2024年北京和平街一中高二（上）10月月考英語試題及答案

2024北京和平街一中高二10月月考英語本試卷共9頁，共分?？荚嚂r長分鐘?？忌鷦毡貙⒋鸢笇懺诖痤}紙上，在試卷上作答無效。第一部分：知識運用共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。BreakdownStart-upJustovertwoyearsago,Iwasdrivinghomefairlylateonenightonaquiet,remoteroadwhenanothercarsuddenlymovedtowardsmewithgreat___1___.Ihadmakeasuddenandquicksidewaysmovement___2___hittingitandIalmosthitatree.LuckilyIhurt,butIgetmycarstart.Ithadbrokendown.Ifeltquite___3___aswaslateandtherewerehardlyanyothercarsaround.I___4___myroadsideassistancecompanyforhelpandtheytoldmesomeonewouldbetherearoundoneandhalfanAfteraboutfifteenminutes,apassingcar___5___andastrongmanwithaseriousfacesteppedoutoftheHeaskedifIneeded___6___andItoldhimwhathadhappened.He___7___tostaywithmeuntilroadsideassistancearrived.IwasuncertainaboutwhatdobecauseIwasnervousandTherewassomethingverycalmandcomfortableinhisvoice,soItookhimuponhisWhilewaiting,westartedtalkingandreally___8___itBythetimetheroadsideassistanceturnedup,we’darrangedto___9___again.yearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifeIwishIcouldthankthecarelessdriverforcedmetheroad.IfhewasabetterI’dneverhavemetalifelong____10____.1.A.power2.A.avoid3.A.guilty4.A.phoned5.A.started6.A.space7.A.kindly8.A.tookB.C.careD.speedB.practiceB.ashamedB.recommendedB.brokedownB.helpC.riskD.delayC.anxiousC.blamedC.droveC.careD.curiousD.examinedD.pulledupD.informationD.rudelyD.hitB.carefullyB.shookC.eagerlyC.knockedC.meet9.A.travel10.A.interestB.playD.waitB.friendshipC.dreamD.habit第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題分，共分）A閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Engineersinventedanewdeviceproducesolarelectricityatnight.Solarpanelstransformsunlightintosothey(traditional)workonlyduringdaylighthours.Thisdevice,however____12____(use)athermoelectricwhichcreatesfromdifferencesintemperature.Inthiscase,cooleveningairaslightlydifferenttemperaturethanthesolarcellinthepanel.Thatbecomes_____13_____istransformedintoThedevicecouldbehelpfulareas_____14_____(locate)farfromapowergrid().B閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個恰當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。WhenIreadoneofbooksandseehimonTIamproudofhim.Iused___15___(teach)him!IrememberGrahamwasverydifficult____16____Itaughthim.ButhechangedquicklyafterIsetupexperimenttoshowhowthehumanstomachworks____17____(use)acidandanonion.C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。NickwasridinghisbikealongtheArchingRiverwhenhenoticedsomething____18____(usual)intheHetookacloserlookandapairoffin-likethingscirclingabovethesurface.____19____(confuse)bywhathehadseen,NicktookavideoandpostedontheInternet.Dayssomeresearchersconfirmedthathe____20____(spot)dolphins—thefirstcetacean(鯨目動物)sightedthisriversince2017—andthissuggestedthetorestorethehealthoftheriverwerepaying第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的、B、、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Atoexplorenewviews,trynewactivitiesandhavehappyfamilyhoursatthesametime?Herearesomebrightideas.FlipOut,GlasgowThisplaceholdstheimpressivetitleofbeingthebiggesttrampoline(蹦床)showgroundintheworld.Setin000squarefeet,therearezonestailoredyoungerchildren,aswellasballgamessuchasfootballandbasketball.aFlipFitexerciseclasswhereyoucanburn1000caloriespersession.Standardone-hour