2021-2022學(xué)年上海延安中學(xué)高一（上）期末英語(yǔ)試題及答案

延安中學(xué)高一上期末英語(yǔ)試卷II.Grammarand(22%)SectionA(7%)Directions:BeneathofthefollowingsentencesfourchoicesmarkedB,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Endingwarsandaidingeconomicgrowtharemeasuresthatensureaccessfoodandpromoteruraldevelopmentthatarea.A.for2._______fashionfromcountrycountryreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.endingalongspecificD.byD.WhichA.WhatThatThis3.goodusehavemadeofyourthereroomforimprovement.A.WhateverHoweverThoughD.WhetherD.until4.Itseemedonlyseveralminuteshemadeuphismindandtoldushisdecision.beforewhenA.after5.DeeptheAtlanticOcean,explorershavefoundtreasurebethevaluablesunkenA.wherewhathappens,buthearthethunderafewsecondsforaninstantontheinstantD.aninstantwesharecommonbeliefsandtraditionsthatthatD.which6.seethelighteningA.theinstant7.Culturerefersaparticulargroupofpeopleshapethewayweunderstandtheworld.A.whowhomthatD.whomSectionB(8%)Directions:Completethesentencesthewordsorphrasesthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.Thereoneextrathatdonotneed.A.attachprovokeswitchrenovatedeclineDwanderG.initiateH.symbolizeI.capture8.Indeed,crudeoil(原油)pricesroseafterannouncement,anticipationthathemay__________theOrganizationofthePetroleumExportingCountries(OPEC)pushoilpricesasas$100perbarrel.9.Inallof2020,globallarge-scalecompanieshadthecapacityto__________40milliontonnesofcarbondioxide(CO2)—lessthanhalfthevolumeofcarbonproducedworldwideasingleweek.10.Alongthepassengershavethechanceto__________throughwhitewashedvillages,feeltheseabreezepicturesqueharbors,andexploreancientruins.Thethingshesureto__________mostimportancearethefreedomoftheindividualandthesovereignty(主權(quán))ofhis12Thesurveypredictedthatthequalityoftheeducationalprovisionandstandardspupilsachieve__________significantlyduelackoffunds.13.Thereportproposedthattheauthority__________anewprojectenableanyoneputforwardanytechnologiesfordiseasecontrol.14.Theoptions,onebuildanentirelynewfacilityandasecondto__________theexistingfacilityandaddanewpart,bothpriceofseveralhundredmilliondollars.15.remainuntilwinds__________tothenorthwestaftermidnight.SectionC(7%)Directions:Completethearticlethewordsorphrasesthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.Thereoneextrathatdonotneed.A.ledB.forcingNewcelebrationsbeonSquare,butsmallercrowdsC.havingD.plannedE.performingG.monitoringH.announcing—Revelers(狂歡者)ringthenewyearNewSquarenextweek,therejustbeasofthemasusualundernewrestrictionsannouncedThursdayasthecitystrugglesaCOVID-19cases.areasthatnormallyaccommodateabout58,000people___16___about15,000allowformoredistancing,andeveryoneattendanceshowproofofvaccination(接種疫苗)andwearamask,deBlasiosaidanewsrelease___17___thechanges.“TherealotcelebrateandtheseadditionalsafetymeasureskeepthefullyvaccinatedcrowdsafeandhealthyasweringtheNewdeBlasiosaid,notingthesuccessgettingresidentsvaccinatedwhilealsokeepingbusinessesopen.TheaddedprecautionsforNewEveSquarewerespurredbytherapidspreadoftheomicronvarianttheApple,wherelinesfortestinghavesnakedaroundblocksrecentdays.Onthecitysetanotherone-daytestingrecord22,808newcases,thoughatruecomparisonthenumberofcasesduringtheinitialCOVID-19spring2020impossiblebecausetestswerelimitedatthetime.Becauseofvaccinations,hospitalizationsanddeathsfromthecurrentarefarfewerthanattheheight.Thenewofcaseshas___18___thecancellationofconcerts,sportingeventsandBroadwayshows,butdeBlasiohasshownastrongpreferenceforhavingtheannualSquareballdroponas___19___—thelastmajoreventofhiseight-yeartenure(任期),whichendsJan.1.Littlemorethanamonthago,deBlasiogladlyannouncedthatafullyvaccinatedcrowdofhundredsofthousandsofpeoplewouldbebackattheiconiccelebration—dressinggoofy2022-themedglassesandwatchingacrystal-cladballdropatmidnight—afterwaslimitedlastyeargroupsofessentialworkers.Butthatwasbeforeomicroncaughtfire,___20___cityofficialsandeventrethinkjusthowpeopletheywantedsqueezeintothebright,billboard-linedtouristhavenknownastheCrossroadsoftheOnthenetworkgavedecision,pullingtheplugonaplannedlivebroadcastfromtheNewEveevent.Othernetworksplanairthefestivities,includingDickNewRockin’ontheloyalprogramnowhostedbySeacrest.DeBlasiosaidalongannouncementthatthecityis___21___theCOVID-19situationandcouldimposeadditionalprecautionsneeded.Amongtheotherchangesannouncedrevelersbeallowedintoviewingareasuntil3p.m.,muchlaterthanpastyears.OnNewEvelastSquarewasmostlyJenniferLopezandotherartists___22___behindpolicewalls.AftervaccinesbecamewidelyavailabletheU.S.,thecityallowedcrowdsbacktheFourthofJulyfireworks,theThanksgivingParadeandotherevents.“NewthebestplacetheworldcelebrateNewandnowbeoneofthesafestagainstaswell,”saidawrittenstatementsupportingthenewprecautions.“NewandvisitorsalikecannowenjoySquareandtherestofourcityaswering2022.”III.ReadingComprehension(43%)SectionA(15%)Directions:ForblankinthefollowingpassagefourwordsorphrasesmarkedB,andD.Fillinblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.thelongesttime,thepredominantdescriptionaboutrenewablefeaturedawkwardtechnologies,costs,andburdensomeallowance.Inthe___23___ofstrictandfar-reachingpolicychanges,thechancesformassadoptionseemedslim.Electricvehiclessimplythedistance,andlightswereunattractiveand___24___.Butnowthatthesetechnologieshaveofage,anewstorybeingwritten.Aroundtheworld,businesses,governments,andhouseholdsaretakingadvantageofmorecost-effectivelow-carbontechnologies.___25___advancesinformationtechnologiesgreensolutionscanbeintroducedintobusinessoperationsAndaspublicsupportforthesetechnologieshasgrown,sohavethe___26___forscalingupafullysustainablesystem.Asanyrapidtransition,afullunderstandingofwhathappeninghas___27___events.Manypresentproducersfindhardbelievethattheirworldundergoingarevolutionarychange,sotheyinsistthattheirheavilypollutingtechnologiesremain___28___andnecessaryforcome.Journalists,too,describethetransitionadegreeof___29___,becausetheirjobbesuspicious.Andpoliticiansandregulatorsarecautiousadoptanewperspective,___30___theyarealreadystrugglingkeepupthepaceofchangethebesure,___31___withoutsetbacks,astherecentgrowthenergy-relatedgreenhouse-gas(GHG)emissionsshows.therenodoubtthatthefutureofbe_____32_____differentfromtherecentpast.Infact,the_____33_____happeningevenfasterthanwethink,forexample,coal-firedpowerplantsareshuttingdownfasterthanandplansfornewnatural-gasplantsarebeingreplacedcost-effectivewindandsolaroptions.Andastheshifttowardrenewablesgainsgoodtrends,beeasierforelectedpursuemoreclimate-friendlypoliciesandregulations,therebycreatinga(n)_____34_____circleofchange.Asthegreentransitioncomesofage,solutionsallofneeds,placingaclean,prosperousandsecurelow-carbonfuturewellwithinreach.evenaswehug_____35_____,wemustnotloseofthefactthatclimatechangespeedingup.GHGemissions_____36_____rise,thefutureofhumanityhangsthebalance.Onehopesthattheshift_____37_____thescaleour23.A.licenseabsenceapplicationinevitableIncaseofprospectsD.promotionD.unaffordableD.AccordingD.priorities24.A.invisible25.A.Insteadof26.A.resources27.A.caughtup28.A.relevantunbelievableOwingrevolutionscomparedinferiortakenplaceofsyntheticD.fallenbehindD.experimentalD.approval29.A.mixturecautionconflict30.A.casesothateventhoughhappinessindependentlyD.themomentD.progress31.A.significance32.A.