2024年護理專業(yè)英語考試題庫

1.Anursehasbeenworkingwithabatteredwomanwhoisbeingdischargedbyherhusband.Thenursesays,“Allthisworkwithherhasbeenuseless.She'sjustgoingbacktohimasusual.”whichofthefollowingstatementsbyanursingcolleaguewouldbemosthelpfultothisnurse?A."Herreasonsforstayingarecomplex.Shecanleaveonlywhensheisreadyandcanbesafe."B.“Iknowitisfrustratingtoworkwithclientswhodon'tfollowouradvice."C."Youdidyourbest.Youwillseeheragainandhaveanotherchance."D.“Thesewomenalmostneverleaveforgoodbecauseoftheiremotionalandfinancialdependency."正確答案:A解析：1.一名護士一直在和一名被丈夫出院的受虐婦女一起工作。護士說：“所有這些和她的工作都毫無用處。她只是像往常一樣回到他身邊?！币韵伦o理同事的哪些陳述對這個護士最有幫助？A.“她留下來的理由很復(fù)雜。她只有在準備好并且能夠安全后才能離開?！盉.“我知道，與那些不聽從我們建議的客戶合作是令人沮喪的。”C."你已經(jīng)盡力了。你會再見到她，還有一次機會。”D."這些女性，因為她們的情感和經(jīng)濟依賴，幾乎從不永遠離開。”答：A

2.Thenurseinacommunityhospitalhasbeennotifiedthata6-month-oldinfantisbeingadmittedfromtheemergencydepartmentwithdehydrationsecondarytoviralgastroenteritis.Whichofthefollowingroomassignmentsisthemostappropriateforthisinfant?A.Asemiprivateroomwithan8-year-oldchildwhohashadanappendectomy.B.Asemiprivateroomwithal0-year-oldchildwithaclosedheadinjury.C.Aprivateroom.D.Asemiprivateroomwitha4-year-oldchildwithleukemia.正確答案:C解析：2.一家社區(qū)醫(yī)院的護士已得到通知，一名6個月大的嬰兒因病毒性胃腸炎所致的脫水而從急診科入院。以下哪一種房間作業(yè)最適合這個嬰兒？A.一間8歲闌尾切除術(shù)的半私人房間。B.一間半私人房間，有一個10歲的孩子頭部閉合受傷。C.私人房間。D.一間帶有一名4歲白血病患兒的半私人房間。答案：C

3.Forwhichofthefollowingwouldthenursebeespeciallyalertwhencaringforatermneonatewhoweighed10poundsatbirth,1hourafteravaginaldelivery?A.Hyperglycemia.B.Hypercalcemia.C.Hypermagnesemia.D.Hyperbilirubinemia.正確答案:D解析：3.在照顧陰道分娩1小時后體重10磅的足月新生兒時，護士會特別警惕？A.高血糖。B.高鈣血癥。C.高鎂血癥。D.高膽紅素血癥。答案：D

4.Afemaleclientwithinfertilityrelatedtoanovulatorycyclesisprescribedmenotropins(Pergonal).Whichofthefollowing,ifstatedbytheclientasapossibleadverseeffectofthismedicationindicatessuccessfulteaching?A.Pulmonaryedema.B.Ovarianenlargement.C.Visualdisturbances.D.Breasttenderness.正確答案:B解析：4.與無排卵周期相關(guān)的女性不孕患者使用膜蛋白（妊娠）。如果客戶聲明該藥物可能產(chǎn)生的副作用，以下哪一種表明教學(xué)成功？A.肺水腫。B.卵巢腫大。C.視覺干擾。D.乳房壓痛。答：B

5.Afamilyhasbeennotifiedthattheirsonisbraindead,andthephysicianhasdiscussedthepossilbilityofdonatingorgans.ThenurseisawarethatthereferralsourcesresponsiblefororganrecoveryintheUnitedStatesaretheA.OrganandTissueProcurementOrganizations.B.AmericanTransplantAssociation.C.AmericanHospiceFoundation.D.AmericanAssociationofCriticalCareNurses.正確答案:A解析：一個家庭被告知他們的兒子已經(jīng)腦死亡，醫(yī)生也討論了捐獻器官的可能性。護士知道，在美國，負責器官恢復(fù)的轉(zhuǎn)診來源是A.器官和組織采購組織。B.美國移植協(xié)會。C.美國臨終關(guān)懷基金會。D.美國重癥監(jiān)護護士協(xié)會。答：A

6.Thenurseisinvolvedinpreoperativeteachingwithaclientwhowillbeundergoingalungresection,Theclientistoldthattwochesttubeswillbeplacedduringsurgery.ThenurseexplainsthatthepurposeofthelowerchesttubeistoA.preventclots.B.removeair.C.removefluid.D.facilitatemilkingofthetubes.正確答案:C解析：6.護士參與術(shù)前教學(xué)，病人將接受肺切除術(shù)，客戶被告知手術(shù)期間將放置兩根胸管。護士解釋說，下胸管的目的是為了A.防止凝塊。B.清除空氣。C.清除液體。D.便于管子的擠奶。答案：C

7.DepressioninanolderadultdiffersfromdepressioninayoungerpersonbecauseA.sadnessofmoodisusuallypresentbutitismaskedbyothersymptoms.B.impairmentofcognitionusuallyisnotpresent.C.psychosomatictendenciesdonottendtodominate.D.traditionalantidepressanttherapiesarelesseffective.正確答案:A解析：7.老年人的抑郁癥不同于年輕人的抑郁癥是因為A.情緒的悲傷通常存在的，但它被其他癥狀所掩蓋。B.認知功能障礙通常不存在。C.心身傾向并不占主導(dǎo)地位。D.傳統(tǒng)的抗抑郁療法的效果較差。答：A

