牛津譯林版九年級(jí)英語上冊(cè)單元速記•巧練Unit4【速記清單】(原卷版+解析)

Unit4GrowingupUnit4核心話題“成長與感恩”重點(diǎn)詞匯time,whenever,through,deal,score,stand,leader,name,university,simply,nationalchampionship,succeed,scholarship,career,against,record,symbol,victory,spiritGerman,thought,survive,admire,courage,unusual,cancer15.surprise,research,death重點(diǎn)短語1.onone'smind2.finishbuilding3.assoonas4.learnabouttheworldfrombooks5.throughtheInternet6.agreatdealofinformation7.peopleindifferenttimesandplaces8.allowme(not)todo9.theshortestplayer10.tryoutfor...11.loseheart.12.decidetodosth13.betranslatedinto14.arecordofthattime15.dieof重點(diǎn)句型1.You'vebeenhappysinceIfirstmetyou.2.IcanreadthemwheneverIwantto.3.Assoonasyouclickthemouse,there'sagreatdealofinformation.4.Don'twakemeupuntilyoufinishbuildingit.5.It'sapitythattheycouldn'tenjoyahappylifejustaswedo.6.Althoughweliveinpeace,somechildreninotherpartsoftheworldstillliveinfearoftheirlives.7.HegaveourTVtoafamilywhocouldnotaffordone.8.Wheneverhehassomemoneyleft,hegivesittosomeoneinneed.9.Hecaresforthechildrenwhohavelosttheirparents.語法狀語從句寫作介紹對(duì)自己有影響的人物或者是想要感激的人考點(diǎn)1onone’smind“掛在心上；煩惱。”[教材原句]What’sonyourmind,Eddie?【精講】短語onone’smind意思是“（有事）掛在心上；煩惱。”e.g.Don’tbotherhim.He’sgotalotonhismind.別打擾他了。他煩心事夠多了?！就卣埂縨ind固定搭配onone’smind掛在心上，惦念changeone’smind改變主意makeupone’smind做出決定keep...inmind將.....記在心上inone’smind在某人腦海里outofone’smind忘了【經(jīng)典練】1.Couldyoutellme?A.what’sonyourmind B.wheredoesheliveC.whatyourmindwason D.wherehelivedin【寫作佳句】Hemakesuphismindtoimprovehismath.他下決心提高他的數(shù)學(xué)?？键c(diǎn)2What’sup?=What’swrong?怎么了？【精講】寒暄語“最近怎么樣？”類似的表達(dá)”Howareyoudoing?”你看起來很沮喪，怎么了？我的手機(jī)丟了（翻譯句子）【經(jīng)典練】—Youlookdown.________________?—Mymobilephoneismissing.【答案】What’sup?/What’swrong?/What’sthematter?/Whathappened?考點(diǎn)3one[教材原句]Buildanotheroneforyourself.【精講】代詞one,it和that的辨析：1)that指前文所提過的同類事物,一般用于比較句中，e.g.TheweatherinBeijingisdifferentfromthatinShanghai.2）it指前文所提到的同一個(gè)事物，e.g.Ihadanicepen,butIlostit.3）one指的是前文所提到的同類事物中的一個(gè)，同類而不同一，e.g.Ihadanicepen,butIlostityesterday.SoIboughtanewonethismorning.【拓展】1.習(xí)語oneafteranother意為“一個(gè)接一個(gè)地”“相繼地”“依次地”，在句中主要用作狀語。Planestookoffoneafteranother.飛機(jī)陸續(xù)起飛。Oneafteranotherallhisplanshavefailed.他的計(jì)劃都一一失敗了。2.anotherone與theotherone區(qū)別Givemeanother(one).另外給我一個(gè)。（表泛指）Givemetheother(one).給我另外那個(gè)。（表特指）【經(jīng)典練】Thispairofbinoculars________old.Pleasebuyme________,Mum.A.is；anotherone B.are；anotherpair C.is；anotherpair D.are；anotherone【寫作佳句】（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Promisesareeasilymade,butnoteasilykept.Onceyoumakeone,besuretokeepit.承諾容易許下，遵守卻不容易。一旦你做出了決定，一定要守諾。考點(diǎn)4not...until直到......才......[教材原句]Don’twakemeupuntilyoufinishbuildingit.【精講】1)not...until直到......才......e.g.Iwon’tgotobeduntilIfinishmyhomework.e.g.Hedidn’thavelunchuntilhismothercameback.2)wakesb.up叫醒某人，人稱代詞放中間；形容詞awake醒著的3)finishdoingsth.結(jié)束做某事finishdoingmyhomework完成我的作業(yè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)5、There’sagreatdealofinformation.有大量的信息。agreatdealof意為“許多、大量”，用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞拓展：plentyof修飾可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞alotof/lotsof修飾可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞anumberof/numbersof修飾可數(shù)名詞【拓展】dealv.處理，應(yīng)付dealwith對(duì)付，應(yīng)付，處理【經(jīng)典練】1．（2022·西藏·統(tǒng)考中考真題）GuAilingworked________hard________shegotexcellentachievementsattheBeijing2022WinterOlympicGames.A．notonly…butalso B．such...that C．not...until D．so…that2.Ineed_____money.Wouldyoupleaselendme______?A.agreatdeal,some B.agreatdealof,someC.agreatdeal,any D.agreatdealof,any【寫作佳句】Thepolicemanaskedthechildnottocrossthestreetuntilthetrafficlightsturnedgreen.警察讓這個(gè)小孩等到交通燈變綠才可以過馬路?？键c(diǎn)5much+比較級(jí)[教材原句]Hewasverysmall—muchsmallerthantheotherkidsatschool.【精講】比較級(jí)前可以加much,alittle,quite,even等副詞表示程度或加強(qiáng)比較。e.g.Shanghaiismuchbiggerthanmyhometown.上海比我的家鄉(xiāng)大多了?！窘?jīng)典練】1．—IsTedasheavyasJack?

