2024年中考英語語法考點(diǎn)突破訓(xùn)練名詞含解析

名詞考點(diǎn)一、名詞的分類及用法名詞意義:表示人/事物或抽象概念的詞。如:Shanghai,Lilei,desk專出名詞一般名詞國名地名人名團(tuán)體機(jī)構(gòu)名稱可數(shù)名詞不行數(shù)名詞個體名詞集體名詞抽象名詞物質(zhì)名詞首字母大寫表單個的人或者事物表一群人或一些事物的總稱表無法分為個體的物質(zhì)表抽象概念的詞如:Jim,June,China,Harbin.teacher,apple…family,police…water,money…h(huán)ealth,friendship…考點(diǎn)二、可數(shù)名詞(個體名詞和集體名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式A.不規(guī)則改變常見的有:man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,tooth-teeth,child-children,mouse-mice...單復(fù)數(shù)同型:ChineseJapanesepeoplesheepdeerfish(中日友好永不變)aChinese—twoChinese;aJapanese—fourJapanese(英法聯(lián)盟a變e)anEnglish—eightEnglishmen;anFrenchman—nineFrenchmen(其他后面加s)aGerman—fiveGermansB.規(guī)則改變狀況構(gòu)成例詞一般的詞＋sday-daysdesk-desks以s,sh,ch,x結(jié)尾＋esmatch-matchesboss-bosses*tomatoes,potatoes,heroes以輔音＋y結(jié)尾改y為i＋esbaby-babiesfly-flies以f/fe結(jié)尾改f為v＋eswife-wivesleaf-leaves考點(diǎn)三、不行數(shù)名詞及其用法(1)不行數(shù)名詞沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式,不能與a/an或詳細(xì)數(shù)字連用,但特指某物時可以與定冠詞the連用。(2)要表示肯定的數(shù)量時,常與acupof,apieceof等量詞連用,如acupoftea一杯茶;twobottlesofwater兩瓶水(3)只能修飾不行數(shù)名詞的詞有:alittle(一點(diǎn)),little(幾乎沒有),much/agreatdealof/alargeamountof(很多)workhomeworkweatheradvicenewsprogressinformationhouseworkfunweightknowledgeEnglishfooddrinkorangericebreadmeatchickenporkbeef......考點(diǎn)四、名詞的全部格的構(gòu)成及其用法。名詞的全部格：在英語中,有生命的名詞及表示時間距離國家城市的名詞,常在詞尾加's表示所屬關(guān)系,叫做名詞的全部格。翻譯成:"的"。如:Tom'sbike(湯姆的單車)名詞的全部格例詞例句①干脆在詞尾加'sKate'sbag,Children'sDay,Women'sDay②以s結(jié)尾的名詞全部格,在詞尾加'Teachers'Day,students'books③表示兩人共同擁有的人或物,在后一個人名后加'sLucyandLily'smother(共同的媽媽)④表示兩人分別擁有的人或物,則兩個人名后都要加'sTom'sandJim'srooms(各自的房間)⑤表某人的家店鋪?zhàn)≌步ㄖ鹊孛麜r,全部格后面的名詞經(jīng)常省略:atthedoctor's(在醫(yī)務(wù)室);atTom's(在湯姆的家)⑥表示無生命名詞的全部格,用of表達(dá)thedooroftheroom,thecoloroftheclothes⑦雙重全部格:用's全部格/與of全部格相結(jié)合。Afriendofmyfather's,abookofmine留意:但是有些表示時間、距離、重量、價值、國家和城市等無生命的名詞,也可加's構(gòu)成全部格今日的報紙today'snewspaper八天的假期an8-dayholidayeightdays'holiday五分鐘的步行路程afive-minutewalkfiveminutes'walk一、單項(xiàng)填空1.Pleasekeepquiet.Ifyoumakealotof,youmaydisturbothers.

A.voice B.noise C.sound D.singing2.Hebought.

A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoesC.twopairsofshoe D.twopairofshoe3.—Whereisyourseat?—It’sbetweenseats,inRow6.

A.JackandJohnB.Jack’sandJohn C.Jack’sandJohn’s D.JackandJohn’s4.HewasborninShanxi,butShandonghasbecomehissecond.

A.home B.familyC.houseD.place5.Mum,I’mquitethirsty.Pleasegiveme.

A.twoorange B.twobottleoforangesC.twobottlesoforange D.twobottlesoforanges6.Alltheteachersandstudentsarehavingameetingthere.

A.women;girlsB.women;girlC.woman;girls D.woman;girl7.CouldyoupleasetellmesomeaboutXi’anInternationalHorticulturalExpo(世界園藝博覽會)?

A.information B.adviceC.opinions D.ideas8.Theydon’thavetodotoday.

A.muchhomeworkB.manyhomeworksC.manyhomework D.muchhomeworks9.—Couldyoupleasetakea(n)fortheheadteacher?

