上海師范大學附屬外國語中學2025屆高三（最后沖刺）英語試卷含解析

上海師范大學附屬外國語中學2025屆高三（最后沖刺）英語試卷請考生注意：1．請用2B鉛筆將選擇題答案涂填在答題紙相應位置上，請用0．5毫米及以上黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆將主觀題的答案寫在答題紙相應的答題區(qū)內。寫在試題卷、草稿紙上均無效。2．答題前，認真閱讀答題紙上的《注意事項》，按規(guī)定答題。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Theworldisnotalways______wewishittobe.A．that B．whichC．what D．where2．During______afternoon,therainbecamesmaller,buttowards__________evening,therewasasuddenlandslidethatburiedthevillage.A．/;the B．the;/ C．the;the D．a(chǎn)n;the3．Asisexpected,AIisanarea_______Chinamayappearasaleadingforce.A．that B．whereC．which D．when4．Thenewplaygroundtobebuiltnextyearwillbe____________theoldone.A．a(chǎn)sthreetimesbigasB．threetimesasbigasC．a(chǎn)sbigasthreetimesD．a(chǎn)sbigthreetimesas5．Howabout______plantoopenabranch?Ishouldsayitwas______failure.A．a(chǎn);a B．a(chǎn);/ C．the;/ D．the;a6．____________thefiercecompetitioninjobseeking,manyuniversitygraduateshavenochoicebuttoreducetheirowndemandforthesalary.A．FacedB．FacingC．TofaceD．Havingfaced7．Wereallyemphasizetheimportanceofputting______safeguardstopreventchildren’sidentitiesfromfallinginwrongpeople’shands.A．inplaceB．invainC．inquestionD．inearnest8．USslangishugely______thankstothemanydifferentethnicgroupsthathavesettledinthecountry.A．delicate B．dynamic C．diverse D．desperate9．WithWeChatPaycomingintowidespreaduse,ourhouseholdbillsareconvenient____.A．paying B．paid C．topay D．tobepaid10．—ThemovieTillDeathDoUsPart《最愛》willbeonat8pm．Whataboutpickingyouupat7pm?—Allright．Iwillhavecomebackfromworkbythen,andIyouathome．A．willbewaitingfor B．willwaitfor C．havebeenwaitingfor D．a(chǎn)mwaitingfor11．It’sstronglyadvisedthatsmokersnotbeallowedtosmokeinanyroom________babiescurrentlyoccupy.A．where B．whoseC．that D．a(chǎn)s12．Hewasforcedtospendanothernightattheairport____forhisplane.A．waitingB．beingwaitedC．waitedD．tobewaited13．Mycousininsistedthatshe______toAustraliaforfurtherstudy.Butthecompanyrefusedherapplication.A．sends B．willbesentC．besent D．wouldbesent14．Thenewsupermarkethasannouncedthatthefirsttopurchasegoodsontheopeningday________getabigprize.A．must B．shallC．would D．could15．––Youseemtobefamiliarwiththiscity.—I______hereforthreeyears.It’ssogreattobeback.A．livedB．hadlivedC．havelivedD．live16．Alotoffoodaswellassometents_________toYushusincetheearthquakeoccurred.A．hasbeentransported B．havebeentransportedC．isbeingtransported D．a(chǎn)retransported17．IthinkTomwillmakeagoodmonitor,________I’dliketovoteforhim.A．butB．forC．orD．so18．_______hisoverseasstudy,hewaseventuallyemployedbyhisdreamcompany.A．Havingcompleted B．CompletingC．Completed D．Tocomplete19．—CouldyoucheckmylisttoseeIhaveforgottenanything?—Noproblem.A．whetherB．whichC．thatD．what20．Wewerescaredtodeathwhenthefire______.Fortunately,itwasputoutbeforeitcausedmuchdamage.A．brokeout?? B．cameoutC．gaveout?? D．