—No,Tedis________thanJack.A．muchheavier B．moreheavy C．muchmoreheavy D．moreheavier【寫作佳句】（2023·遼寧丹東·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Jimcancarrytheheavyboxbecauseheismuchstrongerthantheothersinhisclass.吉姆能搬動(dòng)這個(gè)重箱子，因?yàn)樗劝嗌掀渌藦?qiáng)壯得多?？键c(diǎn)6attend參加[教材原句]Whileattendingjuniorhigh,Spudtriedoutfortheschoolteam.【精講】(1)attendjuniorhigh上初中(2)tryoutforsth.參加……選拔e.g.Whydon’tyoutryoutfortheschoolbasketballteam?你為何不參加學(xué)?；@球選拔賽呢？【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·河北衡水·統(tǒng)考二模）LindaandDavearebusypracticingrunningthesedays.Theythesportsmeeting.A．haveattended B．a(chǎn)ttend C．willattend D．wereattending【寫作佳句】（2022·黑龍江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）HehaslearnedChinesebyhimselfsincehehasattendedcollege.自從上大學(xué)以來，他就自學(xué)中文?？键c(diǎn)6loseheart泄氣，灰心[教材原句]Hedidnotloseheart.【精講】loseheart泄氣，灰心e.g.Whenyoufail,youshouldneverloseheart.當(dāng)你失敗時(shí)，不應(yīng)該喪失信心?！就卣埂縧oseface丟臉，丟面子loseinterestin對(duì)......失去興趣loseone’sjob失業(yè)loseone’sway迷路【經(jīng)典練】1．（2018·甘肅天水·統(tǒng)考中考真題）----________!Hopeisalwaysaroundyou.----.Thankyou,MissLiu.A．Don’tthankgoodness B．Don’tbelazyC．Neverloseheart D．Neverbeconfident【寫作佳句】（2023·河北唐山·統(tǒng)考二模）Don’tloseyourheart.Ifyoukeepworkinghard,youwillsucceedsomeday.不要灰心。如果你繼續(xù)努力，總有一天你會(huì)成功的?？键c(diǎn)7changeone’smind改變主意[教材原句]Hepractisedevenharderandgotthecoachtochangehismind.【精講】changeone’smind改變主意e.g.Nothingwillmakemechangemymind.什么都不能讓我改變主意?！就卣埂縨ind作為動(dòng)詞用法mind

v.對(duì)（某事）煩惱，苦惱，焦慮；介意Idon'tmindthecold—it'stherainIdon'tlike.

冷我不在乎，我是討厭下雨。Ihopeyoudon'tmindthenoise.

希望你不介意這聲音。

DoyoumindifIopenthewindow?

我開開窗戶好嗎？

minddoingsth介意做某事Didshemindnotgettingthejob?

她沒得到這份工作是不是很介意？

Doyourparentsmindyourleavinghome?

你父母舍得你離開家嗎？

notminddoingsth=

tobewillingtodosth

愿意做；樂意做Idon'tmindhelpingifyoucan'tfindanyoneelse.

