2025年北京市第一次普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語仿真模擬卷

2025年北京市第一次普通高中學(xué)業(yè)水平合格性考試英語仿真模擬試卷03一、聽力理解（共25小題；每小題1分，共25分）第一節(jié)（共20小題；每小題1分，共20分）聽下面十段對話或獨白，從每題所給的A、B、C三個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。每段對話或獨白你將聽兩遍。聽第1段材料，回答第1題。1．Whatarethespeakersgoingtodonext?A．Buyamap. B．Climbthemountain. C．Gobackhome.【答案】C【原文】M:Oh,weleftourmapathome.Canyoufindthemountainwithoutit?W:Well,sincewehaven’tgoneveryfar,wemightaswelljustturnaround.聽第2段材料，回答第2題。2．Whatisthewoman’ssonatschool?A．Studymonitor. B．Monitor. C．Doctor.【答案】A【原文】M:Mykidisbusyatschool.Heisthemonitorinhisclass.W:Mine,too.Butheisthestudymonitor.聽第3段材料，回答第3題。3．Howmuchwillthemanpayforthetickets?A．$18. B．$20. C．$28.【答案】C【原文】M:Howmuchistheticketfortomorrow’sshow?W:It’s$10peradultand$8perchild.M:Threeticketsplease.Twoticketsforadultsandoneforchild.聽第4段材料，回答第4題。4．Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthenewsstory?A．Amazed. B．Inspired. C．Confused.【答案】A【原文】M:Thatwasanamazingstoryonthenews.It’shardtobelievethatsomeonecouldsurvivethreemonthslostatsea.W:Itjustshowsyouwhathumansareabletodowhenit’slifeordeath.Itreallymademethink.聽第5段材料，回答第5題至第6題。5．Wheredoesthisconversationtakeplace?A．Ontheroad. B．Inthepark. C．Intherestaurant.6．Whatarethespeakersgoingtoeat?A．Fishsoup. B．Achocolatecake. C．Vegetablesalad.【答案】5．A6．B【原文】W:Oh,Mike,howlongwillittakeustogettothepark?Yousaiditwasclose,butwe’vebeenwalkingfor50minutes.M:That’sbecausewewentthewrongway.Look!Thereisarestaurantacrosstheroad.Howabouthavingarestinit?W:That’sgreat!M:Oh,Iremember.I’vebeentothisrestaurantwithmyfatherbefore.W:Really?Howdoesthefoodtaste?M:Notbad.Thechocolatecakeisverypopular.Butwedidn’teat.Youknow,myfatherdoesn’tlikesweetfood.Sowehadfishsoupandvegetablesaladlasttime.W:Maybewecantryitthistime.7．Whatdothespeakerstalkabout?A．Aweekendplan. B．Afootballgame. C．WatchingTV.8．Whatcanweknowabouttheman?A．Hedoesn’tlikefootball.B．Hedoesn’tknowfootballrules.C．HewillwatchafootballmatchonFriday.【答案】7．B8．C【原文】M:Wendy,Igetconfusedeverytimeyousaytheword“football”.DoyoumeanAmericanfootballorareyoutalkingaboutsoccer?W:ImeanAmericanfootball.Doyoulikeit?M:Yes!Ilikethisgame.ButIneverwatchitonTV.Howaboutyou?W:IonlywatcheditonTVonce.Idon’tunderstandtherulessoitcanbeabitboring.M:It’shardtogetexcitedaboutitifyoudon’tunderstandtherules.Actually,itiseasytogetit.Icanexplaintherulestoyou.ThereisagameonFridayifyouwouldliketocome.W:Sure,Iwouldloveto.聽第7段材料，回答第9題至第11題。9．Whatisthewoman?A．Anewstudent. B．Anewteacher. C．AnewInternetmanager.10．Whatdidthewomandoathomeaweekago?A．Shepaidherfees.B．Shegotherreceiptfromthebank.C．SheregisteredforclassesontheInternet.11．Whatdoesthewomanhavetodonow?A．Gototheclassroom. B．Gettheclasslist. C．Havethefirstclass.【答案】9．A10．C11．B【原文】W:Goodtoseeyou!Ihavetoregisterforclassestoday,butI’mnotsurewhatI’msupposedtodo.M:Well,haveyoupaidyourtuitionatthebankyet?W:Yes,Ihave.M:Didyougetareceiptfromthebank?W:Ithinkso.ButIcan’tunderstandallofthesepapersbecausetheyareallwritteninChinese.M:Letmehelpyou.Here’syourreceiptfromthebank.HaveyouregisteredfortheclassesyouaregoingtotakethistermontheInternet?W:Yes,Ididitlastweekathome.M:OK.Whatyouhavetodonowistogettheclasslist.Ifitshowsallthecoursesyoutakethistermcorrectly,thenitwon’thaveanyproblem.W:Really?Idon’tneedtodoanythingelse?M:No.W:Thanksforyourhelp.M:Mypleasure.