2024-2025學年湖北省黃岡市高三上學期9月調(diào)研考試一模英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1湖北省黃岡市高三2024-2025學年上學期9月調(diào)研考試一模英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillthemanseeMike?A.NextThursday.B.NextMonday.C.ThisSunday.2.Whatisthemandoingnow?A.Photography.B.Goingshooting.C.Makingcheese.3.Howmuchwillthewomanpaytotally?A.$115.B.$130.C.$145.4.Whatwilltheboydowithherusedcomputer?A.Giveitaway.B.Throwitaway.C.Continueusingit.5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?A.Themagazineisforkids.B.Loosejeansareoutdated.C.Sheisgoodatfashiondesign.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6和第7兩個小題.6.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shecansparesometime.B.Sheoftengoestotheconcert.C.Sheisgoodatdrawingdiagrams.7.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodotonight?A.Togototheconcert.B.Tojoinherfavoriteband.C.Toprioritizeherpaperwriting.聽下面一段對話，回答第8和第9兩個小題。8.Wherearethetwospeakersnow?A.Athome.B.Inthecinema.C.Atthestadium.9.WhatwillPeterdonext?A.Gotosleep.B.Drinksomecoffee.C.MakeanicedAmerican.聽下面一段對話，回答第10至第12三個小題。10.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Thetouristandthetravelagent.B.Thepassengerandtheairportassistant.C.Thecustomerandtheticketbookingofficer.11.Whatcausestheman’sproblem?A.Thedeparturetimeischanged.B.TheITteamdoesn’tworkeffectively.C.Theboardingsystemhastechnicalproblems.12.Whatcanweknowfromtheconversation?A.Themanmissedtheflight.B.Themanwillgetaprivilegeofboarding.C.Theman’sflighthasbeenrescheduledalready.聽下面一段對話，回答第13至第16四個小題。13.Wheredothespeakersmostlikelywork?A.Atabicyclestore.B.Atatravelcompany.C.Atacommunitycenter.14.Whatdidthewomanadjust?A.Thehotel.B.Thetransportation.C.Thetourplan.15.Whatdoweknowaboutthecommunitypark?A.Itisnotfaraway.B.Itissuitableforbiking.C.Itispopularwiththeparticipants.16.WhatdoesLizzyrecommend?A.Offeringhandouts.B.Changingtheroute.C.Reorganizingthetour.聽下面一段獨白，回答第17至第20四個小題。17.Whatwillthefirstweekbelike?A.Enjoyable.B.Worrying.C.Challenging.18.Whatisimportantforthelistenersinthefirstweek?A.Tohelponeanother.B.Tobeclearabouttheirwork.C.Totrytoremembereverything.19.Whyarethelistenersadvisedtotalktomanypeople?A.Theycangetusefulinformation.B.Theycangetfamiliarwiththem.C.Theycangetsuggestionsfromthem.20.Whowillassistthelistenersinfindingtheirareasforimprovement?A.Thespeaker.B.Themanager.C.Thenewformalemployees.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheParis2024OlympicGamesboastsadiverserangeofsportingevents,amongwhichinnovativeadditionsaresuretocaptivateaudiencesworldwide.BreakdanceDescription:Breakdance,AKAbreakingorB-boying,isanurbandancestylethatcombinesacrobaticmoves,complexfootwork,andadistinctiveDJandMCpresence.Events:Men’sandWomen’ssingles,with16athleteseachcompetingin1VS1battles.KeyElements:Athletesperformcombinationsofmovessuchasthe6-step,andfreezes,judgedonexecution,creativity,andstyle.SkateboardingDescription:Astreet-inspiredsportwheremaleandfemaleathletesperformavarietyoftricksonskateboards,featuringtwovenues:ParkandStreet.Events:Park(aconcavecoursewithcurvesandramps)andStreet(astraightcoursewithstairs,rails,andotherobstaclesmimicking(模擬)urbanenvironments),awardingfourgoldmedals.KeyElements:Tricks,andGrabsarejudgedonexecution,creativity,andflow.SportClimbingDescription:SportClimbingisamodernsportthatrequiresathletestonavigatevariousheightsandanglesofartificialrockwalls,performingmovesliketurns,pull-ups,jumps,andmore.Events:Bouldering,LeadClimbing,andSpeedClimbing,withmen’sandwomen’seventsinSpeedandCombined.KeyElements:Athletesarejudgedonspeed,accuracy,andpowerinSpeedClimbing,andonroutecompletion,difficulty,andstyleinBoulderingandLeadClimbing.SurfingDescription:Surfinginvolvesridingwavesusingasurfboard,showcasingathletes’skill,balance,andcourageinthesea.Events:Men’sandWomen’sshortboardevents,whereathletesperformtechnicalmaneuversonwaves.KeyElements:Judgesevaluateathletesbasedonthedifficulty,variety,andexecutionoftheirmaneuvers,aswellastheirspeedandfluidity.TheParis2024OlympicGamesofferinnovativenewadditionswithuniquetwists,whichpromisetodeliverathrillingandmemorableexperience.AndreturntohomepagetofindmoreaboutUniqueAspectsofTraditionalSports.1.WhatcanbelearnedaboutBreakdance?A.Athletesneedtoperformwithhighspeed.B.Thegameispopularbothincitiesandruralareas.C.Menandwomencanbattle1VS1inthesamegame.D.Athleteswhoperformcreativelymaygethighscores.2.Whatdothefoursportingeventshaveincommon?A.Theyareallperformedoutdoors.B.Theirvenuesmustmeetstrictrequirements.C.Theygivefairopportunitiestomenandwomen.D.Theyarealleasilyinfluencedbybadweather.3.Whereisthetextmostprobablytakenfrom?A.Aposter. B.Awebsite. C.Abrochure. D.Amagazine.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文，主要介紹了2024年巴黎奧運會新增的一些創(chuàng)意運動項目?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Breakdance下面的“KeyElements:Athletesperformcombinationsofmovessuchasthe6-step,andfreezes,judgedonexecution,creativity,andstyle.(關鍵要素：運動員完成六步和定點等動作組合，這些要根據(jù)執(zhí)行力、創(chuàng)造力和風格來裁判。)”可知，運動員的表現(xiàn)要根據(jù)執(zhí)行力、創(chuàng)造力和風格來裁判，由此可推測，運動員動作富有創(chuàng)造性，得分會更高，答案為D。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Breakdance下面的“Events:Men’sandWomen’ssingles,with16athleteseachcompetingin1VS1battles.(賽事：男子和女子單項，各有16名運動員參加1VS1比賽。)”、Skateboarding下面的“Description:Astreet-inspiredsportwheremaleandfemaleathletesperformavarietyoftricksonskateboards,featuringtwovenues:ParkandStreet.(描述：這是一項街頭運動，男女運動員在滑板上表演各種技巧，有兩個場地：公園和街道。)”、SportClimbing下面的“Events:Bouldering,LeadClimbing,andSpeedClimbing,withmen’sandwomen’seventsinSpeedandCombined.(活動：攀石、難度和速度攀巖，包括男子和女子速度和組合項目。)”、Surfing下面的“Events:Men’sandWomen’sShortboardevents,whereathletesperformtechnicalmaneuversonwaves.(項目：男子和女子短板項目，運動員在波浪上進行技術動作。)”可知，四個比賽項目中男女均可參加，故答案為C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。從最后一段中的“AndreturntohomepagetofindmoreaboutUniqueAspectsofTraditionalSports.(返回主頁，了解更多關于傳統(tǒng)體育的獨特方面。)”可推知該文出自某網(wǎng)頁內(nèi)容。故答案為B。