Unit3TheWorldofSciencePeriod3Developingideas課件高一英語

Unit3TheWorldofScienceFRANKLIN`SEXPERIMENT:HowMuchIsTrue?DevelopingideasLearningaims1.Tounderstandthemainideaofthepassageandgetsomedetailedinformation.2.Togetthefeaturesofargumentationandfindoutthestructureofthepassage.3.Todevelopourcriticalthinkingandhaveclearjudgements.KnowaboutBenjaminFranklin.BenjaminFranklin(1706-1790)wasoneoftheFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesandhelpeddrafttheDeclarationofIndependence.Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.美國的開國元勛之一政治家作家印刷商出版商發(fā)明家外交官科學家Leading-inItprovediflighteningwasreallyproducedbyelectricityorsomethingelse.ReadthepassageandfindoutwhatFranklin’sexperimentaimedtoprove.GeneralreadingRaiseaquestionIsBenjaminFranklin`sfamousexperimentwithlightningafictionorafact?What`stheaimoftheexperiment?Toprovethatlightningwasaformofelectricity.Whatabouttheexperiment?Franklinraisedakitewithapieceofstringtiedtoit.Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.Aflashoflightninghitthekite,andelectricitywasconductedthroughthestringtothekey.Franklinthentouchedthekeywithhisfingerandgotanelectricshock.SpecificreadingContributions:1Formanyyear,morethanonegenerationofschoolchildrenhasbeenamazedbyFranklin`sbraveryandhisscientificapproachtolookingforthetruth.2Franklin,alongwithmanyotherscientists,hasinspiredusandtaughtusthatscientificexperimentsareimportantinordertoestablishthetruthandtocontributetowardslaterscientificdiscoveriesandinventions.Neitherthestorynorthedetailsoftheexperimentareentirelytrue.AnalysethequestionAlthoughithasbeenprovedthatFranklin`sexperimenttookplace,thedetailaboutthestringandthekeyistrue,scientistsallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewouldcertainlyhavediedfromtheelectricshock.Becausetheywanttoestablishthefact.Whydoscientistsoftenquestionacceptedideas?MorethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.ThesolutionAdmittedly,fictionisoftenmoreinterestingthanthetruth,inscience,factsshouldbeprovedbyexperimentsandresearch,andweshouldnotalwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear.Fromthepassagewecanlearn...

Somepartsofthestoriesaretrue,andsomearenot,becausetheydon’tfollowthecommonsense.However,thescientists’spiritofscientificexplorationiswhatmostlymatters.1Franklindidtheexperimentwithlightinginorderto____________.AhavefunBprovethatlightingisaformofelectricityCflyakiteDtoprovethathewasbrave2What`speople`sattitudetowardsFranklin`sexperiment?ADoubtful.BBelievable.CIndifferent.DNegative.3Whydoscientistsoftenquestionacceptedideas?ABecausetheythinktheyareclevererthanothers.BBecauseacceptedideasareoftenwrong.CBecausetheyonlybelieveinthemselves.DBecausetheywanttoestablishthefacts.SpecificreadingReadthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.4Accordingtothetext,whichstatementistrue?AActuallyFranklindidn`ttouchthekeyatall.BFranklindiedfromtheexperiment.CAllthescientistsbelievedthestoryoftheexperiment.DOnlyonescientisthadsomedoubtaboutthestory.5What`sthepurposeofthepassage?ATellusafunnystory.BTellusastoryofagreatscientist.CTellusthatweshouldn`talwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear.DTelluslightingisreallyproducedbyelectricity.6What’stheauthor’sattitudetowardsthestoryofFranklin’sexperiment?A.Doubtful.B.Curious.C.Objective.(客觀的）D.Notmentioned.

