統(tǒng)考版2025屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)提能練37選修8Unit2Cloning含解析新人教版

PAGE課時(shí)提能練(三十七)選修8Unit2CloningA：學(xué)問層面Ⅰ.語境語法填空A(考查派生詞)Whatifyourbosstellsyoutoadd1．decorations(decorate)toanewofficewithacolleaguewhooftenfindsfaultwithyou?Certainlythisismerelyan2．a(chǎn)ssumption(assume).Togettheworkdone,Ithinkitisimportanttoraise3．objections(object)franklyratherthancoverupthedifferences.Nothingcouldbebetterthanputtingforwardamore4．reasonable(reason)solutionora5．correction(correct)proposal.Fullyexchangingideaswithyourcolleaguesisanessential6．regulation(regulate)youshouldfollow.Thisis7．exactly(exact)whatIwanttoexpressinthisarticle.B(考查動(dòng)詞)RobertFrost,8．differing(differ)frommostoftheelderly,doesn'tenjoyhisoldageinpeaceafter9．retiring(retire)fromwork.Instead,he10．hasundertaken(undertake)thedutyofhelpingmaintaintheorderandsafetyofthecommunity.Accidentsusedtooccurherefrequently.Severalkids11．werestruck(strike)byprivatecars,which12．bothered(bother)mostoftheresidents.Robertcouldn'tresist13．joining(join)inhiscommunityvolunteerservice.Theytooksteps14．toforbid(forbid)drunkdriversfromdrivinginandout.Sincethen,noaccidenthaseverhappenedagain,15．owing(owe)toeffortsofvolunteerslikeRobert.Theythemselves16．haveobtained(obtain)therespectofallcommunityresidents.C(考查句型)Acrocodilemeasuring“half17．thelengthofabus”wassaidtohavebeencaughtinAustralia.Then18．came(come)themessagefromgovernmentofficialsthatWildlifeCommissionhadsentateamouttohelpthecrocodile.Despitethefact19．thatcrocodilescanliveinfreshwater,wildlifeprotectorsstillwanttogetitbacktosaltwater.Theyareconvincedthatthechanceofthecrocodile20．surviving(survive)infreshwaterremainstobesmall.Theproblemis21．thatthecrocodileissobigandheavythatitishardtotakeittosaltwater.Ⅱ.語境短文改錯(cuò)(短文中有6處錯(cuò)誤)Chinawillallowallcouplestohavingtwochildren,abandoningitsdecades-longone-childpolicy.ThechangeofpolicyistohavegreatimpacttoChineseeconomyandsociallife.However,atpresent,thenewpolicyhasleftquantityofyoungpeopleataloss.Ontheonehandtheywouldlovetohavemorekids,butonotherhand,theydon'twanttogiveuptoomuchoftheirfreedom.Besides,youngpeopleareunderpressure,metwithchallengesfromtimetotime.Therefore,wearestillalongwayfrombeabletopersuadeyoungcouplestohavemorechildren.【答案】Chinawillallowallcouplestoeq\f(having,have)twochildren,abandoningitsdecades-longone-childpolicy.Thechangeofpolicyistohavegreatimpacteq\f(to,on)Chineseeconomyandsociallife.However,atpresent,thenewpolicyhaslefteq\f(quantity,quantities)ofyoungpeopleataloss.Ontheonehandtheywouldlovetohavemorekids,butoneq\o(\s\up7(∧),the)otherhand,theydon'twanttogiveuptoomuchoftheirfreedom.Besides,youngpeopleareunderpressure,eq\f(met,meeting)withchallengesfromtimetotime.Therefore,wearestillalongwayfromeq\f(be,being)abletopersuadeyoungcouplestohavemorechildren.Ⅲ.依據(jù)提示補(bǔ)全句子1．約翰打開門。門前站著一個(gè)他從未見過的女孩。Johnopenedthedoor.Therestoodagirlhehadneverseenbefore.2．能在此項(xiàng)目中與你們合作，我們特別興奮。Weareveryhappytocooperatewithyouinthisproject.3．依據(jù)合同規(guī)定，你必需在月底前付款。Youareboundtopaybeforetheendofthemonthbythecontact.4．漫長的旅行之后，他們?nèi)嘶氐搅思?，又餓又累。Afterthelongjourney，thethreeofthemwentbackhome，hungryandtired．5．他身體不好，所以醫(yī)生禁止他喝酒。