翻譯二級筆譯實務(wù)2012年11月

翻譯二級筆譯實務(wù)2012年11月SectionⅠEnglish-ChineseTranslation1.

TuckedawayinthissmallvillageinBuckingha（江南博哥）mshireCountyistheformerElizabethancoachinginnwhereWilliamShakespeareissaidtohavepennedpartofAMidsummerNight'sDream.

Datingfrom1534,theinn,nowcalledShakespeareHouse,isthoughttohavebeenbuiltasaTudorhuntinglodge.LateritbecameastopfortravelersbetweenLondonandStratford-upon-Avon,whereShakespearewasbornandburied.

ItwasBriefLives,a17th-centurycollectionofbiographiesbyJohnAubrey,thatlinkedShakespearetotheinn,sayingthathehadstayedthereanddrawninspirationforthecomedywhileinthevillage.

Oneofthecurrentowners,NickUnderwood,saidthelocalloregoesevenfurther:"ItisalsosaidheappearsattheorielwindowonthetopfloorofthehouseonApril23everyyear—thedateheissaidtohavebeenbornandtohavedied."

"Inlateryears,thehouselaterbecameafarmhouse,with150acresofland,but,overtime,piecesweresoldoff,"Mr.Underwoodsaid."Inthe20thcentury,itwasownedbytwoAmericanfamilies."Now,heandhisco-owner,RoyElsbury,haveputtheseven-bedroompropertyonthemarketat￡1.375million,or$2.13million.

Despiteitsvariedusesandrenovationsovertheyears,the4,250-square-foot,or395-square-meter,innhasretainedsomuchofitsoriginalcharacterthattheorganizationEnglishHeritagelistsitasaGradeIIproperty,indicatingthatitisparticularlyimportantandof"morethanspecialinterest."Only27percentofthe1,600buildingsontheorganization'sregisterhavethisdesignation.正確答案：這家前伊麗莎白時期的驛站旅館坐落于白金漢郡的這個小村落之中，據(jù)說莎士比亞的《仲夏夜之夢》有一部分書稿就是在這里完成的。

這家旅館現(xiàn)在改稱“莎士比亞故居”，始建于1534年，有人認(rèn)為旅館最初是作為都鐸王朝時期的狩獵旅館，后來成為往返倫敦和斯特拉特福的旅客中途歇腳的地方。斯特拉特福是莎士比亞的出生地，也是他的安葬地。

發(fā)現(xiàn)莎士比亞與這個小旅館之間存在淵源的是約翰·歐伯雷編著的17世紀(jì)傳記選集《名人簡傳》。傳記中提到，莎士比亞在這個村莊逗留時一直下榻該旅館，并在此為創(chuàng)作喜劇《仲夏夜之夢》汲取了大量靈感。

尼克·安德伍德現(xiàn)在與他人共同擁有這座房產(chǎn)。他說，當(dāng)?shù)赜嘘P(guān)這座房產(chǎn)的傳說更是神乎其神：“莎士比亞每年4月23號都會出現(xiàn)在頂樓的凸窗旁，據(jù)說這天即是他的生日也是他的忌日?！?/p>

“后來，這個旅館變成了一個農(nóng)舍，當(dāng)時擁有150英畝土地。但是，土地后來都一塊塊被賣掉了，”安德伍德說，“到了20世紀(jì)，兩個美國家庭成了這座房產(chǎn)的主人?！爆F(xiàn)在安德伍德和房產(chǎn)的共同擁有者羅伊·艾爾斯伯里(RoyElsbury)將這個有七個臥室的房產(chǎn)掛牌出售，售價137.5萬英鎊(約合213萬美元)。

盡管這些年來這座房產(chǎn)用途幾經(jīng)變化，歷經(jīng)多次修葺，但是這個面積達(dá)4250平方英尺(約395平方米)的小旅館仍然大致保留了其原始風(fēng)貌，英國遺產(chǎn)組織將其列為國家二級文物保護(hù)單位，表明該處遺產(chǎn)具有特殊意義，“并非僅僅是特色故居”。英國遺產(chǎn)組織在冊的1600多棟建筑里只有27%的建筑享此殊榮。

2.

TheancientfrozendomecloakingGreenlandissovastthatpilotshavecrashedintowhattheythoughtwasacloudbankspanningthehorizon.Flyingoverit,youcanscarcelyimaginethatitcoulderodefastenoughtodangerouslyraisesealevelsanytimesoon.

Alongtheflanksinspringandsummer,however,thepictureisverydifferent.Foranincreasingnumberofwarmyears,anetworkofbluelakesandrivuletsofmelt-waterhasbeenspreadingeverhigherontheicecap.

Themeltingsurfacedarkens,absorbinguptofourtimesasmuchenergyfromthesunassnow,whichreflectssunlight.Naturaldrainpipescalledmoulinscarrywaterfromthesurfaceintothedepths,insomeplacesreachingbedrock.

Theprocessslightly,butmeasurably,lubricatesandacceleratesthegrindingpassageoficetowardsthesea.

Mostimportant,manyglaciologistssay,isthebreak-upofhugesemi-submergedclotsoficewheresomelargeGreenlandglaciers,particularlyalongthewestcoast,squeezethroughfiordsastheymeetthewarmingocean.Asthesepassageshavecleared,thishassharplyacceleratedtheflowofmanyofthesecreeping,corrugatedandfrozenrivers.

Someglaciologistsfearthattheriseinseasinawarmingworldcouldbemuchgreaterthantheupperestimateofabout60centimetersthiscenturymadebytheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChangelastyear.(Seasroselessthan30centimeterslastcentury.)

Thepanel'sassessmentdidnotincludefactorsknowntocontributetoiceflowsbutnotunderstoodwellenoughtoestimatewithconfidence.SCIENTIFICscrambleisunderwaytoclarifywhethertheerosionoftheworld'smostvulnerableicesheets,inGreenlandandwestAntarctica,cancontinuetoaccelerate.Theeffortinvolvesfieldandsatelliteanalysesandsiftingforcluesfrompastwarmperiods.

Thingsaredefinitelyfarmoreseriousthananyonewouldhavethoughtfiveyearsago.正確答案：格陵蘭島上覆蓋著的遠(yuǎn)古冰穹一望無際，許多飛行員飛過上空時都曾誤以為是地平線上的云層而撞上失事。從空中俯瞰的話，很難想象冰穹融化速度是如此之快，過不了多久海平面就將上升至危險水平。

但是，在春夏季節(jié)，冰穹兩側(cè)的景象則迥然不同。隨著溫暖年份不斷增多，融冰形成的藍(lán)色冰川湖和溪澗逐漸自下而上侵蝕著冰帽/在冰穹上的海拔越來越高。

融冰的表層發(fā)黑，吸收的太陽熱量是雪的四倍，因為雪可以反射太陽光。冰川壺穴是天然排水管，融冰水通過壺穴從表層一直滲透至底層，在有些地區(qū)甚至?xí)竭_(dá)底部基巖。

整個過程對冰劃入海洋起著潤滑和加速的作用，雖然過程緩慢，但是作用明顯。

在格陵蘭島的一些大型冰川特別是西海岸的冰川在進(jìn)入逐漸變暖的海洋前勉強(qiáng)穿過峽灣，這時一些大型的半潛入水中的巨大冰體會斷裂開來，許多冰川學(xué)家認(rèn)為這是最重要的一環(huán)。當(dāng)冰川通過峽灣后，這些緩慢流動、泛著波紋的融冰河流動速度將大大加快。

去年聯(lián)合國政府間氣候變化專家小組曾預(yù)測，本世紀(jì)海平面升幅上限為約60厘米，但是，一些冰川學(xué)家擔(dān)心，隨著全球變暖不斷加劇，海平面升幅可能會遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)高于上述預(yù)測。(上世紀(jì)，海平面上升幅度不到30厘米。)

專家小組的預(yù)測并沒有考慮到那些影響冰流的人類已知但尚未了解透徹的因素，只有對這些因素有了全面認(rèn)識才能做出準(zhǔn)確預(yù)測?，F(xiàn)在正在開展一些科考活動，以確定格陵蘭島和南極洲西部等冰川易融地區(qū)冰川的融化速度是否會繼續(xù)加快，其中包括實地考察、衛(wèi)星分析以及研究過去地球溫暖周期的變化情況。

現(xiàn)在形勢肯定比各方五年前預(yù)估的情況要嚴(yán)峻得多。

SectionⅡChinese-EnglishTranslation1.

中國是一個發(fā)展中國家。多年來，中國在致力于自身發(fā)展的同時，始終堅持向經(jīng)濟(jì)困難的其他發(fā)展中國家提供力所能及的援助，承擔(dān)相應(yīng)國際義務(wù)。

中國仍量力而行，盡力開展對外援助，幫助受援國增強(qiáng)自主發(fā)展能力，豐富和改善人民生活，促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和社會進(jìn)步。中國的對外援助，發(fā)展鞏固了與廣大發(fā)展中國家的友好關(guān)系和經(jīng)貿(mào)合作，推動了南南合作，為人類社會共同發(fā)展作出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。