聽第8段材料，回答第12題至第14題。12．Whereisthenoisecomingfrom?A．Thecar. B．Themotor. C．Themotorbike.13．Wheredidtheystoptheircar?A．Afactory. B．Aparkingplace. C．Ahotel.14．What’swrongwiththemotor?A．Itneedswaterinthetank.B．Itrunsoutofpetrol.C．Itneedsheatingup.【答案】12．B13．B14．A【原文】W:Frank,doyouhearthatstrangenoise?M:Yes.Ihavenoticeditforawhile.Itseemstobecomingfromthemotor.W:Whatshallwedo?M:Idon’tknow.Perhapsifweslowitdownwecanstopatthenextparkingplaceandcheckwhatisthematter.W:OK.Let’sdoit.M:Oh,itisburninghot.Wehaverunoutofwater.W:Howisthemotoritself?IsitOK?M:Ithinkit’sallright.Let’swaittillitcoolsdownabit.聽第9段材料，回答第15題至第17題。15．Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A．Hewantstogetsomesuggestionsfromher.B．Hewantstogivehersomeadvice.C．Hewantstoinvitehertospendaholidaywithhim.16．Whichismentionedinthetalk?A．MikehadintendedtotravelwithCeliathisholiday.B．MikehadwantedtogosightseeingwithMiguelthisholiday.C．CeliahadplannedtogoonatripwithMiguelthisyear.17．WhydoesMikefeelithardtomakethedecisiontoaccepttheinvitation?A．Hehasnotenoughmoneyfortheholiday.B．HedoesnotwanttohurtCelia’sfeelings.C．HedoesnotlikeMiguelverymuch.【答案】15．A16．A17．B【原文】M:Sue,thereyouare.Haveyougottimeforalittlechat?W:Ofcourse.Whatisit,Mike?Issomethingwrong?M:No,notreally.ButI’lllikeyouradvice.W:I’llhelpifIcan.M:Well,yourememberMiguelwhostayedwithuslastsummer?W:No.ButIrememberyoutellingmeabouthim.Hewasveryfondofsightseeing,wasn’the?M:That’sright.Well,Igotaletterfromhimthismorningandhe’sinvitedmetospendaholidaywithhisfamilythisyear.Theyhavegotabighouseonariverside,andthey’vegotaboat.YouknowhowcrazyIamaboutboats.W:Mike,that’sgreat.Whatawonderfulchanceforyou!M:Yes,butit’snotthatsimple.W:What’stheproblem?M:It’sCelia.Yousee,we’vebothbeensavinglikemadtogoonatriptogetherthisyear.W:Ah,Isee.Youdon’twanttodisappointher,ofcourse.M:That’sright.She’dbesoupset.She’sbeendoingallsortsofjobsinherfreetime.Shedeservesthisholiday.Itseemssounfair.W:Look,Mike.First,youmusttellCeliaabouttheinvitation.She’llunderstandyourproblem.Butwhydon’tyoutellMiguelabouttheplanyouhadalreadymadewithCelia?Hemightevensuggestagoodwaytosettletheproblem.聽第10段材料，回答第18題至第20題。18．Whatisthepurposeofthestaffmeeting?A．TofindwaystohelpMrs.Smith.B．TohearhowMrs.Smithisdoing.C．Tofigureoutwhat’swrongwithMrs.Smith.19．WheredidMrs.Smithfeelthepain?A．Inherarm. B．Inherlung. C．Inhershoulder.20．HowlonghasMrs.Smithworkedatthecompany?A．Overfiveyears. B．Aboutthreemonths. C．Lessthantwoweeks.【答案】18．B19．A20．A【原文】Hello,folks.Thanksforcomingtothisstaffmeeting.IwanttoupdateallofyouonMrs.Smith’ssituation.Asmostofyouknow,Mrs.Smithwastoldthatshehadcancerafewmonthsago.Shewenttothedoctorbecauseofthepaininherarm,andatumorwasfoundinherupperlungnearhershoulder.Mrs.Smithhastwoyoungchildrenandahusband.Mostofyouknowherfamilyverywell,sinceshehasworkedatourcompanyforoverfiveyears.First,IwanttosayhowimpressedIamwithyourkindnesstoherfamily.Forthelastthreemonths,someonehasbroughtherfamilyamealtoeateverysinglenight!Yourconcernforherandherlovedonesmovesme.Mrs.Smithisverythankfulforallyourhelpduringthisdifficulttime.Andlastly,Iwanttogiveyousomegoodnews.ThedoctortoldMrs.Smiththatsheismuchbetter.Shewillhaveanoperationintwoweeks.Ifallgoeswellshewillsurvive.Thankyouallforcaring!