2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Unit5WorkingtheLandSectionAReadingandThinking課后習(xí)題含解析新人教版選擇性必修第一冊

PAGEUnit5WORKINGTHELANDSectionAReadingandThinking課后篇鞏固提升基礎(chǔ)夯實Ⅰ.單詞拼法1.Therapidincreaseinpopulationcauseda(缺乏)ofnaturalresources.

答案shortage2.Thefirstreasonto(應(yīng)對)theseproblemsistosavechildren’slives.

答案tackle3.One(特點)Ihaveobservedovertheyearsinallgreatsoftwaredevelopersistheirpassionfortheirwork.

答案characteristic4.Inourschool,mostofourstudentsafive“A”gradesintheirexams.

答案attained5.Idon’tthinkthere’senoughinformationtomakean(假設(shè)).

答案assumption6.Thecostofbuildingrailwaywaseatoveronehundredthousandpounds.

答案estimated7.Outputconsistsofbothexportsandsalesonthe(國內(nèi)的)market.

答案domestic8.Joannahasfinallymadeittothefirstrankof(名人)after25yearsasanactress.

答案celebrityⅡ.短語填空devoteoneselftodeepdownotherthanbecomprisedofdependondreamup1.Ayearthefourseasonsofspring,summer,autumnandwinter.

答案iscomprisedof2.Webelievefirmlywhatyouhaveissuretocometrue.

答案devotedyourselfto3.Thepartywhetherornottheycollectenoughmoney.

答案dependson4.,shesupportedherhusband’sinvolvementintheorganisation.

答案Deepdown5.Whotheideaofpaintingourlivingroomwallabrightred?

答案dreamedup6.Theformcannotbesignedbyanyoneyourself.

答案otherthanⅢ.完成句子1.據(jù)估計,到2050年,將有13億人運用英語作為第一語言或其次語言。that1.3billionpeoplewilluseEnglishaseitherafirstorasecondlanguageby2050.

答案Itisestimated2.我從沒有想到你能勝利地勸服他變更辦法。Itneveroccurredtomethatyoucouldhimtochangehismind.

答案succeedinpersuading3.使我印象最深刻的是殘疾人樂觀的生活看法。mostistheoptimisticattitudeofthedisabled.

答案Whatimpressedme4.假如他能再一次得到機會的話,他確定會勝利的。hecangetanotherchance,hewillsurelysucceed.

答案Giventhat5.高校畢業(yè)后,我第一次在一個新的城市里獨自謀生。college,Ilivedbymyselfinanewcityforthefirsttime.

