2025屆新教材高考英語(yǔ)全程一輪復(fù)習(xí)Unit4AdversityandCourage學(xué)生用書(shū)新人教版選擇性必修第三冊(cè)

UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE(一)分類(lèi)識(shí)記單詞——用時(shí)少·功效高識(shí)記單詞寫(xiě)對(duì)Ⅰ.知其意1．a(chǎn)dversityn.________________2．expeditionn.________________3．vigourn.________________4．cupboardn.________________5．stewardn.________________6．stoven.________________7．miserableadj.________________8．cosyadj.________________9．barkvi.&n.________________10．rugbyn.________________11．batn.________________vi.&vt.________________12．nephewn.________________13．corporateadj.________________14．motorn.________________adj.________________Ⅱ.寫(xiě)其形1．___________n．工資2．___________adv.&prep.上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車(chē)等)3．___________n．毯子4．___________n．[pl.]財(cái)物；動(dòng)產(chǎn)5．___________n.&vi.航海；航行6．___________n．海軍；海軍部隊(duì)7．___________adj.脾氣好的/壞的8．___________adj.真正的；真誠(chéng)的；可信任的9．___________n．(輪船、飛機(jī)等上面的)全體工作人員；專(zhuān)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)；一群人10．___________adj.深化的；徹底的；細(xì)致的11．___________n．消遣；消遣；嬉戲12．___________adj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的13．___________n．動(dòng)機(jī)；緣由；目的14．___________n．候選人；應(yīng)試者15．___________adj.潮濕的；濕氣重的核心單詞練通1．Friendsarenotbooks,yetbooksarefriends.Friendsmaybetrayyou,whilebooksarealways________(忠誠(chéng)的).2．WhenMaryconductedtheeveningpartyonthestage,hercolleagueslookedatherwith________(艷羨).3．Shedidthecleaningandwipedawaythedustfromallthe________(家具)thewholemorning.4．ThereisafamoussayingbasedonChinesephilosophy：“________(味苦的)pillsmayhaveblessedeffects.”5．Underthe__________(指導(dǎo))ofourteacher，wefinishedtheexperimentperfectly.6．Hurryup!Weneedtogettothetopofthemountainbeforethesun________(下沉)inthewest.拓展單詞用活Ⅰ.記全記牢1．qualifyvt.(使)具有資格；(使)合格→________adj.符合資格→________n．資格；資格證書(shū)2．endurevt.忍耐；容忍→________n．忍耐力；耐久力3．enthusiasticadj.熱忱的；熱心的→________adv.熱心地→________n．熱心；熱忱4．a(chǎn)ssignvt.分派；布置；安排→________n．安排；任務(wù)5．a(chǎn)bandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄；沉迷于→________adj.被拋棄的；無(wú)約束的6．selfishadj.自私的→________adv.自私地→________n.自私自利7．perseverevi.堅(jiān)持；孜孜以求→________n．毅力；韌性；不屈不撓的精神8．resolvevi.&vt.確定；決心；解決(問(wèn)題或困難)n．決心；堅(jiān)決的信念→________n．決議；解決；堅(jiān)決9．fortunen．財(cái)寶；命運(yùn)；運(yùn)氣→________adj.不幸的→________adv.不幸地；缺憾地10．a(chǎn)dvertisevt.&vi.公布；宣揚(yáng)；做廣告→________n．廣告活動(dòng)；廣告業(yè)→________n．廣告11．crueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的→________n．殘忍；殘酷12．commitvt.犯(錯(cuò)誤、罪行等)vi.&vt.(使)擔(dān)當(dāng)義務(wù)；(使)作出保證→________adj.不遺余力的；堅(jiān)決的→________n．承諾；保證；奉獻(xiàn)Ⅱ.用準(zhǔn)用活1．TodayIamas________aboutmyjobasthefirstdayandmy________enablesmetotreatmyjob________．(enthusiastic)2．