￡KewGardens,LondonThereare300acresofgreenspaceexplorewiththousandsofplantstodiscoverfromallaroundtheworld.Goinsidetheglasshouses,andgetupclosecollectionoftreesinits59ft-hightreetopTheGardeniswherekidscandiscoverearth,sunandwater—alltheelementsthatplantsneedFamilyoffourticket,41.25.IronbridgeGorgeMuseums,StepbackintimeatBlistsHillwherelifefrommorethanacenturyagoiscarefullyrecreated.Changeyourmoneyintopounds,shillingsandpenceatthebanktospendintheshopsandtreatyourselfsometraditionalfishandchipstheFryers.tothe，￡21.50adults.BewilderwoodNorfolkInspiredbytheBeWILDerwoodbookseriesbyBiofeld,thewholefamilycanspendhoursclimbingacrossawoodenadventurelandNorfolk.everythingfromabovegroundrope-walksclimbingwalls,andconfusingmazes.Childrenunder92cmgetfree,between92cmand105cm19.50,over105cm￡21.50.Adults￡25.50.FamilyPark,NorthItisanoutdooradventurelocatedbeneaththetreesofSnowdoniaNationalPark.Runwildthroughancientforest,andwanderaroundtheEnchantedRiverRide.Havefunontheonlysolar-poweredwaterrideandjumpaboardthefirstpeople-poweredrollerOnlineadvancedadulttickets,16.50,children16.Formoreinformation,pleasecontactthetravelagencytraveldesk@MirrorT.21.FlipOutisuniqueinits_______.A.fitnessclassC.sportsgamesB.specialzonesforchildrenD.trampolineshowgroundarea22.Ifyouwanttoexperiencelifeintheoldtime,whichactivitywillyouchoose?A.KewGardensB.IronbridgeMuseumsC.FamilyParkD.BewilderwoodNorfolkandCheshire23.IftheSmithsandtheirlessthan92cm,wanttogotoBewilderwood,howmuchwouldtheypay?A.25.5B.C.D.47BAsmostofyoutheyearofuniversityisalwaysthehardesttoadaptto.additionoftakingcareofyourself,makingnewfriends,learninghowgetaroundcampus,andschoolcansometimesbetoomuchIwouldlikeattendmedicalschoolaftermyfour-yearundergraduate.Itiswell-knownthatmedicalschoolsareverycompetitiveandrequireextremelyhighmarks.IhadalwaysknownthatIwasmeantformedicalschoolandworkedhardallthroughouthighschool.IengagedinlifesciencesandknewthatIwantedtodoadoublemajorinneuroscience(神經科學)andbutofcourse,Isofondofthepreconditionstogettothatstage.IhadtotakemathandphysicsinfirstSoafterthechokeIcallthefirstterm,IlookedbackongradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefore.Ireallyeventhinktheywerepossible.Ihadheardthatmedicalschoolslikedtoseeupwardtrend,Idiscouragedandhurt,buttriednottothinkaboutit.HavingyourgradestakenawayfromyouwhenthatwasallyouhadwasahugethingIhadtoovercome—Idefinedmyworthbyhow“smart”IwasandgettingpastthatmindsetwasthehardestthingI’veeverdone.AfterIsawmygrades,IrealizedthemistakeImadetakingabunchofunnecessarilychallengingcourses.Attheendofsecondterm,mygradesashighIwantedthemtobe,butIacceptedit.Iknewthattherewerereasonsthedifferencesbetweenindividuals,butIstillahugeimprovementmymarksfromthefirstterm.IhadenjoyedmytimeinsecondtermandeventhoughIwhereIwantedbe,ithadnothingdowithplaceintheItwasveryeye-openingandtaughtwhatIneededtodoorderachieveMYbest—notwhateveryoneelseconsideredtobethebest.I’mnowtakingasummerschoolcourseandmarksareincrediblybetterthanwhatIwasgettingduringfirstyearofschool.ThoughIhadaroughstart,I’msuremylessonsandnewattitudewillcarrymuchfartherthanjusttomedicalschool.24.Theauthorwantedtotakeadoublemajorbecause______.A.likedthetwomajorsbetterB.waspreparingherselfhergoalC.triedtoproveheracademicabilityD.decidedtochallengeherselfuniversity25.Howdidauthorfeelwhenreviewinghergradesafterthefirstterm?A.Satisfied.B.Surprised.C.Calm.D.26.Inthesecondterm,theauthor______.A.acceptedthegradesanddidnothingB.triedtolearnmorenecessarycoursesC.viewedlearningfromaangleD.focusedonlearningmedicalknowledge27.Whatcanlearnfromthispassage?A.Afreshstartleadstochallenges.B.HardworkwillpaysoonerorC.Sticktoyourplanandyouwillsucceed.D.ProperadjustmentwilltakeyouCGrowingup,IfeltthatIlearnedsomethingsquicklyandotherthingspainfullyPickingupFrenchandSpanishseemedcomewhilepaintinganddrawingrequiredalotofpractice.Ithoughtthatsomepeoplejusthaveatalentlanguages;othersprobablyfelttheway—thatcertainthingswereeasierforyoutolearn.Anddidmyresearchpartners.Sowesetouttoidentifywhatmakessomepeoplelearnfasterthanothers.Ifwecouldjustdistill(提取)theseunique(獨特的)characteristics,wethought,wewouldbeablecreatebetterlearningenvironments—andmakeeveryoneafastInourwemodeldatafromstudentperformanceongroupsoftasksthatassess(評估)thesameskillcomponentandthatprovidefollow-upinstructionsonstudenterrors.modelsestimatetheincreaseincorrectnessaftereachpracticeappliedourmodelsto1.3millionobservationsacross27datasetsofstudentinteractionswithonlinepracticesystemsinthecontextofelementarycollegecourses.Incontrast,andmuchoursurprise,wefoundstudentstobeastonishinglysimilarestimatedlearningrate.Therearenosuchthingsasfastandslowlearners!findthatatypicalstudentneedsaboutsevenlearningopportunitiesmasteratypicalknowledgecomponent().Theystartatlevelsofproficiency(熟練)but,whenprovidedwithhigh-qualitypracticeopportunities,theylearnaboutthesamespeed.theywillendplaces—butbecausehavedifferentstartinglines,notbecausetheyarequickerorslowertolearn.Thatmeansthetypesofopportunitiesyougetareimportant.Detailed,timelyfeedbackandhintsprovidefavorableconditionsthatallowyoutoconsistentlymakeprogress,regardlessofwhereyoubegan.thinkyou’realoneiflearningfeelsslowandeffortful.Doagain.canmakeasmuchprogressaseveryoneelse—andsotheyoungpeopleyourlife.Achievementgapsaretheresultofopportunitygaps,notindividualdifferencesinlearningspeed.28.Whatistheauthor’spreviousthoughtaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Helearnpaintinganddrawing.B.Allpeoplehaveatalentlanguages.C.PeoplelearnthingsinthesameD.Peoplehavelearningspeeds.29.Whatdidresearchersdoinresearch?A.elementarycourses.B.Criticizestudents’mistakes.C.ApplytheirmodelsD.Distinguishthefastandslowlearners.30.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ThereIsNoSuchThingsasaFastLearnerB.HowLearnFasterthanOthersC.ThereIsDifferenceBetweenStudentsD.WhyEducationIsImportantUsDSearch“toxicparents”,andyou’llfindmorethan38,000posts,youngadultstocuttieswiththeirfamilies.Theideaistosafeguardmentalhealthfromabusiveparents.asapsychoanalyst,I’veseenthattrendinrecentyearsbecomeawaymanageconflictsintheandIhaveseenthesevereimpactsestrangement(疏遠)hasonbothsidesofthedivide.Thisisaself-helptrendthatcreatesmuchharm.ResearchbyKarlaprofessoratCornellindicatesthat1in4Americanadultshavebecomeestrangedfromtheirfamilies.Ibelieveundercount,becauseothershavestoppedshortofcompletelycuttingcontactbuthaveeffectivelybrokentheties.