Thereisawell-knownstoryaboutBenjaminFranklin1___________hasintroducedgenerationsofchildrentoscience.2_________newresearchsuggeststhatthestorymaybefictioninsteadoffact.3____________(prove)iflightingwasproducedbyelectricity,Franklinraisedakitewithapieceofstring4_________(tie)toit.Ametalkey5___________(attach)toit.Whenaflashoflightinghitthekite,Franklinthentouchedthekeyandgot6_____electricshock.Thisprovedthatlightingwasaformofelectricity.Formanyyears,7___________(generation)ofschoolchildrenhavebeenamazedbyFranklin`sbraveryandscientificapproach8_____lookingforthetruth.However,morethanonescientisthasquestioned9______reallyhappened.TheyallagreethatifFranklinhadactuallytouchedthekey,hewould10_________(certain)havediedfromtheelectricshock.Soweshouldn`talwaysbelieveeverythingwereadorhear----evenifitisagreatstory.whichHoweverToprovetiedwasattachedangenerationstowhatcertainlyFillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.1.Whatqualitiesdoyouthinkagreatscientistshouldhave?

Think&

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Asagreatscientist,heorsheshouldhavemorethanonegoodquality,suchasbeingsmart,honest,objective,persistent,curious,imaginative,devotedandsoon.2.Inwhatwaysdoscientistscontributetosociety?Think&

share

First,scientificdiscoveriespromotethedevelopmentofoursociety.Secondly,thecontributionsofscientistsinmedicineextendourlifespan.Thirdly,scientistshaveinventedalotofsurprisingtoolsthatfundamentallyimproveourlivingstandards.1.attachv．系，綁，貼；使依戀；重視(教材原句)Ametalkeywasattachedtothestring.繩子上綁著一把金屬鑰匙。SoIhavenochoicebuttobotheryoutocorrectmymistakesinthematerialIattachtotheletter.所以我別無選擇，只能麻煩您糾正我在信中附帶的材料中的錯誤。(2022·全國甲卷)Heisattachedtotheoldferries.他很喜歡那些舊渡船。【知識拓展】(1)attachsth.tosth.

把……附在……上；把……固定到……上

attachimportance/significanceto...認為……重要/有意義(2)attachedadj. (作表語)依戀的；附屬于

beattachedto 附屬于；依戀(3)attachmentn. [C]附屬物；附件；[U]愛慕；依戀【即學即練】(1)Sheattachedastamp

theenvelopeandmaileditout.(2)Pleasefindmyapplicationletterinthis

(attach)．(3)我的父母一直非常重視讓我得到良好的教育。Myparentsalways

mygettingagoodeducation.toattachmentattachgreatimportanceto2.accountn．[C]描述，敘述；賬目，賬戶

vi.解釋，說明；(數(shù)量上、比例上)占(教材原句)

Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.事實上，不止一種說法表明，雖然牛頓確實受到了掉落的蘋果的啟發(fā)，但沒有證據(jù)表明蘋果砸在了他的頭上。(2023·全國乙卷)Whenweconsidercontactbetweenliterateandnon-literatesocietiessuchasthese,allourfirst-handaccountsarenecessarilytwisted,onlyonehalfofadialogue.當我們考慮諸如此類的有文化和無文化社會之間的接觸時，我們所有的第一手資料都必然是扭曲的，只有一半的對話?！局R拓展】(1)giveanaccountof...描述……

onaccountof 因為，由于onnoaccount 決不(位于句首時，句子要部分倒裝)oaccount 將……考慮在內(2)accountfor... 是……的原因；解釋；占(一定數(shù)量或比例)【即學即練】(1)AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccounts

about30percentoftotalglobalfertilizerconsumption.(2)Iftheyhadtakeneverything

account,theywouldnothavemadesuchamistake.(3)由于天氣不好，我們將運動會推遲了。Wedelayedthesportsmeet

．forintoonaccountof

thebadweatherapartfrom除……之外(教材原句)