________，hereceivedalarge________fromhisunclewhoiswarm-heartedandgenerous.(fortunate)3．He________himselftoworkingdayandnight.His________wonhimagreatreputation.(commit)4．Hehaseducational________andhenceheiswell________forthejobasatutor.(qualify)5．①I(mǎi)wouldliketoapplyforthepositionwhich____________(advertise)inyesterday'snewspaper.②Havingstruggledtofindajobformonths，Maryfinallytookapositionatalocal________(advertise)agency.③IfIhadseenthe________(advertise)intimeIwouldhaveappliedforthejob.6．This________boywas________himselftotakingdrugs.(abandon)7．Itseemsthatwegaveupsomestrengthforgreater________(endure).8．NeverwillZhouYang(ZY)forgethisfirst________(assign)attheofficeofapopularEnglishnewspaper.(二)語(yǔ)境記憶短語(yǔ)——不枯燥·愛(ài)好高Ⅰ.記全記牢1．__________________拒絕(某人)2．__________________生火3．__________________放出(熱、光、氣味或氣體)4．__________________保持某人昂揚(yáng)的心情5．__________________使某人振作起來(lái)6．__________________對(duì)……厭倦的7．__________________回報(bào)某人8．__________________困?。幌萦?．__________________對(duì)……熱忱10．__________________堅(jiān)持??；等一下；別掛斷Ⅱ.用準(zhǔn)用活選用左欄短語(yǔ)填空1．Lastyear，neithertheexpertsnorthephysician______________________thecurefortheseveredisease.2．Theircar________________themud,sotheyhadnochoicebuttowaitforrescue.3．Honestlyspeaking,Ican'timaginewhyshe________________yourkindofferyesterday.4．Idohopeshecan________________andacceptthechallengeoflifebravely!5．Nancyandhersisterpickedsomebranches,________________andprepareddinnerintheopenair.·會(huì)積累聯(lián)想拓展·1.“旅行”名詞家族①voyage航行；航海②tour(觀(guān)光)旅行③travel旅行④journey(長(zhǎng)途)旅行⑤trip(短途)旅行；外出⑥outing遠(yuǎn)足2.“真誠(chéng)；誠(chéng)懇”家族①sincereadj.真誠(chéng)的sincerelyadv.真誠(chéng)地②genuineadj.真誠(chéng)的；真心的genuinelyadv.真誠(chéng)地；誠(chéng)懇地③heartyadj.親切的；真誠(chéng)的；熱誠(chéng)的④honestadj.誠(chéng)懇的；正直的3．你會(huì)“打電話(huà)”嗎？①ringsb.up給某人打電話(huà)②callsb.up給某人打電話(huà)③givesb.aphone/call/ring給某人打電話(huà)④call/ringback回電話(huà)⑤holdon別掛斷⑥r(nóng)ingoff/hangup掛斷(三)仿寫(xiě)用活句式——造佳句·表達(dá)高句式背誦句型1Ithappenedthat...碰巧……Well,itsohappenedthatonemorningIboughtanewspaperandreadtheadvertisementabouttheAntarcticexpedition.好吧，一天早晨，我碰巧買(mǎi)了份報(bào)紙，看到了這則有關(guān)南極探險(xiǎn)的招募廣告。句型2if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.假如沒(méi)有海洋動(dòng)物，我們都會(huì)餓死。句型3keep＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)Ourdisciplineandteamspiritkeptusoptimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfearsinapositiveandsuccessfulway.我們的紀(jì)律和團(tuán)隊(duì)精神讓我們保持樂(lè)觀(guān)，并幫助我們以主動(dòng)和勝利的方式處理我們的恐驚。句式仿寫(xiě)1．碰巧我看過(guò)賈玲導(dǎo)演的電影，所以我把情節(jié)告知了他們。____________________IhadseenthefilmdirectedbyJiaLing,soItoldthemtheplot.2.要不是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)，我們不行能這么簡(jiǎn)單地保持聯(lián)系。