dramaticallyinventioneconomicallyD.equivalently33.A.interaction34.A.naturalmodernizationpotentialoptimismfailingmotivationpositiveD.transformationD.original35.A.influence36.A.startingestimationavailableD.extensionD.continuingD.industrial37.A.sustainabletraditionalSectionB(22%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForofthemfourchoicesmarkedB,CandD.ChoosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustAForkstracetheiroriginsbacktheancientGreeks.atthatwerefairlytinesthataidedthecarvingofmeatthekitchen.Thetinespreventedmeatfromtwistingormovingduringcarvingandallowedfoodslidemoreeasilythanwouldaknife.the7thcenturyA.D.,royalcourtsoftheMiddleEastbeganuseforksatthetablefordining.Fromthe10ththroughthe13thcenturies,forkswerefairlycommonamongthewealthyByzantium.IntheaByzantinebroughtforkstheywerenotwidelyadoptedthereuntilthe16thThen1533,forkswerebroughtfromItalyFrance.TheFrenchwerealsoslowacceptforks,forusingthemwasthoughtbeawkward.In1608,forkswerebroughtEnglandbyThomasCoryate,whosawthemduringhistravelsTheEnglishfirstridiculedforksasbeing“WhyshouldapersonneedaforkwhenGodhadgivenhimhands?”theyasked.forksbeadoptedbythewealthyasasymboloftheirsocialstatus.Theywereprizedpossessionsofexpensivematerialsintendedimpressguests.themid-1600s,eatingforkswasconsideredfashionableamongthewealthyBritish.Earlytableforksweremodeledafterkitchenforks,butsmallpiecesoffoodoftenfellthroughthetinesorslippedlate17thcenturyFrance,forksfourcurvedtinesweredeveloped.Theadditionaltinesmadedinerslesslikelydropfood,andthecurvedtinesservedasascoopsopeopledidnothaveconstantlyswitchaspoonwhileeating.theearly19thforkshadalsobeendevelopedGermanyandEnglandandslowlybeganspreadAmerica.38.Whatthepassagemainlyabout?A.Thedifferentdesignsofforks.Thespreadoffork-aidedThehistoryofusingforksfordining.D.Thedevelopmentoffork-relatedtablemanners.39.whichroutedidtheuseofforksspread?A.MiddleEastGreeceEnglandItalyFranceGreeceMiddleEastItalyFranceEnglandGreeceMiddleEastFranceItalyGermanyD.MiddleEastFranceEnglandItalyGermany40.HowdidforksbecomepopularEngland?A.Britishwereimpressedbythedesignofforks.Britishthoughtawkwardusetheirhandseat.Britishgavespecialforksthenoblesasluxuriousgifts.D.Britishconsidereddiningforksaofsocialstatus.41.Whywereforksmadeintoacurvedshape?A.Theycouldbeusedscoopfoodaswell.TheylookedmorefashionablethisTheyweredesignedthiswayforexporttheD.Theyensuredthewouldnotwhilebeingcut.BTheclassicroadpopularthanHereareseveralplaceshittheopenroad.Colo-roadTheColoradohasmadeeasyforroad-trippersexplorethestate's24ScenicHistoricByways.Anewmicrositeincludesaninteractivemapthatenablestravelersexploreoptionsbyregion,interestorseason.seekinginspirationcanalsoaccessinsidertipsandside-tripsuggestionswithinthan150Colo-roaditineraries(行程).Theflexibleitinerariessuggestionsforhistoricattractions,activeadventuresandhighlightculturalopportunities.TheHighwaywhotravelthisextraordinarypathexperiencethevisuallandscapeofMontana,andPark,hometheAbsarokaandmountains.The68-milestretchintroducesroadexplorersoneofthemostdiverseecosystemsaccessiblebyauto.Amazinglybeautiful,thisAll-AmericanRoaddisplayswidehighlands,paintedpatches(一片片)oficebluelakes,forestedvalleys,waterfallsandwildlife.SewardHighwayAlaska,TheroadthatconnectsAnchorageSewarda127-miletreasure,includingnaturalwildlifeandstoriesofadventureandendurance.adayorseveralexploretheregionthathasearnedthree-foldrecognitionasaForestServiceScenicanAlaskanScenicBywayandanAll-AmericanRoad.ThebeginsatthebaseoftheChugachMountains,hugsthescenicshoresofArmandwindsthroughminingtowns,nationalforestsandfishingvillagesasimaginehowexplorers,furtradersandprospectorshavefaredbacktheExpectwaterfalls,glaciers(冰川),eagles,moose(駝鹿)andgoodbearstories.TheLighthouseMainethe375milesbetweenKitteryandCalais,Maine,visitlighthousesalongtheandlearnaboutthedangersthatseagoingboatsandtheircrewenduredalongtherockyNortheasterncoast.Heartalesofshipwrecks(海灘)andofthedifficultandlonelyledbythosewhokeptthelightsburningIfpossible,visittheMaineLighthouseMuseum,whereartifactsandhands-onexhibitsforchildrenprovideanattractivebreak.42.Whatspecialabouteachplacementionedabove?A.ofColo-roadareprovidedadaptableplansoftrip.theHighwaycanenjoytheautoDriversalongSewardHighwaycanappreciatethetreasureunderground.D.TheLighthouseofferstravelersseagoingboatsrowonthesea.43.Whichfavorkidsaccordingthepassage?A.Colo-roadTheSewardAlaska.D.TheLighthouseMaine.44.Thebesttitleforthepassageis________.A.StoriesofadventurealongroadtripsAmericanpopularroadtripsRecognitionforclassicplacesD.All-AmericanhighwayjourneyCIfadiversurfacestoohesufferthebends.Nitrogen(氮)dissolved(溶解)hisbloodsuddenlyliberatedbythereductionofpressure.Theconsequence,thebubbles(氣泡)accumulateajoint,sharppainandabentbody—thusthename.Ifthebubblesformhislungsorhisbrain,theconsequencecanbedeath.Otherair-breathinganimalsalsothisdecompression(減壓)sicknesstheysurfacetoofast:whales,forexample.Andso,longago,didichthyosaurs.Thattheseancientseaanimalsthebendscanbeseenfromtheirbones.IfbubblesofnitrogenforminsidethebonetheycancutbloodThiskillsthecellsthebone,andconsequentlyweakenssometimesthepointofcollapse.Fossil(化石)bonesthathavecavedonthemselvesarethusathattheanimaloncehadthebends.BruceRothschildoftheUniversityofKansasknewallthiswhenhebeganastudyofichthyosaurbonesfindouthowwidespreadtheproblemwasthepast.Whatheparticularlywantedinvestigatewashowichthyosaursadaptedtheproblemofdecompressionoverthe150millionyears.thisend,heandhiscolleaguestraveledthenatural-historymuseums,lookingathundredsofichthyosaursfromtheperiodandfromthelaterJurassicandCretaceousperiods.Whenhestarted,heassumedthatofthebendswouldberareryoungerfossils,reflectingtheirgradualevolutionofmeasuresdealdecompression.Instead,hewasastonisheddiscovertheopposite.than15%ofJurassicandCretaceousichthyosaurshadsufferedthebendsbeforetheydied,butnotaspecimen(標(biāo)本)showedevidenceofthatsortofIfichthyosaursdidevolveananti-decompressionmeans,theyclearlydidsoquickly—and,mosttheylostafterwards.ButthatnotwhatDrRothschildthinkshappened.Hesuspectswasevolutionotheranimalsthatcausedthechange.Whalesthatsufferthebendsoftendosobecausetheyhavesurfacedescapeapredator(捕食動(dòng)物)suchasashark.OneofthefeaturesofJurassicoceanswasanabundanceofsharksandcrocodiles,bothofwhichwerefondofichthyosaurlunches.oceans,bycontrast,weremercifullyshark-andcrocodile-free.Inthethen,ichthyosaursweretopofthefoodchain.IntheJurassicandCretaceous,theywereprey(獵物)aswellaspredator—andoftenhadaspeedyasaresult.45.Whichofthefollowingatypicalsymptomofthebends?A.AtwistedAgradualdecreasebloodD.Adropbloodpressure.Asuddenreleaseofnitrogenblood.46.Thepurposeofstudysee________.A.howoftenichthyosaurscaughtthebendswhyichthyosaursbenttheirbodies47.findingstatedParagraph4________..A.confirmedhisassumptionhowichthyosaursadapteddecompressionD.whenichthyosaursbroketheirbonesspeededuphisresearchprocessD.changedhisresearchobjectivesdisagreedhisassumption48.Rothschildhaveconcludedthatichthyosaurs________.A.failedevolveanantidecompressionmeansgraduallydevelopedmeasuresagainstthebendsdiedoutbecauseofsharksandcrocodilesD.evolvedanantidecompressionmeansbutsoonlostSectionC(6%)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.Fillinblankwithasentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattwosentencesthanyouneed.Directions:Afterreadingthepassagechoosethebestanswersfromthesixstatementsaccordingwhathavejustread.priceofapieceofhistoryAfreshcanbepurchasedforlessthan$1.But2008,Cowan'sAuctionsCincinnatisoldalemonblackenedfor$2,350.Whatwassospecialaboutthislemon?