浙江中考英語2022-2024年真題匯編-教師版-專題05 選詞填空

三年（2022-2024）中考英語真題分類匯編（浙江專用）專題05選詞填空一．語篇型選詞填空(2024浙江)將方框中所給詞（詞組）的適當(dāng)形式填入短文中，每詞僅用一次。acrossfastmouthtakeapieceofAdogfoundsomemeat.Hegotitandranawayas____1____ashecould.Onhiswayhome,hehadtogo___2___asmallriver.Justashewasgoingover,helookeddown.Intheriver,hesawadogwith____3____meat.“Imusthavethatmeat,too.”hesaid.“I____4____itfromthatdog.”Asheopenedhis____5____,hisownpiecefell,andwaslostinthewater.1.2.3.4.5.

【答案】1.fast2.across3.apieceof4.willtake##amgoingtotake5.mouth【解析】本文主要介紹了一只貪婪的狗最后把自己的肉也丟了的故事。1.句意：他抓住它，以最快的速度跑開了。根據(jù)“ranawayas...ashecould”可知是盡快跑開，asfastashecould“盡可能快地”。故填fast。2.句意：在回家路上，他不得不穿過一條小河。根據(jù)“go...asmallriver”可知是穿過一條河，across“穿過”。故填across。3.句意：在河里，他看見一只狗叼著一塊肉。根據(jù)“with...meat”可知是有一塊肉，apieceof“一塊”。故填apieceof。4.句意：我要從那條狗那里拿走。根據(jù)“itfromthatdog”可知把肉從那條狗那里拿走，take“拿走”，此處表示將來的動作，用一般將來時(shí)willdo/begoingtodo，主語是I，be動詞用am。故填willtake/amgoingtotake。5.句意：當(dāng)他張開嘴時(shí)，自己的肉掉了下來，掉進(jìn)了水里。根據(jù)“Asheopenedhis”可知是張開自己的嘴，mouth“嘴”。故填mouth。(2023寧波)用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,每詞僅用一次(每空一詞)。nearbyhappenstealhourfeelLastyear,myfriendsandIwentonatrip.Westartedearlyinthemorningandtraveledforseveral1onabus.Whenwearrived,everyonewastired.

Whileweweregettingoffthebus,Inoticedayoungman,probablyinhisearlytwenties,standingveryclosetooneofmyfriends.Suddenly,Irealizedthathewastryingto2myfriend'swalletfromherbag!I3reallynervous,butIknewIhadtotakeactiontostophim.Luckily,Isawtwopoliceofficersstanding4andgotanidea.SoIfelloverandcriedoutpainfully.Thepoliceofficersheardthatandcameovertohelp.Whentheywerebymyside,Itoldthemwhatwas5.Theycaughtthethiefrightaway.

Afterthat,wethankedthepoliceofficersandwentonwithourtriphappily.1.2.3.4.5.

答案1.hours根據(jù)語境及空前的for可知,空處需要填寫表示時(shí)間的名詞,結(jié)合備選單詞可知,應(yīng)選hour;hour是可數(shù)名詞,根據(jù)空前的several可知,此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式,故填hours。2.steal根據(jù)trytodosth.可知,此空需要用動詞原形,由空后的myfriend'swallet及后面的thief可知,這里說的是“偷錢包”,結(jié)合備選單詞可知,應(yīng)填steal。3.felt根據(jù)空后的形容詞nervous“緊張的”并結(jié)合備選單詞可知,應(yīng)選feel;根據(jù)but后的分句中的knew可知,此處要用一般過去時(shí),故填felt。4.nearby分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)并根據(jù)空前的standing可知,此處應(yīng)選擇副詞nearby,表示“在附近”。故填nearby。5.happening根據(jù)語境可知,此處指“我”告訴警察正在發(fā)生的事,“發(fā)生”的英文是happen,是不及物動詞,根據(jù)空前的was可知,這里用過去進(jìn)行時(shí),故填happening。詞匯積累trytodosth.試圖做某事;takeaction采取行動;fallover跌倒;rightaway馬上二、(2022寧波)用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,每詞僅用一次。(每空一詞)happenalsoshownaturemuchLaughterisgoodforyou,andthat'snojoke!Agoodlaughhelpsyourightaway.Whenyoulaugh,changes1inyourbody.Forexample,youtakein2airthanusual,whichisgoodforyourheart.Agoodlaughincreasesyourheartrate.Whenyoulaugh,yourbrainalsoreleases(釋放)chemicalsthatmakeyoufeelhappy.Laughingcanalsomakeyoufeelrelaxedforupto45minutes.

Laughtercan3reducepain.Youprobablydon'twanttochuckle(偷笑)whenyou'rehurt,butlaughterhelpsthebodymakeitsown4medicine.Laughingisalsogreatexercise!Research5thatlaughing100timesisasgoodasridingabikefor15minutes.

