新高考英語(yǔ)｜語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)之括號(hào)法突破長(zhǎng)難句 講解課件-2025屆高三英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期一輪復(fù)習(xí)專項(xiàng)

語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)之括號(hào)法突破長(zhǎng)難句①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué))ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.IamLiHua._____________________Iloveyou._____________________Icome._____________________Igaveyouanapple._____________________Youmakemehappy._____________________主系表主謂賓主謂主謂間賓直賓主謂賓賓補(bǔ)五大基本句型①I(mǎi)amLiHua.②IamLiHuafromGuangzhouNo.1MiddleSchool.③Iloveyou.④Iloveyouwithallmyheart.⑤AfterchattingwithLauraonthismatterfortwohoursfrom2:00to4:00intheafternoon,Ireturnedtomyoffice.我是來(lái)自廣州市第一中學(xué)的李華我全心全意地愛(ài)著你1、多了介詞結(jié)構(gòu)2、語(yǔ)序與中文不再一一對(duì)應(yīng)主要的修飾成分“三長(zhǎng)兩短一并列”“三長(zhǎng)：介詞結(jié)構(gòu)、從句、非謂語(yǔ)兩短：形容詞、副詞(一般不影響理解，略。如果太多影響理解，就刪除）一并列：并列結(jié)構(gòu)【定義】從介詞開(kāi)始到名詞（動(dòng)名詞、名詞性從句）結(jié)束、表達(dá)一個(gè)獨(dú)立的完整的含義的結(jié)構(gòu)。如：athome、intheschool、inthebeautifulpark、duringmyhappychildhood、overthelastfewyears、forthreeweeks.AfterchattingwithLauraonthismatterfortwohoursfrom2:00to4:00intheafternoon,Ireturnedtomyoffice.(1)介詞短語(yǔ)（括號(hào)標(biāo)記）(Afterchatting)(withLaura)(onthismatter)(fortwohours)(from2:00to4:00)(intheafternoon),Ireturned(tomyoffice).①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism),includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(1)括號(hào)標(biāo)記出所有的介詞短語(yǔ)①(Overthepastdecade),staying(insomebodyelse’shome),orsecondhome,(forashort-termbreak)hasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoal(ofthisbook)istomakethecase(fordigitalminimalism)(includingadetailedexplorationof

whatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’sright(foryou).Todoso,Idividedthebook(intotwoparts).③(Inpartone),Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations(ofdigitalminimalism),starting(withanexamination)(oftheforces)thataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,(beforemovingon)(toadetaileddiscussion)(ofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy).【定義】引導(dǎo)詞引導(dǎo)的主謂（賓、賓補(bǔ)）結(jié)構(gòu)【起止標(biāo)識(shí)】標(biāo)記從句時(shí)，一定從引導(dǎo)詞開(kāi)始，到以下四種終止。①

到___________終止，如：LiHuaisateacherwhoteachesEnglish.②

到___________終止，如：WhenIwasyoung,Ilistenedtotheradio.③

到________________終止，如：IwillinviteYaoMingwhowasatopbasketballplayertoBeijing.④到__________________終止，如YaoMingwhowasatopbasketballplayerisstudyinginShanghai.(2)從句（括號(hào)標(biāo)記）句尾逗號(hào)下一修飾成分下一謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism(數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義),includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué))ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(2)括號(hào)標(biāo)記出所有的從句①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoice(thatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)made)whenplanningtovisitacity.

②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism(數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義),includingadetailedexplorationof(whatitasks)and(whyitworks),andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué))(ifyoudecide)(thatit’sright)

foryou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforces(thataremaking)somanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable),beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(2)括號(hào)標(biāo)記出所有的從句【定義】由非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞開(kāi)頭的、表示一個(gè)獨(dú)立、完整的含義的結(jié)構(gòu)叫做非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。形式：todo,doing和done。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，而是充當(dāng)句子的其他成分?！酒鹬箻?biāo)識(shí)】標(biāo)記非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，從todo,doing或done開(kāi)頭，到以下四種情況終止。①到_________終止，如：LiHuaisateacherteachingEnglish.②到____________終止，如：ToimprovemyEnglish,IoftenlistentotheEnglishradio.③到___________________終止，如：Jackwalkedintothehall,wavingtotheaudience.④到___________________終止，如：We,singingahappysong,rodetoschool.(3)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)（括號(hào)標(biāo)記）句尾逗號(hào)下一修飾成分下一謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,

includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(3)括號(hào)標(biāo)記出所有的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)①Overthepastdecade,(stayinginsomebodyelse’shome),orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhen(planning)(tovisitacity).②Thegoalofthisbookis(tomakethecase)fordigitalminimalism,(includingadetailedexploration)ofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthen(toteachyou)how(toadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué)))ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.(Todoso),Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,(starting)withanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(3)括號(hào)標(biāo)記出所有的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)