第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1分，共5分）聽下面一段對話，根據(jù)題目要求在答題卡相應(yīng)題號后的橫線上寫下第21題至第25題的關(guān)鍵信息。此段對話你將聽兩遍。聽下面一段獨白,根據(jù)題目要求在相應(yīng)的橫線上寫下關(guān)鍵信息。每小題僅填寫一個詞。AWeatherReportinAustraliaAFour-dayTourofLondonTransportationPlaneSelf-guidedtourService21andmakeaflightreservationforguestsCost$2,000GuidedtourServiceMakeatravelscheduleforguests,besidesmakingreservationsSchedule?22onJuly5th?Goon23ontheThamesRiveronthe1stday?VisitBuckinghamPalaceonthe2ndday?GototheBritishMuseumonthe3rdday?24yourselforanythingelseonthelastdayCost$3,500,includingthe25andhotelrates【答案】21．Bookahotel22．Setoff23．a(chǎn)boattour24．Dosomesightseeing25．a(chǎn)irfare【原文】W:Hello,thisisCindyfromStarTravelAgency.Mr.Black,I’mcallingbecauseyouaskedmeforsomeinformationaboutafour-daytourofLondoninJuly.Wehavebothaguidedtourandaself-guidedtour,startingfromJuly5th.Ifyoutakeaself-guidedtour,we’lljustbookahotelandmakeaflightreservationforyou.Fortheguidedtour,thereisaguidetomakeatravelscheduleforyou,besidesmakingreservations.WeplantosetoffforLondonbyplaneonJuly5th.OnthefirstdaythewholetourgroupwillheadfortheThamesRiver,wherewehavearrangedaboattour.Ontheseconddaywe’llvisitBuckinghamPalace.ThethirddayisatriptotheBritishMuseum.Bytheway,we’llhaveatourguidetointroduceeverytouristattractionalltheway.Ofcourse,we’llleavethelastdayforyoutodosomesightseeingyourselforanythingelse.Thecostoftheself-guidedtourwillbeabout$2,000,andtheguidedtourwillcostyouabout$3,500,includingtheairfareandhotelrates.Well,youcanchooseaccordingtoyourbudget.二、完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。GulnaraTolmachevaisfromRussia,whohasalwayswantedtobeatutor.Shehas1andrealizedherdreaminKaramay,aChinesecityinXinjiangfarawayfromherhomeinNovosibirsk.Now,shelivesinXinjiangand2Russianinalocaluniversity.3havinginterestintheChinesecultureduringherchildhood,Tolmachevadidn’t4Chinauntil2009.“InUrumqi,Isawdifferentethnicgroupsandbusynightmarkets,”shesaid.ShewasespeciallysurprisedatthewaypeopleofdifferentethnicgroupsweregettingalonginXinjiang.5bytheenergeticandculturally6city,shechosetostudyChineseinUrumqiin2013.Tolmachevaandherfamily7toKaramayin2019aftergettingajobofferthere.Littledidsheknowaboutthecity8,butnowsheconsidersKaramayashersecond9.“Thefriendshipand10ofmystudentsandcolleaguesmademefeelathome,”she11.Sheaddedthatherworkwasgoingwell,andhersonwashealthyandhappy.Tolmachevawas12bythekindnessandwarmthofthosearoundher,andshedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents.“The13environmentisveryimportant.SoItriedmybesttoteachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses,”shesaid.HavingrealizedherdreamoflearningChineseinXinjiang,Tolmachevaisnow14aboutfinishingherdoctoraldegreeandisplanningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks.Shedoeshaveagreat15forherjob.1．A．fallenbehind B．blownup C．settleddown D．keptaway2．A．masters B．quits C．learns D．teaches3．A．Inspiteof B．Incaseof C．Intermsof D．Inplaceof4．A．choose B．visit C．expect D．a(chǎn)dmire5．A．Impressed B．Confused C．Frightened D．Annoyed6．A．single B．minor C．diverse D．false7．A．a(chǎn)ttended B．contributed C．objected D．moved8．A．gratefully B．previously C．