中國對外援助堅持平等互利，注重實效，與時俱進(jìn)，不附帶任何政治條件，形成了具有自身特色的模式。

中國的對外援助政策具有鮮明的時代特征，符合自身國情和受援國發(fā)展需要。中國是世界上最大的發(fā)展中國家，人口多、底子薄、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡。發(fā)展仍然是中國長期面臨的艱巨任務(wù)，這決定了中國的對外援助屬于南南合作范疇，是發(fā)展中國家間的相互幫助。

中國對外援助政策堅持平等互利、共同發(fā)展、堅持與時俱進(jìn)。

當(dāng)前，全球發(fā)展環(huán)境依然十分嚴(yán)峻。國際金融危機(jī)影響尚未消退，氣候變化、糧食危機(jī)、能源資源安全、流行性疾病等全球性問題給發(fā)展中國家?guī)硇碌奶魬?zhàn)，新形勢下，中國對外援助事業(yè)任重道遠(yuǎn)。中國政府將著力優(yōu)化對外援助結(jié)構(gòu)，提高對外援助質(zhì)量，進(jìn)一步增強(qiáng)受援國自主發(fā)展能力，提高援助的針對性和實效性。中國作為國際社會的重要成員，將一如既往地推進(jìn)南南合作，在經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上逐步加大對外援助投入，與世界各國一道，推動實現(xiàn)聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)，為建設(shè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界而不懈努力。正確答案：譯文一

Chinaisadevelopingcountry.Overtheyears,whilefocusingonitsowndevelopment,Chinahasbeenprovidingaidtothebestofitsabilitytootherdevelopingcountrieswitheconomicdifficulties,andfulfillingitsdueinternationalobligations.

Chinaremainsadevelopingcountrywithalowper-capitaincomeandalargepoverty-strickenpopulation.Inspiteofthis,Chinahasbeendoingitsbesttoprovideforeignaid,tohelprecipientcountriestostrengthentheirself-developmentcapacity,enrichandimprovetheirpeople'slivelihood,andpromotetheireconomicgrowthandsocialprogress.Throughforeignaid,Chinahasconsolidatedfriendlyrelationsandeconomicandtradecooperationwithotherdevelopingcountries,promotedSouth-Southcooperationandcontributedtothecommondevelopmentofmankind.

Adheringtoequalityandmutualbenefit,stressingsubstantialresults,andkeepingpacewiththetimeswithoutimposinganypoliticalconditionsonrecipientcountries,China'sforeignaidhasemergedasamodelwithitsowncharacteristics.

China'sforeignaidpolicyhasdistinctcharacteristicsofthetimes.ItissuitedbothtoChina'sactualconditionsandtheneedsoftherecipientcountries.Chinaistheworld'slargestdevelopingcountry,withalargepopulation,apoorfoundationanduneveneconomicdevelopment.Asdevelopmentremainsanarduousandlong-standingtask,China'sforeignaidfallsintothecategoryofSouth-Southcooperationandismutualhelpbetweendevelopingcountries.

China'sforeignaidpolicyadherestoequality,mutualbenefitandcommondevelopment,andkeepspacewiththetimes.

Currently,theenvironmentforglobaldevelopmentisnotfavorable.Withtherepercussionsoftheinternationalfinancialcrisiscontinuingtolinger,globalconcernssuchasclimatechange,foodcrisis,energyandresourcesecurity,andepidemicofdiseaseshavebroughtnewchallengestodevelopingcountries.Againstthisbackground,Chinahasalongwaytogoinprovidingforeignaid.TheChinesegovernmentwillmakeeffortstooptimizethecountry'sforeignaidstructure,improvethequalityofforeignaid,furtherincreaserecipientcountries'capacityinindependentdevelopment,andimprovethepertinenceandeffectivenessofforeignaid.Asanimportantmemberoftheinternationalcommunity,ChinawillcontinuetopromoteSouth-Southcooperation,asitalwayshasdone,graduallyincreaseitsforeignaidinputonthebasisofthecontinuousdevelopmentofitseconomy,promotetherealizationoftheUNMillenniumDevelopmentGoals,andmakeunremittingeffortstobuild,togetherwithothercountries,aprosperousandharmoniousworldwithlastingpeace.

譯文二

Asadevelopingcountry,Chinahasremainedcommittedtoaidingeconomicallytroubled/challengeddevelopingcountrieswithintherealmofitscapabilityandtakingoncorrespondinginternationalobligationswhileadvancingitsowndevelopment.

Chinaprovidesforeignaidasitscapacitypermitsaspartofitseffortstoassistrecipientcountriesinbuildinguptheircapacityofindependentdevelopment,improvingpeople'swell-beingandfosteringeconomicgrowthandsocialprogress.China'sforeignaidcommitmentshavesolidifiedChina'sfriendshipandbusinesstieswiththerestofthedevelopingworld,spurredSouth-Southcooperationandcontributedalottocommondevelopmentofhumankind.

