2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語課時分層作業(yè)13Unit5NelsonMandel-amodernheroSectionⅠ含解析新人教版必修1

PAGE1-課時分層作業(yè)(十三)SectionⅠ(建議用時：35分鐘)[高考題型練習(xí)提實力]Ⅰ.閱讀理解AJ.K.Rowlingturnedanotheryearolderthisweek.BornJoanneRowling,J.K.Rowlingis,ofcourse,heradoptedpenname.Concernedthatyoungboysmightnotgoforabookwrittenbyawoman,herpublishersuggestedshecomeupwithapseudonym(筆名).So,uponcombiningherfirstinitialwiththeinitialofherpaternalgrandmother,Kathleen,themonikerJ.K.Rowlingwasborn.That'stheinterestingfactaboutRowling,apparently,andshecanonlyfoolsomeofthepeoplesomeofthetime.Backin2013,acrimenovelappearedontheshelves.ItwasentitledTheCuckoo'sCalling,anditwaswrittenbyRobertGalbraith.AccordingtoGalbraith'sbio,hespent“severalyearswiththeRoyalMilitaryPolice”andtheleadingcharacterofhisnovel,afellowbythenameofCormoranStrike,“grewdirectlyoutofhisownexperiencesandthoseofhismilitaryfriends.”O(jiān)nly,uponfurtherreview,hedidn't!ThebookwasactuallypennedbyJ.K.Rowling,whoapparentlywantedtotryandsellanovelbasedoncompletecraftsmanshipratherthanonhername.Unfortunately,however,thewifeofapartnerinthemediainwhomsheplacedhertrust,sharedthesecretonTwitter.Rowlingwasangryanddisappointedconcerningthebetrayingoftrust.I'mnotsurewhetherIwouldbeterriblyupsetfortoolong，ifIwereher.Previoustoherbeingknownastheauthor，Rowlingsawherbooklisted4，709thonAmazon.Afterthebigrevelation,herbookjumpedallthewaytoNo.1!Moreimportantly,Ithinkshegotwhatshewanted.Thenovelhasreceivednearlyuniversalcriticalacclaim.Rowlingpassedherowntestwithflyingcolors.Clearly,she'sprettygoodathercraft!Inanycase,Ipersonallylookforwardtoreadinghernewestwritingendeavor.【語篇解讀】本文主要報道了J.K.Rowling用其他名字寫書這一隱私暴露一事。1．WhywasJoanneRowlingadvisedtouseamalepenname?A．Itwasacommonpractice.B．Hergrandmotherdidn'tlikehername.C．Thepublisherwantedtogivereadersasurprise.D．Womenwritersmightnotbepopularwithboyreaders.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段第三句“Concernedthatyoungboysmightnotgoforabookwrittenbyawoman,herpublishersuggestedshecomeupwithapseudonym(筆名)．”可知，女性作者可能不大受男性讀者喜愛，因此Rowling用筆名寫書，故選D。]2．Whydidn'tJ.K.Rowlingpublishhernewbookunderhername?A．Shethoughthernamewasoutofdate.B．Readersdidn'tlikeherbooksanylonger.C．Sheintendedtoproveherwritingability.D．Shethoughtanewnamecouldmakehermorepopular.C[推理推斷題。依據(jù)第三段最終一句“ThebookwasactuallypennedbyJ．K.Rowling，whoapparentlywantedtotryandsellanovelbasedoncompletecraftsmanshipratherthanonhername.”可推知，J.K.Rowling出版新書時沒有用自己的名字是想驗證自己的寫作實力，故選C。]3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“acclaim”inParagraph6mean?A．Severecriticism. B．Greatrespect.C．Highpraise. D．Muchsympathy.C[詞義揣測題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段最終兩句“Rowlingpassedherowntestwithflyingcolors.Clearly,she'sprettygoodathercraft！”