Apartfrombeingasuccessfulstatesman,hewasalsowellknownasaleadingAmericanauthor,printerandpublisher,successfuldiplomat,creativescientistandinventor.他不僅是一位成功的政治家，還是美國著名的作家、印刷商和出版商、成功的外交家、富有創(chuàng)造力的科學家和發(fā)明家。Apartfromhard-working,hewasmodest.Nowonderhecouldmakegreatachievements.除了工作努力，他還很謙遜。難怪他取得了不起的成績。Theofficeisemptyapartfromthedustmanafterworkeveryday.每天下班后辦公室里除了清潔工，什么人也沒有。重點短語【知識拓展】apartfrom后接名詞、代詞或v.-ing作賓語，具體用法如下：(1)表示“除了……外(還)，此外”，相當于inadditionto或besides；(2)表示“除了……外(都)”，相當于except或but。apartfrom具有多重意義，既可代替besides，也可代替except或exceptforbesides表示“除了……之外(還有)”，即把除去的部分也包括在整體之內except表示“除了……之外”，在整體中減去一部分，除去的部分不包括在整體之內exceptfor表示“除……以外”，指說明整個基本情況后，對細節(jié)加以糾正，其后常接名詞【即學即練】選詞填空(apartfrom，except，besides，exceptfor)(1)

beingfunandgoodexercise,swimmingisaveryusefulskill.(2)Theshopisopeneveryday

onSundays.(3)It'sreallyagoodbook

thecover.apartfrom/exceptexceptfor/apartfromApartfrom/Besides同位語從句(教材原句)

Infact,morethanoneaccountsuggeststhatwhileNewtonwascertainlyinspiredbyafallingapple,thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.事實上，不止一種說法表明，雖然牛頓確實受到了掉落的蘋果的啟發(fā)，但沒有證據(jù)表明蘋果砸在了他的頭上。本句為復雜的主從復合句，句中that引導的是同位語從句。Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadallovertheschool.他們比賽獲勝的消息很快傳遍了整個學校。Theideathatyoucandothisworkwellwithoutthinkingisquitewrong.你認為不動腦筋就能做好這份工作的想法是完全錯誤的?！局R拓展】(1)在that引導的同位語從句中，that在從句中不作任何成分，也無具體意義，只起連接作用，但是一般不能省略；(2)引導同位語從句的連接詞還有whether、what、which、when、where、why、how等；(3)常接同位語從句的抽象名詞有belief、doubt、news、hope、possibility、fact、suggestion等?！炯磳W即練】(1)Imadeapromisetomyself

thisyear,myfirstyearinhighschool,wouldbedifferent.(2)Thequestion

Englishwillkeeponchanginginthefutureiseasytoanswersinceitiscertainthatthisprocesswillcontinue.(3)Ihavenoidea

wecandowiththesewastematerialsinthefuture.——判斷下列句子中的畫線部分是同位語從句還是定語從句(4)Thesuggestionthatthemeetingbepostponedmorningwasputforward.(5)Thesuggestionthatsheputforwardatthemeetingyesterdaymorningwasturneddown.thatwhetherwhat同位語從句定語從句實驗報告

實驗報告屬于說明文，內容是整理記錄下來的實驗目的、方法、過程、結果，然后寫成書面匯總材料。實驗報告要明確體現(xiàn)實驗目的、步驟和結果，對具體實驗現(xiàn)象的描述要客觀準確，分析要全面具體，語言要簡潔質樸、通俗易懂。

