那個(gè)人，由此推知，兩個(gè)路人看到了作者的麻煩。故選D項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：最后，我遇到了撿到我手機(jī)的人，并成功地拿回了我的手機(jī)。A.Fromthenon從那時(shí)起；B.Intheend最后，終于；C.Atfirst首先，最初；D.Asusual像往常一樣。根據(jù)前文“TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.”以及后文“Imetthepersonwhofoundmyphone,andgotmyphoneback”可知，作者經(jīng)歷了很多困難，最后，遇到撿手機(jī)的人并找回了手機(jī)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：最后，我遇到了撿到我手機(jī)的人，并成功地拿回了我的手機(jī)。A.successfully成功地；B.bravely勇敢地；C.hurriedly匆忙地；D.suddenly突然。根據(jù)后文“Itwassucharelief!”可知，作者松了口氣，由此推知，作者成功地拿回了自己丟失的手機(jī)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我非常感謝加油站的工作人員和兩個(gè)把手機(jī)借給我的陌生人。A.fair公平的；B.nice美好的；C.polite禮貌的；D.thankful感謝的。根據(jù)前文“Findyourphonefirst.Don’tworry,andyoucan____4____later.”和“TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.”可知，加油站的工作人員和兩個(gè)把手機(jī)借給我的陌生人都幫助了作者成功找回手機(jī)，由此推知，作者非常感謝他們。故選D項(xiàng)。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我非常感謝加油站的工作人員和兩個(gè)把手機(jī)借給我的陌生人。A.friends朋友；B.neighbors鄰居；C.strangers陌生人；D.workers工作人員。根據(jù)后文“Theydidn’tknowme”可知，他們不認(rèn)識(shí)作者，因此是陌生人。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他們不認(rèn)識(shí)我，但他們還是幫了我。A.helped幫助；B.mattered重要，要緊；C.agreed同意；D.understood理解。根據(jù)前文“wholentmetheirphone”可知，兩個(gè)陌生人借給作者手機(jī)，由此推知，他們幫助了作者。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：它告訴我，即使事情變得非常艱難，人們?nèi)匀豢梢陨屏?。A.humble謙虛的；B.kind善良的；C.flexible靈活的；D.responsible負(fù)責(zé)的。根據(jù)前文“Findyourphonefirst.Don’tworry,andyoucan____4____later.”和“TheywerereallykindandlentmetheirphonesoIcouldgetintouchwiththeman.”可知，加油站的工作人員和兩個(gè)把手機(jī)借給作者的陌生人都幫助了作者成功找回手機(jī)，由此推知，人們是善良的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)詞義辨析。句意：有時(shí)候，正是這樣的小事激發(fā)了人們最好的一面，提醒我們?nèi)魏稳硕伎梢猿蔀楹萌?。A.turndown拒絕；B.lookfor尋找；C.bringout激發(fā)，使顯出；D.dependon依靠，依賴。根據(jù)后文“thebestinpeople