8.AprimaryconcernofthehospitaladolescentwouldbeA.respectfortheneedforprivacy.B.allowingfriendstovisitafterhours.C.wearingahospitalgown.D.thefearoflossofcontrolwheninpain.正確答案:D解析：8.醫(yī)院青少年的一個主要關(guān)注點將是A.尊重對隱私的需要。B.允許朋友在下班后去拜訪。C.穿著一件住在醫(yī)院的禮服。D.對在疼痛時失去控制的恐懼。答案：D

9.A20-year-oldsingleparentbringsher3-year-oldsonintotheemergencydepartmentbecausehefell.Thechildhasbruisesonhisface,armsandlegs.Hismothersaysthatshedidnotwitnessthefall.Thenursesuspectschildabuse.Whileexaminingthechild,themothersays,“SometimesIguessIamprettyroughwithhim.IamaloneandIjustdon’tknowhowtomanagehim.”Thenursewouldanticipatereferringthemothertowhichofthefollowingtypesofprograms?A.Aprogramforsingleparents.B.Aparentingeducationprogram.C.Awoman'ssupportgroup.D.Asupportgroupforabusiveparents.正確答案:B解析：9.一位20歲的單親媽媽把她3歲的兒子帶進了急診科。這孩子的臉上、胳膊和腿上都有瘀傷。他的母親說她沒有目睹這次墜落。護士懷疑是虐待兒童。在檢查孩子時，母親說：“有時候我想我對他很粗暴。我一個人，我只是不知道如何管理他?！弊o士會期待把母親轉(zhuǎn)介到以下哪一種類型的項目中？A.一個針對單親父母的計劃。B.一個育兒教育計劃。C.一個婦女的支持小組。D.一個支持虐待性父母的支持小組。答：B

10.Themotherof2-year-oldchildwhohasbeenbittenbythefamilydogasksthenursewhattodoaboutthebite.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriaterecommendationtothismother?A.Youneedtotakethechildtothelocalurgentcarecenterimmediately.B.Washthebiteareawithlotsofrunningwaterandthenchecktheinjury..C.Determinewhenthechild'slatesttetanusvaccinewasadministered.D.Makeanappointmenttoseethechild'sphysiciannowtostartrabiesshots.正確答案:B解析：10.被家庭狗咬傷的兩歲孩子的母親問護士該如何處理。以下哪一個將是對這位母親最合適的建議？A.你需要立即把孩子送到當?shù)氐募本戎行?。B.用大量的自來水清洗咬合區(qū)，然后檢查受傷情況。C.確定何時接種該兒童最新的破傷風(fēng)疫苗。D.現(xiàn)在預(yù)約看孩子的醫(yī)生開始注射狂犬病。答：B

11.Patientwhohasdiabetesexperiencesweaknessandtremors.Whichofthefollowingactionswouldanursetakefirst?A.Obtainingaurinespecimenfromtheclient.B.Givingtheclientaconcentratedsourceofglucose.C.Checkingtheclient'smostrecentbloodglucoselevel.D.Administeringtheclient'sprndoseofinsulin.正確答案:C解析：糖尿病患者會出現(xiàn)虛弱和震顫。護士會先采取以下哪些行動？A.從病人那里獲取尿液標本。B給客戶提供一個濃縮的葡萄糖來源。C.檢查客戶最近的血糖水平。D.給予客戶的prn劑量的胰島素。

12.Anurseisgivinginstructionsabouttheuseofinhalantmedicationstoaclientwhohasasthma.Whichofthefollowingstatements,ifmadebytheclient,indicatesthattheclientunderstandstheinstructions?A."IwillusethesteroidinhaleronehourbeforeIusethebronchodilator."B.“IwillusethebronchodilatorbeforeIusethesteroidinhaler.”C.“Ineedtotakethesemedicationsonehouraftereachmeal.”D.“Ineedtoalternatethesequenceofinhaleradministrations.”正確答案:B解析：2.一名護士正在給患有哮喘的病人說明吸入劑藥物的使用。以下哪項陳述，表明客戶理解指令？A.“我會在使用支氣管擴張劑前一小時使用類固醇吸入器?！盉.“在我使用類固醇吸入器之前，我會使用支氣管擴張器。”C."每飯一小時后我需要服用這些藥物?！盌."我需要交替使用吸入器的順序?！贝穑築

13.Whichofthefollowinginstructionsshouldanurseincludeinthedischargeteachingforaclient,whohasbeendiagnosedwithhepatitisB?A."Avoidalcoholicbeverages."B."Consumeadietlowinfat."C."Stayinadarkenedroom"D."Takeacetaminophen(Tylenol)forheadache."正確答案:A解析：3.一名被診斷為乙型肝炎的病人在出院教學(xué)中應(yīng)包括以下哪些說明？A.“避免酒精飲料?！盉.“吃低脂肪的飲食?！盋."呆在一個黑暗的房間里?！盌."服用對熱息痛氨基酚（泰諾）來治療頭痛?！贝穑篈

