Unit2IconicAttractionsLearnigaboutlanguage課件高中英語人教版選擇性

Unit2Period2LearningAboutLanguagePastParticiplePastParticiple

(Revision)1.TolearnthefunctionsofpastparticipleV-ed.2.TotellthedifferencebetweenV-edandV-ing.3.Tolearnhowtoanalyzesentencestructures.Learningaims理論基礎(chǔ)1.一個(gè)英語句子有且僅有一個(gè)謂語動(dòng)詞。（謂語動(dòng)詞的個(gè)數(shù)=句子的個(gè)數(shù)）2.英語句子：簡單句（一個(gè)句子構(gòu)成）復(fù)合句（由連詞連接2個(gè)及以上句子構(gòu)成）

作謂語的V-ed1.have/has/had+V-ed構(gòu)成完成時(shí)2.be+V-ed

構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)(不能單獨(dú)使用)Since

2019,ourlifehaschangedagreatdeal.Whatyousaidwillberecordedandsenttothepolice.非謂語動(dòng)詞V-ingV-edtodo表主動(dòng)和進(jìn)行表被動(dòng)或完成表將要或目的作非謂語的V-ed動(dòng)向一、過去分詞短語作定語用法Attribute

動(dòng)向二、過去分詞短語作表語用法Predicative動(dòng)向三、過去分詞短語作賓補(bǔ)用法ObjectComplement動(dòng)向四、過去分詞短語作狀語用法Adverbial過去分詞高考考向歸納(1)Theyfoundadamagedcaratthegateofthepark.(2)Iboughtsomepaintedchairs.(3)Helivesinthehousebuiltbyhisfather.(4)HaveyoureadthisbookwrittenbyLuXun？(5)Note:Thetimeslistedontheschedulesaredeparturetimes,notarrivaltimes.1.單個(gè)的過去分詞作定語位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞前面；過去分詞短語作定語位于它所修飾的名詞或代詞后面。

(1)Heisoneof

thoseinvited.

(2)Nothingreported

(inthenewspaper)interestedhim.

(3)Hewantedtointerview

someonerelatedtothematter.2.過去分詞修飾something,everything,anything,nothing,somebody,nobody，those等不定代詞時(shí)，要放在這些詞后面。過去分詞作定語abrokenheartalostdogarisensunanorganizedtripabrokenglass

一顆破碎的心

喪家之犬

已升起的太陽一次有組織的旅行

一個(gè)破玻璃杯

Examples：在既定的時(shí)間內(nèi)用所給的單詞被通緝的人被聘工人關(guān)切的神情有關(guān)人士inthegiventimewiththewordsgivenawantedpersonworkerswantedaconcernedlookthepeopleconcernedboiling

water=waterthatisboilingboiled

water=waterthathasboiled正在沸騰的水已經(jīng)沸騰過的水pollutedwater

printedarticles

已經(jīng)被污染的水已經(jīng)被打印的文章其他形式非謂語動(dòng)詞作定語與-ed作定語的區(qū)別1.現(xiàn)在分詞作定語表示正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作；不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語表示一個(gè)已完成的動(dòng)作；只有及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞才表示一個(gè)完成且被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作。(退休工人)(逃犯)(歸國留學(xué)生)Comparethefollowings:(正在變化的)(變化了的)(正在凋謝的)(已經(jīng)凋謝了的)(發(fā)展的)(發(fā)達(dá)的)(正在飄落的)(已經(jīng)飄落了的)thechangingworldthechangedworldfadingflowersfadedflowersfallingleavesfallenleavesadevelopingcountryadevelopedcountryretiredworkers

anescapedprisonerreturnedstudents

e.g.

Ihavemuchwork

todo.Thebuilding

tobefinishedattheendofthisyearwillbe

ourlabbuilding.

Thebird

singinginthetree

isverybeautiful.