可推知，J.K.Rowling的書大獲勝利，收到了廣泛的贊譽，故選C。]4．Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A．TheSecretIsOutB．HerDoorIsOpenC．TheBookIsonSale D．HerEffortIsinVainA[標(biāo)題推斷題。結(jié)合對全文的整體理解可知，本文主要講解并描述了聞名作家J.K.Rowling用其他名字寫書這一隱私暴露一事，故選A。]BStephenHawkingwasaBritishScientist，professorandauthorwhomadegreatcontributionstophysicsandcosmology(宇宙學(xué))．Hisbookshelpedtomakesciencemucheasiertounderstand.Hereisabriefintroductiontohisfamilyandearlyyears.AstheeldestofFrankandIsobelHawking'sfourchildren,StephenHawkingwasbornintoafamilyofthinkers.HisScottishmotherearnedherwayintoOxfordUniversityinthe1930s－atimewhenfewwomenwereabletogotocollege.Hisfather,anotherOxfordgraduate,wasamedicalresearcher.StephenHawking'sbirthcameataninopportunetimeforhisparents,whodidn'thavemuchmoney.AndEnglandwasdealingwithWorldWarⅡ.Inanefforttolookforasaferplace，IsobelreturnedtoOxfordtohavetheirfirstchild.TheHawkingswouldgoontohavetwootherchildren,Mary(1943)andPhilippa(1947)．Andtheirsecondson,Edward,wasadopted(收養(yǎng))in1956.In1950,Hawking'sfatherwassenttoAfricaandspentthewintermonthstheredoingresearch.Hewantedhiseldestchildtogointomedicine,butatanearlyage,Hawkingshowedaninterestinscienceandthesky.Thatwascleartohismother,who,alongwithherchildren,oftenrelaxedinthebackyardonsummereveningsandlookedatthestars.“Stephenalwayshadastrongsenseofwonder，”sheremembered.“AndIcouldseethatthestarswoulddrawhim.”Hawkingwasalsofrequentlyonthego.WithhissisterMaryHawking,wholovedtoclimb,designeddifferententryroutesintothefamilyhome.Helovedtodanceandalsotookaninterestinrowing,becomingateamcoxswain(舵手)incollege.【語篇解讀】斯蒂芬·霍金是一位聞名的英國科學(xué)家、教授和作家，他對物理學(xué)和宇宙學(xué)做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。讓我們一起來了解一下他的家庭及早期的生活吧。5．WhatdoweknowaboutStephenHawking'sfamilyfromthetext?A．Hawkingwastheoldestchildinhisfamily.B．Hawking'smotherwasateacheratOxfordUniversity.C．Hawkinghadtwobrothersandthreesistersaltogether.D．Hawking'sfathergraduatedfromLondonUniversity.A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段“TheeldestofFrankandIsobelHawking'sfourchildren...”可知霍金是家中的長子，故A項正確。]6．Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraph?A．Bringinggreatluck.B．Allofasudden.C．Happeningatabadtime.D．Causingtrouble.C[詞義揣測題。依據(jù)第三段“...whodidn'thavemuchmoney.AndEnglandwasdealingwithWorldWarⅡ.”可知當(dāng)時他的父母沒有錢，而且英國要處理二戰(zhàn)事宜，政治環(huán)境也較為動亂，所以他的誕生不合時宜。]7．WherewasHawkingborn?A．InAfrica. B．IntheUS.C．InScotland. D．InOxford.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段“Inanefforttolookforasaferplace，IsobelreturnedtoOxfordtohavetheirfirstchild.”可知，霍金在牛津誕生。]8．WhydidHawkingchoosetostudyscienceandthesky?A．Becausehisfatheraskedhimtodoso.B．Becausehismotherhadagreatinfluenceonhim.C．Becausehewasinterestedinthematanearlyage.D．