____________________，wecouldn'tkeepintouchwitheachothersoeasily.3．你最好每天留出一些時(shí)間運(yùn)動(dòng)一下以便保持精力充足。Youhadbettersetasidesometimeeverydayforsportssothatyoucan________________．過(guò)重難解惑釋疑——先練透再寫(xiě)美·互動(dòng)探究1.enthusiasticadj.熱忱的；熱心的(1)beenthusiasticabout(doing)sth.對(duì)(做)……熱忱(2)enthusiasmn.熱忱；熱忱lack/befullofenthusiasm缺乏/充溢熱忱withenthusiasm熱忱地(3)enthusiasticallyadv.熱忱地；熱心地[佳句]Iamnotonlyenthusiasticbutalsoeasytogetalongwith，whichmakesmequalifiedforthevoluntaryworkadvertisedinthenewspaper.我不僅熱忱而且簡(jiǎn)單相處，這使得我適合報(bào)紙上所刊登的志愿者工作。[練透]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Heisselfishandbad-tempered.Thus，hewillneverbeenthusiastic________helpingthoseintrouble.②[2024·天津3月卷]Althoughexhausting,itgavemeenergy,________(enthusiastic)andhappiness.[寫(xiě)美]——讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)佳句③[2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)]盡管失敗了幾次，伯納德和杰克仍舊熱忱地做爆米花。BernardandJackstillmadepopcorn________________inspiteofseveralfailures.2.aboardadv.&prep.上(船、飛機(jī)、公共汽車(chē)等)(1)goaboard上船(飛機(jī)、火車(chē)等)(2)boardvt.&vi.上船(或火車(chē)、飛機(jī)、公共汽車(chē)等)n.木板；董事會(huì)；伙食onboard在船(火車(chē)或飛機(jī))上(3)broadadj.寬敞的；廣袤的(4)abroadadv.在/到國(guó)外；在/到海外goabroad出國(guó)[佳句]Theinstanttheyoungcouplewentaboardtheship/boardedtheship，theywereeating，talkingandlaughingloudlyasiftheyweretheonlypeopleintheworld.這對(duì)年輕夫婦一上船，他們就吃東西，說(shuō)話(huà)，大笑著，似乎他們是這世界上僅存的人。[練透]——補(bǔ)全句子①Hewastall____________(寬寬的肩膀)andabeardandalways________________(面帶微笑).②Accordingtotheairlinerules，wesuggestyou(should)switchoffyourmobilephonebefore________________(登上飛機(jī)).[寫(xiě)美]——應(yīng)用文之告知信③得知你將去國(guó)外深造，我寫(xiě)信告知你一些必要的留意事項(xiàng)。____________________________________，I'mwritingtoinformyouofsomenecessarydosanddon'ts.3.envyn．&vt.艷羨；嫉妒(1)envysb.sth.艷羨某人有某物envysb.doingsth. 艷羨某人做某事(2)withenvy 艷羨地；嫉妒地outofenvy 出于嫉妒greenwithenvy嫉妒地眼紅[佳句]Honestlyspeaking，IdoenvyyougettingthetitleoftheExcellentGraduateandIshouldfollowyourexample.醇厚說(shuō)，我真艷羨你獲得了優(yōu)秀畢業(yè)生的稱(chēng)號(hào)，我應(yīng)當(dāng)向你學(xué)習(xí)。[近義]admire[練透]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Onlyshehasaccesstosuchpreciousresources，which____________(envy)byherfellows.②Allthegirlsatthedancewatchedher________envywhenshedancedwiththeprince.[寫(xiě)美]——應(yīng)用文佳句③李明不僅學(xué)得快，而且擅長(zhǎng)用邏輯思維解決難題，我都有點(diǎn)眼紅了。NotonlyisLiMingquickatlearningbutalsoheisgoodatsolvingtoughproblemswithlogicalmind.________________．4.abandonvt.舍棄；拋棄；放棄(1)abandononeselfto...沉湎于……；盡情于……(to為介詞)abandondoingsth.放棄做某事(2)withabandon放縱地；放任地(3)abandonedadj.被遺棄的；放縱的beabandonedto沉湎于……[佳句]Iwasabouttoabandonhopewhenmyfathercameandencouragedmetokeeptrying.我剛要放棄希望時(shí)，爸爸過(guò)來(lái)激勵(lì)我要接著嘗試。