Unit4NaturalDIsastersDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件高中英語(yǔ)人教版(1)2

RelativeClauseUnit4DiscoveringUsefulStructures形容詞名詞介詞短語(yǔ)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞從句(定語(yǔ)從句）Sheisabeautifulgirl.Amyisawomanteacher.Thegirlinredismysister.Ihavesomethingtosay.Theboymakingfaceismyson.Japanisadevelopedcountry.Ilikepeoplewhosmilesalot.1定義：修飾名詞或代詞，常譯為“的”2什么可以做定語(yǔ)一、什么是定語(yǔ)?定語(yǔ)從句1定義2結(jié)構(gòu)從句3類型在復(fù)合句中修飾名詞或代詞的句子。表示...的，作用相當(dāng)于形容詞先行詞關(guān)系詞被修飾的名詞或代詞引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句的詞限制性定語(yǔ)從句非限制性定語(yǔ)從句eg.Thereisagirl

who

wantstoseeyou.二、什么是定語(yǔ)從句?whichthatwhowhosewhomaswhenwherewhy三、關(guān)系詞的分類四、限制性定語(yǔ)從句VS非限制性定語(yǔ)從句名稱意義結(jié)構(gòu)功能例子限制性定語(yǔ)從句Thereisagirl

who

wantstoseeyou.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句Ourguide,whowasaFrenchCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.起限定作用，指特定的人或者物，若省掉，句意不完整僅作補(bǔ)充說明，若省掉，原句句意完整用逗號(hào)隔開修飾先行詞修飾先行詞或者整個(gè)句子緊跟先行詞，不加逗號(hào)在從句中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)替代agirlThereisagirl

who

wantstoseeyou.五、關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的的三個(gè)作用:1.連接作用：引導(dǎo)從句，把從句和它所修飾的內(nèi)容連接起來。2.替代作用：在從句中替代被從句修飾的先行詞。3.充當(dāng)成分：在從句中充當(dāng)一定的句子成分，如主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)等。TheTangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatmygreat-grandmacannotforget.Thecouplewholivenexttousvolunteeredtohelpafterthevolcanoerupted.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.Mr.Liisanarchitectwhosedesignsforthenewtownhavewonpraise.AdoctorwithwhomJamesusedtoworkdiedinthe2016earthquakeinEcuador.Findouttheantecedentsandunderlinetherestrictiverelativeclauses(限制性定語(yǔ)從句)inthesentencesbelow.感知關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的

定語(yǔ)從句探究與總結(jié)關(guān)系代詞的用法Workingroups,discussandanalysethesentencesandthenfindouttherulesofusingrelativepronouns.1)Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.2)Thepackagewhichyouarecarryingisabouttofall.1)Tangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethateveryonecannotforget.2)Iknowthegirlthatlostherhomeinthedisaster.3)Afterthetyphoon,ourschoolisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.1)Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.2)Shewantstofindthegirlwhoshehelpedintheearthquake.1)Theman

whomyousawjustnowisfromtherescueteam.2)Roseisthepersonwhomyoushouldlookafter.1)Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.2)Thebuildingswhosewallshadcrackswerenolongersafeforpeopletolivein.which的用法1.Thesupplieswhichwereprovidedtothedisasterareawerecollectedfromaroundthecountry.

2.ThisisacarwhichIboughtlastmonth.指代thesupplies,在從句中作主語(yǔ)指代Thecar,在從句中作賓語(yǔ)which在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，先行詞是物。that的用法that在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)，先行詞是人或物。1.Tangshanearthquakewasaterribleexperiencethatthemothercannotforget.2.Iknowthegirlthatlostherhomeinthedisaster.3.Afterthetyphoon,ourschoolisnolongertheplacethatitusedtobe.指代thegirl,在從句中作主語(yǔ)指代experience，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)指代theplace，在從句中作表語(yǔ)1.Twothirdsofthepeoplewholivedthereweredeadorinjured.2.Shewantstofindthegirlwhoshehelpedintheearthquake.指代people，在從句中作主語(yǔ)指代thegirl,在從句中作賓語(yǔ)who的用法who在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，先行詞是人，不是物。1.Theman

whom

yousawjustnowisfromtherescueteam.

2.Roseisthepersonwhomyoushouldlookafter.指代theman，在從句中作saw的賓語(yǔ)，指代theperson,在從句中作lookafter的賓語(yǔ)whom在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ),先行詞是人，不是物。whom的用法1.Workersbuiltsheltersforsurvivorswhosehomeshadbeendestroyed.

2.Thebuildingswhosewallshadcrackswerenolongersafeforpeopletolivein.whose在從句中作定語(yǔ)，限定兩個(gè)名詞之間的所屬關(guān)系。先行詞既可以是人，也可以是物。

survivor’s，作定語(yǔ)thebuildings’，作定語(yǔ)

whose的用法whose引導(dǎo)定從的變形whose引導(dǎo)的定從還可以轉(zhuǎn)換為“of+關(guān)系代詞”型，即the

+n+ofwhich(物)/

whom(人)=ofwhich/

whom

+

the

+n

egTheyliveinahouse,whosedooropenstothesouth.=Theylivedinahouse,_________________openstothesouth.=Theylivedinahouse,

_________________

opentothesouth.ofwhich

thedoor

thedoorof

which指人指物主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)that

whichwhowhomwhose√總結(jié)：關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中的用法何時(shí)可以省略？做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)可以省略√√√√√√√√√√√√1)Finally,thethiefhanded

everythingthathehadstolentothepolice.2)Hewastheonlyonethatcouldhelpusatthemoment.3)ThefirstEnglishbookthatIreadwas"ThePrinceandthePauper"byMarkTwain.