turnedout第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Beingattractiveisn’tusuallyconsideredmuchofadisadvantageintoday’sworld.Actually,thereistheendlesspotentialbenefitaboutit,butresearchershavefoundoneareathatbeingprettymakeslifeachallengesecuringyourselfaboring,low-payingjob.Thisstandsincontrasttoalargebodyofresearchthatattractiveness,ingeneral,helpscandidatesintheselectionprocess.Forthemostpartgoodlooksisablessing.Wetreatprettypeoplemorefavorablyingeneral,oftenvoteforthemmoreinelections,andpaythemmoreintheirprofessions.Theresearchsuggeststhatattractivepeoplemaybediscriminatedagainstinselectionforrelativelylessdesirablejobs.Researcherscarriedoutfourexperimentsinvolvingmorethan750participants,includinguniversitystudentsandmanagerswhomakehiringdecisionsintherealworld.Participantswereshownphotosoftwopotentialjobcandidates,oneattractiveandtheotherunattractive.Participantswerethenaskedaseriesofquestionsdesignedtomeasuretheiropinionsofthejobcandidatesandwhethertheywouldhirethesecandidatesforaless-than-desirablejob.Thelessdesirablejobsincludedawarehouseworker,housekeeper,customerservicerepresentativeandthemoredesirablejobsincludedthingslikeamanager,projectdirector,ITelite(精英).Inallexperimentswheretheywereasked,participantsweresignificantlylesslikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthelessdesirablejobandmorelikelytohiretheattractivecandidateforthemoredesirablejob.MsLeesaid,“Intheselectiondecisionforanundesirablejob,decisionmakersweremorelikelytochoosetheunattractiveindividualovertheattractiveindividual.Co-authorDrMadanPillutlasaid,“Itisinterestingthatdecisionmakersconsiderothers’opinionsintheirdecisions.Theythoughtthatattractiveindividualswouldwantbetteroutcomes,andthereforewouldbelesssatisfied,sotheyfavoredunattractivecandidateswhenselectingforalessdesirablejob.”Theresearchalsosuggeststheestablishedviewthatattractivecandidatesarefavoredwhenapplyingforjobsmightbelimitedtohigh-leveljobs.1、Whatdopeoplegenerallythinkofbeingattractive?A．Itisadisadvantage.B．Itisablessing.C．itisnotimportant.D．Ithasnothingtodowithjobs.2、WhatdoesParagraph3mainlytalkabout?A．TheparticipantsoftheexperimentB．TheimportanceoftheexperimentC．TheprocessoftheexperimentD．Theresultoftheexperiment.3、Anordinary-lookinggraduatemayhaveanadvantagewhenapplyingfor________.A．a(chǎn)managerB．a(chǎn)projectdirectorC．a(chǎn)warehouseworkerD．a(chǎn)nITelite4、Whyarelessattractiveapplicantspreferredforlessdesirablejobs?A．Becausetheyaremorehardworking.B．Becausetheywillbemoresatisfied.C．Becausetheyhavenorequirementsatall.D．Becausetheywillwantbetteroutcomes.5、Whichofthefollowingagreeswiththeresearch?A．Attractivepeoplearemorefitforhigh-leveljobs.B．Lessattractivepeopleareeasytofindhigh-leveljobs.C．Attractivepeoplecanalwaysbehiredwhenapplyingforjobs.D．Lessattractivepeoplecaneasilygethighlypaidiftheyworkhard.22．（8分）Scientistshavelongknownthatherbivores(食草動物)affecttheplantdiversityaroundthem.Inhighlyproductiveecosystems,likejungles,animalswouldfavordominant,fast-growingplants.Thiswouldfreeupnutrientsandspace,allowingforagreatervarietyofplantstoboom.Incontrast,herbivoresinregionswithlowplantbiomass,likedeserts,wouldeatwhatevertheycouldfind,onlydrivingdownplantdiversity.Now,ateamofscientistshastestedthishypothesis(假說).Burkepile,abiologyprofessorinUCSantaBarbara,andhiscolleaguesreviewed252studiescomparingplantdiversityinareaswhereherbivoreswereandwerenotexcluded.Theirstudyrevealedthatwhetherherbivoresincreaseordecreaseplantdiversitydependsonwhat’sonthemenu.Ingeneral,thecorrelation(相關性)betweenherbivoryanddiversitywasn’tnearlyasclearaseveryonehadexpected.However,theteamnoticedamuchstrongerassociation:whentheecosystemhostedaparticularlyvigorousspeciesofplant,herbivoryseemedtobecrucialinmaintainingbiodiversity.Forinstance,grasslandsinthetallgrassprairieintheAmericanMidwesttendtobedominated(控制)byfast-growinggrasses,suchasbigbluestem.Theteamdiscoveredthatherbivoreshadanoutsizedeffectonmaintainingbiodiversitybykeepingbigbluestemfromtakingoverdozensofsmaller,slowergrowingplantspecies.Howevernotallherbivoresareonanequalfoot.Theteamfoundthattheconnectionbetweenherbivoryanddiversitywasparticularlystrongingrasslandswheremoreanimalsfeedongrassthanonherbsandbushes.Thisseemsreasonable,sincegrassestendtobethedominantspeciesingrasslands,asthenamesuggests.Thesefindingsaremorethanacademic.“We’veseenthreedecadesofreallyimportantpaperssayingthatecosystemsworkbetterwhenyouhavemorespeciesinthem,”Burkepilesaid.“Whatourdatasuggestsisthatherbivoresareespeciallyimportantformaintainingthisbiodiversityinplaceswhereyouhaveareallydominantplantspecies.”Asbiodiversitycontinuestodeclineworldwide,conservationistsarelookingforwaystopreventcatastrophiclosses.“Thissuggeststhatonepossibleapproachtomanagingecosystemsandbiodiversityistouseherbivorestomanagethesedominantspecies,”Burkepileadded.1、AccordingtoParagraph1,howdoherbivoreshelptoincreasebiodiversity?A．Byconsumingdominant,fast-growingplants.B．Bydestroyingjunglesandfreeingupspace.C．Byaddingmorenutrientstothesoil.D．Byeatinguplowplantbiomass.2、TheunderlinedpartinParagraph3mostprobablyimpliesthat____________.A．herbivoryhasnothingtodowithbiodiversityinagivenecosystemB．herbivoresdecreasebiodiversityintallgrass-dominatedecosystemsC．smallanimalshelptoprotectbiodiversityingrasslandswithoutbushesD．thedegreetowhichherbivoresaffectbiodiversityisrelatedtoplantspecies3、Whatistheauthortryingtotellusinthelastparagraph?A．Thelimitationsofthenewstudy.B．Thepotentialapplicationofthenewstudy.C．Thecontradictionbetweenthepastviewandthenewfindings.D．Theimportanceofmaintainingecosystemsandbiodiversity.23．（8分）Thereisalotoftalkabout“brainpower.”Youdon’tusuallyhearaboutstomachpower.Asitturnsout,thestomachmightalsobeverypowerfulwithanewelectronicpillinsideit.Thenewelectronicpill,equippedwithaWi-Fitransmitter,isswallowedandcanharvestenergyfrominsideaperson’sownstomachtorecordcore（核心）bodytemperatureandthensendthehealthdatatoanoutsidemonitor.Themodelcanpoweritselffornearlyaweek—muchlongerthancurrentabsorbabledevices,whichareplacedinsidethebodyandonlycansharehealthinformationforlessthananhour.“Tomakethedeviceworkevenlonger,andseeifthestomach’sacidcouldpowerthedevice,weusedtinypiecesofcopperandzincforexperiments.”saidPhilipNadeau,anelectricalengineerwhodesignedthedevicetogether.TheWi-Fidevicesfitinsideacapsulebutunfoldwhentheyhitthestomachanddeliverdrugsforlongperiodsoftimebeforetheybreakdownandpassthroughthebody.ThisWi-Fipillcouldleadtofreshopportunitiesfordrugdeliveryorreal-timehealthmonitoringfrominsideorgans,saidGiovanniTraverso,adoctorandbiomedicalengineeratBrighamandWomen’sHospitalinBoston,whoc0-ledastudyofthepillpublishedrecentlyinNatureBiomedicalEngineering.Despiteourmanymedicaladvances,we’reprettybadatmeasuringcorebodytemperature.Arecentstudyof8,600patientsfoundthatthermometer（溫度計）readingsfromthemouthorskindidalousyjobofmeasuringcoretemperature.Gettinganaccuratetemperatureisimportant.TraversoandNadeauarealsoaimingtoshrink（縮?。