【定義】平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)是指由并列詞and,or,but,aswell等將兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上含義相似、結(jié)構(gòu)相同的并列項(xiàng)連接起來(lái)構(gòu)成的結(jié)構(gòu)。【標(biāo)記方法】給平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)做標(biāo)記的要求是：給并列詞加方框，給并列項(xiàng)加下劃線。標(biāo)記時(shí)要先找到并列詞，然后再找并列項(xiàng)。在標(biāo)注形如A

and

B的平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí)，應(yīng)先找B

(即右并列項(xiàng))后找A

(即左并列項(xiàng))。平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)

標(biāo)注出常見(jiàn)的平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)①名詞并列：Iliketheboxplacedonthedeskandtheflowersinyourhand.②形容詞并列：Mr.Smithisakind,patientandknowledgeableEnglishteacher.③副詞并列：Youaresupposedtoanswerthefollowingquestionsquicklyandaccurately.④謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并列：WiththeInternet,peoplecannotonlyplaycomputergamesbutalsodoonlineshopping.⑤介詞短語(yǔ)并列：Andthatgovernmentofthepeople,bythepeopleandforthepeopleshallnotperishfromtheearth.⑥從句并列：I’vefinishedreadingthebook(whichiswrittenbyMoYan)and(whichyoulentmelastmonth).⑦非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞并列：Singingandlaughing,weheadedtothepark.⑧整句并列：Thechildrencangowithusortheycanstayathome.①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism,includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophyifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(4)方框、下劃線標(biāo)記出所有的平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)①Overthepastdecade,stayinginsomebodyelse’shome,orsecondhome,forashort-termbreakhasbecomethefirstchoicethatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)madewhenplanningtovisitacity.②Thegoalofthisbookistomakethecasefordigitalminimalism(數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義),includingadetailedexplorationofwhatitasksandwhyitworks,andthentoteachyouhowtoadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué))ifyoudecidethatit’srightforyou.Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③Inpartone,Idescribethephilosophicalfoundationsofdigitalminimalism,startingwithanexaminationoftheforcesthataremakingsomanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable,beforemovingontoadetaileddiscussionofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.(4)方框、下劃線標(biāo)記出所有的平行并列結(jié)構(gòu)把學(xué)案卷開(kāi)頭的幾個(gè)句子全部做好標(biāo)注①（_____________________________）(Overthepastdecade),(staying)(insomebodyelse’shome),orsecondhome,(forashort-termbreak)hasbecomethefirstchoice(thatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)made)when(planning)(tovisitacity.)②（____________________）Thegoal(ofthisbook)is(tomakethecase)(fordigitalminimalism(數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義)),(includingadetailedexploration)of(whatitasks)and(whyitworks),andthen(toteachyou)how(toadoptthisphilosophy(哲學(xué)))(ifyoudecide)(thatit’sright)(foryou.)Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③(Inpartone),Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations(ofdigitalminimalism),(starting)(withanexamination)(oftheforces)(thataremaking)somanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable),(beforemovingon)(toadetaileddiscussion)(ofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.)Toargue長(zhǎng)難句小節(jié)翻譯：(Overthepastdecade),(staying)(insomebodyelse’shome),

orsecondhome,(forashort-termbreak)hasbecomethefirstchoice(thatI(andmymates,andmymum,andhermates)made)when(planning)（tovisitacity.)過(guò)去的十年住在別人家里或第二個(gè)家短期休息已經(jīng)成為第一選擇我（和我的伙伴，以及我媽媽，和她的伙伴）做的當(dāng)計(jì)劃拜訪一個(gè)城市/去一個(gè)城市旅游在過(guò)去的十年里，短期住在別人家或第二家已經(jīng)成為我(和我的朋友們、我媽媽和她的朋友們)計(jì)劃游覽一個(gè)城市時(shí)的首選。Thegoal(ofthisbook)is(tomakethecase)(fordigitalminimalism)(includingadetailedexploration)of(whatitasks)and(whyitworks),