China'sforeignaidendeavorshavedistinctiveChinesefeatures,asChinaoffersforeignaidonthebasisofequalityandmutualbenefitandinwaysthatareresult-oriented,advancewiththetimesandhavenopoliticalstringsattached.

China'sforeignaidpolicyishighlyrelevantasitreflectsChina'sownnationalrealityandmeetsdevelopmentneedsofrecipientcountries.Astheworld'slargestdevelopingcountry,Chinaremainschallengedbyalargepopulation,aweakeconomicfoundationanduneveneconomicdevelopment.ThismeansChinahasalong,hardjourneytogobeforeitgetsfullydeveloped/developmentremainsalong-term,arduoustask.Inthisconnection,China'sforeignaidfallsunderSouth-Southcooperationandshallbedefinedasmutualassistanceamongdevelopingcountries.

China'sforeignaidpolicyisbasedonequalityandmutualbenefit,orientedtowardscommondevelopmentandhighlyrelevanttothedynamicsofourtimes.

Atthemoment,globaldevelopmentenvironmentremainsrathergrim/grave/daunting/challenging/formidable.Theinternationalfinancialcrisisisstillwithus/wearestillreelingfromtheimpactoftheinternationalfinancialcrisis,anddevelopingcountriesarenowexposedtoemergingglobalchallenges,suchasclimatechange,foodcrisis,energyandresourceinsecurity,andepidemicoutbreaks.ThismeansChinamustremaincommittedtoforeignaidefforts.Goingforward,theChinesegovernmentwillworktoupgradeitsforeignaidmix,elevatethequalityofforeignassistancetoboostthecapacityofaidedcountriesinindependentdevelopment,andmakeforeignaidavailableinamorerelevantandtimelyfashion.Asanimportantmemberoftheinternationalcommunity,ChinawillrenewitscommitmenttopushSouth-Southcooperationforwardandscaleupitsforeignaidasitseconomygrows.ChinawilljointherestoftheworldinachievingtheUNMillenniumDevelopmentGoalsandbuildingaharmoniousworldofenduringpeaceandcommonprosperity.

2.

作為遠(yuǎn)古人類留給我們的寶貴的文化遺產(chǎn)，巖畫堪稱是記載人類早期社會生活的百科全書，它不僅傳承著源遠(yuǎn)流長的古代文明，也是史前人類文化、宗教、民俗以及原始藝術(shù)史的見證。

在世界上，中國巖畫是誕生最早、分布最廣、內(nèi)容最豐富的國家之一，而賀蘭山又是華夏土地上遺存最集中、題材最廣泛、保存最完好的巖畫地區(qū)之一。在賀蘭山腹地，共發(fā)現(xiàn)20余處遺存巖畫，其中最具代表性的是賀蘭山賀蘭口巖畫。

賀蘭山巖畫在山口內(nèi)外分布著近6000幅巖畫，其中罕為人見的人面像巖畫就有70幅之多。據(jù)考證，賀蘭山口巖畫是不同時期先后刻制的，大多為北方游牧民族創(chuàng)作。巖畫造型粗獷稚拙、構(gòu)圖樸實自然，牛、馬、驢、鹿、鳥、虎等動物栩栩如生，各種人頭的造型同樣是千奇百態(tài)。憑著自己對社會現(xiàn)實的理解與感悟，對美好生活的追求與向往，把自己的親身感受與體驗，忠實地記錄在巖石之上，同時也為后人留下了神秘瑰麗的賀蘭山巖畫。

有學(xué)者說賀蘭口是史前人類憑借自然魅力打造的祭祀圣地，又有專家認(rèn)為，賀蘭口巖畫是象形文字前的圖畫文字，在文字沒有發(fā)明前，這里的人們艱難地把他們的理想、愿望、歡樂、悲傷，通過巖畫的形式表現(xiàn)出來。于是，在亙古不變的賀蘭山上，寫就了一部史前人類的“天書”。正確答案：Asaninvaluableculturallegacyleftoverfromancienttimes,rockpaintingscanbecollectivelybilledasanencyclopediathatdocumentshowhumankindeverlivedinearlydaysofhumansociety.Thesetime-honoredpaintingsareconvenientcarriersofancientcivilizationsandbearwitnesstoprehistoriccultures,religions,folkwaysandprimitivearts.

Chinaishometosomeoftheearliestrockpaintingsofhumankind,withitsrockpaintingcollectionbeingoneoftheextensiveingeographicaldistributionandtherichestinsubjectmatterworldwide.HelanMountainisblessedwithoneofthelargestconcentrationsofrockpaintingsinChina.RockpaintingsherearesomeofthebestpreservedinChinacoveringthemostextensivesubjectmatters.Of20-oddrockpa