gradually D．currently9．A．destination B．entrance C．barrier D．hometown10．A．promotion B．company C．a(chǎn)bsence D．criticism11．A．recommended B．promised C．recalled D．a(chǎn)pologized12．A．touched B．discouraged C．limited D．recognized13．A．family B．language C．career D．a(chǎn)ccommodation14．A．enthusiastic B．modest C．particular D．sensitive15．A．pity B．a(chǎn)dvantage C．return D．a(chǎn)ffection【答案】1．C2．D3．A4．B5．A6．C7．D8．B9．D10．B11．C12．A13．B14．A15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。這篇文章主要講述了俄羅斯女教師GulnaraTolmacheva的故事。她從小就對中國文化感興趣，最終在新疆的克拉瑪依實現(xiàn)了自己成為教師的夢想。她受到了當(dāng)?shù)厝说挠焉坪蜏嘏目畲?，決定更加努力地激勵自己的學(xué)生。1．考查動詞短語辨析。句意：她在遠(yuǎn)離新西伯利亞家的新疆克拉瑪依安頓下來，實現(xiàn)了自己的夢想。A.fallenbehind落后；B.blownup炸毀；C.settleddown安定下來；D.keptaway遠(yuǎn)離。根據(jù)下文“realizedherdreaminKaramay,aChinesecityinXinjiangfarawayfromherhomeinNovosibirsk.”可知，她在新疆克拉瑪依安頓下來，還實現(xiàn)了自己的夢想，故選C項。2．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，她住在新疆，在當(dāng)?shù)匾凰髮W(xué)教俄語。A.masters碩士；B.quits退出；C.learns學(xué)習(xí)；D.teaches教書。根據(jù)上文“whohasalwayswantedtobeatutor”及下文“Russianinalocaluniversity”可知，她一直想成為教師，如今在當(dāng)?shù)匾凰髮W(xué)教俄語，故選D項。3．考查短語辨析。句意：盡管托爾馬切娃在童年時期對中國文化很感興趣，但直到2009年才訪問中國。A.Inspiteof盡管；B.Incaseof萬一；C.Intermsof在……方面；D.Inplaceof代替。根據(jù)下文“havinginterestintheChinesecultureduringherchildhood,Tolmachevadidn’t4Chinauntil2009”可知，托爾馬切娃在童年使其就對中國文化感興趣，但是直到2009年才來到中國，表示轉(zhuǎn)折，故選A項。4．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管托爾馬切娃在童年時期對中國文化很感興趣，但直到2009年才訪問中國。A.choose選擇；B.visit拜訪；C.expect期待；D.admire欣賞，欽佩。根據(jù)“Tolmachevadidn’t4Chinauntil2009”可知，托爾馬切娃在童年使其就對中國文化感興趣，但是直到2009年才來到中國，故選B項。5．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這座充滿活力、文化多元的城市給她留下了深刻的印象，她于2013年選擇在烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)中文。A.Impressed印象深刻的；B.Confused困惑的；C.Frightened嚇壞了；D.Annoyed惱火。根據(jù)上文“Shewasespeciallysurprisedat”可知，她對這座充滿活力、多元文化的城市印象深刻，故選A項。6．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這座充滿活力、文化多元的城市給她留下了深刻的印象，她于2013年選擇在烏魯木齊學(xué)習(xí)中文。A.single單，一；B.minor小的；C.diverse多樣化的；D.fals的e假。根據(jù)上文“differentethnicgroupsweregettingalonginXinjiang”可知，這座城市是多元文化的，故選C項。7．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：托爾馬切娃和她的家人在獲得工作機會后于2019年搬到了克拉瑪依。A.attended出席；B.contributed貢獻(xiàn)；C.objected反對；D.moved搬，感動。根據(jù)“Tolmachevaandherfamily7toKaramayin2019”可知，在她獲得工作機會后，她和家人搬到了克拉瑪依，故選D項。8．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：以前她對這座城市知之甚少，但現(xiàn)在她認(rèn)為克拉瑪依是她的第二故鄉(xiāng)。A.gratefully感激；B.previously以前；C.gradually逐漸；D.currently現(xiàn)在。根據(jù)上文“Littledidsheknowaboutthecity”可知，是她以前對這座城市知之甚少，故選B項。9．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她對這座城市知之甚少，但現(xiàn)在她認(rèn)為克拉瑪依是她的第二故鄉(xiāng)。A.destination目的地；B.entrance入口；C.barrier障礙；D.hometown家鄉(xiāng)。根據(jù)上文“Tolmachevaandherfamily7toKaramay”及“butnowsheconsidersKaramayashersecond”可知，她現(xiàn)在是把克拉瑪依當(dāng)成了第二故鄉(xiāng)，故選D項。10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：“我的學(xué)生和同事的友誼和陪伴讓我有賓至如歸的感覺，”她回憶道。A.promotion促銷；B.company陪伴；C.absence缺席；D.criticism批評。根據(jù)下文“mystudentsandcolleaguesmademefeelathome”可知，學(xué)生和同事的陪伴讓她有了家的感覺，故選B項。11．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我的學(xué)生和同事的友誼和陪伴讓我有賓至如歸的感覺，”她回憶道。A.recommended推薦；B.promised答應(yīng)；C.recalled回憶；D.apologized道歉。