14.Anurseteachespursed-lipbreathingtoaclientwhohaschronicobstructivepulmonarydisease(COPD).Whichofthefollowingstatementindicatestheclientunderstandstheinstructions?A."Iwillmaintainasupinepositionduringtheexercises."B."Iwillalternatepositionsduringtheexercises."C."IwillexhalefortwiceaslongasIinhale."D."Iwillinhaleandexhalethroughmynose."正確答案:C解析：4.一名護士向患有慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）的病人教授噘嘴呼吸。以下哪一項陳述表明客戶理解這些指令？A.“我會在練習(xí)過程中保持仰臥位?！盉.“我將在演習(xí)中交替位置?！盋."我呼氣的時間是我吸氣的時間的兩倍?！盌."我會通過鼻子吸氣和呼氣?！贝鸢福篊

15.Whenaclienthasanepisodeofepistaxis,whichofthefollowingactionswouldanursetakefirst?A.Applyingicetothebackoftheclient'sneckB.Tippingtheclientbackwardandencourageswallowing.C.Determiningiftheclienthasahistoryofhypertension.D.Havingtheclientleanforwardandpinchthenose正確答案:D解析：當病人出現(xiàn)鼻出血時，護士會先采取以下哪些措施？A.在客戶的脖子后面敷上冰B.向客戶倒倒，鼓勵吞咽。C.確定患者是否有高血壓病史。D.讓客戶向前傾，捏捏鼻子答案：D

16.Whena12-year-oldchildhasadiagnosisofappendicitis,whichofthefollowingmanifestationswouldbemostimportantforthenursetofollow?A.Tympanictemperatureof101.2F(38.4℃)B.Absenceofstoolfor24hours.C.Nauseawhenexposedtofoododors.D.Cessationofabdominalpain.正確答案:D解析：當一個12歲的孩子被診斷為闌尾炎時，以下哪一種表現(xiàn)將是護士最重要的隨訪？A.鼓室溫度為101.2華氏度（38.4℃）B.24小時無大便。C.暴露在食物的氣味下會感到惡心。D.停止腹痛。答案：D

17.Whichofthefollowingstatements,ifmadebyaclientdiagnosedwithschizophreniaindicatestoanursethattheclientneedsadditionalinstructionregardinghaloperidol(Haldol)?A."IcanstopmymedicinewhenIdon'thearthevoicesanymore."B."I'lltakemycogentinifmyneckfeelsstiff."C."I'mgoingtoeatbrancerealeverymorning"D."IhavetowearahatwhenIgotothebeach."正確答案:A解析：如果診斷為精神分裂癥的客戶表明客戶需要關(guān)于氟哌啶醇（氟哌啶醇）的額外指導(dǎo)？A.“當我再也沒有聽到這些聲音時，我就可以停藥了?！盉.“如果我的脖子僵硬，我就拿我的認知?！盋."我要每天早上都吃麥麩麥片?！盌."我去海灘時必須戴上帽子?！贝穑篈

18.Aclientwhohadallacutemyocardialinfarctioncomplainsofseveresub-sternalpain.Whichofthefollowingnursinginterventionswouldbemostappropriate?A.Administeringtheprescribedmorphine.B.Obtaininganelectrocardiogram.C.Encouragingslow,deepbreathing.D.Eliminatingenvironmentalstressors.正確答案:A解析：所有有急性心肌梗死的病人主訴嚴重的胸骨下疼痛。以下哪種護理干預(yù)措施最合適？A.使用規(guī)定的嗎啡。B.獲得一個心電圖。C.鼓勵緩慢、深的呼吸。D.消除環(huán)境壓力源。答：A

19.Whichofthefollowingstatementsifmadebyaclientwhohasgastroesophagealrefluxdisease(GERD),wouldsupportanursingdiagnosisofknowledgedeficit?A.'I’llliedownfor30minutesaftermeals."B.'I’llrestrictspicyfoodsinmydiet."C."Ishouldsleepwiththeheadofthebedelevated."D."Ishoulddecreasemyintakeofcaffeine."正確答案:A解析：如果是由患有胃食管反流?。℅ERD）的患者提出的，以下哪些陳述將支持知識缺陷的護理診斷？A.“飯后我將躺下30分鐘?！盉.“我會限制我的飲食中的辛辣食物?！盋."我應(yīng)該抬起床頭睡覺?！盌."我應(yīng)該減少咖啡因的攝入量?！贝穑篈

20.Toreducetheriskoffetalneuraltubedefects,anursewouldaddwhichofthefollowingnutrientsupplementstothechild-bearingwoman'sdiet?A.Ferroussulfate(Feosol).B.Calciumcarbonate(Tums).C.Folicacid(Folvite).D.Ascorbicacid(VitaminC).正確答案:C解析：為了減少胎兒神經(jīng)管缺陷的風(fēng)險，護士會在育齡婦女的飲食中添加以下哪些營養(yǎng)補充劑？A.硫酸亞鐵（Feosol）。B.碳酸鈣（Tums）。C.葉酸（葉酸）。D.抗壞血酸（維生素C）。答案：C

21.Topromoteoptionalfunctioninapatientwhohasrheumatoidarthritis,whichofthefollowinginstructionsshouldanurseincludeintheclient'srehabilitationplan?A.Applyicetoaffectedjoints.B.Massagejointswheninflamed.C.Performdailyweight-bearingexercisesD.immobilizepainfuljoints.正確答案:C解析：1.為了促進類風(fēng)濕性關(guān)節(jié)炎患者的可選功能，護士應(yīng)該在客戶的康復(fù)計劃中包括以下哪些說明？A.在受影響的關(guān)節(jié)上敷上冰。B.當關(guān)節(jié)發(fā)炎時，可以按摩關(guān)節(jié)。C.進行日常的負重練習(xí)D.固定疼痛的關(guān)節(jié)。答案：C