如果你找不到別人，我樂意幫忙。

【經(jīng)典練】1.Nomatterhowtimeschange,________spiritofLeiFengwillneverbeoutdated.A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the【寫作佳句】—Iheardyouchangedyourmindthelastminute.我聽說你最后一刻改變主意了?！窳峙空f的話起了作用。考點(diǎn)8succeed[教材原句]Asaresult,hesucceededingettingascholarship.【精講】句中的succeed是不及物動(dòng)詞，短語succeedindoingsomething意思是“在……達(dá)到目的，實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)”。e.g.Hesucceededingettingaplaceatartschool.他被美術(shù)學(xué)校錄取了?！就卣埂縮uccess

n.成功；勝利；發(fā)財(cái)；成名What'sthesecretofyoursuccess?

你成功的秘訣是什么？

Ididn't

havemuchsuccessin

findingajob.

我找工作沒什么結(jié)果。successful

adj.

達(dá)到目的；有成效的；成功的Theyweresuccessfulinwinningthecontract.

他們終于爭(zhēng)取到了那份合同。

Iwasn'tverysuccessfulatkeepingthenewssecret.

我沒能把這條消息嚴(yán)格保密。

successfully

adv.成功地Hepassedthetestsuccessfully.他成功地通過了測(cè)驗(yàn)?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2023·黑龍江綏化·?？寄M預(yù)測(cè)）I’mnotsureifyou________intheexam,butyou’llgetbettergradesifyou________harder.A．willsucceed,study B．willsuccessfully,study C．succeed,willwork【寫作佳句】You’llsucceedunlessyougiveuphalfway.除非你半途而廢，否則你會(huì)成功的?？键c(diǎn)9althoughconj.盡管，雖然[教材原句]Althoughhewasagreatplayeratuniversity…【精講】althoughconj.盡管，雖然e.g.Althoughthesunwasshining,itwasn’tverymuch.盡管太陽高照，卻不是很暖和?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Althoughitwasdifficulttoclimbsuchahighmountain,wefinally________.A．gotit B．foundit C．solvedit D．madeit【寫作佳句】（2023·黑龍江牡丹江·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Althoughourschoollifeisalittlebusy,itisfulloflaughter.雖然我們的學(xué)校生活有點(diǎn)繁忙，但充滿了笑聲?？键c(diǎn)10forcevt.強(qiáng)迫，迫使[教材原句]Afterhegraduated,hewasforcedtoplayinanotherbasketballleague.【精講】forcevt.強(qiáng)迫，迫使forcesb.todosth.強(qiáng)迫某人做某事e.g.Don’tforcethechildtoplaythepiano.不要強(qiáng)迫這個(gè)孩子學(xué)習(xí)彈鋼琴。Theywereforcedtoleavetheirhometown.他們被迫離開了家鄉(xiāng)?！窘?jīng)典練】1．（2021秋·江蘇宿遷·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期中）MygrandpausedtobuildrailwayfortheUSA．Hewas________toworkhardfrommorningtillnight.A．encouraged B．invited C．forced D．a(chǎn)llowed【寫作佳句】（2023·遼寧營口·中考真題）Inordernottomisstheearliestflight,mysisterforcedherselftogetupearlythismorning.為了不錯(cuò)過最早的航班，今天早晨我妹妹強(qiáng)迫自己早起?？键c(diǎn)11remain逗留[教材原句]HeremainedthereforaboutayearbeforetheNBAtooknoticeofhim.【精講】(1)remain=stay逗留vi.e.g.WewillremaininShanghaifortendays.我們要在上海逗留10天。(2)remain=keep保持remain+adj./doinge.g.Don’tremainstandingthere.不要一直站在那。(3)takenoticeof注意，察覺e.g.Don’ttakeanynoticeofwhatyoureadinthepapers.別在意你在報(bào)上看到的東西?！窘?jīng)典練】16．（2018·江蘇南通·中考真題）Topeople’sgreatsurprise，theoldbuildingstillafterthestrongearthquake．A．refused B．remained C．required D．reviewed【寫作佳句】Ican'tstopsingingit.Itsmelody(旋律）remainsinmymindallthetime.我不停地唱。它的旋律一直留在我的腦海里?？键c(diǎn)12matter“要緊，有重大影響”[教材原句]Throughhardwork,SpudWebbprovedthatsizeandbodytypedoesnotmatter—youcandoalmostanythingifyounevergiveup.【精講】句中的matter用作動(dòng)詞，意思是“要緊，有重大影響”。e.g.Thejobmattersmoretohimthananythingelse.對(duì)他來說，這份工作比其他什么都重要?！窘?jīng)典練】1．Wearesuretorealizeourgoals________wekeeptryingandnevergiveup.A．