新版譯林高中英語課件教案練習(xí)選擇性必修三Unit 2 Out of this world（A卷·夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)）（原卷版）

Unit2Outofthisworld測試（A卷·夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)）（時間：90分鐘，滿分：100分）第一部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共10小題:每小題2分,滿分20分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A（2020·全國·高一單元測試）Isityourdreamtoflyandtoworkinspace?DoyouwanttobeaNASAastronaut?Likemanyjobs,thefirstthingwouldbetofillouttheapplication.Arecord-breaking18,300peoplefilledoutapplicationsrecentlywhenNASAannounceditwasfillingits2017AstronautCandidateProgramme,butoutofthose18,300applicants,just8to14willbehiredbytheUSspaceagency.ItwilltakeNASA18monthstodecidewhowillbeinthenewclassofastronauts.NASAwillreviewallofthefiles,whichwilllatergotoitscurrentteamofastronauts,tomakesuretheymeetthebasicqualifications.ThefirstrequirementisthattheapplicantsmustbetheUScitizens.Theyneedacollegedegreeinengineering,biologicalscience,physicalscience,computerscience,ormathematics.Theyalsoneedatleastthreeyearsofexperienceinasimilarfieldoratleast1,000hoursasajetairlinepilot.Therearerequirementstopassaphysicaltest.Andthentherearepersonalitytestsaswell.WhatkindsofpersonalityqualitiesisNASAlookingforinanastronaut?NASA'sSelectionManagerAnneRomersaid,“Ithinkleadership,teamwork,theabilitytonotonlyworkonateam,leadateam,butalsofollow,beafolloweronateammatter.Communicationcertainlyplaysarole,soit'ssomeprettycommonskillsthatIthinktranslateintoevenotherprofessions.”About120applicantswillbeinvitedtotheJohnsonSpaceCentreinHouston,Texas,forafirstroundofinterviews,abouthalfofwhomwillgobackforasecondround.Onceselected,theymustcompletetwoyearsoftrainingineverythingaboutspaceflight-thingslikelearningaboutallthesystemsusedbyNASA,walkinginspaceandRussianlanguagetraining.UntiltheUShasaworkingvehicletolaunchintospace,NASAstilldependsonRussiatogetastronautsintospace.1．Whatisthepercentageofemploymentamongtheapplicants?A．Abouthalfofthem. B．About8to14.C．About120. D．Lessthan0.08percent.2．WhichdoyouthinkisthemostimportantpersonalityqualityaccordingtoNASA'sSelectionManager?A．Devotion. B．Communication.C．Teamspirit. D．Perseverance.3．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthistext?A．NASAAstronautCandidateProgramme B．NASAwelcomesitsmostapplicantseverC．WhatittakestobeaNASAastronaut D．WhatanastronautshouldtraininB（2021·浙江大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三階段練習(xí)）OnFebruary22,2021,cancersurvivorHayleyAreeneauxwasselectedtobeoneoffourcrewmembersoftheSpaceXInspiration4—theworld’sfirstcivilianastronautmission.The29-year-oldwillmakehistoryastheyoungestAmerican—andthefirstwithafalselimb—totraveltospace.Hayley’sspacedreamsbegantwodecadesago,however,theyounggirl’sdreamswerederailedayearlaterwhenshewasdiagnosedwithosteosarcoma—atypeofbonecancer.Fortunately,thefataldiseasehadbeencaughtearlyandtheexpertsatSt.Jude’sChildren’sResearchHospitalinMemphiswereabletoreduceitsspreadthroughchemotherapy.Arceneauxsaidsheneverthoughtshewouldbeabletogotospace.Butwhenthecallcame“outoftheblue”fromJaredIsaacman,CEOandfounderofShift4Payments,askingherifshewouldliketogotospace,shesaidwithouthesitation,“Yes,yes,absolutely!”Isaacmanhadalwaysintendedtogotospace.HencewhenSpaceXannouncedtheworld’sfirstall-commercialastronautmission,the37-year-oldbillionaire,instantlybookedtheavailablefourseats.Theflyingenthusiastannouncedthathewoulddonatethreeseatstomembersofthegeneralpublic.Hayley,thefirstcrewmembertobeannounced,willrepresentthepillar(支柱)of“hope”—anodtohersurvivalofcancerandfrontlineworkasaphysicianatSt.Jude.Theremainingpassengers,representingthepillarsof“generosity”and“prosperity”,willbechosenrandomlytoraise$200millionforSt.Jude,whichtreatschildrenatnocharge.Beforethemissionlaunchlaterthisyear,thecrewwillundergointensetraining.Themission,whichwillorbitEarthevery90minutes,willbecarefullymonitoredbySpaceXmissioncontrolscientistsfromEarth.Uponthemission’scompletion,theDragonwillreenterEarth’satmosphereforasoftwaterlandingoffthecoastofFlorida.4．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“outoftheblue”inParagraph2mean?A．Sadly. B．Suddenly.C．Randomly. D．Strangely.5．WhywouldJaredIsaacmandonatethelasttwoseatstomembersofthegeneralpublic?A．