22.Whichofthefollowingsafetymeasuresshouldanurseteachtoaclientwhoisreceivingtreatmentwithsodiumiodide1131(Iodotope)?A.Flushthetoilettwiceafterurinating.B.Weargloveswhilepreparingfood.C.Limitexposuretodirectsunlight.D.Disinfecteatingutensilsafteruse.正確答案:A解析：2.護士應(yīng)該向正在接受碘化鈉1131（碘多波圖）治療的客戶傳授以下哪些安全措施？A.小便后沖進馬桶兩次。B在準備食物時要戴上手套。C.限制暴露在陽光直射下。D.使用后消毒。答：A

23.Whichofthefollowingstatementsifmadebyaclient,indicatesthattheclientunderstandstheprimarycauseofpepticulcerdisease?A."Aspicydietcontributestoulcerdevelopment."B."Seasonalchangesareassociatedwithulcerdisease."C.”Exeutivejobpositionspredisposepeopletoulcerformation.”D."Infectionwithhelicobacterpyloricausesulcers:'正確答案:D解析：3.以下客戶所做的哪些陳述表明客戶了解消化性潰瘍疾病的主要原因？A.“辛辣的飲食會導(dǎo)致潰瘍的發(fā)展?！盉.“季節(jié)性的變化與潰瘍疾病有關(guān)?！盋."連續(xù)的工作崗位使人們更容易形成潰瘍?！盌."幽門螺桿菌感染會導(dǎo)致潰瘍：”答案：D

24.Whichofthefollowingfoods,ifchosenbyaclientwhoistakingamonoamineoxidaseinhibitor(MAOl),indicatesthattheclientisfollowingtheprescribeddiet?A.Prunes.B.Agedcheese.C.Freshvegetables.D.Sausage.正確答案:C解析：4.如果一個正在服用單胺氧化酶抑制劑（MAOl）的客戶選擇了以下哪一種食物，則表明該客戶正在遵循規(guī)定的飲食？A.修剪。B陳釀奶酪。C.新鮮蔬菜。D.香腸。答案：C

25.Aclientsaystothenurse,"Iwanttotellyousomething,butyoumustnottellanyoneelse."WhichofthefollowingresponsebythenurseisthemostappropriateA."I'mgladyoucantrustme."B."Ihavetorevealanythingthatwouldbeessentialtoyourtreatment."C."Thenurseandclienthaveaspecialrelationship."D."Iambondtokeepsecretbecauseofconfidentiality."正確答案:B解析：5.一位客戶對護士說：“我想告訴你一些事，但你不能告訴其他人?！弊o士的下列哪一種反應(yīng)是最合適的A.“我很高興你能相信我?！盉.“我必須透露任何對你的治療至關(guān)重要的事情?！盋."護士和病人有一種特殊的關(guān)系?！盌."由于保密的原因，我必須保密?！贝穑築

26.Threehoursafterreceivingallinsulininjection(RegularInsulin),aclientisdiaphoretic.Whichofthefollowingactionsshouldthenursetakefirst?A.HelptheclienttoputonadrynightgownB.Asktheclientforaurinespecimen.C.Givetheclientaglassofjuicedrink.D.Instructtheclienttostayinbeduntilseenbythephysician.正確答案:C解析：6.在接受所有胰島素注射（常規(guī)胰島素）3小時后，病人出現(xiàn)透析。護士應(yīng)該先采取以下哪些措施？A.幫客戶穿上干睡衣B.向病人索要尿液樣本。C.給客戶一杯果汁飲料。D.指示病人躺在床上，直到由醫(yī)生診治。答案：C

27.Aclienthasjustbeenhospitalizedfortreatmentofnursecompulsivehandwashing.Thenurseshouldinterveneifstaffwhichmembersareseenbehavinginofthefollowingways?A.Talkingtooneanotherwithintheclient'sview.B.Changingtheclient'sroutine.C.Turingawayfromtheclient.D.Touchingtheclient.正確答案:B解析：7.一名病人剛剛住院治療護士強迫性洗手。如果工作人員看到哪些成員有以下行為，護士應(yīng)該進行干預(yù)？A.在客戶的視野內(nèi)相互交談。B.更改客戶端的例程。C.圖靈遠離客戶。D.觸摸客戶端。答：B

28.AclientwhohasKaposi'ssarcomahasallofthefollowingnursingdiagnosis.Towhichoneshouldthenursegivepriority?A.Alteredthoughtprocessesrelatedtolesions.B.Alteredhealthmaintenancerelatedtononcompliance.C.Alterednutritionrelatedtoanorexialessthanbodyrequirements.D.Hopelessnessrelatedtoinabilitytocontroldiseaseprocess正確答案:D解析：8.一個患有卡波西肉瘤的病人有所有以下的護理診斷。護士應(yīng)該優(yōu)先考慮哪一個問題嗎？A.與病變相關(guān)的思維過程的改變。B.與不合規(guī)相關(guān)的健康維護的改變。C.與厭食癥相關(guān)的營養(yǎng)改變低于身體需求。D.絕望與無法控制疾病的過程有關(guān)答案：D