___49___Accordingahandwrittennoteinkattachedapartlysealedbottlecontainingthelemon,thefruitwaspicked1842bygardener"43yearsafterthefirstpresident'sdeaththousanddollarsalotpayforproduce,evenfromtheestateofafoundingThissale,justbeconsideredacomparedpricespaidforotherhistoricalcollectiblesrecentyears.___50___Collectingapieceoforanobjectassociatedafamousperson,notbrandOrdinaryobjectsextraordinarystorieshaveincreasinglybeencomingauctionandachievingprices,ThomasdirectorofChristie'sdepartmentofbooksandmanuscriptsLondon.Pricesarebeingdrivenup,hesays,bycollectorstheand,Asia.TheHawkingwheelchair,forexample,waspurchasedbyaprivatemuseumChina.___51___onething,theirhistoryofownershipbothcrucialandsometimesdifficultprove.Photographsofthefamouspersontheobject,aswellasdocumentation(suchasletters,diariesorrecollectionsbyacquaintancesreferringtheobject)canalsohelp.___52___evaluatethevalueofaPicassopainting,onecanlookatrecentpricespaidforotherPicassopaintingsoftheperiod,similarorstyle.FindinganotherrecentsaleofaplantedbyadifferentKatieHorstman,headofCowan'sAmericanHistorydepartment,shecouldfindnocomparableitemsfortheasshepreparedthepieceforauction.Horstmanneverthelesseventuallyarrivedattheestimatedvalueat$3,000$4,000,shesays,byresearchingauctionrecordsforobjectssomehowassociatedthathadappearedonthemarket.Cowansendedupestimatingthevalueoftheat$3,000$4,000,accordingdescriptiononwebsite.Objectsassociatedthesedays,Horstmansays,cansellforanywherefrom1,000uptensofthousandsofdollars.A.Stephenwheelchairfetched296,750atasaleatChristie'sLondonlastdeterminingpotentialvaluesofsuchobjectsItwassaidbefromatreeplantedbyatMountD.Theauctionresultsurelydrewtheattentionfromboththebusinessandeconomicsworlds.TheuniquenessofoftheseobjectsfurthercomplicatesputavalueonThereforetheuniquevalueofmanyobjectsprovedtheworthofcollection.第II卷(20分)I.Fillwithformsofverbsgiven.(4%)53.Thelastwesawhe________(work)the(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)54.Enormouschanges________(take)placethatcitysincetheturnofthe21st（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填55.-Oh,you!I________you.(recognize)（所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空）-justhadmyhaircut,andI’mwearingnewglasses.56.Owingthelevelofthedelaytransportation,it________(be)weeksorevenmonthsbeforethesupplychainreturnsnormal.(所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空)(16%)(3+3+3+3+4)Directions:thefollowingsentencesEnglish,usingthewordsgiveninthebrackets.57.無(wú)論好壞，線上食物外送服務(wù)已經(jīng)改變了我們的飲食方式，也正給社會(huì)造成巨大影響。(漢譯英)58.那個(gè)位于湖邊provide59.要是談到下棋，這家跨國(guó)公司在這個(gè)人工智能領(lǐng)域遙遙領(lǐng)先。(Whencomesto,leadn.)(漢譯英)60.Notbutalso61.realize,高一年英語(yǔ)試卷II.Grammarand(22%)SectionA(7%)Directions:BeneathofthefollowingsentencesfourchoicesmarkedB,CandD.Choosetheoneanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.1.Endingwarsandaidingeconomicgrowthareendingalongspecificmeasuresthatensureaccessfoodandpromoteruraldevelopmentthatarea.A.forD.by【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查介詞。句意：結(jié)束饑荒的關(guān)鍵是結(jié)束戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)并幫助經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，并輔之以確保食物供給和促進(jìn)那個(gè)地區(qū)鄉(xiāng)村發(fā)展的具體措施。短語(yǔ)thedosth意為“做某事的關(guān)鍵”，故選。2._______fashionfromcountrycountryreflecttheculturaldifferencesfromoneaspect.A.WhatB.ThatC.ThisD.Which【答案】B【解析】【詳解】考查名詞從句連接詞。