Sowhydon'tyoutrylaughingoutloudeveryday?1.2.3.4.5.

答案1.happen分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知設(shè)空處作主句謂語,并與changes“變化”連用,應(yīng)搭配“發(fā)生”,故選happen;根據(jù)從句中的helps可知時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主句主語changes是名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞應(yīng)用原形,故填happen。2.more與空后的air連用,應(yīng)選much,又根據(jù)下文thanusual可知應(yīng)使用其比較級,故填more。3.also設(shè)空處在can和reduce之間,因此推斷是副詞,修飾reduce;又根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知,第二段是在進(jìn)一步說明第一段中提出的“Laughterisgoodforyou”,故設(shè)空處意為“也,而且”,故填also。4.natural設(shè)空處修飾名詞medicine,應(yīng)用形容詞,因笑而生的藥物應(yīng)為天然的,應(yīng)用nature的形容詞形式,故填natural。5.shows空前的Research為主句主語,that引導(dǎo)賓語從句,因此設(shè)空處應(yīng)為主句謂語動詞;與research搭配應(yīng)選show,意為“顯示,表明”;根據(jù)從句中的is可知時(shí)態(tài)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),且主句主語Research是不可數(shù)名詞,故填shows。二．單句型選詞填空(2023嘉興)用方框中所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空,每詞僅用一次。udcartoonagainstatleast1.Itisourdutytoprotecttheforestfires.

2.Whichcharacterdoyoulikebetter,SupermanorSpider-Man?

3.Shewasverytobechosenasavolunteerforthe19thAsianGames.

4.Thedoctoradvisedmetotakeexercisefourtimesaweektokeepfit.

5.AcleverEnglishlearneroftenthemeaningsofthenewwordswhenhereads.

答案1.against根據(jù)protecttheforest可知,此處指保護(hù)森林免受火災(zāi),against“以防”符合句意,故填against。2.cartoon句意:超人和蜘蛛俠,你更喜歡哪個(gè)卡通人物?cartoon符合句意,故填ud根據(jù)bechosenasavolunteer和備選詞匯可知,她很驕傲成為志愿者,proud作表語,故填proud。4.atleast句意:醫(yī)生建議我每周至少鍛煉四次以保持健康。atleast符合句意,故填atleast。5.guesses根據(jù)“themeaningsofthenewwordswhenhereads”可知,此處指猜測詞義,句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),主語是第三人稱單數(shù),故填guesses。(2023金華)用方框中所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空。每詞限用一次。ourselveswillallkindsofseatloud1.Wherethereisa,thereisaway.

2.Wearereallyproudthatwecookedalldishesby.

3.You'dbetterspeakthanusualwhengivingaspeech.

4.It'scommontoseesomespecialforthoseinneedonbuses.

5.Studentsinourschoolarealwaysencouragedtodolaboractivities.

答案1.will“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.”表示“有志者,事竟成”,是一個(gè)諺語。故填will。2.ourselves根據(jù)“wecookedalldishesby”可知,所有菜都是“我們”自己做的,用反身代詞ourselves。故填ourselves。3.louder句意:演講時(shí)你最好比平時(shí)更大聲一點(diǎn)。根據(jù)than可知是說得更大聲一點(diǎn),用比較級。故填louder。4.seats根據(jù)forthoseinneedonbuses可知在公共汽車上有些特殊座位,seat“座位”,空前有some,此處用名詞復(fù)數(shù)。故填seats。5.allkindsof根據(jù)laboractivities可知是做各種各樣的活動,allkindsof“各種各樣的”。故填allkindsof。(2023紹興)用方框中所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空,每詞僅用一次。hardlyherselfunlessduringlookafter1.Tommadelotsoffriendshislifeasastudent.

2.LittleBobwon'tgotosleephismothertellshimastory.

3.Mr.Kingbyhisauntwhenhewasababy.

4.Maryhadtocookdinnerwhileherparentswereaway.

5.Thespeaker'svoicewassolowthatNancycouldhearhim.