29.Aclientwhohaslowbackpainsaystoanurse,"Ifeelthepaindowntomyankle."Whichofthefollowingactionswouldthenursetakefirst?A.Teachmuscle'srelaxingexercises.B.Encouragefrequentrestperiods.C.Assesssensationofthelowerextremities.D.Administertheprescribedpainmedication正確答案:C解析：9.一位患有腰痛的病人對護士說：“我感到疼痛到腳踝?！弊o士會先采取以下哪些行動？A.教肌肉的放松練習(xí)。B.鼓勵頻繁的休息時間。C.評估對下肢的感覺。D.管理處方的止痛藥答案：C

30.Whichofthefollowingstatements,ifmadebyaclientwhobadatotalhipreplacement,wouldindicatetoanursethatthedischargeteachinghasbeeneffective?A."Iwillneedtobuyanexercisebike."B."Icanbendtotiemyshoelaces."C."Icansitwithmylegscrossedattheknee."D."Iwillneedtomakemytoiletseathigher."正確答案:D解析：10.如果是一個做了全髖關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的病人，以下哪些陳述會向護士表明出院教學(xué)是有效的？A.“我需要買一輛健身自行車?！盉.“我可以彎下腰去系鞋帶?！盋."我可以雙腿交叉著膝蓋。”D."我需要讓我的馬桶座圈更高?！贝鸢福篋

31.AnadolescentwithBulimianervosawasadmittedtothepsychiatricunit.Whichactionisfocusedonclient'snutritionalneeds?A.Encouragetheadolescenttoexpressofhisfeelingabouthospitalization.B.Encouragetheadolescenttotakefavoritefoodtothehospital.C.staywiththeadolescentatmealtimeandonehourafter.D.Weightheadolescenteverymorning.正確答案:C解析：1.一名患有神經(jīng)性貪食癥的青少年進入了精神病院。哪些行動主要集中于客戶的營養(yǎng)需求？A.鼓勵青少年表達他對住院治療的感受。B.鼓勵青少年帶著他們最喜歡的食物去醫(yī)院。C.在用餐時間和一小時后和青少年呆在一起。D.每天早上稱重這個青少年。答案：C

32.Anurseisreadingaphysician'sprogressnotesintheclient'srecordandreadsthatthephysicianhasdocumented"insensiblefluidlossofapproximately800mldaily".ThenurseunderstandsthatthistypeoffluidlosscanoccurthroughA.thegastrointestinal(GI)tract.B.urinaryoutputC.wounddrainage.D.theskin正確答案:D解析：2.一名護士正在閱讀病人記錄中的醫(yī)生的進展記錄，并看到醫(yī)生記錄了“每天大約800毫升的麻木的液體流失”。護士知道這種類型的液體流失可以通過A.胃腸道（GI）。B.尿排出量C.傷口引流。D.皮膚答案：D

33.Aclientwithahistoryofaseizuredisorderwhohasbeencompliantwithmedicationtherapyisadmittedtothehospitalwithseizureactivity.Phenytoin(Dilantin)isadministeredtotheclientbytheIVpushroute,andsubsequentlyaserumphenytoinlevelisdrawn.AnurseevaluatesthatthemedicationtherapyhasbeenmosteffectiveifthelaboratoryresultisA.3μg/ml.B.8μg/ml.C.16μg/ml.D.24g/ml正確答案:C解析：3.有癲癇病史的病人已接受藥物治療，因癲癇活動入院。苯妥英（苯妥英）通過靜脈注射給藥，隨后繪制血清苯妥英水平。如果實驗室結(jié)果是，護士評估藥物治療是最有效的A.3μg/ml.B.8μg/ml.C.16μg/ml.D.24g/ml答案：C

34.Aclientwithatrialfibrillationwhoisreceivingmaintenancetherapyofwarfarinsodium(Coumadin)hasaprothrombintime(PT)of30seconds.OnthebasisofthePTlevel,anurseanticipateswhichofthefollowingorders?A.Holdingthenextdoseofwarfarinsodium.B.AdministeringthenextdoseofwarfarinsodiumC.IncreasingthenextdoseofwarfarinsodiumD.Addingadoseofheparin.正確答案:A解析：4.房顫患者接受華法林鈉（香豆素）維持治療的患者，凝血酶原時間（PT）為30秒。根據(jù)PT水平，護士會預(yù)測以下哪一種命令？A服用下一劑華法林鈉。B.給藥下一劑華法林鈉C.增加下一個劑量的華法林鈉D加入一定劑量的肝素。答：A

35.Anadultclientwithahistoryofgastrointestinal(GI)bleedinghasaplateletcountof300000cells/μL.Whichactionbyanurseismostappropriateuponreadingthisreport?A.Reporttheabnormallylowcount.B.Reporttheabnormallyhighcount.C.Placetheclientonbleedingprecautions.D.Placethenormalreportintheclient'smedicalrecord.正確答案:D解析：5.有胃腸道（GI）出血病史的成年患者的血小板計數(shù)為30萬細胞/μL。在閱讀這份報告后，護士的哪種行動最合適？A.報告異常低的計數(shù)。B.報告異常高的計數(shù)。C.讓病人采取防止出血的預(yù)防措施。D.將正常的報告放入客戶的病歷中。答案：D

36.Anurseispreparingtocareforaclientwhohashadasupratentorialcraniotomy.Thenurseplanstoplacetheclientinwhichposition?A.Prone.B.Supine.C.Semi-Fowler's.D.Dorsalrecumbent.正確答案:C解析：6.一名護士正在準備照顧一名做過幕上開顱手術(shù)的病人。護士計劃把病人安排在哪個位置上？A.易感。B.抑制。C.半福勒的。D.背臥。答案：C