﹖hepilltothesizeofatablet.“Temperaturetrackingisjustthefirstofmanywaysthemedicalcommunitycanusethedevice.”Traversethinks.1、WhatisWRONGabouttheWi-Fipill?A．TheWi-Fideviceispoweredbyitself.B．Thepillcansendhealthdatatothedoctor.C．Nadeauisthefirstonetodesignthepill.D．Thepillcanhelpmonitorpatients’health.2、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)ousy”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Accurate.B．Unimportant.C．Terrible.D．Traditional.3、WhatistheTraverso’sattitudetothefutureoftheWi-Fipill?A．Pessimistic.B．Unconcerned.C．Worried.D．Optimistic.4、Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．TheWi-Fipillistoobigforthepatientstoswallow.B．Thepillmayhelpthosewithotherdiseasesinthefuture.C．BodytemperatureistheonlyoneusefortheWi-Fipill.D．Thepillhasbeenusedinmanywaysinmedicalfield.24．（8分）WhenyousearchGoogleoruseAmazon,youmightassumetheresultsyouseearethesameasthoseviewedbyyourfriends,familyandotherInternetusers.Butyou’dbewrong.Websitesandsocialnetworkstrackyourlocationandsearchhistoryandmakeassumptionsaboutyourage,race,sexandpoliticalviews.Theythenshowadstheybelievetobethemostrelevant,inordertomaximizeclicks,butpersonalizewhichresultsyouseebyeliminatingwhattheythinkisirrelevant.Thisissoldtothepublicaspositive,makingeachwebsessionrelevantandinteresting,yetitisleadingresearcherstofearthiscouldwidendividesbetweentheNorthandSouth,richandpoor,andyoungandold.Forexample,intermsofwealth,ifusersareonlyevershownparticularproductsandjobadvertisementsbasedonhowmuchtheyearnorwheretheylive,theseuserswillneverbegiventheopportunitiestoincreasetheirwealth,orhowmuchtheyspendonitems.PrincetonUniversityhascreatedbots（自動程序）,eachwiththeirownfakeprofiles.Thesebotshavedifferentfakeagesandsexes,earndifferentlevelsofmoney,arevirtually(虛擬地)basedinvariouslocationsaroundtheworldandhavedifferentinterests.Byusingthesebotstoscanandresearchtheweb,theresearchershopetocreateapictureofnotonlywhateachofthemsees,butalsowhatsitestheyaremissingouton.Accordingtoleadresearcher,ArvindNarayanan,“Ourgoalisawebprivacycensus（普查）whichwillbeacomprehensivemapofwhoarecollectingwhatinformation,whattheyareinferringfromit,andwhotheyaresharingitwith.Itisanimportantstepinourfinalgoaloffiguringouthowusersaretreatedbasedonthatinformation.”Personalizationalsohasitsbenefits.ShoppingsitessuchasAmazonandeBaycanscanauser’ssearchandpurchasehistorytooffersuggestions.Thiscanhelpfindsimilar,cheaperitemsoritemsthataremoresuitedtotheirneedsataglance.It’salsopossibletodisablepersonalizedadsandresults.Google’ssearchengineletsyouswitchoffpersonalization,forexample.ResearchersfromtheUniversitatPompeuFabrainBarcelonaandYahoofelttheissuewassopotentiallydamaging,andtheyhavealsocreatedawayto“burstthefilter(過濾)bubble”.Theybelievethatjustbecausepeoplehaveopposingviewsoncertaintopicsitdoesn’tmeantheywon’tshareinterestswithothers.1、Theunderlinedword“eliminating”inParagraph1probablymeans“_______”.A．decoratingB．removingC．personalizingD．protecting2、PrincetonUniversitycreatedbotsto______.A．