B“Goodmorning,passengers!WelcomeaboardBusNo.38.”At6:30AM,thecoolmorningbreezeblowsasFengZhiliang,a43-year-olddriverwith15years’experienceatHandanPublicTransport,greetsthefirstpassengers.Seatedinthedriver’scab,hefastenshisseatbelt,readytosetoff.Feng’srecentviralvideocomesfromhisbilingual(雙語的)stopannouncementsinChineseandEnglish,captivatingnetizens.Someremark,“It’slikealuxuriousflightforjusttwoyuan!”,praisingHandan’sharmoniouscombinationoftraditionandmodernity.ThistransformationstartedwhenFenggreetedagroupofforeignpassengerswith“Hello.HappyNewYear!”duringtheSpringFestival.Encouragedbytheirpositivefeedback,hesawanopportunitytoservethemanyforeignersridinghisbus.Determinedtoimprovecommunication,FengstartedanEnglishlearningjourney.Startingfromzero,hewasburiedinonlinecourses,soughtEnglishmaterials,andusedtranslationsoftwaretoenhancehisskills.Today,hisbilingualannouncementsreflecthisdedicationandHandan’sculturalcharm.Eachevening,afterdroppingoffhislastpassengers,Fengreturnedhomearound9:00pm,exhaustedbutdetermined.Despitehistiredness,he’dcontinuestudyingforanhour,evenmakingthebestofhis20-minutebreak.Inspiredbyhiscolleaguesandafterthreeyearsofunstoppedpreparation,Fengboldlytriedbilingualannouncementsduringpeakhoursinearly2023.Initiallynervous,hereceivedoverwhelmingencouragementfrompassengers,strengtheninghisresolvetomakebilingualannouncementsanessentialpart.“Takingthatfirststepwasdiscouraging,butthepositivefeedbackfueledmypassion,”Fengrecalled.“It’sbecomeagoalandacherishedwish.”Now,overayearandahalflater,Feng’sbilingualannouncementshavegatheredadevotedfanbase.PassengerseagerlyboardtheNo.38bustoimmersethemselvesinhisenrichinglanguageexperience,whileparentsbringtheirchildrenalongfortheeducationalride.Feng’sdedicationhastransformedhisroutinebusridesintolinguisticadventures,captivatingheartsandmindsalike.4.WhatdoestheunderlinedsentenceimplyinPara.2?A.Feng’soralEnglishisperfect.B.Fengdrivesthebusasfastasaplane.C.Feng’sbusoffersthesameluxuryandcomfortasaplane.D.Feng’sbusprovidesabilingualatmospheresimilartothatofplane.5.WhatinspiredFenginitiallytoannouncethestopsbilingually?A.EnhancinghisoralEnglish.B.Attractingmorepassengerstoboardhisbus.C.ReflectingHandan’sculturalcharmtothepassengers.D.Betterservingforeignersonhisbusaftertheirthumbs-up.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeFeng?A.Braveandpatriotic. B.Strong-willedanddiligent.C.Devotedandpatient. D.Considerateandfrank.7.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.AllroadsleadtoRome. B.Itisnevertoooldtolearn.C.Wherethereiswill,thereisaway. D.Amancandonomorethanhecan.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了邯鄲公交車司機馮志亮用雙語報站，收獲了一大批粉絲?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Feng’srecentviralvideocomesfromhisbilingual(雙語的)stopannouncementsinChineseandEnglish,captivatingnetizens.(馮最近迅速傳播的視頻來自他的中英文雙語停站公告，吸引了網(wǎng)民。)”可知，馮志亮的公交車采用雙語播報，讓乘客們僅用兩塊錢就體驗到了坐飛機時雙語播音的感覺。故答案為D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Encouragedbytheirpositivefeedback,hesawanopportunitytoservethemanyforeignersridinghisbus.(受到他們積極反饋的鼓勵，他看到了一個為乘坐他公交車的許多外國人服務的機會。)”可知，馮志亮是受到外國乘客的鼓舞，讓他看到了為乘坐他的公交車的許多外國人更好服務的機會。故答案為D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Eachevening,afterdroppingoffhislastpassengers,Fengreturnedhomearound9:00pm,exhaustedbutdetermined.Despitehistiredness,he’dcontinuestudyingforanhour,evenmakingthebestofhis20-minutebreak.(每天晚上，在放下最后一批乘客后，馮都會在晚上9點左右回到家，雖然筋疲力盡，但意志堅定。盡管很累，他還是繼續(xù)學習了一個小時，甚至充分利用了20分鐘的休息時間。)”可知，馮志亮在休息間隙的20分鐘里，在晚上九點下班后一直堅持學習英語，說明他是是一個意志堅定又勤奮的人。故答案為B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Determinedtoimprovecommunication,FengstartedanEnglishlearningjourney.(決心提高溝通，馮開始了英語學習之旅。)”、第四段“Startingfromzero,hewasburiedinonlinecourses,soughtEnglishmaterials,andusedtranslationsoftwaretoenhancehisskills.Today,hisbilingualannouncementsreflecthisdedicationandHandan’sculturalcharm.(從零開始，他沉迷于在線課程，尋找英語材料，并使用翻譯軟件來提高自己的技能。今天，他的雙語公告反映了他的奉獻精神和邯鄲的文化魅力。)”和最后一段中的“Now,overayearandahalflater,Feng’sbilingualannouncementshavegatheredadevotedfanbase.(現(xiàn)在，一年半過去了，馮的雙語廣告已經(jīng)吸引了一批忠實的粉絲。)”可知，馮志亮為了雙語報站，提高公交車服務系統(tǒng)的溝通效果，從零基礎開始學習英語，克服了很多困難和挑戰(zhàn)，最終贏得了乘客的紛紛點贊和認可，實現(xiàn)了他的心愿和目標。由此可推測出，C項“有志者事竟成”最符合題意。故答案為C。CInNovember1996,theNationalArtMuseumofChinareceivedadonationof117paintings,sculpturesandinstallationsmadeafter1970byEuropeanandUSartists.Featuredartistsincludeimportantfiguresofmodernandcontemporaryart,suchasAndyWarhol,PabloPicasso,JasperJohns,RoyLichtenstein,GerhardRichterandDavidHockney.ThedonationwasmadebyGermancollectorsIreneandPeterLudwig.ThecoupletraveledinmanyChinesecitiesinthe1980sand1990s,witnessingwhatwashappeningfollowingthecountry’sreformandopening-up.PeterLudwig,anindustrialistwhoheldaPhDinarthistory,initialedadonationagreementwiththemuseuminMay1996butdiedtwomonthslater.HiswidowIreneLudwigattendedthedonationceremonyandexhibition.YangLizhou,thenthemuseum’svicedirector,recalledthatwhenPeterLudwigvisitedChinatodiscussaboutdonation,hewasnotverydeterminedbutsaid“YES”afterYangtoldhimthatonequarteroftheworld’spopulationwouldsupportandrememberhimforhisgenerosity.ThemuseumhastouredtheLudwigcollectioninmanycitiesoverthepasttwodecades,broadeningpeople’svisionoffinearts.ManyChineseartistsandartresearchershadtheirfirstlookatarealPicassoandalso,gottoknowaboutthescopeanddepthofcontemporaryart.Andnowitexhibits50worksfromthecollectiontoagainmarktheimportanceofthecouple’scontributiontoChineseartcirclesandarteducation.ThisportraitofPeterLudwigshowsahighlyrecognizablestyleofpopartfigureAndyWarhol.Warholportrayedmanycelebritiesofvariousfields,includingart,literature,movie,musicandpolitics,inthe1970s,suchasMarilynMonroeandElvisPresley.Sketchylinesandacombinationofbrightcolorshighlightthesubject’sdistinctivepersonality,andbringhimclosertotheaudience.TheLudwigdonatedanotherthreePicassopaintings,inwhichManandWomanbyaFlowerVasewascompletedthreeyearsbeforehedied.Thepaintingexpressedfascinationsofloveandtheburdenitbringsbymergingtheimagesofawomanandaman,wheretheyseemphysicallyindependentwhileboundbyscarfsreluctantlywhichmadethemanlookdejected.ThispaintingisdistinctivefromothermasterpiecesofPicasso.8.WhatmadePeterfinallydecidetodonatehiscollections?A.Yang’sencouragement. B.Hispassionforfinearts.C.China’sreformandopening-up. D.HiswealthandaPhDinarthistory.9.Whatistheinfluenceofthecouple’sdonation?A.Makingthemuseummoresplendid.B.LayingasolidfoundationforChineseartcircle.C.WideningChinesepeople’shorizonofelegantarts.D.Deepeningpeople’sunderstandingoftraditionalart.