Topromotehiscompany’sproductsB．Toseekhelpfordisabledchildren.C．Toinspireinterestsinspacetravel.D．Toraisefundsforacancerhospital.6．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleofthepassage?A．HayleyArceneauxBecameTheYoungestAmericantravellinginSpaceB．“TheSkyIsNotEvenTheLimit”ForJaredIsaacmanC．CancerSurvivorToBecomeTheYoungestAmericanInSpaceD．Hayley’sSpaceDreamsWereDerailedByOsteosarcomaC（2021·遼寧·高三階段練習(xí)）Frequentgoodbyestoherfamilycomehand-in-handwithWangYaping'stoughtraining.Thistime,however,hergoodbyesparkedjoyinher5-year-olddaughter'seyesasshewas“shootingforthestars”evenifthiswasherlongestseparationfromhermother.WangtookpartintheShenzhou-13crewedtaskonOct.16.ShebecamethefirstwomantoenterChina'sspacestation.Bornin1980toafarmerfamilyinShandongProvince,Wanglovedjoggingandwasahigh-scoringforwardonthebasketballcourtinschool.In1997,Wangwasencouragedtoregisterforthepilotrecruitmentprogrambyherclassmatesbecauseshewasgoodatsports.Infact,shehadbeenconsideringapplyingtoteachingcollege.Givenherstrongbuildandabilitytostaycalmunderpressure,Wangpassedalltests.Afterfouryearsofsystemiceducationandtoughtraining,Wangeventuallylearnedtoflyfourdifferenttypesofaircraftbeforegraduation.WangYaping'sdreamofbecominganastronautwasinspiredbyYangLiwei's2003spaceflight.Shedesiredtobecomeafemalegoingintospace.InMay2010,WangwaselectedasoneofChina'sfemaleastronauts,Thejoyofbeingselecteddidnotlastlongastheeventoughertrainingquicklysankin.Shehadtostandeighttimestheforceofgravityinaspinningcentrifuge.Bloodcan'tflowtothebrainproperly,causingatemporarylackofoxygenandevenblindness.Wangevervolunteeredtobeheldtothesamestandardsashermaletrainees.Hereffortswerenotinvain.WangbecameacrewmemberoftheShenzhou-10spacetaskin2013.SheearnedthetitleofChina'sfirstspaceteacheraftergivingaspacelecturetostudentsfromnorbitabovetheEarth'ssurface.AteamofChineseuniversitystudentsspecializinginaerospace,art,architectureandmusictranslateduniverseraysintomusic.TheysaidtheprojectwasinspiredbyWang'slivespacelecture,whentheywereteenagers.7．WhywasWang'sdaughterhappythistime?A．Wangpromisedtoplaygameswithher.B．Wangwouldcomebacksoonerthanusual.C．Wang'strainingwouldbelesshardthanbefore.D．Wangwouldflyintospaceforanhonourabletask.8．WhathadWangYapingbeenplanningtobecomewhenshewasinhighschool?A．Ateacher. B．Anastronaut. C．Anathlete. D．Asoldier.9．WhatkindofpersonisWangaccordingtothetext?A．Sociableandintelligent. B．Determinedandambitious.C．Generousandstrong-willed. D．Confidentandwarm-hearted10．Whatcanbeinferredfromthetext?A．Spaceknowledgehasbeenpopularizedinuniversities.B．Mostteenagerswillchooseastronautsasfutureoccupation.C．Theflameforspaceinteresthasbeenlitinyounggeneration.D．Theyoungprojectteamwillbesuccessorsofnextspaceflight.第二節(jié)(共5小題:每小題2分,滿分10分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。（2021·山東·夏津第一中學(xué)高三階段練習(xí)）In1969,whenNeilArmstrongfirstlandedontheMoon,manypeoplethoughtsoonwewouldberegularlyvisitingotherplanets.____11____Therealityisthatspaceexplorationisextremelydifficultanddangerous.Somepeoplebelieveitisawasteofthepublicpurseanddoesnothingtoimproveourlives.Whydowecontinuetoexplorespace,then?____12____FromtheveryearlydaysofhumanlifeontheEarth,ourcuriosityabouttheunknownhaskeptusadventuringintonewplaces.Whilespaceexplorationisareality,weremaincuriousaboutthemysteriesoftheuniverse.Witheachspacemissioncomesgreaterinsight,thusmotivatingustocontinuealongthesamepathofadventure.Withtechnologiesdevelopedforspaceexploration,wecansolvesomebigproblemsfacingmankind,makingourlivessaferandeasier.____13____Originallyappliedtothespaceshuttlelaunch,theyhavealsobeensetupinthecitieswithahighfrequencyofearthquakestoprotectbuildingsandsavelives.Althoughspaceexplorationdemandshugeinvestment,itcanactuallybringgreateconomicvalue.Theglobalspaceeconomyisincreasingbybillionsofdollarseveryyear.____14____Jobsinthespaceindustrygofarbeyondtheastronauts.Therearemanysupportstaffontheground,suchasengineersandresearchassistants.Moreover,theamazingworkcanprovideeducationandinspirationforthenextgeneration.SuchwondersasaspaceshuttlelaunchorastronautswalkingontheMoonareincrediblyinspiringtowitness.Thesemomentsshapechildren'slivesforeverandmotivatethemtobecomethescientistsandengineersofthefuture.