Hewasinpoorhealth，sothedoctorforbadehimtodrinkwine.B：實(shí)力層面Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2024·云南省中學(xué)畢業(yè)生復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測)Peoplewhogrowupleft-handedhaveadifferent，moreflexiblebrainstructurethanthoseborntotakelifebytherighthand，sayresearchersattheUniversityofCalifornia，LosAngeles.Thereasonisthatright-handershavegenesthatforcetheirbrainsintoaslightlymoreone-sidedstructure，accordingtotheresearch.Left-handersappeartobemissingthosegenes.“Therereallyisadifferenceinbrainsthatresultsinamoresymmetric(對稱的)braininleft-handers，wherethetwosidesaremoreequal，”saidDanielGeschwind，wholedtheresearchteam.Intheefforttounderstandhowthebrainshapesthemind，researchershavebeentryingtodocumentthewaygenesandenvironmentaffectintelligenceandmentalabilities.Theyfoundthatright-orleft-handednessisdeterminedbygenes.Ifapersonhasthegeneforright-handedness，thatpersonwillberight-handed.Peoplewhodonothavethatgene，however，canbeeitherleft-orright-handed.Thereisnospecificgeneforleft-handedness.Right-handerstypicallyhavelargerleftbrains，wheretheirlanguageabilitiesareconcentrated.Conversely，left-handershavemorebalancedbrains.Thelanguageabilitiesofleft-handersmoreoftenareconcentratedontherightside.TheUCLAresearchersconductedbrainscanson72pairsofmaleidenticaltwins(同卵雙胞胎)between75and85yearsold.Theynoticedthatifidenticaltwinscarrythegeneforhandpreference，bothmustberight-handed.Iftheylackthegene，onetwincandevelopright-handedwhiletheothercandevelopleft-handed.Theresearchersfoundthatthebrainsofidenticalright-handedtwinswereverysimilarinsizeandstructure.Butwhenaleft-handerwaspartofthetwinset，thebrainsweredifferent.Theconclusionisthattheabsenceofthegeneforhandpreferenceallowsthebraintodevelopdifferentlyastheindividualgrowsup，researcherssaid.【語篇解讀】美國加州高校洛杉磯分校的探討人員發(fā)覺，人們習(xí)慣用哪只手是由基因確定的。1．WhatisthefindingoftheresearchersofUCLA?A．Left-handershavemorebalancedbrains.B．Right-handershavemoreflexiblebrains.C．Left-handers'brainsaremoreone-sided.D．Right-handers'brainsaremoresymmetric.A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段中的“thatresultsinamoresymmetric(對稱的)braininleft-handers，wherethetwosidesaremoreequal”以及第五段中的“l(fā)eft-handershavemorebalancedbrains”可知，慣用左手的人有更加平衡的大腦，故選A。]2．Whichelementdeterminesaperson'shandpreference?A．Environment. B．Intelligence.C．Habits. D．Genes.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段中的“Theyfoundthatright-orleft-handednessisdeterminedbygenes”可知，人們習(xí)慣用哪只手是由基因確定的，故選D。]3．Whatcanbesaidaboutidenticaltwins?A．Theyalwayshavesimilarbrainstructure.B．Theynevercarrythegeneforhandpreference.C．Theyhavedifferentgenesforhandpreference.D．Theycanhavedifferenthandpreference.D[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第六段中的“Iftheylackthegene，onetwincandevelopright-handedwhiletheothercandevelopleft-handed”可推知，即使是同卵雙胞胎也有可能會有不同的慣用手，故選D。]4．WhatdidtheUCLAteamresearchon?A．People'sgeneticmakeup.B．People'shandpreference.C．People'sbrainsizes.D．People'scommunicativeskills.B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第六和第七段的內(nèi)容并結(jié)合文章的其他內(nèi)容可知，加州高校洛杉磯分校的探討人員探討了人們有不同的慣用手的緣由，所以B項(xiàng)正確。]B(2024·沈陽市級教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測)Bowheadwhales(弓頭鯨)canlive200yearsorlonger.Howtheydoitisnolongeramongthesecretsofthedeep.Scientistshavemappedthegeneticcodeofthislong-livedwhalespecies.TheinternationaleffortfoundunusualfeaturesintheArcticwhale'sgenes.Thosefeatureslikelyprotectthespeciesagainstcancerandotherproblemsrelatedtooldage.