“Canceling”yourparentcanbeseenasanextensionofaculturaltrendaimedatcorrectingimbalancesinpowerandsystemicCertainlythefamilyissysteminwhichpowerhasneverbeenbalanced.1933,thepsychoanalystSándorFerencziwarnedthateventhesimpleindicationthatsomeonehasmorepowerthanwedocouldpotentiallybedamaging.socialjusticevaluesrespondtothiscallingonustocriticizeoppressiveandharmfulfiguresandtogainpowerforthosewhohavebeenpowerless.Butwhenadultchildrenusethemosteffectivetooltheyhave-themselves-togainasenseofsecurityandbantheirparentsfromtheirlives,therolesaresimplyswitched,andthepainonlydeepens.Often,whatIseeinmypracticearecasesoffamilyconflictmismanaged,powerdynamicsturnedupsidedownratherthannegotiated.Iseetheterribleofthattrend;situationswithwinners,onlyisolated(孤獨的)humanslongbeknownandfeelsafeinthepresenceoftheThecatchisthatafterestrangement,adultchildrenarenotsuddenlylessdependent.Infact,theyfeelabandonedandbetrayed,becausetheunconscious,itmatterwhoisdoingtheleaving;thefeelingthatremainsis“beingleft”.Theycarrytheghostsoftheirchildhood,tacklingtheemotionalrealitythatthosewhoraiseduscannevertrulybeleftbehind,nomatterhowhardweWhatIhavefoundisthatmostofthesefamiliesneednotpermanentbreak-up.Howelsecanonelearnhownegotiateneeds,tocreateboundariesandtotrust?Howelsecanweloveothers,andourselves,ifnotthroughacceptingthelimitationsthatcomewithbeinghuman?Goodrelationshipsaretheresultnotofaperfectlevelofharmonybutratherofsuccessfuladjustments.pursuedialogueinsteadofestrangementwillbehardandpainfulwork.Itasingleprojectof“self-help”,becauseattheendoftherealintimacy(親密關系)isachievedworkingthroughinjuriesofthepastmostcasesoffamilyconflict,repairispossibleandpreferableestrangement—andworththework.31.Whydoyoungpeoplecuttieswiththefamily?A.gainanindependentlife.B.restoreharmonyintheC.protecttheirpsychologicalwell-being.D.followatendencytowardssocialjustice.32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“catch”inParagraph6mean?A.Response.B.Problem.C.Operation.D.Emphasis.33.managefamilyconflict,theauthoragreesthatyoungadultsshould.A.breakdownboundariesB.gainpowerwithinthefamilyC.liveuptotheirparents’expectations34.theauthor’spurposeofwritingthepassage?A.advocateaself-helptrend.D.acceptimperfectionoffamilymembersB.justifyacommonsocialvalue.C.againstacurrentpractice.D.discussameansofcommunication.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項?！癐stheglasshalfemptyorhalffull?”ThisoldEnglishsayinghaslongbeenuseddifferentiateapessimistfromanoptimist.mostyoungpeopletheanswerisusually“halffull”,becausewehavebeentaughtthatapositiveattitudetowardslifeisoneoftheprimarykeystosuccess.____35____Recentstudiesindicatethatitalldepends.ThereissuchathingastoomuchalsoknownastoxicIthappenswhensomeoneremainsinahappyandpositivestateandignoresanybadandnegativeemotionsacrossallsituations.____36____deathofapet,alowscoreonatest,oramountainofnewhomeworkshouldleadtoemotionssuchassadness,frustrationandIfwehidetheseemotionsjustbecausewewanttolookoptimisticinfrontofourfriendsandtheycanbuildupinsideofusandenduperuptingunexpectedways.____37________38____Imaginehavinghadabadandwantingtotalkaboutitwithyourfriend.insteadoflisteningyourproblemsandsympathizingwithyou,theysimplytoldyou“bepositive”and“l(fā)ookonthebrightside.”Bysayingsuchthings,theygiveyoutheimpressionthatyourproblemsarebeingcompletelyignored.sinceyouhavetheright“attitude,”yourproblemsareultimatelyyourownfault.Thatbeingsaid,nobodylikestobearounddepressedpeople.Justtakeeverythingasitcomesandexpresshowyoureallyfeel.