中考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)語法突破課件：專題二+動詞第3講非謂語動詞

第二部分專題二動詞第3講非謂語動詞思維導(dǎo)圖串考點1．動詞不定式的形式：to＋動詞原形(有時可以省略to)；否定形式為“notto＋動詞原形”。核心考點精講練命題點1動詞不定式

2．動詞不定式的句法功能功能用法例句作賓語一般只作某些動詞的賓語TheydecidedtovisittheGreatLakes.作賓語補足語位于賓語后，補充說明賓語的意義、狀態(tài)等。Theteacheraskedustoturnoffthelights.功能用法例句

作狀語

[其他市、州：語法填空：2023．77]一般在句中作目的、結(jié)果、原因狀語Heopenedthedoorforhertocomein.(作目的狀語)Paulistooexcitedtosayanything.(作結(jié)果狀語)作主語常用it作形式主語，而將不定式后置TolearnEnglishwellisimportant.＝

ItisimportanttolearnEnglishwell.作表語常位于be動詞后Herjobistodothedishes.

作定語常放在所修飾詞的后面作后置定語(如果是不及物動詞，則需加介詞)Ihavealotofbookstoread.

Pleasegivemesomepapertowriteon.【拓展】特殊結(jié)構(gòu)的不定式作賓語時，還可轉(zhuǎn)化為賓語從句。如：Canyoutellmewheretogetthescarf？＝CanyoutellmewhereIcangetthescarf?結(jié)構(gòu)功能例句疑問詞＋動詞不定式作主語WhentogotoBeijinghasn'tbeendecidedyet.作賓語Ihaven'tdecidedyetwhentoleave.作表語Thequestioniswheretofindwater.3．常見可接動詞不定式作賓語的動詞

(詞組)(v.＋todosth.)afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起agree同意choose選擇continue繼續(xù)decide決定expect期望fail失敗forget忘記hope希望learn學(xué)習(xí)like喜歡manage設(shè)法need需要plan計劃prefer更喜歡prepare準(zhǔn)備promise承諾refuse拒絕wait等待want想要wouldlike想要4.常見接動詞不定式作賓補的動詞

(v.＋sb.todosth.)advise建議allow允許ask要求expect期望force強迫help幫助invite邀請teach教tell告訴want想要warn警告wish希望encourage鼓勵request要求order命令[其他市、州：語法填空：2024.74]5.動詞不定式符號to的省略(1)在一些使役動詞和感官動詞之后，要把不定式結(jié)構(gòu)中的to省略，但在

變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)時，要把省略的to加上(let除外)。常用的有：

一感：feel

二聽：listento，hear

三讓：let，have，make

四看：watch，see，lookat，notice如：Theboy'sfunnyactionmadeeveryonelaugh.＝Everyonewasmadetolaughbytheboy'sfunnyaction.(2)help后帶to不帶to均可。如：Shestillworksthereonceaweektohelpkids(to)learntoread.(3)當(dāng)兩個或多個作用相同的不定式并列時，通常只需在第一個不定式處用to，其余不定式的to可以省略。但是，如果兩者有對比關(guān)系，則后面的不定式to不可省略。如：Totryandfailisbetterthannottotryatall.(4)whynot…后省略to。如：WhynotgowithTom?(5)hadbetter…后省略to。如：We'dbetterrideasharedbikethere.6．不定式的常見句型(1)Itis＋adj.＋for/ofsb.＋todosth.對某人來說做某事是……/某人做某事

真是……(2)Ittakes/tooksb.＋一段時間＋todosth.做某事花某人……時間。(3)It'stimetodosth.到做某事的時間了。(4)It'sone'sturntodosth.輪到某人做某事。(5)prefertodosth.ratherthandosth.寧愿做某事而不愿做某事(6)too＋adj.＋todosth.太……而不能做某事(7)adj.＋enoughtodosth.足夠……去做某事(8)It'sone'sdutytodosth.做某事是某人的義務(wù)。1．動名詞的形式：動詞原形＋-ing；否定形式為“not＋動詞原形＋-ing”2．動名詞的句法功能命題點2動名詞功能用法例句作主語單個動名詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodisbadforyourhealth.作表語動名詞(短語)作表語可轉(zhuǎn)化為作主語Myhobbyisplayingtheguitar.＝

Playing

theguitarismyhobby.功能用法例句作賓語作動詞的賓語，表示一般的習(xí)慣性行為或經(jīng)常性動作Mysisterenjoysrunningverymuch.作介詞的賓語I'mlookingforwardtoworkingouttheproblem.作定語位于所修飾詞之前，只表明所修飾詞的用途等Themeetingroomistoosmalltoholdthirtypeople.3.常接動名詞作賓語的動詞