[近義]desert,giveup[練透]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①Theyoungmanabandonedhimselfto________(drink)alldaybecauseofhisfailure.②However,lastmonth,theseplans________(abandon)becauseoffinancialproblems.③Tenminuteslater,theyarrivedatthat________(abandon)station.[寫(xiě)美]——微寫(xiě)作④感到懊喪，我發(fā)覺(jué)自己沉湎于玩電腦嬉戲。__________________，Ifoundmyself______________________playingcomputergames.5.guidancen．指導(dǎo)；引導(dǎo)；導(dǎo)航(1)underone'sguidance在某人的指導(dǎo)下provideguidance 供應(yīng)指導(dǎo)personalguidance 親自指導(dǎo)(2)guidevt. 指導(dǎo)；指引n. 向?qū)佳句]IdobelieveIamsuitedforthisvoluntaryworkandcanserveasyourguide.[浙江6月，書(shū)面表達(dá)]我信任我很適合這份志愿工作，并能擔(dān)當(dāng)貴公司的導(dǎo)游。[練透]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①WhenIwasintrouble,heoffered________(guide)tomeonmycareer.②________(guide)bythesun,theywalkedtowardstheirdestinationthroughthewoods.[寫(xiě)美]——應(yīng)用文佳句③要是我生活在他的時(shí)代，聽(tīng)從他的教育就好了！IfonlyIhadlivedinhistimesand__________________________！6.resolvevi.&vt.確定；決心；解決(問(wèn)題或困難)n．決心；堅(jiān)決的信念(1)resolvetodo...決心做……resolveondoing... 確定做……(2)resolutionn． 決議；解決；堅(jiān)決makearesolutiontodo... 下定決心做……[佳句]Culturalrelicsrepresentthewisdomofourancestors，soourcountryhasresolvedtosparenoefforttoprotectthem.文化遺產(chǎn)代表我們祖先的才智，因此我們國(guó)家確定不遺余力地愛(ài)護(hù)它們。[指津]“解決；處理”薈萃：①settle;②handle;③dealwith;④attendto[練透]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)resolved____________(turn)downhisinvitationbecausemyteacherassignedtoomuchhomework.②Thestewardhas__________(resolve)manyproblemsontheplaneperfectly，soheiscertainlyqualifiedforhisjob.[寫(xiě)美]——寫(xiě)作話(huà)題之人際溝通③為了解決沖突，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)學(xué)會(huì)多溝通，把自己放在別人的位置上。____________，weshouldlearntocommunicatemoreandputourselvesinothers'place.7.turnsb.down拒絕(某人)turnin上交；拐入turnout 結(jié)果是；證明是；生產(chǎn)；制造turnover 翻身；移交；轉(zhuǎn)變turnoff 關(guān)掉turnto 向……求助turnup 出現(xiàn)；到場(chǎng)；開(kāi)大；調(diào)高[佳句]Tomhadtoturndowntheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.上周末湯姆不得不拒絕參與聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)，因?yàn)樗α?。[練透]——用turn的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)填空①[2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ]He____________theforestdepartmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.②IsincerelyhopeyourtripinChinawill____________amostunforgettableexperienceinlife.[寫(xiě)美]——應(yīng)用文佳句③一些聞名的中國(guó)藝術(shù)家將出席展覽并表演。SomefamousChineseartistswill________________________．8.句型公式：if引導(dǎo)虛擬條件句Ifitweren'tforseaanimals,wewouldallstarve.假如沒(méi)有海洋動(dòng)物，我們都會(huì)餓死。