答案Aftergraduatingfrom素養(yǎng)提升Ⅳ.閱讀理解A主題語境:人與自然自然生態(tài)Theorganicfoodhasgainedalotofpopularityastheyarebeingconsideredhealthierandtastier.Afairnumberofpeopleadvocatealarge-scaleshifttoorganicfarmingfromconventionalagriculture.Butthismightnotseemwell-founded.Sincethemid-19thcentury,conventionalindustrialagriculturehasbecomeincrediblyefficientonasimplelandtofoodbasis.Conventionalfarminggetsmoreandmorecroppersquarefootofland,whichcanmeanlesswildernessneedstobetransformedtofarmland.Tomakefarmingmoreefficient,conventionalagricultureusesasignificantamountofsyntheticfertiliser(合成肥料)eachyear,andallthatnitrogen(氮)enablesmuchfasterplantgrowth.However,thecostispaidinvastpolluteddeadzonesatthemonthsofmanyoftheworld’srivers,becausemuchofthenitrogenendsuprunningoffthesoilandintotheoceans.Thisalsomakesconventionalfarmingoneofthemajorthreatstotheenvironment.Toweakentheenvironmentalimpactofagriculture,improvesoilqualityaswellasproducehealthierfoods,somefarmershaveturnedtoorganicfarming.Environmentalistshavealsowelcomedorganicfoodasbetterfortheplanetthanthefoodproducedbyagriculturalcorporations.Organicpractices—refusingartificialfertilisersandchemicalpesticides—areconsideredfarmoresustainable.Salesoforganicfoodrose7.7%in2010,upto$26.7billion—andpeoplearemakingthosepurchasesfortheirmoralsensesasmuchastheirtongues.Yetanewmeta-analysisinNaturedoesthemathandcomestoahardconclusion:organicfarmingproduces25%fewercropsonaveragethanconventionalagriculture.IntheNatureanalysis,scientistsperformedananalysisof66studiescomparingconventionalandorganicmethodsacross34differentcropspecies,fromfruitstograins.Theyfoundthatorganicfarmingdeliveredaloweroutputforeverycroptype,thoughthedifferencevariedwidely.Forcropslikefruittrees,organicfarmingtrailed(落后于)conventionalagriculturebyjust5%.Yetformajorgraincropsandvegetables—allofwhichprovidetheworld’smaincalories—conventionalagricultureoutperformedorganicfarmingbymorethan25%.Whatthatmeansisthatwhileorganicfarmingmaybemoresustainablethanconventionalagriculture,therearetrade-offs(此消彼長)witheach.Soanidealglobalagriculturesystemmayborrowthebestfrombothsystemsratherthanupholdingmerelyorganicorconventionalpractices.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。有機食品越來越受歡迎,人們認(rèn)為它們更健康、更美味。一個志向的全球農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)可以從有機農(nóng)業(yè)和傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)中獲得最好的利益,而不是僅僅支持有機或常規(guī)的做法。1.Whatdoweknowaboutconventionalfarming?A.Itproducesmorecropswithfewerfertilisers.B.Itachievesefficiencyatahugecosttotheenvironment.C.Ifoffersalong-termsolutiontoglobaldemandforfood.D.Itperformsfarbetterforeachcroptypethanorganicfarming.答案B解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段中的“Sincethemid-19thcentury,conventionalindustrialagriculturehasbecomeincrediblyefficientonasimplelandtofoodbasis.”和第三段最終一句“Thisalsomakesconventionalfarmingoneofthemajorthreatstotheenvironment.”可知,傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)業(yè)以犧牲環(huán)境的巨大代價來實現(xiàn)生產(chǎn)效率。2.Whatdoestheauthormostprobablyagreewith?A.Employingorganicfarmingtoplantrice.B.Adoptingorganicpracticestogrowpotatoes.C.Usingconventionalmethodstoplantcabbage.D.Applyingconventionalfarmingtogrowapples.答案C解析推理推斷題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段最終兩句“Forcropslikefruittrees,organicfarmingtrailedconventionalagriculturebyjust5%.Yetformajorgraincropsandvegetables—allofwhichprovidetheworld’smaincalories—conventionalagricultureoutperformedorganicfarmingbymorethan25%.”可知作者最可能同意用傳統(tǒng)的方法種植卷心菜。3.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.Tocomparetwotypesoffarming.B.Tocriticiseconventionalagriculture.C.Todiscussthedevelopmentoffarming.D.Toargueforarealisticagriculturesystem.答案D解析寫作意圖題。依據(jù)最終一段可知作者寫本文的目的是主見建立一個現(xiàn)實的農(nóng)業(yè)體系。B主題語境:人與社會科學(xué)與技術(shù)(2024全國Ⅰ卷)Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurther—changingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey’reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater.“We’rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,”explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsglow(發(fā)光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano’steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreesintoself-poweredstreetlamps.Inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant’slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff“switch”wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(電源)—suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway—alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(傳輸).Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了麻省理工學(xué)院開展的探討,力求用發(fā)光的植物代替日常用品的功能。用一般蔬菜來發(fā)光照亮房間,甚至將樹木變成自供電的街燈。4.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.B.Abigfallincrimerates.C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.答案D解析段落大意題。由文章第一段可知,一項探討發(fā)覺,城市綠化率越高的區(qū)域犯罪率越低;另一項探討發(fā)覺,工作環(huán)境有室內(nèi)植物裝飾時,員工的效率提高15%。由此可知,本段主要講綠色植物的好處。故選D項。5.WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineers?A.Todetectplants’lackofwater.B.Tochangecompositionsofplants.C.Tomakethe