(詞組)(v.＋doingsth.)分類示例動詞avoid避免

consider考慮

enjoy喜歡finish完成

imagine想象

keep堅持mind介意

practice練習(xí)

suggest建議分類示例動詞詞組feellikedoingsth.想要做某事giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事keepondoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事setoutdoingsth.著手/開始做某事bebusy(in)doingsth.忙于做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事be/getusedtodoingsth.習(xí)慣于做某事beinterestedindoingsth.對做某事感興趣分類示例動詞詞組can't/couldn'tstanddoingsth.不能忍受做某事can't/couldn'thelpdoingsth.情不自禁做某事havefun/trouble/difficulty(in)doingsth.做某事有樂趣/有麻煩/有困難lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事【拓展】既可接不定式又可接動名詞的動詞1．分詞的形式(1)現(xiàn)在分詞：v.-ing，表示動作正在發(fā)生，有主動、進行之意；(2)過去分詞：v.-ed，表示動作已經(jīng)完成，有被動、完成之意。2．分詞的用法

分詞在句中可起形容詞或副詞的作用，作表語、定語、狀語或賓語補足語，也可構(gòu)成各種進行或完成時態(tài)和語態(tài)。(1)作表語ThefilmwassomovingthatIwasdeeplymoved.命題點3分詞(課標(biāo)僅作理解要求)(2)作定語ThebookwrittenbyMr.Wangisveryinteresting.(3)作狀語，可表示時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、讓步等。Laughingandtalking，thekidswentintotheroom.(表伴隨)(4)作賓語補足語Weallwanttheproblemtobesolved.Ⅰ.用括號內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．[2024江蘇無錫]Thechildrendidalotofresearchinthelab_________(finish)thescienceproject.2．[2024江蘇蘇州改編]Stop_________(push)andjustwaitforyourturn.3．[2024江蘇蘇州改編]Youneedagoodsenseofbalance_________(ride)abicycle.4．[2024四川眉山]InJourney

to

the

West，thecleverandbraveMonkeyKingisneverafraid_________(fight)badpeople.針對練習(xí)

pushingtofinish

toride

tofight5．[2024甘肅白銀]TheInternetcanbeausefultool，butdon'tletit_________(take)upallofyourtime.6．[2024甘肅臨夏]Ienjoy_____________(listen)tomusicinmysparetime.7．[2024內(nèi)蒙古包頭]Manystudentshavetrouble_______________(communicate)withtheirparents.However，withalittlehardwork，theycanlearntosolvethisproblem.8．Itwon'ttakealongtime_________(find)anyplaceintheworldwiththehelpofonlinemaps.9．Weteenagersshouldspendmoretime________(learn)abouttheoutsideworld.takelistening

communicating

tofindlearning10．Weholdadanceeveryyear__________(raise)moneyforthestudentsinpoorareas.11．Wehaven'tdecidedwhen__________(visit)ourgrandparents.12．__________(keep)diariesinEnglishisagoodwaytohelpyouwithyourEnglish.13．Iprefer___________(listen)tomusicratherthanplaycomputergames.14．Accordingtomyexperience，thefirststeptolearnEnglishwellis_____________(pronounce)correctly.15．Tomiscrazyaboutfootball.However，hisparentsdon'tallowhim_________(stay)outlatetoplayfootballforhissafety.toraisetovisitKeepingtolistentopronouncetostay16．Theyreachedthestationtoolate__________(catch)thetrain.17．Let'sthinkofagoodway_________(help)thesickkidsinthehospital.18．Myfatherexpectsme_______(try)outforthatfamousmusicaltournextyear，sohebooksthesummercamporganizedbyexperienceddramateachersforme.19．Thenewyeariscoming.Teachersencourageus____________(develop)newhobbies.20．Mr.Smithwashappy___________(accept)theinvitationtothespeechcontest.tocatch

tohelptotrytodeveloptoacceptⅡ.翻譯句子21．[2024重慶中考A卷改編]請教教我如何彈鋼琴。Pleaseteachmehow____

______thepiano.22．網(wǎng)絡(luò)交友對中學(xué)生來說是不安全的。_________

_________ontheInternetisnotsafeformiddleschoolstudents.23．從她身上我體會到打敗困難的唯一方式是不斷努力，而不是抱怨。FromherIlearnedtheonlywaytobeatdifficultiesis________

_______insteadofcomplaining.toplayMakingfriendskeeping

trying24．科學(xué)家們說，如今生活在森林里的熊貓不足2000只。Scientistssaytherearenowfewerthan2，000pandas______

___

theforest.25．為了拯救大象，我們不能買象牙制品。Tosavetheelephants，wecan'tbuythings______

____ivory.26．幫你記住某個東西的一個好辦法是在你的頭腦里想象一幅它的畫面。Agreatway___

__________

somethingistoimagineapictureofitinyourmind.livingin

madeoftoremember27．作為年輕人，我們要有改變世界的勇氣。Asyoungmen，weshouldhavethecourage__________

____________theworld.28．閱讀時，有些學(xué)生碰到生詞習(xí)慣查字典。Somestudentsareused____

_________upthewordstheydon'tknowinthedictionarywhilereading.

tochangeofchangingtolookingⅢ.語法填空微語篇[2023山西改編]Joegotachocolatefromhisfatherforhiscleaningworkathome.Whenhewasready29.________(eat)it，hiselderbrothertookawaythechocolatefromJoeandputit