sothat B．eventhough C．a(chǎn)slongas D．nomatterhow【寫作佳句】Nomatterwhenyoumeetdifficulties,youshouldn’tgiveup.句意：無論什么時(shí)候遇到困難，你都不應(yīng)該放棄?？键c(diǎn)13breakout意為“（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)）”突然爆發(fā)、突然發(fā)生[教材原句]WorldWarIIbrokeoutinEuropeom1939andendedin1945.【精講】breakout意為“（戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)、火災(zāi)）”突然爆發(fā)、突然發(fā)生。例如：HewasstilllivinginLondonwhenthewarbrokeout.Doeseveryoneknowwhattodoifafirebreaksout.【拓展】break常的其它短語breakdown停止運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)、出故障breakoff中斷、停止、折斷breakinto強(qiáng)行闖入breakin打斷（某人的話）【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·江蘇鎮(zhèn)江·統(tǒng)考二模）Everybodyshouldtakeactiontopreventthediseasefrom________.A．breakingout B．puttingout C．handingout D．turningout【寫作佳句】（2023·江蘇常州·統(tǒng)考二模）Ihopethediseasewillnotbreakoutanymore.我希望這種疾病不要再爆發(fā)了。考點(diǎn)14named“被稱為、被叫作”[教材原句]TheDiaryofaYoungGirlwaswrittenbyagirlnamedAnneFrank.【精講】named此處為動(dòng)詞的過去分詞作定語，意為“被稱為、被叫作”，與called同義。例如：Thisisabooknamed/calledJourneytotheWest.TheGreenshaveadaughternamed/calledKate.【經(jīng)典練】1．（2021·貴州貴陽·統(tǒng)考中考真題）ThemovienamedALittleRedFlowershows_________lovefortheirchildren.A．parents B．parent’s C．parents’考點(diǎn)15record記錄[教材原句]Itwasarecordofthattime,andithasalsobecomeasymbolofthevictoryofthehumanspirit.【精講】=1\*GB3①record此處用作可數(shù)名詞，意為“記錄”，常用在短語keeparecordof中。Keeparecordofeverythingyouspend.=2\*GB3②symbol此處為可數(shù)名詞，意為“象征”，asymbolof意為“……的象征、……的標(biāo)志”。[來源:學(xué)&科&網(wǎng)]例如：TheGreatWallisthesymbolofChina.Thelioninthesymbolofcourage.【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·江蘇淮安·統(tǒng)考一模）Inhisfreetime,helikestravelingaround,________hisdiscoveriesonthephone.A．recording B．torecord C．recorded D．records【寫作佳句】Icouldn’tbuytherecorderbecauseIhadnomoneywithmethen.那時(shí)我買不了錄音機(jī)，因?yàn)槲疑砩蠜]有錢?？键c(diǎn)16dieof意為“死于”[教材原句]Anneandhereldersisterdiedofillness.【精講】=1\*GB3①dieof/from意為“死于”，of表示內(nèi)因，from表示外因。例如：Theoldmandiedoflungcancer.Theworkerdiedofillness.Alotofpeoplediedfromtheearthquake.Thatsoldierdiedfromthecrash.=2\*GB3②illness是名詞，意為“疾病、身體不適”。例如：Somechildrenareawayfromschoolbecauseofillness.Hediedafteralongillness.【經(jīng)典練】1.Millionsofpeople________cancerfromallovertheworldeveryyearandmoreandmorepeople_______caraccidentsbecauseoftheheavytraffic.A.diefrom;dieof B.dieout;diefrom C.dieof;diefrom D.dieupon;dieof2．（2022秋·江蘇揚(yáng)州·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）—AudreyHepburn________cancer.—Soshedid.Weallfeltverysadaboutthelossofagreatactress.A．dieof B．diedfrom C．diedof D．deadfrom【寫作佳句】（2022秋·遼寧營口·九年級(jí)統(tǒng)考期末）It’sreportedthatmanychildrenfromAfricadieofhungereveryyear.據(jù)報(bào)道，每年有許多非洲兒童死于饑餓?？键c(diǎn)17havesth.done意為“使某事被做”[教材原句]herfatherhadherdiarypublished.【精講】havesth.done意為“使某事被做”，過去分詞表示被動(dòng)，和have的賓語構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系。例如：Whenareyougoingtohaveyourhaircut?Imusthavemycarrepaired.【經(jīng)典練】1.—Whenareyougoingtohaveyourwatch_________?—IamgoingtohaveMs.Li_________mywatchthisweekend.A．fixed;fix B．fixed;fixed C．