____39____.GiveneverythingIhavealreadysaid,mysimpleadvicetoyouistodothatwhichgivesyouthebest“attitude”inlife,whateverforyouthatmightbe.Regardlessofwhetheraglassishalf-emptyorhalf-full,itnonethelessstillhasspacefill.A.beingnegativenecessarilyabadthing?B.Thismakesyouhuman,andyourtruefriendswillalwaysstickyou.C.ButitisnormalforustoexperiencearangeofemotionsinaD.AndthisiswhyIwouldwanttowriteaboutstayingpositiveinthesedifficulttimes.E.Evidencesuggeststhatoverlypositivepeopleareatahigherriskofdevelopingpsychologicalproblems.Asidefromthepersonalemotionalimpactsoftoxicthisattitudecanalsohaveanegativeonthepeoplearoundyou.G.Butwitheverythingthathasbeengoingonbothhomeandabroad,probablyfelttoyoulikeacontinuousstruggletoremainpositive.第三部分書面表達（共兩節(jié)，32分）第一節(jié)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內容在答題卡相應題號后的橫線上寫下相關信息，完成對該問題的回答。Doyouspendoveranhoureachdaytextingmessagesyourfriends?Doyoufrequentlyignorework,andotheractivitiescheckyourphonemessages?Areyouanxiousandrestlessifyouareseparatedfromyourmobilephone?Ifyouanswer“yes”toanyofthequestions,thenitisverypossiblethatyouareatextaholic.Atextaholiccanbedefinedassomeonewhoisaddictedtosendingandreceivingmessages.mainsymptoms(癥狀)areastrongdesiretotextmessages,whichtakesprecedence(優(yōu)先)overeverythingelse,andbadmoods,lowspiritsandalackofself-confidenceifmessagesfailin.rootoftheproblem,aswithmanyaddictions,isthedesiretoescapefromemotionaldifficultiessuchasstress,anxietyandrelationshipproblems.Expertswarnthattextaddictionislikelytobecomethemostcommonformofaddictioninthefuture,especiallyamongtheyoung．Sowhatcanyoudoifyouthinkyoubeatextaholic?Thekeyistogetyourlifebackbalance.Makesureyouresisttheanswereverymessageyoureceive,andconsiderleavingyourmobilephonebehindoccasionallywhenyougoout.Mostmakeapointofspendingqualitytimewithfriendsandandmakere-learntheofface-to-faceconversationinsteadofconductingyourrelationshipsbymeansoftextmessages.Notonlywillyousavetimeandbutyoumayalsorediscoverthepleasureoftruecommunication.40.Whatisatextaholic?______________________________41.Whatcausesapersonbeatextaholic?______________________________42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplaincuretextaddiction,individualsshouldrefusetorespondmessagesandspendqualitytimewithfriendsand______________________________43.helpatextaholic,whatothersuggestionswouldyougivehimorher?(Inabout40words)______________________________書面表達（20分）44.假如你是李華，計劃和同學去敬老院（nursinghome）陪老人們國重陽節(jié)（theDoubleNinthFestival請給外教Lucy寫封郵件，邀她一同前往，內容包括：1.出發(fā)及返回時間；2.活動：包餃子、表演節(jié)目等。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.結語已為你寫好。Dear_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________LookingforwardtoyourLiHua參考答案第一部分：知識運用共兩節(jié)，分)第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題；每小題分，共15分）【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.A5.D6.B7.AD9.C10.B【導語】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講的是作者在一個晚上為了躲避車輛而導致自己的車無法再次啟動，一個好心的司機停下車來陪著作者聊天，直到路邊救援公司到來，此后作者和那個人成為了好朋友?！?題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就在兩年前的一個晚上，我很晚才開車回家，行駛在一條僻靜偏僻的路上，突然另一輛車以極快的速度向我駛來。A.power權力；B.努力；C.care照料，護理；D.speed速度。根據(jù)下文“Ihadtomakeasuddenandquicksidewaysmovement”可知，突然另一輛車以極快的速度向作者駛來。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了避免撞到它，我不得不突然快速地向旁邊移動，結果我差點撞到一棵樹。