虛擬條件句主句與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(be動(dòng)詞一般用were)would/could/should/might＋動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)had＋過(guò)去分詞would/could/should/might＋have＋過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反的假設(shè)(1)動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式(2)wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形(3)should＋動(dòng)詞原形would/could/should/might＋動(dòng)詞原形[佳句]Iftheteachershadn'tgivenmeahand，Iwouldn'thavemadefriendswithmyclassmates.假如老師們沒(méi)有幫助我，我就不會(huì)和我的同學(xué)交摯友了。[練透]——單句語(yǔ)法填空①I(mǎi)fmybrotherwerehere，everything____________(be)allright.②Theymighthavefoundabetterhotelifthey____________(drive)afewmorekilometers.③Ifit____________________(rain)thisafternoon,thebasketballmatchwouldbeputoff.[寫(xiě)美]——應(yīng)用文佳句④假如我是一名環(huán)衛(wèi)工人，我會(huì)讓我們的城市更干凈，街上沒(méi)有任何垃圾。________________________withnorubbishlyingonthestreet.●刷題強(qiáng)訓(xùn)·精題細(xì)作●(維度1)詞形轉(zhuǎn)換1．[2024·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ]Usuallytheoffenderwouldappearattheendoftheday,andIwouldreturnthe________(belong).2．Ifyouareseriousaboutourrelationship,youshouldmakea________(commit).3．________(fortunate),theydidn'tseizetheopportunitytofinishthese________(assign)aheadoftime.4．Ittookthecity________(rough)2weekstorestorethegardentoitsformerbeauty.5．Dozensof________(qualify)studentstookpartinthecampaignandpractisedfrequentlyunderthe________(guide)ofsomeexperiencedwritersandteachers.(維度2)固定用法和搭配在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1．Myheart________(sink)whenIwasinformedthatmymoderatereformsendedupinfailure.2．Overthepastdecade,aglobalpushtoreducehungerandextremepoverty________(mark)somesignificantsuccess.3．Wehaveresolved________(reduce)ourcarbonfootprintbyrestrictingtheamountofcarbondioxideourlifestylesproduce.4．Asisknowntousall，hehasremainedloyal________hispoliticalprinciplesandhewillneverbetrayhismotherland.5．Ourmonitorisenthusiastic________creatingaharmoniouscampusandheoftenlaunchessomecampaignstopromoteit.6．Facedwithchallenges,you'dbetterkeep________agoodstateofmind.7．________acruelmanhewas！Everyonepresentatthemeetingwasshocked.(維度3)依據(jù)提示，運(yùn)用本單元的詞匯、短語(yǔ)及句式或運(yùn)用詞匯的正確形式完成下面的語(yǔ)篇WhenitcomestotheSilkRoad,ZhangQian,oneofthemostinfluentialexplorersoftheSilkRoad,willcometomymind.ZhangQianwasagreatexplorerduringtheHanDynasty①_____________________(被派去西域兩次).②___________________(不管天氣多壞),heneverabandonedhis③________(assign).Hemadegreatcontributionstoopeningtheeast-westrouteconnectingChina'sHanwiththewesternregions.Furthermore,henotonlyintroducedsilkandotherproductstothewestbuthealsobroughtbackmanynewproductsandknowledgeoftechnologiesoftheoutsideworld④__________________________________________________(用倒裝句升級(jí)加黑體部分).⑤________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(激勵(lì)我的是他完成探險(xiǎn)的毅力和決心).