當(dāng)先行詞是anything,nothing,much,everything,all,few,any,little等不定代詞時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞被all,every,theonly,thevery,

few,little,no,some等修飾時(shí)當(dāng)先行詞為序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)，或先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級(jí)修飾時(shí)Attention!!!關(guān)系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）只用that,不用which的情況：4)Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschoolthathevisited.5)Whoisthemanthatisstandingthere?

當(dāng)先行詞既有人又有物時(shí)Attention!!!關(guān)系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）宜用that,不用which的情況：當(dāng)主句是由who或which開頭的疑問句時(shí)1)Thesebooks,whichyoucangetatanycornerofthetownwillgiveyoualltheinformation.2)Thosearemanytreesunderwhichtheycanhavearest.3)That

whichyoutoldhimisexciting.Attention!!!關(guān)系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）只用which，不用that的情況：1)在非限制性定性定語(yǔ)從句中2)關(guān)系代詞前面出現(xiàn)介詞時(shí)，指物只能用which，指人只能用whom3)當(dāng)先行詞本身是that時(shí)指代人且做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，關(guān)系代詞既可以用who也可以用that。這些情況用who而不用that：1)當(dāng)先行詞為anyone，one，everyone,someone等不定代詞或人稱代詞時(shí)。2)當(dāng)先行詞為指人的those或是被those修飾的人時(shí)。3)當(dāng)先行詞是people或表示人的集體名詞時(shí)。1）Ishetheonewhowantstoseeyou?HewhodoesnotreachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.2）Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.Sheisoneofthosewomenwhoalwaysmaketheworstoftheirtroubles.3)Iknowthepeoplewhoarestandingthere.Attention!!!關(guān)系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）若關(guān)系代詞前有介詞時(shí)，用whom。指代人且做賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可用who也可以用whom。這些情況用whom而不用who：Mostyoungpeople,mostofwhomwerewell-educated,headedfordistantregionstochasetheirdreams.Attention!!!關(guān)系代詞的選擇（特殊情況）如何選擇關(guān)系詞？Step1Step2Step3識(shí)別定從，找到先行詞判斷先行詞代指人還是物判斷從句中缺少什么成分選定恰當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞口訣:

前看先行詞,辯清人或物

后看從句里,有無主賓語(yǔ)Thisisthecollege________________Ivisitedthreeyearsago.先行詞定語(yǔ)從句thecollege在從句充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)先行詞指物，作賓語(yǔ)，用that/which/不填1.Isthisthefactory_________youvisitedlastweek?2.Ourclassisabigfamily__________consistsof23girlsand29boys.3.YaoHuiistheboy______Englishstudyisverygoodinourclass.4.Theytalkedaboutthingsandpersons_______theyrememberedintheschool.5.Doyouknowtheboy_________threwthestoneatthewindow?6.Thewoman______________youmetyesterdayismyaunt.7.Pleasegetreadyforeverything_____weneed.8.Theinjuredboy_________motherwaslostinthedisasterwastakentothehospital.9.Thisisthebestfilm______Ihaveeverseen.10.Thisistheverybook______I’mlookingfor.11.Thebook,____________Iboughtyesterday,isveryhelpful.which/thatwhich/thatwhosewho/thatFillintheblanks

who/whom/thatwhosethatthatthatthatwhichDescribewhatthedisastersarelikeaccordingtothegiveninformation.tornado（龍卷風(fēng)）

violentstormwithverystrongwindsmoveinacircleAtornadoisaviolentstormwithverystrongwindswhichmoveinacircle.Describewhatthedisastersarelikeaccordingtothegiveninformation.tsunami（海嘯）

extremelylargewaveintheseacausedbyanearthquakeAtsunamiisanextremelylargewaveintheseawhichisoftencausedbyanearthquake.Describewhatthedisastersarelikeaccordingtothegiveninformation.flood（洪水）

alargeamountofwater

coveranareausuallydryareasAfloodisalargeamountofwatercoveringanareathatisusuallydry.Describewhatthedisastersarelikeaccordingtothegiveninformation.Whoistheman?Whatishedoing?Whathappenedtothebaby?Themanwhoisholdingthebabyisafirefighter.Afirefighterisholdingthebabywhosurvivedtheearthquake.Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,or"/".ThentranslatethesentencesintoChinese.(P52)1.Herearesomeofthepeople__________homesweredestroyed.2.Theterribleshakingofthebuildingwokeupallthe

people___________wereasleep.3.Thenextday,peopleputupsheltersintheopenairusing

anything_________theycouldfind.4.Severaldayslater,mostofthebuildings____________hadbeendamagedbythehuricanewererepaired.whosewho/thatthat//that/which有些人的家園被臺(tái)風(fēng)摧毀了。建筑物可怕的晃動(dòng)驚醒了沉睡中的人們。

第二天，人們用能找到的一切物品在空地上搭建起避難所。

幾天后，大多數(shù)在颶風(fēng)中被損壞的建筑物得到了修繕。

Completeeachsentencewiththat,which,who,whose,whom,or"/".Thentranslatethesentences