句意：國(guó)與國(guó)之間的時(shí)尚差異可能從一個(gè)方面反映了文化的差異。此處為主語(yǔ)從句，從句中不缺少成分，句意完整，故應(yīng)用只起連接作用的that。故選。3.goodusehavemadeofyourthereroomforimprovement.HoweverThoughD.WhetherA.Whatever【答案】A【解析】A.WhateverHowever然而；ThoughD.Whetheruseofgooduseof在use前加上goodgooduse提前。結(jié)合句意，此處需要一個(gè)表示無(wú)論多么且表讓步的引導(dǎo)詞，且連接空后的名詞。綜合四個(gè)選項(xiàng)，Whatever符合題意。故選A4.Itseemedonlyseveralminuteshemadeuphismindandtoldushisdecision.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.until【答案】B【解析】A.after在……之后；before在……之前；when在……時(shí)候；D.untilItseemedonlyseveralminutes”和“hemadeuphisandtoldushisdecision“只過(guò)了幾分鐘”發(fā)生在“下定了決心并把他的決定告訴了我們”之前，可用連詞before引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“在……之前”。故選B5.DeeptheAtlanticOcean,explorershavefoundtreasurebethevaluablesunkenC.thatD.whichA.where【答案】B【解析】B.what【詳解】考查賓語(yǔ)從句連接詞。句意：在大西洋的深處，探險(xiǎn)者們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了或許是歷史上最有價(jià)值的沉沒(méi)的寶藏。A.where哪里；what什么；...的東西；that那個(gè)；D.which哪個(gè)。分析句子，該空需要一個(gè)連接詞引導(dǎo)found的賓語(yǔ)從句，并指代物在從句中作主語(yǔ)，what符合題意。故選B6.seethelighteninghappens,buthearthethunderafewsecondsA.theinstant【答案】A【解析】foraninstantontheinstantD.aninstantA.theinstant一……foraninstantontheinstantD.aninstant處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“一……就……”，應(yīng)用theinstant。故選A7.Culturerefersaparticulargroupofpeopleshapethewayweunderstandtheworld.wesharecommonbeliefsandtraditionsthatA.whoB.whomC.thatD.whom【答案】D【解析】【詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：文化是指與我們有共同信仰和傳統(tǒng)的特定人群，這些信仰和傳統(tǒng)塑造了我們理解世界的方式。A.who誰(shuí)；whom誰(shuí)；that那；D.whom和誰(shuí)。分析句子可知，此處包含固定搭配sharesth.sb.aparticulargroupofpeople，先行詞指人，從句缺少介詞和關(guān)系詞，關(guān)系詞在從句中作的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用whom引導(dǎo)，即whom引導(dǎo)從句。故選DSectionB(8%)Directions:Completethesentencesthewordsorphrasesthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.Thereoneextrathatdonotneed.【答案】8.B9.I10.D12.FA13.G14.C15.E【解析】8題詳解】provoke意為“激怒、挑釁”，符合句意邏輯，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后跟動(dòng)詞原形，需填provoke，故選。9題詳解】2020年，全球的大規(guī)模公司有能力贏得4億噸碳排放量，少于全球在一周之內(nèi)的二氧化碳排放量的一半。動(dòng)詞capture意為“奪得;贏得”，獲得碳排放權(quán)，符合句意，havethecapacitydo"有做某事的能力，需填capture，故選I。10題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：沿途，乘客們有機(jī)會(huì)穿過(guò)粉刷過(guò)了的村莊，在如畫的海港感受海風(fēng)，并且探索古跡。動(dòng)詞wander意為徘徊;游蕩;流浪;漫游;havethechancedo“有做某事的機(jī)會(huì)”。wander，故選D。題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：他一定重視的兩件事情是個(gè)人自由和國(guó)家的主權(quán)。短語(yǔ)attachimportance意為“重視，besuredosth意為“一定會(huì)做”attach，故選A。12題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)調(diào)查預(yù)測(cè)，由于缺乏資金，小學(xué)生收獲的教育供給的質(zhì)量和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可能會(huì)大大地下降。declinedeclineF。13題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)報(bào)告提議官方應(yīng)該發(fā)起一個(gè)新的項(xiàng)目，讓每個(gè)人都能改進(jìn)用來(lái)疾病控制科學(xué)技術(shù)。動(dòng)詞“initiate”propose后的賓語(yǔ)從句應(yīng)使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，should加動(dòng)詞原形，should可以省略，需填initiate，故選G。14題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：兩個(gè)選擇，一個(gè)是建一個(gè)全新的設(shè)施，一個(gè)是在原有的設(shè)備基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行革新，添加一個(gè)renovate“革新”renovate，。15題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：氣溫會(huì)保持溫和直到午夜之后風(fēng)到達(dá)西北方向。此處指風(fēng)的移動(dòng)，switch意為“轉(zhuǎn)換、轉(zhuǎn)”until引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句遵循“主將從現(xiàn)”windsswitch，。SectionC(7%)Directions:Completethearticlethewordsorphrasesthebox.Eachwordorphrasecanonlybeusedonce.Thereoneextrathatdonotneed.