建筑學畢業(yè)設計外文翻譯

本科生畢業(yè)設計外文資料翻譯專業(yè) 建筑學 班級092班姓名XXX 指導教師XXX所在學院XXX 附件1.外文資料翻譯譯文；2.外文原文學校建筑規(guī)劃設計漫談在校園內(nèi)的功能和各種需求亦趨向于多元化，在規(guī)劃、設計中必須要找出一種合適的方法來適應、符合現(xiàn)在及未來的世界潮流需要。1、學校的功能和秩序?qū)W校特別是高等學校的功能相對來說是比較復雜的，在規(guī)劃設計中要充分考慮到學校中的功能分區(qū)和教學的秩序，才能做到有合理的設計和良好的規(guī)劃。教學區(qū)是校園的核心，是校園建設中的最關(guān)鍵的部分。學校中的一切其它功能均是圍繞其進行的。教學區(qū)的布局主要有組團式與網(wǎng)絡式兩種主要設計方法。組團式便于院系相對獨立地組織教學活動與進行管理，更能適應建校周期較長而分期施工的現(xiàn)實。“院落”是是中國傳統(tǒng)的建筑布局形式，由建筑所圍成的庭院形成社交性的公共空間，也有利于學校中的交流。網(wǎng)絡式的發(fā)展規(guī)劃有利于不同的科系在今后的發(fā)展中專業(yè)更新與規(guī)模調(diào)整，并可靈活調(diào)節(jié)教學用房的使用性質(zhì)，因此被現(xiàn)代的新型校園規(guī)劃布局所偏愛，它利于目前國內(nèi)的大學院校、院系合并和學科調(diào)整的教學改革大趨勢。學生宿舍生活區(qū)是大學校園內(nèi)又一個重要的組成部分，無論改革后學生生活區(qū)社會化管理落實的力度有多大，還是由于擴招形式的“不是數(shù)著床板招生”的局面到何種程度，在目前的實際情況下，新建的大學校園仍然需要規(guī)劃好學生生活區(qū)的建設。當然要充分考慮到如何便于社會化的管理，有利于形成獨立的管理系統(tǒng)，為以后的發(fā)展留有可能性。2、學校的交通組織高等學校交通組織中，首要的是要體現(xiàn)以人為本的思想。根據(jù)教師、學生的心理及行為方式研究各種道路組織、形態(tài)和層次，創(chuàng)造一個滿足校園使用者的物質(zhì)和精神上要求的校園環(huán)境?，F(xiàn)代校園要求建筑物之間能聯(lián)絡方便、盡量通暢、便捷。為此，各類建筑物的設計，多采用集中式的布局，建筑群體也多以成團的方式組合，盡量減少樓間的距離幾交通路線。各個相對獨立的區(qū)域之間，也盡量打通分割界限，室內(nèi)外都設有方便的連廊和通道，使建筑群體在整體上能聯(lián)絡通暢，達到提高和保證交通、交流、傳遞、溝通之最佳的效率。3、學校的環(huán)境和可持續(xù)發(fā)展環(huán)境對于人心理的影響，以及反饋對人情緒的感染，都會產(chǎn)生物質(zhì)的效應。人在良好的環(huán)境中，在使人精神振奮的條件下，無疑會更多的誘發(fā)思想的靈感和智慧的火花，這對教學、科研的作用雖是無形的，但肯定是有效的?，F(xiàn)代的校園的環(huán)境設計，應該立足于創(chuàng)造優(yōu)美高雅有文化的校園環(huán)境，以適應人的精神需要，提高人的修養(yǎng)，陶冶人的情操……。如立體綠化、室外美術(shù)、雕塑、以及精心設計的疊石、草坪、流水、花叢、石燈及小建筑等，在這極RambleonarchitecturalplanninganddesignsofschoolbuildingsInthecampus,functionsandvariousdemandstendtobediversified,wemustfindawayintheplanninganddesignsofschoolbuildingstoadaptandmeettheneedsofthepresent,thefutureandeventheworld.ThefunctionsandordersofaschoolTheschool,especiallyhighschool'sfunctionisrelativelycomplex.Inordertoachieveareasonabledesignandgoodplanning,weshouldgivefullconsiderationtothezoningintheschoolandorderofteaching.Teachingareaisthecoreofthecampus,whichisthemostimportantpartofthecampusconstruction.Allotherfunctionsintheschoolarecarriedoutaroundit.Thelayoutofteachingareasismainlyformedwithtwokindsofdesignmethods.Oneisthemethodofclusterandtheotheristhemethodofnetworktype.Themethodofclusterfacilitatesthedepartmentstoorganizetheteachingactivitiesandmanagementindependently,whichcanadapttotherealityoflongperiodandstageconstructionintheschoolbuildings.“Courtyard"isthetraditionalChinesearchitecturallayout.Thecourtyardsurroundedwiththebuildingsformssocialpublicspace,whichishelpfulforthecommunicationofschool.Theplanningdevelopmentofthenetworkisconducivetothefuturedevelopmentofprofessionalupdatingandtheadjustmentofscaleindifferentdepartmentsanditcanbeadjustedflexiblyintheuseeoftherealteaching.Soitisanewcampusplanningandlayoutofthemodernpreference.itisconducivetothecurrentdomesticuniversitycolleges,combineddepartmentsandsubjectstoadjusttheteachingreformtrend.Dormitoryareaisanimportantpartoftheuniversitycampus.Nomatterhowmuchthesocialreformeffortsarecarriedoutinthemanagementofstudentslivingareas,orthesituationthat"itisnotamatterofcountingthebedplateenrollment"asenrollmentformtowhatextent.Inthecurrentsituation,thenewuniversitycampusstillneedgoodplanningandconstructionsofstudentslivingzone.Ofcourse,weshouldconsiderhowtofacilitatethesocializationofmanagement,whichisconducivetotheformationofanindependentmanagementsystem,andweshouldmakeitpossibleforfuturedevelopment.2、TrafficorganizationintheschoolItisveryimportanttoembodythepeople-orientedideologyinthetrafficorganizationinthehigherschool.Accordingtothepsychologyandbehaviorofteachersandstudents,thearchitectshouldstudyvariousroadsorganization,formandlevelstocreateacampusenvironmentwhichmeetstherequirementsofthematerialandspiritualcampususers.Moderncampusrequiresthedemandsthatitiseasytocontact,smooth,andconvenientbetweenbuildings.Therefore,thedesignofvariousbuildingsadoptscentralizedlayout.Constructiongroupisagglomerateinordertominimizethedistancebetweenthefloorandtrafficrouts.Eachrelativelyindependentregion,triestogetthroughthesegmentationboundaries.Indoorandoutdoorareequippedwithconvenientcorridorandchannel,whichmakethebuildinggroupscontacteasily,improveandguaranteethetraffic,communication,transportcommunicationinthebestefficiencyingeneral.3、TheenvironmentalandsustainabledevelopmentintheschoolsInfluenceofenvironmentonhumanpsychology,andfeedbackoftheinflectionofemotionaleffectwillproduceasubstance.Peoplewhoareinagoodenvironmentandinthespiritofencouragingmindwillinducemorethinkingandinspirationandsparksofwisdom.Althoughitisinvisibleintheroleofteachingandresearch,itiscertainlyeffective.Environmentaldesignofmoderncampusshouldbebasedonthecreationofbeautifulandelegantcultureofthecampusenvironmentinordertomeetthepeople'sspiritualneeds,toimprovethetrainingofpeopleandfosternoblespirits.Suchasthree-dimensionalgreen,outdoorart,sculpture,andcarefuldesignofthestones,grass,water,flowers,stonelampandsmallbuildings.Inthisextremelyelegantstyle,blendingtraditionalandmodern,toenjoythecampus,howcanthewisdomsparkofteachersandstudentscouldnotunrestrained.Intheschool,inadditiontothenormalteachingandscientificresearch,alotofdiscussionandextensivecommunicationisverynecessary.Allkindsofdiscussionandcommunicationcanbeplannedandorganized.Anditcanalsobenoplanandnoorganization.Butthelatterismoreeffectiveontheparticipantsandtheeffectisenormous.Soweneedtocreateafreeandflexiblecommunicationthatcanadapttoandmeettheteachersandstudents.Suchasplacevarioussettingsintheinteriorandexteriorwhichsuitableforteachersandstudentstostayandrest,andsetplacesforconversationofspaceandcorner,andplacetablesandchairs.Avendingmachineorsmallshopsandcoffeehousecanbeplacedintheconditionalplace.Suchagoodopportunityofcommunicationisbeneficialtomutualexchange,transferandcollisionofallkindsofinformation,intelligenceandknowledgeinordertothesublimationofthewisdom.Themodernschoolbuildingrequiresthattheindividualbuildingstructuresystemandinternalspaceshouldbemoreuniversal,modularandflexibleinordertoadapttothechangingrequirements.Tomeettheneedsofmulti-function,thescaleofclassroomandlaboratoryshouldbelarge,andcanbeuniversalandinterchangeablewithlargecolumnframestructuresystem.Thespeciesarenotsomany,buttheyhavethestrongadaptabilitysoastoensuretheneedsofvariousteachinglinkofthemultipurpose.Intheplanninganddesignofcampus,theprotectionoftheenvironmentandsustainabledevelopmentissuesshouldalsobepaidattentionto.Toestablishthecampusthatnotonlycanmeettheneedsofcontemporarypeople,butalsohavenoharmtothefuturedevelopmentofthecampus.Firstofall,protecttheenvironmentandmaintaintheecologicalbalanceofnaturefrombeginningtoend.Thecampusnotonlyhaveadequategreenspace,butalsopromotethegooddevelopmentofecologicalactively.Suchasitisimportanttokeepcampusbiodiversity,keepthewaterclean,andpromotetheoriginalmountain,wetlandnaturaldevelopment.Makefulluseofsunlight,wind,rainandothernaturalresourcestocreateanewecologicalbalanceandartificialnaturalenvironmentsothatpeoplecanbetterenjoythenatureandreturntonature.4、SingledesignofcampusbuildingCampusbuildingsshouldhavethecharacteristicsandqualityofcampusconstructioninordertoadapttoschoollifeandreflectthenewarchitecturalformsofpsychologicalandenvironmentalbehaviorofstudents.Itisthekeyandgraspofarchitectsandplanners.Campusarchitecturalstylecangiveapersonwithastrongfirstimpression,itisapermanentmemoryfromgenerationtogenerationhasgraduatedstudentsAlthoughtherearemanytypesofcampusbuildingwhichhavetheirowncharacteristicstyles,strengtheningthegroupeffectofbuildingsshouldbepaidattentiontoinordertoseektheunityharmony,andthenseekchangesintheunity.Integrityinthedesignsofthecampusbuildingsshouldbepaidattentiontoinordertoachievegoodresultsofharmonyandunity.Thecampusiscomposedofmultipleparts.Itisunlikelytomakesmoothreadinginaperiodandfromaninvestment.Duetotherestrictionofallaspectsofthecapital,thecampusconstructionoftenisverylong.Itisimportanttomakeroomforthepreparationandimplementationintheplanninganddesign.Atthesametime,thepossibilityoftheirrational