答案1.during根據(jù)hislifeasastudent可知,此處指Tom在學(xué)生時(shí)代交了很多朋友,during“在……期間”,符合語境。故填during。2.unless句意:小鮑勃不肯睡覺,除非他媽媽給他講個(gè)故事。此處用unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。故填unless。3.waslookedafter句意:金先生小時(shí)候被他的阿姨照顧。lookafter“照顧”,符合語境。主語是動作的承受者,動作發(fā)生在過去,用一般過去時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。故填waslookedafter。4.herself句意:父母不在時(shí),瑪麗要自己做飯。herself“她自己”,符合語境,故填herself。5.hardly根據(jù)“Thespeaker'svoicewassolow”可知,演講者的聲音很低,所以Nancy幾乎聽不見,hardly“幾乎不”,符合語境,故填hardly。(2023麗水)用方框中所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空。每詞限用一次。anybodyrecyclesadwidelybyaccident1.Chinesefoodis________knownandenjoyedallaroundtheworld.2.Atruefriendissomeoneyoucanalwayssharehappinessand________with.3.Scoratesoncesaid,“Icannotteach________anything.Icanonlymakethemthink.”4.ChristopherColumbusdiscoveredthe“NewWorld”oftheAmericas________in1492.5.Mostoftherubbishinthistown________everydaythrougharainbowrecyclingsystem.1.2.3.4.5.

【答案】1.widely2.sadness3.anybody4.byaccident5.isrecycled【解析】1句意：中國食物在全世界都很有名，也很受歡迎。根據(jù)“Chinesefoodis...known”可知中國菜在全世界廣為知曉，widelyknown“廣為知曉”。故填widely。2句意：一個(gè)真正的朋友是一個(gè)你可以分享快樂和悲傷的人。根據(jù)“sharehappinessand”可知是分享快樂和悲傷，此處用名詞sadness“悲傷”。故填sadness。3句意：蘇格拉底曾經(jīng)說過：“我不能教任何人任何東西。我只能讓他們思考?！备鶕?jù)“Icannotteach...anything”可知是不能教任何人任何東西，否定句中用anybody“任何人”。故填anybody。4句意：克里斯托弗·哥倫布于1492年偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲“新大陸”。根據(jù)“discoveredthe‘NewWorld’oftheAmericas”可知是偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)的“新大陸”，byaccident“偶然”。故填byaccident。5句意：這個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)的大部分垃圾每天都通過彩虹回收系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行回收。根據(jù)“Mostoftherubbishinthistown”可知大部分的垃圾被回收，且根據(jù)“everyday”可知句子用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)bedone，主語是不可數(shù)名詞，be動詞用is；recycle的過去分詞為recycled。故填isrecycled。(2023臺州)用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，每詞僅用一次。protectwithoutgreetwiselynothing1.___________isawasteifyouhaveacreativemind.2.Don’tworry,I’msureyoucanmakeyourchoice___________.3.Mr.Watson___________alltheguestswarmlyastheyarrivedyesterdaymorning.4.It’srainingoutside,Youneedwarmclothesto____________youagainstthecold.5.__________doubt,theChinesearetheoneswhobestunderstandthebeautyofPekingopera.【答案】1.Nothing2.wisely3.greeted4.protect5.Without【解析】1.句意：如果你有創(chuàng)造力，沒有什么是浪費(fèi)的。根據(jù)“ifyouhaveacreativemind”和備選詞匯可知，有創(chuàng)造力什么都不會浪費(fèi)，nothing符合句意，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Nothing。2.句意：別擔(dān)心，我相信你會做出明智的選擇。根據(jù)“makeyourchoice”和備選詞匯可知，做出明智的選擇，副詞修飾動詞，wisely符合句意，故填wisely。3.句意：昨天早上，沃森先生熱情地迎接了所有到達(dá)的客人。根據(jù)“astheyarrivedyesterdaymorning”和備選詞匯可知，沃森先生迎接所有客人，句子時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，greeted符合句意，故填greeted。4.句意：外面在下雨，你需要保暖的衣服御寒。根據(jù)“youagainstthecold”和備選詞匯可知，保護(hù)自己對抗寒冷，動詞不定式符號to后接動詞原形，protect符合句意，故填protect。5.句意：毫無疑問，中國人是最了解京劇之美的人。根據(jù)“doubt”和備選詞匯可知，沒有疑問中國人最了解京劇，without符合句意，位于句首，首字母大寫。故填Without。(2022紹興)用方框中所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空,每詞僅用一次。repeatagainstmasterturnoffhumorous1.Remembertothelightsbeforeyouleavetheoffice.

2.Everyonewastouchedbythatgreaterhuperformance.

3.Icouldhearthesoundoftherainbeatingmywindowheavily.

4.Amongthethreeactors,Mr.Blackis.

5.Ithesentencethreetimes,buthestilldoesn'tunderstandit.