—Sure,I’llbegladto.A.informationB.messageC.news D.sentence10.Theofmosttreeswillfallinautumn.

A.leaf B.leafsC.leavesD.leave11.Thelittlehastwoalready.

A.baby;teeth B.baby;toothC.babies;toothD.babies;teeth12.—Didyouhearanystrangewhentheearthquakehappened?

—No,Iwasinmygardenenjoyingthebeautifulofmybirdsatthattime.

A.voice;noise B.noise;soundC.voice;sound D.sound;voice13.ProfessorWanggaveusaveryusefulonhowtopreparefortheexam.

A.advice B.informationC.experience D.suggestion14.Itisbettertotravel10,000milesthantoread10,000books,soit’simportanttohaverealwithlanguages,culturesandsocieties.

A.communicationB.experienceC.knowledge D.influence15.—Oh,no!Wehavemissedthetrain.Whatshouldwedo?—I’mafraidwehavenobuttowaitforanotherone.

A.decision B.informationC.reasonD.choice二、用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1.Theysuccessfullysavedtwo(child)lives.

2.Youshouldknowthe(different)betweenthetwobooks.

3.Wesawsome(mouse)inthedirtyoldhouse.

4.Everyyear,（百萬）ofpeopledonatemoneytotheHopeProject．5.Howexcellentyour（pronounce）is!Youmusthaveagoodteacher.6.Thereareseveral(library)inthecity.

7.Therearesix(Frenchman)talkingloudlyintheroom.

8.(teacher)DayisonSeptember10th.

9.Wehopethatmore（China）willwinhonourforourcountry.10.Moreactionmustbetakentostop（pollute）．三、詞語運(yùn)用閱讀短文，從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)脑~并用其正確形式填空，使短文通順、意思完整，每空限填一詞，每詞限用一次。neighborpeopletrainingskillfishchancedifficultylearnermoneything“Thanksforprovidinguswithsuchagoodtrainingprogram.The1programwillhelpuslivewell.IwillstudyhardandlearndifferentskillssothatIcansolvemyfamily2anddogoodtoothers.”alearneronthejobtrainingprogramsaid,feelingexcited.The3fatherisdisabled,andhismotherisillinbed.Thefamilyisverypoor.Sohehastofindajobtomake4.Thelearnergraduatedfromhighschoolanddidn’thavethechancetogotothecollege.Thejobtrainingprogramcanhelphimtolearnthe5thathe’llneedintheworkplace.Thestorymakesmethinkofanotherstory.Itgoeslikethis:Longlongago,therewasaman,hewasabletocatchalotof6everyday.Healwayssharedhisfishwithhis7becausetheydidn’tknowhowtofish.Oneday,hecalledthemtogethertoshowthemhowtofish.Everyonewashappyastheycouldeatthefishtheycaughtbythemselves.Now,therearestillmanypoor8intheworld.Butit’snotgoodifwegiveonlyfoodtothem.Instead,weshouldgivethema9tolearnnewskills.Therefore,technicaltrainingisveryimportanttopeopleinneedandtheywilllearntheskillstomakemoney.Peoplecanlearnlotsofuseful10inthetrainingprogramandwhattheylearncanhelpthemfindjobs.四、完形填空TomwokeuponMondaymorning.Hefeltsick.HealwaysfeltsickonMonday1.Hehadtogotoschoolforawholeweek!Healmostwishedtherewereno2.Itwasevenmoredifficultforhimtogobacktoschool!Helayinbedandwonderedwhat3hecouldmakethistime.Helookedathisbody,butcouldfindnothingwrong.Alittleheadache?No.Hehadusedthatexcusemany4.Thenherealizedthatoneofhis5wasloose(松動).Good!Hewasjustgoingtostartgroaning(呻吟)whenhethoughtthatAuntPollywouldpullthetoothout.Thatwouldhurt!Helookedforsomethingelse.Suddenlyherememberedwhatthedoctorhadsaidaboutacertainproblemwith6.Hepulledhisright7outandlookedatit.Oneofthetoeswasreallyhurting,Tombegantogroan.“What’swrongwithyou?”AuntPollyasked.“Mytoehurts.”Theoldladyfellintoa8,smellingalittle.“Tom,youfrightenedme.Nowshutupatonceandgetoutofbed.”Tomfeltlikea9beingcaught.“Well,itseemedallright.IthurtsomuchthatIforgotmytooth.”“Tooth,eh?What’swrongwithyourtooth?”“Oneofthemislooseandithurtsbadly.”“No10,”answeredAuntPolly.“Icanpullitout.”“Please,Auntie!Don’tpullitout.Ithasstoppedhurtingnow.Please!”“Noway!Well,you’llhaveyourtoothoutandyou’llgotoschool?1.A.MondayB.morningsC.afternoonD.evening2.A.week-dayB.week-days C.week-endsD.week-ends3.A.wayB.excuse C.idea D