根據(jù)下文“Sheaddedthat”可知，她是在回憶，故選C項。12．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：托爾馬切娃被周圍人的善良和溫暖所感動，她決定更加努力地激勵她的學(xué)生。A.touched感動；B.discouraged氣餒；C.limited有限；D.recognized認(rèn)可。根據(jù)下文“hekindnessandwarmthofthosearoundher,andshedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents.”可知，她是被善良和溫暖感動了，故選A項。13．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：語言環(huán)境很重要。A.family家庭；B.language語言；C.career事業(yè)；D.accommodation膳宿。根據(jù)下文“SoItriedmybesttoteachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses”可知，她經(jīng)努力去教俄語歌曲，并組織短劇是為了創(chuàng)造一個語言環(huán)境，故選B項。14．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：托爾馬切娃實現(xiàn)了在新疆學(xué)習(xí)漢語的夢想，現(xiàn)在她正熱衷于完成博士學(xué)位，并計劃編寫一些俄語教科書。A.enthusiastic熱情的；B.modest謙虛的；C.particular尤其，特別的；D.sensitive敏感的。根據(jù)下文“finishingherdoctoraldegreeandisplanningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks.”可知，她對于編寫俄語教科書和完成博士學(xué)位是富有熱情的，beenthusiasticabout為固定短語，表示“對……充滿熱情”，故選A項。15．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她確實非常熱愛自己的工作。A.pity可惜；B.advantage優(yōu)勢；C.return返回；D.affection熱愛。根據(jù)上文“shedecidedtoworkevenhardertomotivateherstudents”和“teachthemRussiansongsandorganizeshortplaysduringcourses”及“planningtowritesomeRussiantextbooks”可知，她對工作是很熱愛的，故選D項。三、閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，40分）第一節(jié)（共16小題；每小題2分，共32分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑?！癥oucanlovesomeoneandstillchoosetosaygoodbyetothem.”Taranowsays.It’shardtounderstandthesewordsuntilIreadTaraWestover’smemoirEducated.InherbookEducated,TarawasraisedinruralIdaho.Herdadbelievedtheworldwascomingtoanend,andthatthefamilyshouldinteractwiththehealthandeducationsystemsaslittleaspossible.Majormedicalcriseswentuntreated-hermotherneverrecoveredfromherbraininjury.BecauseTaraandhersixsiblingsworkedattheirfather’sjunkyard，noneofthemreceivedproperhomeschooling.Educatedisanamazingstory.IfounditfascinatinghowittookstudyingphilosophyandhistoryinschoolforTaratotrustherownperceptionoftheworld.Beforesteppingfootinaclassroomuntilshewas17,herworldviewwasentirelyshapedbyherdad.Itwasn’tuntilshewenttoBrighamYoungUniversitythatsherealizedtherewereotherperspectivesonthingsherdadhadpresentedasfact.Eventually,sheearnedherdoctorateinhistoryfromCambridge.OfthesevenWestoversiblings,threeearnedPh.D．s.Ithinktheirchildhoodexperiencemadethemtoughandhelpedthempersevere.WhenyoumeetTara,sheisnevercruelevenwhenmentioningherchildhoodtraumas,includingthephysicalabuseshesuffered.Iwasimpressedbyhowshetalkssoopenlyabouthowignorantsheoncewas.Educatedtouchesonthedividesinourcountry:ruralversusurban,college-educatedversusnot.Sinceshe’sspentherwholelifemovingbetweenthesetwoworlds,IaskedTarawhatshethought.“Iworrythateducationisbecomingastickthatsomepeopleusetobeatotherpeopleintosubmissionorbecomingsomethingthatpeoplefeelarrogant(傲慢的)about,”shesaid.“Ithinkeducationisreallyjustaprocessofself-discovery-ofdevelopingasenseofselfandwhatyouthink.Ithinkofitasthisgreatmechanismofconnectingandequalizing.”Tara’sprocessofself-discoveryisbeautifullycapturedinEducated.She’satalentedwriter,andIsuspectthisbookisn’tthelast.16．HowdidTara’supbringingshapeherworldview?A．Itpreparedherforasuccessfulacademiccareer.B．