“Wehopetolearnwhatisthesecretofbowheadwhaleslivinglonger，healthierlives，”saidJoaoPedrodeMagalhaes.Heisagerontologist(apersonwhostudiestheprocessofpeoplegrowingold)attheUniversityofLiverpoolinEngland.Heisalsotheco-authorofthestudythatappearedonJanuary6，2015inCellReports.Histeamhopedthatitsnewfindingsmightonedaybeused“toimprovehumanhealthandlengthenhumanlife”．Noothermammalisknowntoliveaslongasthebowhead.Scientistshaveshownthatsomeofthesewhaleshavelivedwellbeyond100—includingonethatsurvivedto211．Magalhaes'teamwantedtounderstandhowthebowheadcanlivesolong.Tostudythis，theexpertsanalyzedtheanimal'scompletesetofgenes，calleditsgenome(基因組)．Theteamalsocomparedthewhale'sgenometothatofhumans，miceandcows.Thescientistsdiscovereddifferences，includingmutations(突變)，inthewhale'sgenes.Thosechangesarelinkedtocancer，ageingandcellgrowth.TheresultssuggestthatthewhalesarebetterthanhumansatrepairingtheirDNA.That'simportantbecausedamagedorflawedDNAcanleadtodiseases，includingsomecancers.Bowheadwhalesarealsobetteratkeepingabnormallydividingcellsincheck.Together，thechangesappeartoallowbowheadwhalestolivelongerwithoutdevelopingage-relateddiseasessuchascancer，saidMagalhaes.【語篇解讀】本文介紹了英國利物浦高校的老年學(xué)專家JoaoPedrodeMagalhaes及其團(tuán)隊(duì)通過分析弓頭鯨的基因組，并將其與人類、老鼠等的基因組比較之后發(fā)覺，弓頭鯨長壽的秘訣在于其更擅長修復(fù)DNA以及限制異樣分裂的細(xì)胞。5．Whatdowelearnaboutbowheadwhales?A．Theiraveragelifeis100．B．TheyliveintheArcticOcean.C．Theydon'thaveageingproblems.D．Theyarethelongest-livedanimals.B[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容，尤其是第四句“TheinternationaleffortfoundunusualfeaturesintheArcticwhale'sgenes”可推知，弓頭鯨生活在北冰洋，故選B。]【干擾項(xiàng)分析】由第一段第三句“Scientistshavemappedthegeneticcodeofthislong-livedwhalespecies”和第三段第一句“Noothermammalisknowntoliveaslongasthebowhead”可知，文章只是提到弓頭鯨是一種長壽的鯨類，沒有其他哺乳動(dòng)物像弓頭鯨一樣長壽，并沒有說弓頭鯨是最長壽的動(dòng)物，故D項(xiàng)錯(cuò)誤；另外，考生應(yīng)特殊留意選項(xiàng)中出現(xiàn)的最高級表達(dá)，這類選項(xiàng)大多數(shù)狀況下為錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)。6．Whydidscientistsmapthegeneticcodeofbowheadwhales?A．Tolengthenhumanlife.B．Tofindoutacureforcancer.C．Topreventage-relateddiseases.D．Todiscoverthesecretoflonglife.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段第一句中的“Wehopetolearnwhatisthesecretofbowheadwhaleslivinglonger，healthierlives”可知，JoaoPedrodeMagalhaes及其團(tuán)隊(duì)了解弓頭鯨遺傳密碼信息的緣由是要發(fā)覺其長壽的秘訣，故D項(xiàng)正確。]7．Whatallowsbowheadwhalestolivealongerandhealthierlife?A．Celldivision.B．Genemutation.C．ThegoodDNArepairsystem.D．Perfectlivingenvironment.C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第五段最終兩句“TheresultssuggestthatthewhalesarebetterthanhumansatrepairingtheirDNA.That'simportantbecausedamagedorflawedDNAcanleadtodiseases，includingsomecancers”可推知，弓頭鯨更長壽且更健康的緣由之一是其良好的DNA修復(fù)系統(tǒng)，故選C。]8．Inwhichsectionofanewspapermaythistextappear?A．Entertainment. B．Culture.C．Education. D．Scientificresearch.D[文章出處題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了JoaoPedrodeMagalhaes及其團(tuán)隊(duì)通過分析和對比的方法發(fā)覺了弓頭鯨長壽的秘訣，故本文可能出現(xiàn)在報(bào)紙的科學(xué)探討版塊，故選D。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2024·蘭州市診斷考試)LearningtoGiveaPepTalk(打氣)Everyonewantstobethetypeofpersonwhogivesthecriticaltalkthatturnsaroundafriend'soutlook.However，givingagoodpeptalkisn'teasy.1.Youneedtonotonlylistenandunderstand，butalsostresstheotherperson'sstrengths.Youalsoneedtoknowwhentostoptalking.“Alotofpeoplethinktheyaregivingapeptalk，buttheyarejustsayingwhattheywouldwanttohear，”saysStacyKaiser，apsychotherapist(心理治療師)inLosAngeles.Insteadofinstantlytellingsomeonewhattodo，askhimwhatactionhehasthoughtabouttakingandwhyhethinksitwillbebeneficial.