andthen(toteachyou)how(toadoptthisphilosophy)(ifyoudecide)(thatit’sright)(foryou.)目標(biāo)這本書(shū)的辯護(hù)/提供理由為數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義包含一個(gè)詳細(xì)的探索它要求什么和它為什么起作用和然后教你怎樣采取這種哲學(xué)如果你決定它是對(duì)的對(duì)你這本書(shū)的是目標(biāo)（一）是為數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義提供理由，（書(shū)里）包含了一個(gè)關(guān)于極簡(jiǎn)主義要求什么以及它為什么有效果的詳細(xì)探索，以及（目標(biāo)二是）教會(huì)你怎么采取這種哲學(xué)，如果你覺(jué)得數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義對(duì)你有用。進(jìn)行小節(jié)翻譯時(shí)，注意追問(wèn)，以及大的結(jié)構(gòu)Todoso,Idividedthebookintotwoparts.③(Inpartone),Idescribethephilosophicalfoundations(ofdigitalminimalism),(starting)(withanexamination)(oftheforces)(thataremaking)somanypeople’sdigitallivesincreasinglyintolerable),(beforemovingon)(toadetaileddiscussion)(ofthedigitalminimalismphilosophy.)第一部分我描述哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義的開(kāi)始以一個(gè)檢查，測(cè)試力量的那使得那么多人的數(shù)字生活越來(lái)越難以忍受在繼續(xù)之前一個(gè)詳細(xì)的數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義哲學(xué)的討論為了達(dá)到這樣的效果，我把書(shū)分成兩個(gè)部分。在第一部分中，我描述了數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義的哲學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，先檢查了使許多人的數(shù)字生活越來(lái)越難以忍受的力量，然后再繼續(xù)詳細(xì)討論數(shù)字極簡(jiǎn)主義哲學(xué)。自己做題時(shí)，不必翻譯到信達(dá)雅，能理解即可，注意before的靈活翻譯(2012年江蘇卷)TheDepartmentofAgriculturehasprogramsaimedatdevelopingmorefarmersandatincreasinginterestinlocallygrownfood.(2012年山東卷)Ifyoustartedtodryclothesinthemorningandforgottotakethemout,youcangotoyourphoneandrestartyourdryerforthetimewhenyoucomehome,soyourclothesarerefreshedandreadytogo.(2014新課標(biāo)1)Itwascalculatedthatwhenitspopulationreachitshighestpoint,thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequalto24to40percentofthetotalbirdpopulationintheUnitedStates,makingitperhapsthemostabundantbirdsintheworld.(2024天河區(qū)高二期末)Thecompanyislaunchinganewstyleofhomefordementia(癡呆)patientsthroughBoKlok,ajointenterprisewithaconstructioncompanythatmakessustainableandaffordablehousing.(2024天河區(qū)高二期末)Designadjustmentsincludetakingmirrorsanddark-coloredflooroutofbathroomsandfittingkitchenapplianceswithold-fashionedknobs,ratherthandigitalcontrols.Practicemakesperfect(2012年江蘇卷)TheDepartment(ofAgriculture)hasprograms(aimed)(atdevelopingmorefarmers)and(atincreasinginterest)(inlocallygrownfood.)(2012年山東卷)(Ifyoustarted)(todryclothes)(inthemorning)andforgot(totakethemout),youcango(toyourphone)andrestartyourdryer(forthetime)(whenyoucomehome),(soyourclothesarerefreshedandready(togo).(2014新課標(biāo)1)Itwascalculatedthat(whenitspopulationreachitshighestpoint),thereweremorethan3billionpassengerpigeons—anumberequal(to24to40percent)(ofthetotalbirdpopulation)(intheUnitedStates),(making)