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dejected”inPara6mean?A.Depressed. B.Delighted. C.Dedicated. D.Deserted.11.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Theimportantfiguresofmodernart.B.AGermancouple’sshiningachievements.C.AgenerousgiftpackagefromaGermancouple.D.ThesignificanceofaGermancouple’sdonation.【答案】8.A9.C10.A11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。短文敘述了一對德國夫婦贈送給中國的當代藝術大禮包?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。從第三段“YangLizhou,thenthemuseum’svicedirector,recalledthatwhenPeterLudwigvisitedChinatodiscussaboutdonation,hewasnotverydeterminedbutsaid“YES”afterYangtoldhimthatonequarteroftheworld’spopulationwouldsupportandrememberhimforhisgenerosity.”（當時的博物館副館長楊立州回憶說，當彼得·路德維希訪問中國討論捐贈問題時，他并不是很堅定，但在楊鼓勵他，世界上四分之一的人口會支持并記住他的慷慨后，他答應了捐贈）可知，楊的鼓勵使彼得最終決定捐贈他的收藏。故選A?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“ThemuseumhastouredtheLudwigcollectioninmanycitiesoverthepasttwodecades,broadeningpeople’svisionoffinearts.”（在過去的二十年里，博物館在許多城市展出了路德維希的藏品，拓寬了人們對美術的視野。）可知，這對德國夫婦的捐贈拓寬了中國人的藝術視野，提升了對藝術的鑒賞和理解，故選C?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。從前文“Thepaintingexpressedfascinationsofloveandtheburdenitbringsbymergingtheimagesofawomanandaman,wheretheyseemphysicallyindependentwhileboundbyscarfsreluctantly”（這幅畫融合了一個女人和一個男人的形象，表現(xiàn)了愛情的魅力和它帶來的負擔，他們似乎身體上獨立，但被圍巾勉強束縛。）可知，他們似乎身體上獨立，但被圍巾束縛，這使男人看起來很沮喪?？芍獎澗€單詞dejected的意思為“不高興的，沮喪的”，故選A。【11題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“InNovember1996,theNationalArtMuseumofChinareceivedadonationof117paintings,sculpturesandinstallationsmadeafter1970byEuropeanandUSartists.”（1996年11月，中國美術館收到了117件歐美藝術家1970年以后的繪畫、雕塑和裝置作品的捐贈。）以及第二段“ThedonationwasmadebyGermancollectorsIreneandPeterLudwig.ThecoupletraveledinmanyChinesecitiesinthe1980sand1990s,witnessingwhatwashappeningfollowingthecountry’sreformandopening-up.”（這筆捐款是由德國收藏家艾琳和彼得·路德維希捐贈的。這對夫婦在20世紀80年代和90年代走遍了中國的許多城市，見證了中國改革開放后發(fā)生的一切。）可知，文敘述了一對德國夫婦贈送給中國的當代藝術大禮包。所以短文的標題為“一對德國夫婦送的大禮包?！惫蔬xC。DForgettingisafactoflifethatmanypeoplefindfrustrating.Butgrowingevidencepushesbackatthebeliefthatasliporescapeinourrecollectionisevidentlybad.Indeed,forgettingcansometimeshelppeoplecopepsychologicallyorletgoofuselessknowledge.Inanewstudy,neuroscientistTomasRyanofTrinityCollegeDubliandhiscolleagueshaveexaminedthefundamentalbiologyunderlyingaformofforgettingweexperienceeveryday.Theirworksuggeststhatwhenwecan’trecallanoldphonenumberorahighschoolteacher’sname,thosedetailsarenotnecessarilylost.AsRyanexplainedtoMindMatterseditorDaisyYuhas,forgettingmaybeanactiveprocessthatthebrainusestosupportlearning.Healsodiscussedhowdementia(癡呆)mayultimatelyeffectdisorderedforgettingmorethanlostmemories.Youstudyanideathatsomepeoplemayfindcounter-intuitive(反直覺的):forgettingcanbepartoflearning.Howso?Weoftenthinkofforgettingasalossofthebrainpoweroralimitation.Memorylossfromdementiaorbraininjury,forexample,canbedevastating.Butwealsoexperience“everydayforgetting”aswegoaboutourlivesbecausethere’sjustsomuchgoingon.We’reexpectedtolearnandretainmanythingsinordertofunctioninmodernsociety.Somearequitearbitrary,suchashavingtomemorizefactsyou’llneverneedagainforschoolexams.Othersarenotsoarbitrarybutarestillquitedemanding,suchastheknowledgeyoubuildtobecomeapracticingdoctor.Althoughwemaythinkofforgettingasatrouble,anditoftenis,itcouldbeafeatureofthebrainratherthanabug.Agrowingbodyofresearchinneuroscienceisstudyingtheideathatforgettingisadaptiveratherthanlimiting.Soforgettingcomesinmanyforms?Therearedifferentkindsthatpeoplegenerallyconsiderdistinct.Wemayusethewordamnesia(健忘癥)forakindofforgettingthatmostpeoplewouldagreeisneitheradaptivenorbeneficial.Someformsofamnesiamakeitdifficulttoformnewmemorieswhileothersmakeitdifficulttorecallmemoriesformedbeforeaninjury.12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopicofthepassage?A.Bydefiningaconcept. B.Bypresentingastudyresult.C.Bymakingcomparison. D.Bygivinganexample.13.Whatdoestheauthoragreeinthepassage?A.Dementiamainlyresultsinlostmemories.B.Forgettingmeansimperfectionofthebrain.C.It’sterriblethatthebestfriend’snameescapesme.D.Theknowledgeyouneedtobeateacherisnotarbitrary.14.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Scientiststhinkforgettinglimitsourlife.B.Neuroscientistsareresearchingtheadaptiveroleofforgetting.C.Peoplewouldagreethatamnesiaisharmfulinmostcondition.D.Amnesiadefinitelymakesitchallengingtorecollectmemories.15.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Toexplainthereasonsofforgetting. B.Topresenttheprocessofforgetting.C.Toemphasizethebenefitsofforgetting. D.Toclarifythemisunderstandingofforgetting.【答案】12.B13.D14.B15.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了“遺忘”這一現(xiàn)象在生物學和心理學上的新理解和研究，指出遺忘并非完全是記憶的喪失，有時反而是大腦支持學習和適應環(huán)境的一種機制。文章通過神經(jīng)科學家的研究和觀點，解釋了遺忘在日常生活和學習中的作用，以及不同類型的遺忘，旨在向讀者傳達關于遺忘的科學理解和新發(fā)現(xiàn)?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Indeed,forgettingcansometimeshelppeoplecopepsychologicallyorletgoofuselessknowledge.(事實上，遺忘有時可以幫助人們在心理上應對或放棄無用的知識。)”可知，作者先陳述這個研究結(jié)果，再講述研究的具體內(nèi)容，即作者通過展示研究結(jié)果介紹這篇文章的主題。故答案為B?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Othersarenotsoarbitrarybutarestillquitedemanding,suchastheknowledgeyoubuildtobecomeapracticingdoctor.(另一些知識不那么武斷和任意，但仍然要求很高，比如你為成為執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師而積累的知識)”可知，成為執(zhí)業(yè)醫(yī)師而積累的知識不是隨意的，可推知成為一名教師所需的知識也不是隨意的。故答案為D.?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Agrowingbodyofresearchinneuroscienceisstudyingtheideathatforgettingisadaptiveratherthanlimiting(越來越多的神經(jīng)科學研究正在研究遺忘是適應性的，而不是限制性的。)”可知，神經(jīng)科學家正在研究遺忘的適應性作用。答案為B?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)文章第一段“Forgettingisafactoflifethatmanypeoplefindfrustrating.Butgrowingevidencepushesbackatthebeliefthatasliporescapeinourrecollectionisevidentlybad.Indeed,forgettingcansometimeshelppeoplecopepsychologicallyorletgoofuselessknowledge.(遺忘是許多人感到沮喪的生活事實。但是，越來越多的證據(jù)推翻了這樣一種觀點，即在我們的記憶中失誤或逃逸顯然是不好的。事實上，遺忘有時可以幫助人們在心理上應對或放棄無用的知識。)”