A.avoid避免；B.practice練習；C.risk風險；D.delay推遲。根據(jù)下文“hittingit”可知，作者是避免撞到那輛車。故選A?！?題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我很擔心，因為已經很晚了，周圍又幾乎沒有別的車。A.guilty有罪的；B.ashamed慚愧的；C.anxious焦慮的，擔心的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)下文“therewerehardlyanyothercarsaround”可知，天很晚，周圍又沒有車，所以作者很擔心。故選C。【4題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我打電話給路邊救援公司尋求幫助，他們告訴我一個半小時左右就會有人到。A.phoned打電話；B.recommended推薦；C.blamed責備；D.examined檢查。根據(jù)下文“theytoldsomeonewouldbethereinaroundoneandhalfanhour”可知，作者打電話給路邊救援公司尋求幫助。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：大約十五分鐘后，一輛路過的汽車停了下來，一位神情嚴肅的壯漢從車里走了出來。A.startedup開始；B.brokedown出故障；C.drove駕車離去；D.pulledup停下來。根據(jù)下文“astrongmanwithaseriousfacesteppedoutofthecar”可知，一輛路過的汽車停了下來。故選D。【6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他問我是否需要幫助，我告訴他發(fā)生了什么事。A.space空間；B.help幫助；C.care照料，護理；D.information信息。根據(jù)下文“Itoldhimwhathadhappened”可知，那個人應該是問作者是否需要幫助。故選B?！?題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他好心地提出在路邊救援人員到來之前陪著我。A.kindly好心地；B.carefully仔細地；C.eagerly急切地；D.rudely粗魯?shù)?。根?jù)下文“tostayme”可知，那個人好心地提出在路邊救援人員到來之前陪著作者。故選A?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在等待的時候，我們開始聊天，非常合得來。A.took拿走；B.shook搖晃；C.knockedD.hit打，擊。根據(jù)下文“yearson,wehavesharedjoysandsorrowsoflifetogether”可知，作者和那個人非常合得來，hitit是固定短語，意為“合得來”。故選D?！?題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：路邊救援人員出現(xiàn)時，我們已經安排好了再次見面。A.travel旅行；B.play玩兒；C.meet見面；D.wait等待。根據(jù)上文“really___8___it”和下文“yearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifetogether”可知，作者和那個人已經安排好了再次見面。故選?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：如果他是一個更好的司機，我永遠不會遇到終身的友誼。A.interest興趣；B.friendship友誼；C.dream夢想；D.habit習慣。根據(jù)上文“yearson,wehavesharedthejoysandsorrowsoflifetogether”可知，此處表示“如果他是一個更好的司機，我永遠不會遇到終身的友誼”。故選B。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題分，共分）【答案】traditionally12.uses13.which14.located【導語】本文為一篇說明文。講述了工程師發(fā)明了一種在夜間也能生產太陽能電力的設備。【題詳解】考查副詞。句意：太陽能電板將陽光轉化為能量，因此它們只能傳統(tǒng)地在白天的時候發(fā)揮作用。根據(jù)句子分析可知，此處作狀語，修飾動詞work，故應用副詞“traditionally傳統(tǒng)地”修飾，故填traditionally?！?2題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：然而，這一設備使用了一個熱電發(fā)電機，利用溫差產生能量。此處thisdevice作主語，為單數(shù)，與謂語動詞use之間為主動關系，且根據(jù)后文的creates可知，此處陳述客觀事實，應用一般現(xiàn)在時，故填uses?！?3題詳解】考查非限制性定語從句。句意：這就變成了能量，再轉化成電能。此處引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞為energy，指物，定語從句中缺少主語，故應用which引導，故填which?！?4題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：這一設備對那些離電網很遠的地區(qū)來說，是很有幫助的。此處作定語，修飾areas，areas與locate之間為被動關系，故應用過去分詞作后置定語，故填located。【答案】15.toteach16.before17.using【導語】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了作者曾經的學生Graham成為了一名作家，作者為他驕傲?！?5題詳解】考查固定短語。句意：我以前教過他！usedto意思為：過去常?！９侍顃oteach?！?6題詳解】考查連詞。句意：我記得在我教他之前，格雷厄姆非常難教。根據(jù)后文“ButhechangedquicklyafterIsetupanexperiment”可知，在作者開始教Graham之前，他很難教，“在……之前”為before。故填before。【17題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：但在我用酸和洋蔥做了一個實驗來展示人類的胃是如何工作之后，他很快就改變了。句子中已有動詞，空處為非謂語動詞，邏輯主語I與use構成主動關系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語。故填using?！敬鸢浮?8.unusual19.Confused20.hadspotted##spotted【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Nick在河中發(fā)現(xiàn)鯨目動物，說明環(huán)境得到了改善?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：Nick沿著拱門河騎著自行車，突然他注意到河里有不尋常的東西。something是一個不定代詞，后面一般加的是形容詞。結合句意，用形容詞unusual，表示“不同尋常的”。故填unusual?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：Nick對他所看到的感到困惑，他拍了一段視頻并發(fā)布在網上。beconfusedby對……困惑，在句中作狀語，所以用過去分詞形式。故填Confused?！?0題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：幾天后，一些研究人員證實，他發(fā)現(xiàn)了兩只海豚，這是自2017年以來在這條河中發(fā)現(xiàn)的第一只鯨類動物，這表明恢復河流健康的努力正在取得成效。根據(jù)時間狀語可知，從句的動作發(fā)生在主句過去動作confirmed之前，所以用過去完成時?；蛘弑硎娟愂鲞^去事實，所以也可用一般過去時。故填hadspotted/spotted。第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，分）第一節(jié)(共14小題；每小題2分，共28分)【答案】21.D22.B23.C【導語】本文為一篇應用文。文章介紹了英國幾處適合家庭活動的場地和活動項目?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)FlipOut,Glasgow中關鍵句“Thisplaceholdstheimpressivetitleofbeingthebiggesttrampoline(蹦床)showgroundintheworld.(這個地方擁有世界上最大的蹦床展示區(qū)的稱號)”可知，F(xiàn)lipOut的特殊之處在于它有世界上最大的蹦床展示區(qū)。故選D?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IronbridgeGorgeMuseums,中關鍵句“StepbackintimeatBlistsHillwherelifefrommorethanacenturyagoiscarefullyrecreated.(回到布里斯特山維多利亞小鎮(zhèn)，一個多世紀前的生活被精心重現(xiàn))”可知，如果想體驗舊時生活，應該選擇IronbridgeMuseums。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)BewilderwoodNorfolkand中關鍵句“Childrenunder92cmgetinfree,between92cmand105cm￡19.50,over105cm21.50.Adults￡25.50.(92厘米以下的孩子免費，厘米到105厘米的孩子19.50英鎊，105厘米以上的孩子21.50英鎊。成人25.50英鎊)”可知，史密斯夫婦需要花費英鎊，少于92厘米的孩子免費，一共需要花費51英鎊。故選C。【答案】24.B25.B26.C27.D【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為大學新生，在適應大學生活的同時，為攻讀醫(yī)學院而努力提升成績的心路歷程?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Iwouldliketoattendmedicalschoolafterfour-yearundergraduate.(我想在讀完四年的本科后去醫(yī)學院)”和“IengagedlifesciencesandknewthatIwanteddoadoublemajorneuroscienceandpsychology(我從事的是生命科學，我知道我想要神經科學和心理學的雙學位)”可知，作者想進入醫(yī)學院深造，參與生命科學的研究，所以她要主修神經科學和心理學雙學位。這表明她選擇這兩個專業(yè)是為了自己的長遠目標，即進入醫(yī)學院深造，因此她是在為自己的目標做準備。故選B項。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“IlookedbackonmygradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefore.Ireallyeventhinktheywerepossible.(我回顧了我的成績，發(fā)現(xiàn)我以前從未見過這樣的數(shù)字。我真的認為這是不可能的)”可知，回顧自己的成績時，作者認為不可能，感到意外。故選B項?！?6題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Attheendofmysecondterm,gradesashighasIwantedthembe,butIacceptedit.Iknewthattherereasonsforthebetweenindividuals,butIstillsawahugeimprovementinmymarksfromthefirstterm.IhadenjoyedmytimeinmysecondtermandeventhoughIwhereIwantedtobe,ithadnothingdowithplacetheItwasveryeye-openingandtaughtmewhatIneededtodoordertoachievebest—notwhateveryoneelseconsideredtobethebest.(在我的第二個學期結束時，我的成績沒有我想要的那么高，但我接受了它。我知道人與人之間的差異是有原因的，但我仍然看到我的成績比第一學期有了巨大的進步。我在第二個學期過得很愉快，盡管我沒有達到我想要的水平，但這與我在大學里的地位無關。這讓我大開眼界，讓我知道我需要做什么才能做到最好——而不是別人認為的最好)”可知，作者在第二個學期開始從不同的角度看待學習。故選C項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，結合第三段中“SoafterthechokeIcallthefirstterm,IlookedbackonmygradesandfoundthatIhadneverseennumberslikethisbefore.Ireallyeventhinktheywerepossible.Ihadheardthatmedicalschoolslikedtoseeanupwardtrend,Iwasdiscouragedandhurt,buttriednotthinkaboutit.(我稱之為第一學期的艱難時刻之后，我回顧了自己的成績，發(fā)現(xiàn)我從未見過這樣的數(shù)字。我甚至真的認為這些成績是不可能的。我聽說醫(yī)學院喜歡看到成績呈上升趨勢，所以我感到沮喪和受傷，但我盡量不去想它)”、第四段中“AfterIsawmygrades,IrealizedthemistakeImadetakingabunchofunnecessarilychallengingcourses.(看到成績后，我意識到自己犯了一個錯誤，上了一堆不必要的挑戰(zhàn)性課程”和最后一段中“ThoughIhadaroughstart,I’msurelessonsandnewattitudewillcarrymemuchfartherthanjusttomedicalschool.