Becausehewasfondofdoingresearchonstars.C[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段“...butatanearlyage，Hawkingshowedaninterestinscienceandthesky.”可知，因為霍金從小對科學(xué)和天空感愛好，所以他選擇探討這些領(lǐng)域，故C項正確。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Beinganexchangestudent(交換生)maynotbesoeasy.However,therearealotofthingsthatyoucanlearnandenjoywhenyoudecidetobeanexchangestudent,andmostthingsyouwilldiscoverareoutsidetheclassroom.1Studentswhocomebackfromanexchangetripsaythatthethingtheylikedmostwaslearningaboutthedifferentlifestylesthatpeoplehaveinthecountrytheyvisited.2However，thosewhotraveltoothercountriesundertheforeignexchangestudentprogramlearnthattherearemanydifferentwaystolive.DifferentFoodSomestudentsareworriedthattheywon'tlikethefoodofthecountrywheretheywillgo，andtheyusethatasanexcusetoavoidgoingtothatcountry.3Beinganexchangestudentoftenleadsyoutofindthatyouenjoymuchmorekindsoffoodthanyouthoughtyoudid.DifferentLanguagesSomedecidethatthelanguagebarrier(障礙)isthekeytokeepingthemfromgoinganywhereasanexchangestudent.4TherearealsosomeplaceswheremostofthepeoplecanspeakEnglishwell.Ifyouarecomingupwithreasonstoavoidgoinganywhereasanexchangestudent,thinkaboutthebenefitsyouwillgetfromatripabroadbeforeyoumakeupyourmind.5A．DifferentLifestylesB．DifferentCulturesC．Anyway,thinktwicebeforeyoudoishelpful.D．Manystudentsbelievethatthereisonlyonewayoflife.E．Exchangestudentsarefondofthefoodinforeigncountries.F．ButtherearemanyplaceswhereEnglishisthenativelanguage.G．Thetruthisthatmostcountriesallowexchangestudentstohaveamazingfood.【語篇解讀】假如你被選中去國外的某所學(xué)校做交換生，你可能立刻想到的是生疏的環(huán)境、語言差異、飲食習(xí)慣的差異等等不便之處，但是，你所能學(xué)到的和得到的遠(yuǎn)非如此。1．A[分析文章格式可知所填部分應(yīng)當(dāng)與DifferentFood和DifferentLanguages構(gòu)成并列，結(jié)合選項內(nèi)容可知A、B項符合要求；再依據(jù)本段的關(guān)鍵詞“...aboutthedifferentlifestyles...”以及“...manydifferentwaystolive.”可知A項正確。]2．D[結(jié)合上一題可知本段主要講解并描述你所要去的國家的生活方式與你之前學(xué)校的生活方式不一樣，再結(jié)合下一句的轉(zhuǎn)折“However，thosewhotraveltoothercountries...manydifferentwaystolive.”和選項內(nèi)容可知D項最為恰當(dāng)。]3．G[結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題DifferentFood可知本段主要講解并描述飲食方面的差異，結(jié)合選項中的關(guān)鍵詞可知E、G項符合要求；再聯(lián)系上文可知許多學(xué)生都認(rèn)為飲食差異也是影響他們求學(xué)的因素之一，所以解除E項。]4．F[結(jié)合本段小標(biāo)題DifferentLanguages可知本段主要講解并描述語言方面的差異，再結(jié)合選項中的關(guān)鍵詞可知F項正確。]5．C[分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知本段為文章的結(jié)束語，結(jié)合上句內(nèi)容和選項內(nèi)容可知C項最為恰當(dāng)。]Ⅲ.語法填空Borninthe1940s，Eliasexperiencedadifficultperiodoftimewhentheblackreachedastagewheretheyhadnorightsatall.Beingpoorly1.________(educate)andnothavingapassbook，hewasworriedthathewouldbeoutofwork.Thiswastheveryreason2.________hewenttoNelsonMandelaforadvice.Atthattime，blackpeoplehadnoright3.________(vote)andtheycouldn'tgetjobstheywanted.Thepartsoftownin4.________theyhadtoliveweredecidedbywhit