和倒數(shù)第二段“Althoughwemaythinkofforgettingasatrouble,anditoftenis,itcouldbeafeatureofthebrainratherthanabug.Agrowingbodyofresearchinneuroscienceisstudyingtheideathatforgettingisadaptiveratherthanlimiting.(雖然我們可能認為遺忘是一種麻煩，而且它經(jīng)常是，但它可能是大腦的一種特征，而不是一種缺陷。越來越多的神經(jīng)科學研究正在研究遺忘是適應性的，而不是限制性的。)”可知，人們對遺忘現(xiàn)象存在誤解。遺忘是大腦的特征而不是缺陷，作者具體闡釋和澄清了這一誤解。故答案為D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Peopleperceivehappinessdifferently,withsomeseeingtheglasshalffullwhileothershalfempty.SonjaLyubomirsky,asocialpsychologist,explainedthathappinesscomprisespositiveemotionsandlifesatisfaction.____16____Canyouchangeyoursetrangetobeahappierperson?Shebelievesthatwecanchangehowwethinkandhowwebehaveandalsowecanchangeourhabitsordevelopanewhabit.Happypeopletendtohavesuchcertainhabits.Gowiththe“flow”.Beabsorbedinwhatyoudo.“Whenyou’resofullyengagedinwhatyou’redoingthatyoudon’tnoticethepassageoftime,youareinastatecalled‘flow’,whichisassociatedwithjoy,”Lyubomirskyexplained.“____17____Onthecontrary,trysomethingascasualandrelaxingascompletingagroupprojectattheofficeorenjoyingahobbywithyourpartner.”____18____Whenitcomestoyourhappinesslevel,personalrelationshipshaveabiggerimpactthanmoney,ajobtitleorevenyourhealth.“Spendingmorequalitytimewithyourpartner,spouse,orkids,orreconnectingwitholdfriends,aresure-firewaystoincreaseyourownandothers’averagelevelsofjoy.”Lyubomirskysaid“pickarelationshipinneedofstrengthening,andinvesttimeandenergyinhealing,cultivatingandenjoyingit.”____19____Practicerandomactsofkindnessandexpressgratitude.Takeamomenttodonicethingsforothers.“Beingkindtootherpeoplebringsonalotofpositiveresults.Itmakesyoufeelgenerousandcapable,leadsyoutofeelgratefulaboutyourownsituation,andgivesyouagreatersenseofinterconnectednesswiththeworld,”Lyubomirskysaid.“____20____And,inturn,thebenefithelpsnurtureyourownself-esteemandhelpgetyouthroughtherestofthedayorweek.”Wehopethesethreetipshelpyouelevateyourhappinessgame.A.Manageyourcircles.B.Celebrategoodnews.C.Thissmallinvestmentmaygoalongway.D.Italsogivesjoytootherpeopleandleadsthemtolikeyoumore.E.Researchersmeasurethosecomponentsbyaskingpeoplesuchquestions.F.Thequestionforresearchersreturnstothatglasshalf-fullorhalf-emptyissue.G.Youdon’thavetocompeteinahigh-riskgameoftennisorclimbMountEverest.【答案】16.F17.G18.A19.C20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了一些培養(yǎng)樂觀精神，改變我們思維習慣的方法?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Peopleperceivehappinessdifferently,withsomeseeingtheglasshalffullwhileothershalfempty.SonjaLyubomirsky,asocialpsychologist,explainedthathappinesscomprisespositiveemotionsandlifesatisfaction.(人們對幸福的看法不同，有些人看到的是半滿的杯子，而有些人看到的是半空的杯子。社會心理學家SonjaLyubomirsky解釋說，幸福包括積極的情緒和生活滿意度)”以及后文“Canyouchangeyoursetrangetobeahappierperson?Shebelievesthatwecanchangehowwethinkandhowwebehaveandalsowecanchangeourhabitsordevelopanewhabit.Happypeopletendtohavesuchcertainhabits.(為了成為一個更快樂的人，你能改變你的設定范圍嗎？她相信我們可以改變我們的思維方式和行為方式，我們也可以改變我們的習慣或養(yǎng)成一個新的習慣?？鞓返娜送羞@樣的習慣)”可知，上文提到人們對幸福的看法不同，有些人看到的是半滿的杯子，而有些人看到的是半空的杯子，且社會心理學家SonjaLyubomirsky解釋說，幸福包括積極的情緒和對生活的滿意度，由此可說明研究者又回到了到半滿杯水還是半空杯水這個問題上。