【答案】16.F17.H18.A19.D20.B21.G22.E【解析】【分析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要介紹了時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)的除夕慶?；顒?dòng)將會(huì)按時(shí)舉行，但是參加人數(shù)會(huì)比較少。16題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：市長(zhǎng)比爾·德·布拉西奧在宣布這一變化的新聞稿中說(shuō)，通?？扇菁{約58000人的觀賞區(qū)將被限制在15000個(gè)左右，以留出更大的距離，每個(gè)參加觀看的人都必須出示疫苗接種證明并戴上口罩。分析句子，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，與空前的be構(gòu)成一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，limited“限制”是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，符合題意。故選F17題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：市長(zhǎng)比爾·德·布拉西奧在宣布這一變化的新聞稿中說(shuō)，通常可容納約58000人的觀賞區(qū)將被限制在15000個(gè)左右，以留出更大的距離，每個(gè)參加觀看的人都必須出示疫苗接種證明并戴anewsrelease詞announceanewsreleaseannouncing作后置定語(yǔ)修飾anewsreleaseH18題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：新一輪的事件已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致音樂(lè)會(huì)、體育賽事和百老匯演出被取消。分析句子，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，與空前has構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，lead表示“導(dǎo)致”，led“導(dǎo)致”是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，符合題意。故選A19題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：但德布拉西奧表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的偏好，希望每年一度的時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)舞會(huì)按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行。結(jié)合語(yǔ)意，德布拉西奧希望時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)舞會(huì)按照計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，舞會(huì)是被計(jì)劃的，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式表示被動(dòng)，asplanned表示“正如被計(jì)劃的”，planned“被計(jì)劃”是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞形式，符合題意。故選D20題詳解】omicron底想擠進(jìn)多少人，擠進(jìn)這個(gè)被一些人稱為世界十字路口的明亮、布滿廣告牌的旅游天堂。分析句子，空處應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示自然而言的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式，forcesb.dosth.表示“迫使某人做某事”，forcing“迫使”是動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，符合題意。故選B21題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：德布拉西奧在星期四的通告中說(shuō)城市正在監(jiān)控2019采取額外的預(yù)防措施。分析句子，空處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，與空前構(gòu)成現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)意，城市正在監(jiān)控2019冠狀病毒疾病，才可以在需要時(shí)采取額外的預(yù)防措施，monitoring“監(jiān)控”是動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，符合題意。故選G22題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：去年的除夕夜，時(shí)代廣場(chǎng)幾乎空無(wú)一人，詹妮弗·洛佩茲和其他藝術(shù)家在警察墻后表演。分析句子，空處應(yīng)為非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，結(jié)合語(yǔ)意，詹妮弗·洛佩茲和其他藝術(shù)家在除夕performJenniferLopezandotherartists形式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，performing是動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，符合題意。故選EIII.ReadingComprehension(43%)SectionA(15%)Directions:ForblankinthefollowingpassagefourwordsorphrasesmarkedB,andD.Fillinblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.【答案】23.B34.C【解析】24.D35.B25.B36.D26.C37.A27.D28.A29.B30.C31.D32.A33.D【分析】這是一篇議論文。主要論述了在當(dāng)今氣候變暖加劇的情況下，發(fā)展可持續(xù)能源的意義十分重大。23題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在沒(méi)有嚴(yán)格和深遠(yuǎn)的政策變化的情況下，大規(guī)模采用可再生能源的機(jī)會(huì)似乎很渺茫。A.license許可證、執(zhí)照；absence缺席、不在場(chǎng)；application應(yīng)用；D.promotion升職、促銷。根據(jù)后文中“thechancesformassadoptionseemedslim”結(jié)合句意，因?yàn)槿鄙賴?yán)格的和深遠(yuǎn)的政策變化，大眾采用可再生能源的機(jī)會(huì)也變得渺茫。故選B24題詳解】A.invisible不可見的；unbelievable不值得相信的；inevitable不可避免的；D.unaffordable支付不起的。根據(jù)unattractive需要選用貶義的詞匯，結(jié)合第二段中takingadvantageofmorecost-effectivelow-carbontechnologies”可知這里表示負(fù)擔(dān)不起。