“Don'tjumprightinandinsist‘You'llbefine，’”saysKaiser.2.Repeattheconcernsforthepersonoutloud，sohefeelsheard.Then，showyourfriendthatyoubelieveinhimandthathehaswhatittakestogetthroughthishardtime.Stresshisstrengths.3．Youcan'tguaranteesuccess，butyoucanremindthepersonthathehasbeenthroughatoughtimebeforeandhasgottenthroughit.Atlast，Kaisersaysyoumustknowwhentostop.“4.Don'targueifthepersondisagreeswithwhatyouaresaying.Instead，tellhim‘Iamsorryyouarehavingsuchahardtime.’Andthenbackdown.”Kaisersayshehaslearnedtogivegoodpeptalksbygivingbadones.Helostanumberoflovedonesduringashortperiod.“Timingiseverything.”Thereisatimetogiveapeptalk，andthereisatimetojustlisten.5．A．LetyourfriendhavehismomentB．GiveyourpeptalkandthenshutupC．ArguingwithyourfriendmakesnosenseD．ShowyourfriendthatyouunderstandwhyheissadE．Heisn'tinterestedinwhathisbestfriendsreallyneedF．ItrequiresanunderstandingofwhatyouraudienceneedsG．Itisalsoimportanttorememberthatpeptalksareabouthope【語篇解讀】本文主要論述了給別人打氣的方法，包括關(guān)切令摯友難過的事情、留意傾聽、將時(shí)間交給摯友、選擇合適時(shí)機(jī)停止說話等。1．F[依據(jù)下文可知，你不僅須要傾聽和理解，還要強(qiáng)調(diào)別人的特長，知道在什么時(shí)候停止說話；據(jù)此可以推知，你須要理解你的聽眾須要什么。故F項(xiàng)正確。]2．D[依據(jù)后一句“Repeattheconcernsforthepersonoutloud，sohefeelsheard”可知，你要大聲說出對這個(gè)人的關(guān)切；據(jù)此可以推知，空處表示“要向摯友表現(xiàn)出你理解他為什么會難過”，故D項(xiàng)正確。]3．G[依據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處為該段主題句，依據(jù)空后的“Youcan'tguaranteesuccess，butyoucanremindthepersonthathehasbeenthroughatoughtimebeforeandhasgottenthroughit”可知，你可以提示摯友他之前已經(jīng)經(jīng)驗(yàn)過一段艱難的時(shí)期，并且已經(jīng)挺過來了。據(jù)此可以推知，該段主要陳述要激勵(lì)摯友看到希望，故G項(xiàng)與此處匹配。]4．B[由前一句可知，本段主要陳述選擇時(shí)機(jī)停止說話；結(jié)合下文可知，在激勵(lì)摯友之后，選擇恰當(dāng)時(shí)機(jī)停止說話，而不是和摯友爭辯，故B項(xiàng)正確。]5．A[依據(jù)上句中的“andthereisatimetojustlisten”可知，在給摯友打氣時(shí)要學(xué)會傾聽，將時(shí)間交給摯友，故A項(xiàng)正確。]Ⅲ.語法填空(2024·洛陽市其次次統(tǒng)一考試)I'venoticedmanypeoplehavingacold，andit'snotevenfallyet.Whydoesthecoldoccurmorefrequentlyduringthefallandwinter1．________(month)?It'sactuallynotthecoldweather2．________(it)thatcausesthecold.Butrather，itismostlikelytobecausedbypeoplespending3．________(much)timeindoorsclosetoeachother，makingthespreadofgerms(病菌)morereadily.Thisisanotherreason4．________childreninthedaycarecentreorschoolaremorelikelytopickupthecold.WhenIworkedinadoctor'sclinicafewyearsback，itwasoneofthe5．________(lead)reasonswhypeoplevisitedthedoctorinfallandwinter.Millionsofpeoplesufferfromthecoldeachyear.Asaresult，school6．________(absent)isfrequentlyreported，witharound22milliondaysannually.Howcanyouavoidgettingacold?Amongthecommonly7．________(recognize)tips，washingyourhandsis8．________mostimportantone.Thecoldisspreadeitherbydirectlytouchinginfectedsecretions(分泌物)，orbytaking9．________theairborneparticles(微粒)．Also，coldandfluvirusesgetintothebodyviatheeyes，nose，ormouth.So，10．________(try)toavoidtouchingyourface，especiallywithoutwashingyourhandsfirst.【語篇解讀】文章主要分析了秋冬季節(jié)人簡單感冒的緣由及預(yù)防感冒的措施。1．months[考查名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。依據(jù)空前的“thefallandwinter”并結(jié)合常識可知，秋冬季節(jié)不止一個(gè)月，故填名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。]2．itself[考查代詞。依據(jù)語境可知，此處表示“事實(shí)上，并不是寒冷的天氣本身導(dǎo)致了感冒”，故應(yīng)填反身代詞itself。]3．more[考查限定詞的比較級。依據(jù)該句中的“morereadily”可知，此處也應(yīng)表示比較的含義，故填限定詞的比較級。]4．why[考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，