故F選項“研究人員面臨的問題又回到了半杯水還是半空的問題”符合語境，故選F?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Onthecontrary,trysomethingascasualandrelaxingascompletingagroupprojectattheofficeorenjoyingahobbywithyourpartner.(相反，嘗試一些隨意和放松的事情，比如在辦公室完成一個小組項目，或者和你的同伴一起享受一個愛好)”可知，后文提到了相反的做法是嘗試一些隨意和放松的事情，推測本句是在說明從事冒險活動。故G選項“你不必參加高風險的網(wǎng)球比賽或攀登珠穆朗瑪峰”符合語境，故選G?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Whenitcomestoyourhappinesslevel,personalrelationshipshaveabiggerimpactthanmoney,ajobtitleorevenyourhealth.“Spendingmorequalitytimewithyourpartner,spouse,orkids,orreconnectingwitholdfriends,aresure-firewaystoincreaseyourownandothers’averagelevelsofjoy.”Lyubomirskysaid“pickarelationshipinneedofstrengthening,andinvesttimeandenergyinhealing,cultivatingandenjoyingit.”(當涉及到你的幸福水平時，人際關系比金錢、職位甚至你的健康都有更大的影響。“花更多的時間與你的同伴、配偶或孩子在一起，或者與老朋友重新聯(lián)系，這些都是提高你自己和他人平均快樂水平的可靠方法?！绷┟谞査够f：“選擇一段需要加強的關系，投入時間和精力來修復、培養(yǎng)和享受它。”)”可知，這一整段的大意是經(jīng)營一段良好的人際關系可以提升人的幸福感，與A選項“Manageyourcircles”這一段落主題句構(gòu)成解釋關系。故A選項“管理好你的圈子”符合語境，故選A?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Lyubomirskysaid“pickarelationshipinneedofstrengthening,andinvesttimeandenergyinhealing,cultivatingandenjoyingit.”(柳博米爾斯基說：“選擇一段需要加強的關系，投入時間和精力來修復、培養(yǎng)和享受它。”)”可知，上文建議投入一段需要加強的關系，即對關系投入，C選項中的代詞this指代的就是前一句話的內(nèi)容，這個小小的投資會帶來長遠的影響。故C選項“這個小投資可能帶來很大的影響”符合語境，故選C?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Practicerandomactsofkindnessandexpressgratitude.Takeamomenttodonicethingsforothers.“Beingkindtootherpeoplebringsonalotofpositiveresults.Itmakesyoufeelgenerousandcapable,leadsyoutofeelgratefulaboutyourownsituation,andgivesyouagreatersenseofinterconnectednesswiththeworld,”Lyubomirskysaid.(偶爾做些善事，表達感激之情。花點時間為別人做些好事。“善待他人會帶來很多積極的結(jié)果。它讓你感到慷慨和有能力，讓你對自己的處境感到感激，并給你一種與世界更緊密相連的感覺，”柳博米爾斯基說)”以及后文“And,inturn,thebenefithelpsnurtureyourownself-esteemandhelpgetyouthroughtherestofthedayorweek.(反過來，這種好處有助于培養(yǎng)你的自尊，并幫助你度過一天或一周的剩余時間)”可知，橫線前一句的內(nèi)容是表達做好事所能帶來的益處，橫線后一句中的inturn以及helps這兩個詞說明橫線部分依舊在表達做好事所能帶來的益處，前后句構(gòu)成層層遞進的關系。D選項中的also也應證了答案。故D選項“它也給別人帶來快樂，讓他們更喜歡你”符合語境，故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。MichaelSurrellandhiswifehadjustparkedthecarwhentheygotacallfromtheirdaughter:“Thehousenextdoorisonfire!”Heinstantlywentto____21____andsawanoldwomancried.“Thebabyisinside!”“Thebaby”was8-year-oldTiaraRoberts,thewoman’s____22____.Thoughthefiredepartmenthadbeencalled,Surrell____23____rushedintotheburninghouse.Thethick____24____causedhimtostumbleblindlyaroundandmadeitimpossibleto____25____.Afterafewminutesinthesmoke-filledhouse,hemovedoutsideto____26____hisbreath.“WhereisTiara?”heasked____27____.“Thesecondfloor,”hergrandmashoutedback.Takingadeepbreath,Surrellwentinasecondtime.Becausethehousehada____28____layouttohis,hefoundthestairseasilyandmadeittothesecondfloor.Butthedarknesswas____29____.Allhecouldfeelwasthecracklingandpoppingofburningwood.Thenasoftbut____30____moanemerged.Hecrawledtowardthesound,feelingaroundforany____31____ofthelittlegirl.Finally,he____32____something.HescoopedTiaraintohisarms,____33____thro