Didyouseetheboy

beingquestioned

bythepolice?2.todo

tobedonedoingbeingdone表示一個(gè)將來的動(dòng)作表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作表示一個(gè)將來的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的主動(dòng)動(dòng)作Iknowthepeople

building

thehousethere.Thehouse

beingbuiltoverthereisashop.Thehouse

builtoverthereisashop.(主動(dòng)、進(jìn)行）(被動(dòng)、進(jìn)行)(被動(dòng)、完成）Exercises1.Therepairscostalot,butit’smoneywell

.

A.tospendB.spentC.beingspentD.spending2.Theprizeofthegameshowis＄30,000andanallexpenses_____vacationtoChina.A.payingB.paidC.tobepaidD.beingpaid3.Thedisc,digitally___inthestudio,soundedfantasticatthepartythatnight.A.recordedB.recordingC.toberecordedD.havingrecorded4.LindaworkedfortheMinnesotaManufacturingandMiningcompany,___as3M.A.knowingB.knownC.beingknownD.tobeknown

BBAB1.-ing作表語與-ed作表語的區(qū)別Whatasurprising

result!I

amsurprisedatwhathesaid.{Conclusion:現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動(dòng)的意義，常指事物；過去分詞表示被動(dòng)的意義，常指人。Fillintheblankswiththerightform.1.Ihadnothingtodo.Iwas______(bore)andlonely.2.Jacklookedevenmore_________(amaze)thanhefelt.3.Theresultswerevery______________(disappoint).4.Iwasthankedbythe__________(satisfy)customer.amazedboreddisappointingsatisfied過去分詞作表語Thewindowis

broken.Thewindow

wasbroken

bytheboy.

Conclusion:be+

過去分詞，如果表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)是系表結(jié)構(gòu)，此時(shí)它相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞；如果表示被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作是被動(dòng)語態(tài)，此時(shí)主語為動(dòng)作的承受者,后常跟by短語。2.過去分詞作表語和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的區(qū)別Compare:{（1）完全形容詞化了的動(dòng)詞-ed形式：可以被very等副詞修飾，可以有比較級等級形式。常見的有：bored,disappointed,excited,frightened,interested,pleased,puzzled,satisfied,surprised,tired,worried等。（2）有的動(dòng)詞-ed形式可以被副詞well修飾，如：built,cooked,done,dressed,known,prepared,written等。（3）其它副詞也可以修飾動(dòng)詞-ed形式，如：deeplymoved,highlydeveloped,heavily--populated等。注意事項(xiàng)（4）動(dòng)詞-ed形式作表語時(shí)，其后可以接介詞短語、不定式短語及that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。e.g.Heisverymuchdisappointedattheresult.Themotherwaspleasedtohearfromherson.I’msatisfiedthatyoudidn’ttellmealie.1.Aswejoinedthebigcrowd,Igot___frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC．lostD.missed2.Idon’tknowtherestaurant，butitis____tobequiteagoodone.A.saidB.toldC.spokenD.talked3.Theyoungmanseemstobe_____inlaw．

A.interestingB.interestedC.interestD.beinginterested4.Haveyoureadthenewsintoday'snewspaper？Thisnewssounds_____.

A.encouragingB.encouragedC.encourageD.toencourage5.----Shallwegoswimming?----OK.I’lljustgoandget_____.A.changedB.tochangeC.tobechangedD.changingExercises:AABAA1.及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示一個(gè)完成且被動(dòng)的動(dòng)作;不及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)只表示動(dòng)作的完成和狀態(tài)。

Whenhearrived,hefoundalltheworkfinished.Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.2.現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)表示一個(gè)主動(dòng)或正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作;現(xiàn)在分詞的被動(dòng)式作賓補(bǔ)表示一個(gè)正在進(jìn)行的被動(dòng)動(dòng)作。

Iamsorrytohavekeptyouwaiting.Isawthechildbeingbeatenbyhisfather.過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)

Thethiefwasbroughtinwithhishandstiedbehindhisback.