37.Aclientreceivingtotalparentalnutrition(TPN)complainsofaheadache.Anursenotesthattheclienthasanincreasedbloodpressure,boundingpulse,jugularveindistention,andcracklesbilaterally.ThenurseinterpretsthattheclientisexperiencingwhichcomplicationofTPNtherapy?A.Hyperglycemia.B.Airembolism.C.Sepsis.D.Fluidoverload.正確答案:D解析：7.一個接受父母完全營養(yǎng)（TPN）的客戶抱怨頭痛。一名護士注意到病人血壓升高，脈搏跳動，頸靜脈擴張，兩側(cè)有裂紋。護士解釋說，病人正在經(jīng)歷TPN治療的哪些并發(fā)癥？A.高血糖。B.空氣栓塞。C.膿毒癥。D流體過載。答案：D

38.Anurseischangingthecentrallinedressingofaclientreceivingtotalparenteralnutrition(TPN).Thenursenotesthatthecatheterinsertionsiteappearsreddened.Thenursenextassesseswhichofthefollowingitems?A.Tightnessoftubingconnections.B.Client'stemperature.C.Expirationdateonthebag.D.Timeoflastdressingchange.正確答案:B解析：8.一名護士正在更換一名接受全腸外營養(yǎng)（TPN）的病人的中心線敷料。護士注意到導(dǎo)管插入部位呈紅色。護士接下來會評估以下哪一個項目？A.管道連接件的緊密性。B.客戶的溫度。C.包上的有效期。D.最后一次換衣的時間。答：B

39.At8:00am,anursecheckstheamountofsolutionleftinatotalparenteralnutrition(TPN)infusionbagforanassignedclient.Itisa3000mLbagwithl000mLremaining.Thesolutionisrunningatarateof100mL/hr.Thebagwashungthepreviousdayat12:00noon.ThenurseplanstochangetheinfusionbagandtubingtodayatA.12:00noon.B.2:00PMC.4:00P.M.D.8:00P.M.正確答案:A解析：9.上午8點，一名護士為指定的客戶檢查全腸外營養(yǎng)（TPN）輸注袋中剩余的溶液量。這是一個3000mL的袋子，只剩下1000毫升。該解決方案以100毫升/小時的速度運行。這個袋子是在前一天中午12點掛起來的。護士計劃今天就去換輸液袋和輸液管A.中午12點。B.2:00PMC.4:00P.M.D.8:00P.M.答：A

40.AnursereviewsthebloodgasresultsofaclientwithGuillain-Barresyndrome.Thenurseanalyzestheresultsanddeterminesthattheclientisexperiencingrespiratoryacidosis.Whichofthefollowingvalidatesthenurse'sfindings?A.pH7.50,PaCO252mmHg.B.pH7.35,PaCO240mmHg.C.pH7.25,PaCO250mmHg.D.pH7.50,PaCO230mmHg.正確答案:C解析：10.一名護士檢查了一名患有格林-巴雷綜合征的病人的血氣結(jié)果。護士分析結(jié)果，并確定病人正在經(jīng)歷呼吸性酸中毒。以下哪一項證實了護士的發(fā)現(xiàn)？A.pH7.50，PaCO252mm汞柱。B.pH7.35，PaCO240mm汞柱。C.pH7.25，PaCO250mm汞柱。D.pH7.50，PaCO230mm汞柱。答案：C

41.Whichofthefollowingnursingdiagnoseshouldthenurseusetobestaddressthesuicidalpatient'sfeelingsofdespair?A.Anxiety.B.Spiritualdistress.C.Ineffectivecoping.D.Dysfunctionalgrieving.正確答案:B解析：護士應(yīng)該使用以下哪一種護理診斷來最好地解決有自殺傾向的病人的絕望感？A.焦慮。B.精神苦惱C.無效競爭D.功能障礙性悲痛答：B

42.Adepressedandwithdrawnclientapproachesthenurse,whoisbusyworkingwithasocialworkerintheconferenceroom.Whichwouldbethebestresponsebythenurse?A.Telltheclientthatthenursewillseeherin10minutesB.Telltheclientshe'llhavetowaitisurgent.C.Asktheclientifwhatshewantsisurgent.D.Asktheclienthowthenursecanhelpher.正確答案:D解析：2.一個抑郁和孤僻的病人走近護士，護士正忙著和會議室里的一名社會工作者一起工作。護士的最佳反應(yīng)是什么？A.告訴病人護士10分鐘后會見她B.告訴客戶她必須等待。C.問客戶，她想要什么是否緊急。D.問病人護士能如何幫助她。答案：D

43.Theclientwithdualdiagnosesofmajordepressionandalcoholabusestates,"IonlydrinkwhenIcan'tsleep."Anexpectedoutcomeforthisclientisthattheclientwill.A.describeadaptivemethodsofcopingtoinducesleep.B.verbalizenegativeeffectsofalcoholonthebody.C.describedangerouseffectswhencombiningalcoholandantidepressantmedication.D.verbalizethedesiretostopdrinkingalcohol.正確答案:A解析：3.這位有重度抑郁癥和酗酒雙重診斷的客戶說：“我只在睡不著的時候喝酒?！边@個客戶的預(yù)期結(jié)果是客戶會。A.描述應(yīng)對誘導(dǎo)睡眠的自適應(yīng)方法。B.從口頭上表達酒精對身體的負面影響。C.描述當酒精和抗抑郁藥物聯(lián)合使用時的危險影響。D.從口頭上表達停止飲酒的愿望。答：A