Itlimitedheraccesstoeducationandcriticalthinking.C．Itencouragedhertoembracedifferentperspectivesandideas.D．Itinstilledinherastrongsenseofindependenceandresilience.17．WhichcouldbestdescribeTaraaccordingtothetext?A．Perseverantandhonest. B．Talentedandweak.C．Cruelandaccomplished. D．Romanticanddetermined.18．AccordingtoTara,whatshouldeducationprimarilyinvolve?A．Exploringmoreofoneselfandindividualthoughts.B．FollowingestablishedsocialrulesandregulationsC．Strengtheningdivisionsandinequalitiesamongpeople.D．Obtainingcertainrightsandprivilegestodefeatothers.19．Whatisthetexttypeofthispassage?A．Autobiography. B．Newsreport.C．Persuasiveessays. D．Bookreview.【答案】16．B17．A18．A19．D【解析】16．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“InherbookEducated,TarawasraisedinruralIdaho.Herdadbelievedtheworldwascomingtoanend,andthatthefamilyshouldinteractwiththehealthandeducationsystemsaslittleaspossible.Majormedicalcriseswentuntreated-hermotherneverrecoveredfromherbraininjury.BecauseTaraandhersixsiblingsworkedattheirfather’sjunkyard，noneofthemreceivedproperhomeschooling.(在她的書《Educated》中，Tara在愛達(dá)荷州的農(nóng)村長大。她的父親認(rèn)為世界末日即將來臨，家庭應(yīng)該盡可能少地與衛(wèi)生和教育系統(tǒng)互動。重大的醫(yī)療危機沒有得到治療——她的母親從未從腦部損傷中恢復(fù)過來。因為Tara和她的六個兄弟姐妹在他們父親的垃圾場工作，他們沒有一個人接受過適當(dāng)?shù)募彝ソ逃?”以及第三段“Beforesteppingfootinaclassroomuntilshewas17,herworldviewwasentirelyshapedbyherdad.Itwasn’tuntilshewenttoBrighamYoungUniversitythatsherealizedtherewereotherperspectivesonthingsherdadhadpresentedasfact.(在17歲踏入教室之前，她的世界觀完全是由父親塑造的。直到她上了楊百翰大學(xué)，她才意識到，對于她父親所說的事實，還有其他的看法。)”可知，Tara的成長環(huán)境限制了她接受教育和擁有批判性思維的機會。故選B。17．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Eventually,sheearnedherdoctorateinhistoryfromCambridge.OfthesevenWestoversiblings,threeearnedPh.D.s.Ithinktheirchildhoodexperiencemadethemtoughandhelpedthempersevere.WhenyoumeetTara,sheisnevercruelevenwhenmentioningherchildhoodtraumas,includingthephysicalabuseshesuffered.Iwasimpressedbyhowshetalkssoopenlyabouthowignorantsheoncewas.(最終，她在劍橋大學(xué)獲得了歷史學(xué)博士學(xué)位。在Westover的七個兄弟姐妹中，有三個獲得了博士學(xué)位。我認(rèn)為他們的童年經(jīng)歷讓他們變得堅強，并幫助他們堅持下去。當(dāng)你見到Tara時，即使提到她童年的創(chuàng)傷，包括她遭受的身體虐待，她也從不殘忍。她如此坦率地談?wù)撟约涸?jīng)多么無知，這給我留下了深刻的印象。)”可推測，Tara是個有毅力、誠實的人。故選A。18．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段““Iworrythateducationisbecomingastickthatsomepeopleusetobeatotherpeopleintosubmissionorbecomingsomethingthatpeoplefeelarrogant(傲慢的)about,”shesaid.“Ithinkeducationisreallyjustaprocessofself-discovery-ofdevelopingasenseofselfandwhatyouthink.Ithinkofitasthisgreatmechanismofconnectingandequalizing.”(她說：“我擔(dān)心教育正在成為一些人用來迫使別人屈服的大棒，或者成為人們感到傲慢的東西。我認(rèn)為教育實際上只是一個自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的過程——培養(yǎng)自我意識和你的想法。我認(rèn)為這是一種連接和平衡的偉大機制。”)”可知，Tara認(rèn)為教育應(yīng)該是一個自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的過程，應(yīng)該培養(yǎng)自我意識和自己的想法。故選A。19．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Tara’sprocessofself-discoveryisbeautifullycapturedinEducated.She’satalentedwriter,andIsuspectthisbookisn’tthelast.(Tara自我發(fā)現(xiàn)的過程在《Educated》中被完美地捕捉到了。她是個有才華的作家，我想這本書不會是最后一本。)”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，文章介紹了TaraWestover的自傳體圖書《Educated》，討論了這本書的主題、信息和影響，以及作者對它的個人反思。并介紹了作者的成長經(jīng)歷，她的教育經(jīng)歷，以及她對教育的看法，因此這篇文章是一篇書評。