itperhapsthemostabundantbirds(intheworld).(2024天河區(qū)高二期末)Thecompanyislaunchinganewstyle(ofhome)(fordementia(癡呆)patients)(throughBoKlok),ajointenterprise(withaconstructioncompany)(thatmakessustainableandaffordablehousing).(2024天河區(qū)高二期末)Designadjustmentsinclude(takingmirrorsanddark-coloredfloor)(outofbathrooms)and(fittingkitchenappliances)(withold-fashionedknobs),(ratherthandigitalcontrols).1.農(nóng)業(yè)部有一些項(xiàng)目；旨在培養(yǎng)更多的農(nóng)民，提高人們對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)胤N植食品的興趣。2.如果你早上開(kāi)始烘干衣服并忘了把它們拿出來(lái)，那么你可以用手機(jī)重新啟動(dòng)烘干機(jī)，這樣在你回到家的時(shí)候，衣服已經(jīng)重新烘干并可以取出來(lái)了。3.據(jù)計(jì)算，當(dāng)它的數(shù)量達(dá)到最高點(diǎn)時(shí)，有超過(guò)30億只候鴿——這個(gè)數(shù)字相當(dāng)于美國(guó)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)總數(shù)的24%到40%，使它可能成為世界上數(shù)量最多的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。4.該公司通過(guò)BoKlok推出了面向癡呆癥患者的新型住宅,

BoKlok是一家與生產(chǎn)可持續(xù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)適用的住房的建筑公司合資的企業(yè)。5.設(shè)計(jì)上的調(diào)整包括把浴室里的鏡子和深色地板去掉，把廚房電器換成老式的旋鈕，而不是數(shù)字控制。參考譯文However,whilemuchfocushasbeenonimprovingaccesstotechnologyforstudents,anareaofdigitalequitythatoftengetsneglectedishowparentsareexpectedtoengagewiththeirchildren’sschools.Parentswhoknowwhatishappeningintheclassroomarebetterequippedtohelptheirchildrensucceedandcancombinelearningathomewithlearningatschool.Parentswhodonothavesmartphonesorpersonalcomputersshouldhavethesameaccesstotheirchildren’steachersasparentswiththelatesttechnology.然而，雖然很多人都在關(guān)注如何改善學(xué)生獲得技術(shù)的機(jī)會(huì)，但數(shù)字公平的一個(gè)領(lǐng)域往往被忽視，那就是家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)該如何與孩子的學(xué)校互動(dòng)。研究表明，家庭投入的學(xué)生成績(jī)更高，適應(yīng)更快，有更好的行為和社交技巧。了解課堂情況的家長(zhǎng)更有能力幫助孩子取得成功，并能將在家學(xué)習(xí)與學(xué)校學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)合起來(lái)。?沒(méi)有智能手機(jī)或個(gè)人電腦的父母應(yīng)該像擁有最新科技的父母一樣，有機(jī)會(huì)接觸到孩子的老師。Inaddition,platformsthatfocuson“blast”and“mass”typesofmessagingaresufficientfordistributinginformationrelatedtoanentireclassroomorschoolbutmissthemark沒(méi)成功

ondevelopingmeaningfulrelationshipswithindividualparentsandcreatingrealengagingopportunities.Positiveschool-homerelationshipsmustgetsupportedasequitablecommunicationisthepathwaytoengagingallparentsinhelpingstudentsachievemoresuccess.此外，專注于“爆炸”和“大眾”類(lèi)型信息的平臺(tái)足以傳播與整個(gè)教室或?qū)W校相關(guān)的信息，但卻無(wú)法與個(gè)別家長(zhǎng)建立有意義的關(guān)系，也無(wú)法創(chuàng)造真正互動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)。積極的學(xué)校與家庭關(guān)系必須得到支持，因?yàn)楣降臏贤ㄊ亲屗屑议L(zhǎng)參與幫助學(xué)生取得更大成功的途徑。把長(zhǎng)難句中的“三長(zhǎng)兩短”“一并列”找出，做好標(biāo)記后，分小括號(hào)翻譯，利用提問(wèn)回答方式進(jìn)行翻譯和理解。1.介詞短語(yǔ)，從介詞開(kāi)始到介詞之后的第一個(gè)名詞結(jié)束。2.從句：從連詞開(kāi)始，到句尾、或逗號(hào)、或下一修飾成分、或下一謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)束。3.非謂語(yǔ)：從todo/doing/done開(kāi)始，到到句尾、或逗號(hào)、或下一修飾成分、或下一謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞結(jié)束。4.并列結(jié)構(gòu)：找并列詞and,or,but,aswell等等，劃并列項(xiàng)。在

AandB的結(jié)構(gòu)里，先找B(即右并列項(xiàng))后找A(即左并列項(xiàng))。SummaryWhileteenagerswhoareatriskofdepressionwithriskybeh