explainwhydifferentwebsitesarepersonalizedB．offeruserssomeadviceonhowtoprotectprivacyC．a(chǎn)ssesshowpersonalizationisaffectingInternetusersD．stresstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofpersonalizationofwebsites3、Whichofthefollowingwebsiteshavedonesomethingtocutoffpersonalization?A．GoogleandYahoo.B．eBayandGoogle.C．AmazonandeBay.D．AmazonandYahoo.4、Whatisthispassagemainlyabout?A．Differentwebsitesaredoingsomethingtoofferqualityservice.B．Personalizedadsandsearchresultscouldbecreatingdifferentwebpages.C．Personalizationofdifferentsiteswillleadtousers’privacybeingviolated.D．Personalizationofshoppingsitesmakesonlineshoppingmoreconvenient.25．（10分）BloodDrive&Marrow（骨髓）Registration“Thesepatientsdeserveachanceatanormalhappyfutureandtheyrelyonthekindnessofthestrangerstomakethathappen.”—Daisy,Isabelle’sMotherIsabelleisthedaughterofDaisyandSamanMirzaei.InJanuary2014Isabelle,12-year-old,wasdiagnosedwithageneticblooddisorder,betathalassemia.Isabelle’sbodyisunabletoproducehealthyredbloodcells.Asaresult,Isabellehasbeenreceivingbloodtransfusions(輸血)every4-6weekssinceshewas13yearsold.Alifetimeofregulartransfusionscanleadtoseriousmedicalproblems.Heronlychanceatanormal,healthylifeistohaveamarrowtransplant.Isabelleisonlyachild,sodoctorshavestartedasearchforanunrelatedmarrowdonorthroughTheMatchRegistry.TheMirzaeifamilyasksthatyouconsiderhelpingpatientslikeIsabellebyregisteringtobeamarrowdonorandgivethegiftoflife,thegiftofblood.HeldatWileyHallWednesday,March26BehindHeathmanDormitory/ButterfieldRd.12:00PM-6:00PMDon’tforgettobringyourdriver’slicenseoranotherformofidentificationwhenyoudonate.Visittomakeanappointment,SponsorCode3390.FREEKingstonPizza!!!MarrowDonors:●18to44yearsold●ingoodhealth●giveaswab(化驗標本)ofyourcheekcellsformarrowtyping●FREE—sponsoredbyMichael’sF800－283－8385TheRhodeIslandBloodCenterdistributesbloodproductstohospitalsinRhodeIslandandSouthernNewEngland.1、WhendidIsabellereceivethefirstbloodtransfusion?A．In2014.B．In2015.C．In2016.D．In20172、WhatisthepropersolutiontoIsabelle’sproblem?A．Tobeamarrowdonor.B．Tohaveamarrowtransplant.C．Toproducemorebloodcells.D．Tohavealifetimeofregulartransfusions.3、Whatisamustforthedonor?A．Beingasiudeni.B．Thesimilarexperience.C．Bringingidentification.D．Theswabofyourface.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）Markwasmuchaffectedwiththediscoveryinthemorning:hisbelovedviolin,oneofhisfew1andtheprimarysourceofhisliving,hadbeenstolen.Markishomeless.Foryears,he’sbeenafamiliarfacetolocalpeople,who’ve2hisviolin-playinginMetrostationsaroundthecity.Hesharedthebadnewsofhis3withhisfans,makingasimple4withthewords“ViolinStolen”.LittledidMarkknowthathissignwouldsoon5,inspiringanoutpouringof6fromtheverystrangershe’dbeenplayingmusicforyears.Awoman7MarkwithhissignandpostedthepictureonFacebook,whichsoon8theattentionofaMontrealorchestra.Theorchestra'smanagerJeanwasreally9byMark’sstory.“OhmyGod,thispoormanlosthisonlywayof10hispassion(熱情)toothers,”hesaid.