故選D。BIn1975,aSanDiegohomemakernamedMarjorieRicecameacrossacolumninScientificAmericanabouttiling(瓷磚).ThereisaproblemwhichhasinterestedmathematicianssinceancientGreektimes.AfterRice’schanceencounterwithtiling,familymembersoftensawherinthekitchenconstantlydrawingshapes.“Ithoughtshewasjustdrawingcasually(隨意),”herdaughterKathysaid.ButRicewhotookonlyoneyearofmathinhighschool,wasactuallydiscoveringnever-before-seenpatterns.BorninFlorida,shelovedlearningandparticularlyherbriefexposuretomath,buttightbudgetandsocialculturepreventedherfamilyfromevenconsideringthatshemightattendcollege.“ForRice,mathwasapleasure,”hersonDavidoncesaid.RicegaveoneofhersonsasubscriptiontoScientificAmericanpartlybecauseshecouldreaditcarefullywhilethechildrenwereatschool.WhenshereadGardner’scolumnabouttilingasshelaterrecalledinaninterview:“Ithoughtitmustbewonderfulthatsomeonecoulddiscoverthesebeautifulpatternswhichnoonehadseenbefore.”Shealsowroteinanessay,“MyinterestwasengagedbythesubjectandIwantedtounderstandeverydetailofit.Lackingamathematicalbackground,Idevelopedmyownsymbolsystemandinafewmonthsdiscoveredanewtype.”Astonishedanddelighted,shesentherworktoGardner,whosentittoDoris,atilingexpertatMoravianCollege.DorisconfirmedthatRice’sfindingwascorrect.Later,Ricedeclinedtolectureonherdiscoveries,citingshyness,butatDoris’sinvitation,sheattendedauniversitymathematicsmeeting,whereshewasintroducedtotheaudience.Ricestillsaidnothingofherachievementstoherchildren,buttheyeventuallyfoundoutastheawardsmounted.20．WhydidRiceoftendrawshapesinthekitchen?A．Tobecomeamathematician. B．Toexplorethesecretoftiling.C．Tofillherleisuretime. D．Toshowherpassionfordrawing.21．WhatcanwelearnaboutRicefromParagraphs2and3?A．Shelongedtostartacolumn. B．Shewasrejectedfromacollege.C．Shewasgoodatdesigningpatterns. D．Shesucceededindevelopingasystem.22．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Themagicofmath. B．TheeffortsofRice.C．ThehumilityofRice. D．Thepatternsoftiling.23．WhatcanwelearnfromtheRice’sexperience?A．Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind. B．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.C．Everycloudhasasilverlining. D．Practicemakesperfect.【答案】20．B21．D22．B23．A【解析】20．推理判斷題。由第一段中“AfterRice’schanceencounterwithtiling,familymembersoftensawherinthekitchenconstantlydrawingshapes.(Rice偶然接觸瓷磚后，家人經(jīng)?？吹剿趶N房里不停地畫形狀)”和第三段中“Shealsowroteinanessay,“MyinterestwasengagedbythesubjectandIwantedtounderstandeverydetailofit.(她還在一篇文章中寫道，“我對這個主題很感興趣，我想了解它的每一個細(xì)節(jié))”可知，Rice對瓷磚這個主題很感興趣，想了解它的每一個細(xì)節(jié)，可得出因為想探索瓷磚的秘密，所以Rice經(jīng)常在廚房里畫形狀。故選B項。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段中“Lackingamathematicalbackground,Idevelopedmyownsymbolsystemandinafewmonthsdiscoveredanewtype.(由于缺乏數(shù)學(xué)背景，我開發(fā)了自己的符號系統(tǒng)，并在幾個月內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的類型)”可知，Rice成功地開發(fā)了一個系統(tǒng)。故選D項。22．主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，1975年，圣地亞哥一位名叫馬喬里·賴斯（MarjorieRice）的家庭主婦在《科學(xué)美國人》雜志上偶然看到一篇關(guān)于瓷磚的專欄文章，因為想探索瓷磚的秘密，Rice經(jīng)常在廚房里畫形狀，雖缺乏數(shù)學(xué)背景（高中只學(xué)了一年數(shù)學(xué)），但她憑借自己對數(shù)學(xué)的熱情潛心研究，開發(fā)了自己的符號系統(tǒng)，堅持不懈，發(fā)現(xiàn)了以前從未見過的圖案，B項“賴斯的努力”符合文意。故選B項。23．