____15____A．Thisisclearlynotthecase.B．Itisinournaturetoexplore.C．Theuniverseistoomysterioustoexplore.D．Oneoftheseisearthquakeshockabsorbers.E．Itcanalsoprovideavarietyofcareeropportunities.F．Thesescientificandtechnologicaladvancescanbenefitsocietiesinmanyareas.G．Whenyou'veseenamanwalkontheMoon,yougrowupbelievinganythingispossible!第二部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。（2022·全國·高二課時練習(xí)）TheInternationalSpaceStation(ISS)isahugespacestation.Itisbeing____16____bythousandsofpeoplefrom16countries.Allthesepeoplearetryingtofindoutifhumanscanonedaybuild____17____inspace.Floating230milesaboveEarth,theInternationalSpaceStationcurrently____18____hugebuilding-blockprojectoutinspace.USspaceshuttlesandRussianrocketshavebeen____19____toolsandpiecesofthe____20____intospacetohelpfinishbuildingit.Fromthebeginningofitsconstructionin1998toits____21____morethan100majorpieceswillbeputtogethertocreatethisamazingspacestation.When____22____,itwillbethelargeststructureevertoflyaboveEarth.TheISSwillbelargerthanafootballfieldandwillweighaboutonemillionpounds.Inadditiontohelpingbuildthespacestation,____23____aretryingtoanswersuchquestionsasthese:Howdoesspacetravelaffectgerms?Doesthehumanbodybreakdownfood____24____inspace?Someday,thestationmayevenserveasalaunchpad(發(fā)射臺)fortripstoother_____25_____,suchasMars.Becauseofitsimpressivesize,theISSneedsalotof_____26_____.Likeotherman-madebodiesinspace,itspowercomesfromthesun.Tocreatesolar,energy,largepanels(嵌板)arelinedwithspecialmaterials.Thesematerials_____27_____thesun’senergyandchangeitintoelectricity.Sowhatdoesitcosttobuildsucha_____28_____?Itcostsover$60billiondollars._____29_____thismayseemastronomical,itmaybeasmallpricetopayforaprojectthatenablessomeoftheworld’sfinestscientiststoworktogether,exploringspacefortheworld‘s_____30_____.16．A．discussed B．used C．driven D．constructed17．A．schools B．shops C．homes D．factories18．A．lookslike B．comesfrom C．turnsinto D．belongsto19．A．changing B．transporting C．breaking D．dividing20．A．station B．material C．metal D．product21．A．design. B．progress C．popularity D．completion22．A．a(chǎn)pplied B．closed C．entered D．finished23．A．scientists B．professors C．a(chǎn)rchitects D．workers24．A．differently B．a(chǎn)ctively C．instantly D．wholly25．A．surfaces B．planets C．locations D．lands26．A．a(chǎn)stronauts B．experts C．power D．space27．A．collect B．produce C．provide D．consume28．A．house B．structure C．mode D．system29．A．Since B．If C．When D．Although30．A．existence B．future C．peace D．dream第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（2021·四川·岳池縣教研室高一期中）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Chinalaunched(發(fā)送)theShenzhouXIIImannedspacecraftonOctober16th.Itcarriedthree____31____(astronaut)—ZhaiZhigang,WangYapingandYeGuangfu—toTiangongSpaceStation’scoremodule(核心艙)Tianhe.Zhaiisthecountry’sfirstastronauttotakeaspacewalk,____32____didsoinSeptember2008intheShenzhouVIImission.WangisChina’ssecondfemaleastronauttotakepart____33____aspaceflightandwasamemberoftheShenzhouXmissioninJune2013.ShewillbecomethefirstChinesewoman____34____(enter)TiangongSpaceStationandtakeaspacewalk.Whileit’sthefirsttimeforYetogoonhisjourneytospace.Theastronauts____35____(stay)inTiangongSpaceStationforsixmonths.It____36____(expect)tobethelongestspacejourneybyChineseastronauts,____37____(two)aslongastheShenzhouXIImission.Theastronautshave____38____lotoftasks,suchasperformingtwotothreespacewalks,____39____(check)theperformanceandcapabilityofdevicesinsidethestationandtestingsupportinstrumentsforastronauts’livesandworkduringlong-termflights.Andtheywillalsocarryout____40____(science)experimentsandtechnologydemonstrations(示范)inspacemedicine,microgravity(微重力)physicsandotherfields.第三部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分)（2022·山東淄博·高二期末）假定你是李華，你的美國朋友Jim觀看了中國的太空授課，發(fā)來郵件和你討論太空探索（spaceexploration）的話題。請你給他回復(fù)郵件，內(nèi)容包括：1.觀看的方式及感受2.太空授課的意義。注意：1.寫作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.請按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJim,________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)(滿分25分)（2022·江蘇連云港·高二期末）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，