答案1.turnoffremembertodosth.記得做某事。根據(jù)語境以及所給詞可知設(shè)空處想表達(dá)“記得關(guān)燈”,故填turnoff。2.master's根據(jù)thatgreaterhu...performance以及所給詞可知這里指“大師的表演”。master大師,修飾名詞應(yīng)用名詞所有格形式,故填master's。3.against根據(jù)beating...mywindow以及所給詞可知這里是指“敲打我的窗戶”,即beatingagainst。故填against。4.themosthumorous根據(jù)Amongthethreeactors以及所給詞可知,此處包含比較范圍,故用形容詞的最高級形式作表語。故填themosthumorous。5.haverepeated根據(jù)“thesentencethreetimes,buthestilldoesn'tunderstandit”以及所給詞可知這里是指“重復(fù)這個(gè)句子”。repeat重復(fù),根據(jù)句意可知此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),第一個(gè)分句的主語是I,故填haverepeated。(2022舟山)用方框中所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空,每詞僅用一次。abovenearlyrelativereviewsmooth1.Isn'titapleasuretostudyandwhatyouhavelearnt?

2.It'satraditionforusChinesetovisitourandfriendsoften.

3.Nowadayselectriccarsgiveusamuchridethanearlierones.

4.ColorfulballoonswerehanginghighthesquaretocelebrateChildren'sDay.

5.WangYapinggaveasciencelessonfromspaceto1,500studentsfromfiveclassroomsacrossChinaonMarch23,2022.

答案1.review根據(jù)語境及and前面的study說明此處要填的詞應(yīng)該與學(xué)習(xí)相關(guān),且和study并列,因此填review。2.relativesand前后連接兩個(gè)并列的名詞,根據(jù)friends可知前面也要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,由語境可知填relatives。3.smoother后面有比較級的標(biāo)志詞than,由語境可知填形容詞smooth的比較級smoother。4.above后面是賓語thesquare,因此應(yīng)填above表示“在……之上”。5.nearly后面是一個(gè)數(shù)字,此處要表達(dá)接近這個(gè)數(shù)字,因此填nearly。(2022金華)用方框中所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空。每詞限用一次。borrowopinionintroubleproperlyseven1.Itisreallyimportantforustodress________inpublicplaces.2Don’tbeafraidwhenyouare________.Trytofindawayandgetout.3.Cindy________somebooksfromthelibrarybeforeshestartedherresearch.4.Asweallknow,SundayisthefirstdayofaweekandSaturdayisthe________.5.Whenyouhaveadifferent________withyourparents,listenortalktothemfirst.【答案】1.properly2.introuble3.borrowed4.seventh5.opinion【解析】1.句意：在公共場所穿著得體對我們來說真的很重要。根據(jù)“Itisreallyimportantforustodress...inpublicplaces.”以及所給詞可知要穿著得體，修飾動詞dress用副詞properly“得體地”。故填properly。2.句意：當(dāng)你遇到麻煩時(shí)不要害怕。試著想辦法解決。根據(jù)“Don’tbeafraidwhenyouare...Trytofindawayandgetout”以及所給詞可知，遇到麻煩時(shí)要想辦法解決，beintrouble“處于麻煩中”。故填introuble。3.句意：辛迪在開始研究之前從圖書館借了一些書。根據(jù)“somebooksfromthelibrary”以及所給詞可知是從圖書館借書，borrow“借”，根據(jù)“started”可知句子用一般過去時(shí)，動詞用過去式。故填borrowed。4.句意：眾所周知，星期天是一周的第一天，星期六是第七天。根據(jù)“SundayisthefirstdayofaweekandSaturdayisthe”以及所給詞可知，星期六是第七天，表示順序用序數(shù)詞seventh“第七”。故填seventh。5.句意：當(dāng)您與父母有不同意見時(shí)，請先傾聽或與他們交談。根據(jù)“Whenyouhaveadifferent...withyourparents,listenortalktothemfirst”以及所給詞可知是有不同的意見，不定冠詞a后加名詞單數(shù)opinion“意見”。故填opinion。(2022麗水)用方框中所給詞語的適當(dāng)形式填空。每詞限用一次。costpolitesafetywhoselookup1.Walkingisgoodforhealthandit________nothing.2.—________IDcardisonthedesk?—Oh,it’smine.3.Mandyisn’tallowedtodrivebecauseherparentsworryabouther________.4.Youcan________thenewwordsinthedictionarytohelpunderstandthetext.5.Whenyouareinanothercountry,itisimportanttoknowhowtoaskforhelp________.【答案】1.costs2.Whose3.safety4.lookup5..politely【解析】1.句意：散步對健康有益，而且不用花錢。此空缺少謂語動詞，根據(jù)“Walkingisgoodforhealthandit…nothing”及備選詞可知，散步不用花錢，cost“花費(fèi)”符合，句子是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語it是第三人稱單數(shù)形式，動詞用三單，故填costs。2.句意：——在桌子上是誰的身份證？——哦，是我的。根據(jù)答語“mine”可知，此空應(yīng)填whose表示“誰的”，句首首字母要大寫，故填Whose。3.句意：曼迪不允許開車，因?yàn)樗母改笓?dān)心她的安全。根據(jù)“Mandyisn’tallowedtodrivebecauseherparentsworryabout