“wehadtorealizethispersonwasnotjusta(n)11”12topurchaseanewviolinforMark,orchestramembers13outtoFrancisLapointe,owneroflocalviolinshop,whotoowaftmovedbyMark’s14,andwantedtohelp“put15backinhislife”.Heofferedtosellanewviolin16“Hewillhaveeverythingheneedstobeplayingagain.It’sagoodinstrumentandit'sgoingtoworkforyears,17,forMarktoenjoyhismusicandforustoenjoyhismusicalso.”WhenJeanfinallyhadthenewviolin18toMark,thehomelessman’stears19hischeeks.Anyactofkindnessisalightforthelessfortunate.Noactofkindness,howeversmall,isever20.Evenasimpleandawordofkindnesscanmakeabigdifference.1、A．possessionsB．goodsC．toolsD．violins2、A．helpedB．showedC．enjoyedD．trusted3、A．1ackB．disappearanceC．damageD．loss4、A．markB．symbolC．signD．gesture5、A．cameoutB．letoutC．camearoundD．gotaround6、A．wonderB．curiosityC．kindnessD．a(chǎn)nxiety7、A．ImpressedB．photographedC．sharedD．connected8、A．CaughtB．paidC．turnedD．fixed9、A．movedB．confusedC．a(chǎn)mazedD．bothered10、A．PuttingB．drawingC．leadingD．communicating11、A．somebodyB．a(chǎn)nybodyC．nobodyD．everybody12、A．EncouragedB．DeterminedC．AbleD．Ambitious13、A．foundB．heldC．reachedD．gave14、A．a(chǎn)dventureB．personalityC．feelingD．misfortune15、A．faithB．musicC．confidenceD．talent16、A．a(chǎn)tcostB．a(chǎn)thandC．onshowD．onsale17、A．graduallyB．hopefullyC．equallyD．generally18、A．deliveredB．a(chǎn)ddedC．a(chǎn)ttachedD．a(chǎn)pplied19、A．movedonB．tookonC．poureddownD．turneddown20、A．countedB．repaidC．lostD．wasted第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）語法填空Anewreportshowsthatelectronicbanking,Internetmarketingandotheronlineactivitiesarenolongerjustforpeopleinrichcountries.Thereport1．(come)fromtheInternationalTelecommunicationUnion(ITU),2．isanorganizationoftheUnitedNations.TheITUsaidthatall47oftheworld’sleastdevelopedcountriesaremakingprogressinincreasingInternetaccess3．theircitizens.Andmorethan60percentofthepeoplethereareabletousea3Gnetwork.Theterm3Gmeansthe4．(three)generationofwirelessmobiletelecommunicationstechnology.Thereportsaidthatbytheendof2017,about700millionpeopleintheleastdevelopedcountries5．(sign)upforaplanwithamobilephoneserviceprovider.Inthoseareas,80percentofthepopulationliveswithintherange(范圍)ofamobilecellularnetwork.Giventhisprogress,theITUpraisedthegrowthofdigitaltechnology.Itsaidtheworld’sleastdevelopedcountriesareontheirwayto6．(meet)theUN’sSustainableDevelopmentGoalsonuniversal(全體的)andaffordableInternetaccessby2020.TheITUsaiduniversalandlow-costInternetaccesscanhelp7．poorestcountriesmoveforwardinfieldslike8．(educate),healthandtrade.Whilethefindingssound9．(hope),thereportregardedthelackofdigitalskillsasabarrier(障礙)toinformationcommunicationtechnologyandInternetuseinpoorareas.TheITUcalledonpolicymakers,industryleadersandeducatorstoworktogether10．(increase)digitalskillsacrosstheleastdevelopedcountries.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文．文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處．錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改．增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（Λ），并在其下面寫出該加的詞．刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉．修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞．注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分．DearMs．Jenkins，I'mwritingtoaskforyouforhelp．I'mapplyingforapart-timejobintheoversea-fundedcorporation．Ithinkit'llbeanewlychallengetome．Moreover，dothepart-timejobcanletmegainsomepreciousexperiencesandhelpmebetteradapttothedevelopmentandchangesofsociety．I'vealreadywrotetheapplicati