44.Thenursehasbeenworkingwithadepressedmaleclientforoneweek.Thismorning,theclientcomestothediningroomwithhairuncombedandshirtunbuttoned.Whichoftheseactionsshouldthenursetakefirst?A.Approachtheclientandoffertohelphimfinishgettingdressed.B.Ignoretheclient'sappearanceandhelphimfindhisplaceatthetable.C.Sitwiththeclientandhelphimeatthefood.D.Walkwiththeclientuntilhenoticesthathisshirtisunbuttoned.正確答案:A解析：4.護士已經(jīng)為一個抑郁的男性病人工作了一個星期。今天早上，客戶來到餐廳，頭發(fā)沒有梳干凈，襯衫沒有扣上扣子。護士應(yīng)該先采取哪些行動？A.接近客戶，并主動提出幫他穿好衣服。B.忽略客戶的外表，幫助他在桌子上的位置。C.和客戶坐在一起，幫他吃食物。D.和客戶一起散步，直到他注意到他的襯衫被解開了。答：A

45.Apatientwhohasautismdemonstratesahighlevelofanxietyfollowingtherearrangementoffurnitureintheroom.Anurseshouldunderstandthattheclient'sbehavioristheresultofaneedforA.trustB.privacyC.constancy

D.independence正確答案:C解析：5.自閉癥患者在房間里家具重新布置后表現(xiàn)出高度的焦慮。護士應(yīng)該明白，病人的行為是由于需要A.信任B.隱私C.不屈不撓D獨立性答案：C

46.Themostcommonadverseeffectelectroconvulsivetherapy(ECT)forwhichthenursemustplaninterventionsisA.arrhythmia.B.physicalinjury.C.severehypertension.D.memoryloss.正確答案:D解析：6.護士必須計劃采取干預(yù)措施的最常見的副作用是電休克療法（ECT）是A.心律失常B.物理傷C.嚴重的高血壓。D.內(nèi)存丟失。答案：D

47.Theclientwithdepressiontellsthenursethatlifejustdoesn'tseemtobeworthlivingandhisfamilywouldbebetteroffwithouthim.Whichofthefollowinginterventionsshouldthenurseinitiallyutilize?A.Telltheclientthatthesearenormalfeelingswithdepression.B.Lettheclientknowthatthesefeelingwillpass.C.Asktheclientifheisfeelingsuicidal.D.Ignorethestatementandcontinuewiththeinterview.正確答案:C解析：7.患有抑郁癥的病人告訴護士，生活似乎不值得過下去，如果沒有他，他的家人會更好。護士最初應(yīng)使用以下哪些干預(yù)措施？A.告訴病人，這些都是抑郁的正常感覺。B.讓客戶知道，這些感覺將會過去。C.問客戶他是否有自殺傾向。D.忽略這個陳述，繼續(xù)進行采訪。答案：C

48.Anurseisapproachedbyaclientwhoisexperiencingpersecutorydelusionsandrequestsassistancetoescapefromthepsychiatricunit.Whichofthefollowingnursingactionswouldbemostappropriate?A.Attempttolearnthemeaningofthedelusiontotheclients.B.Encouragetheclienttoverbalizethedelusions.C.Logicallyexplainthenatureofdelusionstotheclient.D.Pointoutthefalsebeliefspresentintheclient’sdelusion.正確答案:A解析：8.一名正在經(jīng)歷迫害妄想的客戶找到了一名護士，并請求幫助逃離精神病院。以下哪種護理措施最合適？A.試圖了解錯覺對客戶的含義。B.鼓勵客戶用語言表達這些錯覺。C.從邏輯上向客戶解釋錯覺的本質(zhì)。D.指出在客戶的錯覺中存在的錯誤信念。答：A

49.Adepressedclientparticipatesinunitactivitiesandmeetsregularlywithanurse.Onemorningtheclientasksthenursetogetthecombfromthebedsidetable.Nexttothecomb,thenursefinds10secobarbitalcapsules.Afterconfiscatingthecapsules,whatshouldthenursedonext?A.Reportthefindingtotheotherteammembers.B.Telltheclientaboutfindingthecapsulesandaskiftheclientwasplanningtocommitsuicide.C.Sitwiththeclientfortherestofthedayandincreasesuicideprecautions.D.Givetheclientthecomb,thensuggestthattheclientandnursegoforawalk.正確答案:B解析：9.一個抑郁的病人參加單位活動，并定期與一名護士見面。一天早上，病人讓護士從床頭柜上拿出梳子。在梳子旁邊，護士發(fā)現(xiàn)了10個塞巴比妥膠囊。在沒收了膠囊后，護士下一步應(yīng)該做什么？A.向其他團隊成員報告調(diào)查結(jié)果。B.告訴客戶如何尋找膠囊，并詢問客戶是否打算自殺。C.在今天剩下的時間里和客戶坐在一起，增加自殺預(yù)防措施。D.給客戶一把梳子，然后建議客戶和護士去散散步。答：B

50.Adepressedclientissittingintheactivitiesroom,staringatthewall.Whichnursinginterventionwouldbethemostappropriate?A.Givetheclientfreeaccesstotheactivitiesmaterials,andaskwhatshewantstodo.B.Givetheclienttimetoselectanactivity,andsitwithheruntilshegetsbusy.C.Givetheclientequipmentformakingacollage,andshowherhowtodoit.