故選D25題詳解】A.Insteadof而不是；Owing由于、因?yàn)椋籌ncaseof鑒于；D.According根據(jù)。通過(guò)翻譯語(yǔ)境可知，由于信息技術(shù)的進(jìn)步，綠色的解決措施得以成功地被引進(jìn)商業(yè)操作中。故選B26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：隨著公眾對(duì)這些技術(shù)的支持增加，擴(kuò)大到一個(gè)完全可持續(xù)的能源系統(tǒng)的前景也在增加。A.resources資源；revolutions決心、措施；prospects前景；D.priorities優(yōu)先權(quán)、重點(diǎn)。通過(guò)語(yǔ)境翻譯可知，隨著公眾對(duì)于這些科技的支持上升，科技的前景規(guī)?？梢陨仙揭粋€(gè)充分可持續(xù)性發(fā)展的境地。故選C27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：正如任何快速轉(zhuǎn)型一樣，對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情的充分理解已經(jīng)落后于正在發(fā)生的A.caughtup趕上；comparedtakenplaceofD.fallenbehind落后。根據(jù)后句中Manypresentproducersfindhardbelievethattheirworldundergoingarevolutionarychange”可知，很多人不相信我們的世界正在經(jīng)歷一個(gè)變革性的變化，說(shuō)明“對(duì)正在發(fā)生的事情的充分理解”落后于正在發(fā)生的事實(shí)的。故選D28題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：許多目前的能源生產(chǎn)者發(fā)現(xiàn)很難相信他們的世界正在經(jīng)歷一場(chǎng)革命性的變化，A.relevant題的；inferior低人一等的；synthetic合成的；D.experimentaltheirheavilypollutingtechnologiesremainandnecessaryforcome段時(shí)間內(nèi)仍然具有必要性，具有必要性說(shuō)明就有相關(guān)性，是有用的。故選A29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：記者們也在一定程度上謹(jǐn)慎地描述轉(zhuǎn)型，因?yàn)樗麄兊墓ぷ骶褪浅謶岩蓱B(tài)度。A.mixturecautionconflict沖突；D.approvalbecausetheirjobbesuspicious”中的“suspicious”表明，記者對(duì)待此類轉(zhuǎn)變的態(tài)度是謹(jǐn)慎的。故選B30題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：而政治家和監(jiān)管者則謹(jǐn)慎地采用新的視角，盡管他們已經(jīng)在努力跟上能源行業(yè)的變化步伐。A.case以防；sothat以至于；even即使；D.themoment一……就。根據(jù)句意，政治學(xué)家和規(guī)則制定對(duì)于采取新的觀點(diǎn)很謹(jǐn)慎，但是他們已經(jīng)掙扎著追趕能源行業(yè)的變化節(jié)奏，前后句構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折，用eventhough。故選C31題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：可以肯定的是，進(jìn)步并不是沒(méi)有挫折，正如最近與能源有關(guān)的溫室氣體排放的A.significanceinventionhappinessD.progress文語(yǔ)境和后文“therecentgrowthenergy-relatedgreenhouse-gas(GHG)emissions續(xù)能源問(wèn)題，這是進(jìn)步的好事，但與能源有關(guān)的溫室氣體排放最近有增長(zhǎng)，可推知進(jìn)步并不意味著沒(méi)有阻礙。故選D32題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，能源的未來(lái)將與最近的過(guò)去有很大的不同。A.dramatically顯著地；economically節(jié)儉地；independently獨(dú)立地；D.equivalently同等地。根據(jù)后文“forexample,coal-firedpowerplantsareshuttingdownfasterthanandplansfornewnatural-gasplantsarebeingreplacedmorecost-effectivewindandsolaroptions”可知，燃煤電廠關(guān)閉的速度比以往任何時(shí)候都要快，而新建A33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)上，轉(zhuǎn)型的速度比我們想象的還要快，例如，燃煤發(fā)電廠的關(guān)閉速度比以往任何時(shí)候都快，新天然氣發(fā)電廠的計(jì)劃正被更具成本效益的風(fēng)能和太陽(yáng)能替代。A.interaction互動(dòng)；modernization現(xiàn)代化；motivationD.transformationforexample,coal-firedpowerplantsareshuttingdownfasterthanandplansfornewnatural-gasplantsarebeingreplacedcost-effectivewindandsolaroptions”和“theshift”可知，用煤炭作為動(dòng)力的工廠倒閉的很快，并且建立天然氣工廠的計(jì)劃被更為節(jié)省開支的風(fēng)能或者太陽(yáng)能所替代，可知轉(zhuǎn)變比我們想象的更為快速。故選D34題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：而且，隨著向可再生能源的轉(zhuǎn)變獲得良好的趨勢(shì)，當(dāng)選官員將更容易追求更A.natural自然的；potential潛在的；positive積極的；D.original起源的。由上文“Andastheshifttowardrenewablesgainsgoodtrends,beeasierforelectedofficialspursueclimate-friendlypoliciesandregulations”可知，向可再生能源的轉(zhuǎn)變獲得了很好的趨勢(shì)，當(dāng)政官員會(huì)追求更為環(huán)境友好型的政策和法規(guī)，都是積極的影響，這會(huì)形成一個(gè)積極的變化循環(huán)。故選C35題詳解】A.influence影響；optimism樂(lè)觀；estimation估計(jì)；D.extensiontheshifttowardrenewablesgainsgoodtrends”提及的向可再生能源的轉(zhuǎn)變獲得了良好的態(tài)勢(shì)可知，這里表示當(dāng)我們擁抱樂(lè)觀的時(shí)候，我們不能失去對(duì)于能源變化正在加速這一事實(shí)的把握。故選B36題詳解】A.starting開始；failing失??；D.continuingtherecentgrowthenergy-relatedgreenhouse-gas(GHG)emissions”可知，隨著溫室氣體的持續(xù)增加，人類的未來(lái)安危未決。故選D37題詳解