(雖然我有一個艱難的開始，但我相信我的課程和新的態(tài)度將使我比僅僅進入醫(yī)學院走得更遠)”可知，在第一學期遭遇挫折后，作者在第二學期及時調整策略、改變態(tài)度，最后有了新的開始，并堅信自己會走得更遠。由此可知，這篇文章告訴我們：適當?shù)恼{整會讓你走得更遠。故選D項?！敬鸢浮?8.D29.C30.A【導語】本文為一篇說明文，作者通過實驗數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，不同人之間的學習速度差不多，沒有快速學習者。成績差距是機會差距的結果。【28題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Growingup,IfeltthatIlearnedsomethingsquicklyandotherthingspainfullyPickingupFrenchandSpanishseemedtocomewhilepaintingdrawingrequiredalotofpractice.Ithoughtthatsomepeoplejusthaveatalentforlanguages;othersdon’t.(在成長的過程中，我覺得有些東西學得很快，而有些東西學得很慢。學習法語和西班牙語似乎是自然而然的，而繪畫則需要大量的練習。我以為有些人就是有語言天賦；其余人沒有)”及第二段“probablyfeltsame—thatcertainthingswereeasierforyoutolearn.(你可能也有同樣的感覺——學習某些東西對你來說更容易)”可知，作者原先認為不同的人有不同的學習速度。故選D?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Inourwemodeldatafromstudentperformanceongroupsoftasksthatassess(評估)thesameskillcomponentthatprovidefollow-upinstructionsonstudenterrors.Ourmodelsestimatetheincreaseincorrectnessaftereachpracticeappliedourmodelsto1.3millionobservationsacross27datasetsofstudentinteractionswithonlinepracticesystemsthecontextofelementarytocollegecourses.(在我們的研究中，我們模擬了學生在評估相同技能組成部分的任務組中和為學生錯誤提供后續(xù)指導的表現(xiàn)數(shù)據(jù)。我們的模型估計每一次練習機會后正確性的增加。我們將我們的模型應用于在小學至大學課程背景下，學生與在線實踐系統(tǒng)互動的27個數(shù)據(jù)集的130萬次觀察)”可知，研究者們在實驗中廣泛應用他們的模型。故選C?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Incontrast,andmuchtooursurprise,wefoundstudentstobeastonishinglysimilarinestimatedlearningrate.Therearenosuchthingsasfastandslowlearners!(相比之下，讓我們驚訝的是，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)學生們在估計的學習率方面驚人地相似。沒有學得快和學得慢的人)”及倒數(shù)第三段“theywillendindifferentplaces—butbecausetheyhavestartinglines,notbecausetheyarequickerorslowertolearn.(是的，它們會在不同的地方結束——但那是因為它們有不同的起跑線，而不是因為它們學得更快或更慢)”并結合全文可知，本文作者通過實驗數(shù)據(jù)發(fā)現(xiàn)，不同人之間的學習速度差不多，沒有快速學習者。成績差距是機會差距的結果。A選項“沒有學得快的人”符合本文主旨。故選A?！敬鸢浮?1.C32.B33.D34.C【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了面對家庭沖突或隔閡，相比疏遠，修復是更好的方法。【31題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Search“toxicparents”,andyou’llfindmorethan38,000posts,youngadultstocuttieswiththeirfamilies.ideaissafeguardmentalhealthfromabusiveparents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)有超過38000條帖子，大部分帖子敦促年輕人與家人斷絕聯(lián)系。這個想法是為了理上的傷害。故選C。【32題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第六段“Thecatchisthatafterestrangement,adultchildrenarenotsuddenlylessdependent.Infact,theyfeelabandonedandbetrayed”（_______是，在與家庭疏遠后，成年子女并不會突然變得不那么到被拋棄和被背叛，這是一種消極負面的影響。因此，劃線后是在解釋這一名詞，即catch表示嚴重的后果或是問題。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“WhatIhavefoundisthatmostofthesefamiliesneednotpermanentbreak-up.庭關系，而不是疏遠。以及“Howelsecanweloveothers,andourselves,ifnotthroughacceptingthelimitationsthatcomewithbeinghuman?Goodrelationshipsaretheresultnotofaperfectlevelofharmonybutratherofsuccessfuladjustments.”（如果不接受作為人類的局限性，我們還能怎樣去愛別人和自己呢?良好建議，要認識到人類的局限性，才能愛家人以及愛自己。即接受家人的不完美，調整自己的心態(tài)，對關系進行修復才能得完美和諧的結果。故選D。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Search“toxicparents”,andyou’llfindmorethan38,000posts,youngadultstocuttieswiththeirfamilies.ideaissafeguardmentalhealthfromabusiveparents.”（搜索“有毒父母”，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)超過38000條帖子，大部分敦促年輕人與家人斷絕聯(lián)系。這個想法是為了保護一沖突時，選擇疏遠家庭。以及“asapsychoanalyst,I’veseenthattrendinrecentyearsbeco