Withalltheworkfinished,hewentback.(2023·浙江1月高考）Withoneendofaropetiedtohiswaistandtheotherendaroundthetrunkofatree,Ziyadbeganclimbing.（1）讓某人做某事/讓某事（被人）做（2）遭受某種損失或某種不愿要的結(jié)果1.havesth.done

Yesterdayshehadherwalletstolen.Theoldmanhadhislegbrokenintheaccident.2.介詞with＋賓語＋過去分詞Thevillagershadmanytreesplantedjustthen.Ihavehadmybikerepaired.Exercises1.Youshouldunderstandthetrafficrulebynow.You’vehadit____oftenenough.

A.explainingB.toexplainC.explainD.explained2.Helenhadtoshout____abovethesoundofthemusic.A.makingherselfhearB.tomakeherselfhearC.makeherselfheardD.tomakeherselfheard3.Ifyouwant_____immediately,youhavetogiveussomemoneyinadvance.A.thattheworkbedoneB.theworkdoneC.tohavedonethejobD.thejobthatisdoneDDB4.Acookwillbeimmediatelyfiredifheisfound_____inthekitchen.

A.smokeB.smokingC.tosmokeD.smoked5.Themanagersdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee______thenextyear.A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryoutBC1.作時(shí)間狀語Toldofhismother’saccident,Jackphonedthehospital.TranslatedintoEnglish,thesentencewasfoundtohaveadifferentwordorder.Whenaskedtospeak,hecomplainedaboutthepoorservice.2.作原因狀語Caughtintherain,hehadafever.（2024·新高考II卷）Twoyearslater,asix-meter-tallpavilion,inspiredbyThe

PeonyPavilion,wasbuiltattheFirsGarden,justtenminutes’walkfromShakespeare’sbirthplace.過去分詞作狀語3.作條件狀語Givenmoretime,

I’llbeabletodoitbetter.Cleared,thissitewouldbeveryvaluable.Thehousewilllookbiggerifpaintedwhite.Shewillgladlycometoyourhouseifinvited.4.作讓步狀語Defeated,heremainedapopularboxer.Thoughtoldtostop,hekeptonwalking.Evenifgiveneveryopportunity,theywouldnotsucceed.5.作方式狀語Iamreturningyourletterasrequested.Hewaswalkingsadlyasifinjured.6.作伴隨狀語Marycameoutoftheroom,followedbyherdog.Acrowdrushedin,armedwithsticks.

1.Seen

fromthehill,ourschoollooksmorebeautiful.

2.Seeing

fromthehill,wecanseeourbeautifulschool.

3.Havingstudied

hard,hesucceededinpassingthefinalexam.

4.Havingbeentold

tostayinBeijing,theboydecidednottoreturntohisvillage.Conclusion:

1.過去分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞邏輯上的主語都為句子主語，但是過去分詞與主語之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，而現(xiàn)在分詞與主語之間存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系。2.現(xiàn)在分詞的完成被動(dòng)式和過去分詞兩者都可表示“完成”和“被動(dòng)”,但前者更加強(qiáng)調(diào)分詞動(dòng)作明顯先于謂語動(dòng)作;而后者的時(shí)間性不強(qiáng)。7.動(dòng)詞的-ed形式與-ing形式作狀語的區(qū)別：doing

havingdone

donehavingbeendone與句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，與句中謂語動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生與句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，先于謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生與句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系與句中主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且先于謂語動(dòng)作發(fā)生各種動(dòng)詞形式作狀語的區(qū)別Exercises:1.____intouseinApril2000,thehotlinewasmeantforresidentsreportingwaterandheatingsupplybreakdowns.A.PutB.PuttingC.HavingputD.Beingput2.____inawhiteuniform,helooksmorelikeacookthanadoctor.

A.Dressed B.TodressC.DressingD.Havingdressed3.____inthemountainsforaweek,thetwostudentswerefinallysavedbythelocalpolice.

A.HavinglostB.LostC.BeinglostD.Losing4.When_____help,oneoftensays“Thankyou.”or“It’skindofyou.”A.offeringB.toofferC.tobeofferedD.offered5.Whenfirst______tothemarket,theseproductsenjoyedgreatsuccess.A.introducingB.introducedC.introduceD.beingintroduced6.___withthesizeofthewho