實驗報告在篇章結構上通常分為三部分：文章開頭部分需要介紹實驗背景和實驗目的；文章主體部分介紹實驗材料和實驗的具體步驟；結尾部分交代實驗結果和從中學到的知識或道理。Writing增分佳句1．描寫實驗目的：(1)．..carryoutanexperimenttofindout...(2)Theaimoftheexperimentistofind...(3)．..withthepurposeofdiscovering...2．描寫實驗用品：(1)Tocarryout/make/do/performtheexperiment,youneed...(2)Thefollowingthingsareneeded...(3)Thefollowingapparatusisused...3．描寫實驗方法或過程：(1)．..makegoodpreparationsfor...(2)Itisimportantthat...(3)．..dotheexperimentasfollows.(firstly,secondly,thirdly,finally;first,then,next,afterthat,twohours'later;afterseveraldays)(4)findabetterwayofdoing...(5)．..makeagoodstudyof...4．描寫實驗結論：(1)Fromthisexperimentwecanconclude...(2)．..draw/cometotheconclusionthat...(3)Wecanlearnfromtheexperimentthat...(4)Wecanfindoutthat...(5)Youcansee/discover...(6)Inconclusion...【活學活用】化學課上學習了關于溶解的知識后，請你根據(jù)下表做一個實驗，比較橘子汁和食用油在水中的溶解情況，然后用英語寫一份詞數(shù)80左右的實驗報告，并給出結論。實驗目的觀察橘子汁和食用油是否溶于水實驗器材試管；小勺實驗步驟1.將水分別注入兩個試管中，并確保水位相同；2．把兩種物質分別倒入裝有水的兩個試管中；3．5分鐘后觀察反應實驗結果橘子汁溶解了，食用油沒有任何變化參考詞匯：小勺(spoon)；溶解(dissolve)【遣詞造句】(1)遣詞①

實驗的目的

②

查明③

把……倒入…… ④

相等的 ⑤

同時 ⑥

五分鐘后theaim/thepurposeoftheexperimentfindoutatthesametimeo...fiveminuteslaterequal(2)造句①五分鐘后，橘子汁已經溶解了，但食用油仍在表面上。(普通表達)Afterfiveminutes,theorangejuicehasdissolved,buttheoilremainsonthesurface.(高級表達)

(用高級詞匯later、however改寫上面的句子)②橘子汁在水中很快溶解了，食用油在水中沒有任何反應。(普通表達)Orangejuicedissolvesinwaterquickly.Oilishardtodissolveinwater.(高級表達)

(用并列連詞while把上面的句子改寫成并列句)Orangejuicedissolvesinwaterquicklywhileoilishardtodissolveinwater.Fiveminuteslater,theorangejuicehasdissolved.However,theoilremainsonthesurface.【妙筆成篇】

Aim:Tofindoutwhetherorangejuiceandoildissolveinwater.

Apparatus:testtubes;spoons

Procedure:Pourwaterintotwotesttubes.Makesurethewaterlevelisequalineithertube.Putaspoonfuloforangejuiceintoonetube,andaspoonfulofoilintotheother.Putthemintothetubesatthesametime;leavethetubesforfiveminutes.

Result:Fiveminuteslater,theorangejuicehasdissolved.However,theoilremainsonthesurface.

Conclusion:Orangejuicedissolvesinwaterquicklywhileoilishardtodissolveinwater.1.electricelectricalelectronicelectricity2.attachattachedattachment3.amazeamazedamazingamazement4.discoverdiscovery5.entireentirely6.proveproof7.admitadmittedadmittedly認知詞匯拓展詞匯experimentlightningsuggestfictionestablishconductgenerationapproachquestiongravity

Summary應用詞匯1.raise:raiseachild;raisemoney/fund;raiseaquestion;raiseone’shand2.attach:attach...to...;beattachedto;attachimportanceto;attachment3.account:accountfor;oaccount;onaccountof;onnoaccount;giveanaccountof4.amaze:beamazedby/at核心短語1.introduce...to...2.flyakite3.electricshock4.alongwith5.establishthetruth6.contributeto7.neither...nor...8.diefrom9.comeupwith10.morethan同位語從句：...thereisnoproofthatithithimonthehead.在that引導的同位語從句中，that在從句中不作任何成分，也無具體意義，只起連接作用，但是一般不能省略；常接同位語從句的抽象名詞有belief、doubt、news、hope、possibility、fact、suggestion等。eg:Thenewsthattheyhadwonthegamesoonspreadallovertheschool.重點句式課時重點回顧Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Theyhave

(貼；附)anumberofconditionstotheagreement.2.Wehave

(證據(jù))thatthismandidn'tstealyourcar.3.Thisbookhasgivenusavivid

(描述)ofthelifeinthedesert.4.Theteacherfeltsatisfiedwiththe