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，1975年，圣地亞哥一位名叫馬喬里·賴斯（MarjorieRice）的家庭主婦在《科學(xué)美國人》雜志上偶然看到一篇關(guān)于瓷磚的專欄文章，因為想探索瓷磚的秘密，Rice經(jīng)常在廚房里畫形狀，雖缺乏數(shù)學(xué)背景（高中只學(xué)了一年數(shù)學(xué)），但她憑借自己對數(shù)學(xué)的熱情潛心研究，開發(fā)了自己的符號系統(tǒng)，堅持不懈，發(fā)現(xiàn)了以前從未見過的圖案，文章告訴我們“世上無難事，只怕有心人（Nothingisimpossibletoawillingmind.）”。故選A項。CCarbondioxideemissionsfromtransportationarenowthoughtasthetopsourceofgreen-housegases.Oneofthemosteffectivewaystoreduceyourcarbonfootprintistoreconsiderhowmuch,andhowoften,youtravel.Goingcarfreeforayearcouldsaveabout2.6tonsofcarbondioxide,accordingtoastudyfromtheUniversityofBritishColumbia.Howcanyoustopusingacar?Trytakingatrain,busorbetteryet,ridingabike.Butlet’sberealistic.Youwilllikelyneedtouseacarthisyear.So,whenyoudo,herearesometipstomakeyourtripmoreclimate-friendly.Drivingefficientlycanhelptoreduceemissions.Goeasyonthegasandbrakesanddrivelikeyouhaveaneggunderyourfoot.Regularlyserviceyourcartokeepitmoreefficient.Keepingyourtirespumpedcorrectlycanre-duceemissions.Lowtirepressurewillhurtyourfueleconomy.Airconditioningandfrequentcitydrivingcanmakeemissionsgoup.Socutdownontheseasoftenaspossible.Usecruisecontrol(定速巡航)onlongdrives-inmostcases,thiscanhelptosavegas.Don’tweighyourcardownwithextrathingsthatyoudon’tneedonyourtrip.Flyoften?Takingonefewerlonground-tripflightcouldreduceyourpersonalcarbonfootprintsignificantly.Ifyouusepublictransportationoftenandflyless,yourcarbonfoot-printmightstillberelativelysustainable,butifyoudriveandflyalot,youremissionswillbesigher.Ifyoucan’tavoidflying,youcanoffsetthembydonatingmoneytosustainableproacts,suchassupplyingefficientstovestoruralhomes,orprojectswhichhelpfarmersdealwithcropwasteenvironmentally.24．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofgoingcarfree?A．Efficient. B．Costly. C．Impractical. D．Reliable.25．Whichcanbeadoptedtosavefuelofyourcar?A．Maintainingyourcarproperly. B．Usingcruisecontrolinthecity.C．Steppinghardonthegasandbrakes. D．Geitingridofallthenecessaryloads.26．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“offset”inparagraph4mean?A．Makeupfor. B．Teamupwith. C．Setfootin. D．Putupwith.27．Whichisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Howtosavefuelwhendrivingcars B．HowtoreduceyourcarbonfootprintC．Reducecarbonfootprintbyallmeans D．Lowercarbonfootprintintransportation【答案】24．C25．A26．A27．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹如何選擇適當(dāng)?shù)某鲂蟹绞絹斫档瓦\輸過程中的碳足跡。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Howcanyoustopusingacar?Trytakingatrain,busorbetteryet,ridingabike.(你怎么能停止開車？試著坐火車、公共汽車，或者騎自行車)”和第三段“Butlet’sberealistic.Youwilllikelyneedtouseacarthisyear.(但讓我們現(xiàn)實一點。今年你可能需要用車)”可知，作者認(rèn)為不使用汽車是不切實際的。故選C。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Lowtirepressurewillhurtyourfueleconomy.Airconditioningandfrequentcitydrivingcanmakeemissionsgoup.Socutdownontheseasoftenaspossible.Usecruisecontrol(定速巡航)onlongdrives-inmostcases,thiscanhelptosavegas.Don’tweighyourcardownwithextrathingsthatyoudon’tneedonyourtrip.(輪胎氣壓過低會影響你的燃油經(jīng)濟性?？照{(diào)和頻繁的城市駕駛會使排放上升，所以盡可能減少這些排放。在長途駕駛中使用巡航控制——在大多數(shù)情況下，這可以幫助節(jié)省汽油。不要給你的車添置旅途中不需要的額外物品)”可知，適當(dāng)?shù)谋ｐB(yǎng)汽車可以節(jié)省汽車的燃油，故選A。26．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifyoucan’tavoidflyin