測(cè)效果素養(yǎng)提能——先提能再培優(yōu)·素養(yǎng)落實(shí)提能一熟詞生義1．[2024·新高考全國(guó)卷，讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)]Jennathrewtheburntpieceintothesinkandputintheothersliceofbread.____________2．Pahlssonandherhusbandsearchedthekitchen,checkingeverycorner,butturnedupnothing.____________3．Thebarkoftheyoungtreewasremovedandsoonitdied.____________提能二讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)微技能—?jiǎng)幼髅鑼?xiě)之mouth動(dòng)“嘴”日積月累“嘴”詞匯open-mouthed目瞪口呆的，one'smouthwiden咧開(kāi)嘴，cup/coverone'smouth捂住某人的嘴，mouthdrop/hangwideopen張大嘴巴，one'sheartinone'smouth心驚膽戰(zhàn)1.按要求用表“動(dòng)嘴”的表達(dá)補(bǔ)全以下各句①聞到三明治的香味，饑餓的小女孩起先流口水了。__________________________.(mouth作主語(yǔ))②她剛要拿起三明治咬一口，突然一只手捂住了她的嘴。____________________________.(mouth作賓語(yǔ))③她的哥哥一把搶走了她的三明治放入自己口中。______________________________．④她抬起頭，目瞪口呆地看著他。________________________________________.(合成詞)⑤三明治沒(méi)了，當(dāng)淚水順著臉頰流下來(lái)時(shí)，她咬住她的下嘴唇以免嘴唇顫抖。______________________________．⑥他捂住嘴偷笑。__________________________．2．將以上各句合并成小短文并背誦成文，留意運(yùn)用合適的連接過(guò)渡詞匯________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________UNIT4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGE過(guò)基礎(chǔ)晨讀晚練(一)分類(lèi)識(shí)記單詞識(shí)記單詞寫(xiě)對(duì)Ⅰ.知其意1．逆境；逆境2.探險(xiǎn)；遠(yuǎn)征；探險(xiǎn)隊(duì)3.精力；力氣；活力4.櫥柜；壁櫥；衣柜5．(輪船、飛機(jī)或火車(chē)上的)乘務(wù)員；服務(wù)員6.爐具；廚房灶具7.苦痛的；令人難過(guò)的8.溫馨的；舒適的9.(狗)吠叫；吠叫聲10.橄欖球運(yùn)動(dòng)11.球拍；蝙蝠用球板擊球；揮打；拍打12.侄子；外甥13.公司的；法人的；社團(tuán)的14.發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)；馬達(dá)有引擎的；機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)的Ⅱ.寫(xiě)其形1．wage2.aboard3.blanket4．belongings5.voyage6.navy7．good/bad-tempered8.genuine9．crew10.thorough11.recreation12.rough13.motive14.candidate15.damp核心單詞練通1．loyal2.envy3.furniture4.Bitter5．guidance6.sinks拓展單詞用活Ⅰ.記全記牢1．qualifiedqualification2.endurance3．enthusiasticallyenthusiasm4.assignment5．a(chǎn)bandoned6.selfishlyselfishness7.perseverance8.resolution9.unfortunateunfortunately10.advertisingadvertisement11．cruelty12mitmentⅡ.用準(zhǔn)用活1．enthusiasticenthusiasmenthusiastically2．Fortunatelyfortune3．mitment4．qualificationsqualified5．①wasadvertised②advertising③advertisement6．a(chǎn)bandonedabandoning7．endurance8.assignment(二)語(yǔ)境記憶短語(yǔ)Ⅰ.記全記牢1．turnsb.down2.makefire3.giveoff4.keepone'sspiritsup5.cheersb.up6.beboredwith...7.paidsb.back8.be/becomestuckin9.beenthusiasticabout...10.holdonⅡ.用準(zhǔn)用活1．wasenthusiasticabout2.wasstuckin3.turneddown4.cheerup5．madefire(三)仿寫(xiě)用活句式1．Itsohappenedthat2．Ifitweren'tfortheInternet3．keepyourselfenergetic過(guò)重難解惑釋疑1．①about②enthusiasm③enthusiastically/withenthusiasm2．①withbroadshouldersworeabroadsmile②boardingtheplane③Learningthatyouwillgoabroadforfurtherstudy3．①isenvied②with③Iamgreenwith