D.Givetheclienta500-piecejigsawpuzzle,andtellhertodothebestshecan.正確答案:C解析：10.一個抑郁的客戶正坐在活動室里，盯著墻壁。哪種護理干預(yù)措施最合適？A.讓客戶免費訪問活動材料，并詢問她想做什么。B.給客戶時間來選擇一個活動，并和她坐在一起，直到她忙起來。C.給客戶提供制作拼貼畫的設(shè)備，并教她如何去做。D給客戶一個500塊的拼圖游戲，并告訴她盡她所能。答案：C

51.Whichofthefollowingnursingconsiderationsmustbetakenintoaccountforaclientwithtype1diabetesmellitusonthemorningofsurgery?A.Theclientshouldtakehalfofhisusualdailyinsulin.B.Theclientshouldreceiveanoralantidiabeticagent.C.TheclientshouldreceiveanI.V.insulininfusion.D.Theclientshouldtakehisfulldailyinsulindonewithnodextroseinfusion.正確答案:A解析：1.對于1型糖尿病患者，在手術(shù)當天早上必須考慮以下哪些護理因素？A.病人應(yīng)服用他通常每日胰島素的一半。B.患者應(yīng)接受口服降糖藥治療。C.患者應(yīng)接受I.V.insulin注射。D.患者應(yīng)每天全部服用胰島素，不注射葡萄糖。答：A

52.Whichofthefollowingtypesofdiabetesiscontrolledprimarilythroughdiet,exercise,andoralantidiabeticagents?A.Diabetesinsipidus.B.Diabetesketoacidosis.C.TypeIdiabetesmellitus.D.Type2diabetesmellitus.正確答案:D解析：2.以下哪一種糖尿病主要是通過飲食、運動和口服抗糖尿病藥來控制的？A.尿崩癥。B.糖尿病酮癥酸中毒。C.I型糖尿病。D.2型糖尿病。答案：D

53.Whenteachinganewlydiagnoseddiabeticclientaboutdietandexercise,it’simportanttoincludewhichofthefollowingaspects?A.Useoffiberlaxativesandbulk-formingagents.B.Managementoffluid,proteinandelectrolytes.C.Reductionofcalorieintakebeforeexercising.D.Caloricgoals,foodconsistency,andphysicalactivity.正確答案:D解析：3.當教一個新診斷的糖尿病客戶關(guān)于飲食和鍛煉時，包括以下哪一個方面是很重要的？A.使用纖維瀉藥和成成型劑。B.液體、蛋白質(zhì)和電解質(zhì)的管理。C.在運動前減少卡路里的攝入量。D.熱量的目標，食物的一致性，和身體活動。答案：D

54.Rotatinginjectionsiteswhenadministeringinsulinpreventswhichofthefollowingcomplications?A.Insulinedema.B.Insulinlipodystrophy.C.Insulinresistance.D.Systemicallergicreactions.正確答案:B解析：給胰島素時旋轉(zhuǎn)注射部位可預(yù)防以下哪些并發(fā)癥？A.胰島素水腫。B.胰島素脂肪營養(yǎng)不良。C.胰島素抵抗。D.全身過敏反應(yīng)。答：B

55.HowlongdoesthepeakeffectlastforNovolinNPH,anintermediateactinginsulin?A.15minutesto1hour.B.2to6hours.C.6to16hours.D.14to26hours.正確答案:C解析：5.對一種中間作用的胰島素諾伏林NPH的峰值效應(yīng)會持續(xù)多久？A.15分鐘到1小時。B.2到6個小時。C.6到16個小時。D.14到26個小時。答案：C

56.Aclientpresentwithdiaphoresis,palpitation,jitters,andtachycardiaapproximately1.5hoursaftertakinghisregularmorninginsulin.Whichofthefollowingtreatmentsisappropriateforthisclient?A.Checkbloodglucoselevelandadministercarbohydrates.B.Givenitroglycerinandperformanelectrocardiogram.C.CheckpulseoximetryandadministeroxygentherapyD.Restrictsalt,administerdiuretics,andperformaparacentesis.正確答案:A解析：6.患者在服用常規(guī)早晨胰島素后約1.5小時出現(xiàn)出汗、心悸、緊張和心動過速。以下哪種治療方法適合此客戶？A.檢查血糖水平并給予碳水化合物。B.服用硝酸甘油并做心電圖檢查。C.檢查脈搏血氧儀并進行氧療D.限制鹽，使用利尿劑，并進行穿刺。答：A

57.Thenursetalkstoanadolescentabouthowshecantellherfriendsabouthernewdiagnosisofdiabetes.Whichofthefollowingbehaviorsbytheadolescentindicatesthattheadolescenthasrespondedpositivelytothediscussion?A.Sheasksthenurseformaterialondiabetesforaschoolpaper.B.Sheintroducesthenursetoherfriendsas"theonewhotaughtmeallaboutmydiabetes"C.Shesays,“I’lltrytotellmefriends,butthey'llprobablyquithangingoutwithme."D.Sheasksherfriendswhattheythinkaboutsomeonewhohasalifelongillness.正確答案:B解析：7.護士和一個青少年談?wù)撍绾胃嬖V她的朋友她的新糖尿病診斷。該青少年的以下哪些行為表明，該青少年對該討論有了積極的反應(yīng)？A.她向護士為學(xué)校的論文提供關(guān)于糖尿病的材料。B.她向朋友介紹護士是“教我糖尿病的人”C.她說：“我會試著告訴我朋友