fixing;tofix D．tofix;fixed考點(diǎn)18keep[教材原句]Duringthatdifficulttime,AnnekeptwritinginherdiaryuntiltheywerediscoveredbytheNazisinAugust1944.【精講】keep(on)doingsth.意為“一直不斷做某事”。例如：Thechildrenkeptaskingmequestions.Shekeptonworkingalthoughshewastired.【拓展】keep的其它用法keepsb.doingsth.讓某人一直做某事IamsorrythatIhavekeptyouwaitingforsolong.keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事Noonecankeeptheoldmanfromsmoking.【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·江蘇南通·統(tǒng)考中考真題）________healthy,we’vegotusedtowashinghandsbeforemealsandusingpublicchopsticks.A．Keeping B．Keep C．Tokeep D．Tokeeping【寫作佳句】（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·統(tǒng)考中考真題）Inordertokeepourenvironmentcleanandtidy,wemustthrowrubbishintothebins(垃圾箱).為了保持我們的環(huán)境干凈整潔，我們必須把垃圾扔進(jìn)垃圾箱。考點(diǎn)19getaway(from)意為“逃脫、離開”[教材原句]I’vejustfinishedthebookIAmDavid,astoryabouta12-year-oldboyandhisjourneytoCopenhagenafterhegotawayfromaNazicamp.【精講】=1\*GB3①12-year-old是一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞，在句中通常作定語，中間的名詞用單數(shù)形式。例如：Sheisaneight-year-oldgirl.LiBoisa10-year-oldboy.=2\*GB3②getaway(from)意為“逃脫、離開”。例如：Icaughtareallybigfishbutitgotaway.Thethievesgotawayfromtheshopwithourmoney.【經(jīng)典練】1．TofightSARS,weshould_______animals.A．carefor B．fightagainst C．getawayfrom【寫作佳句】Shefelttired.Shedecidedtogetawayfromcitiesandgobacktonature.她感覺累了，她決定遠(yuǎn)離城市回到大自然?？键c(diǎn)20inpeace意為“平靜地、安靜地”[教材原句]Althoughweliveinpeace,somechildreninotherpartsoftheworldstillliveinfearoftheirlives.【精講】=1\*GB3①inpeace意為“平靜地、安靜地”。例如：Hediedinpeace.Letusforgiveeachother;onlythenwillweliveinpeace.=2\*GB3②infearof意為“擔(dān)憂、害怕”。Manypeopleintheworldarelivinginfearoftheirlives.【經(jīng)典練】1．Ithinkweallneedtohelpanimalslive__________.A．intime B．indanger C．inpeace D．introuble【寫作佳句】（2020·天津紅橋·統(tǒng)考一模）Manywildanimalsdon'thaveasafeplacetolive.Ithinkweallneedtohelpanimalsliveinpeace.許多野生動(dòng)物都沒有安全的居住地。我認(rèn)為我們所有人都應(yīng)該幫助動(dòng)物生活在和平中?？键c(diǎn)21describe“描述”[教材原句]Inthisbook,Anne,aJewishgirl,describesherboredomwithbeingawayfromtheoutsideworld,heunhappinesswithlivinginasmallplaceallyear,andherfearofdiscoveryanddeath.【精講】=1\*GB3①describe此處是及物動(dòng)詞，表示“描述”，名詞形式為description。例如：Pleasedescribethebookyouarereading.Wordscannotdescribeherbeauty.=2\*GB3②death為不可數(shù)名詞，意為“死亡”，動(dòng)詞是die，形容詞是dead。Thesuddendeathofhismothermadehimverysad.【經(jīng)典練】1.—Couldyou________yournewpettome,Jeff?—Sure.Itisablackcatandhasbigeyes.A．sell B．leave C．save D．describe【寫作佳句】Peopleweremovedbyhisexperienceanddescribedhimashaving“aheartofgold”.人們被他的經(jīng)歷所感動(dòng)，形容他有一顆“金子般的心”?？键c(diǎn)22Myfatherisinhisfifties.【精講】年代用定冠詞the+基數(shù)詞表示的世紀(jì)與十位整數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成:Eg:inthe1990s(其中19表示的是世紀(jì),90s是年代)=inthenineteennineties=intheninetiesofthetwentiethcentury在二十世紀(jì)九十年代(注意兩種表達(dá)方式的不同之處)intheearly/late1990s在二十世紀(jì)早/晚期inthenineties在九十年代注意:in1990(無冠詞、無復(fù)數(shù))在1990年★數(shù)字復(fù)數(shù)還可以表示人的年齡:inone's+整十的復(fù)數(shù)Eg.inhertwenties(注意必須用one's,而不是the)inmyearlyforties在我四十出頭考點(diǎn)23usualad通常的,平常的[教材原句]Youwillnotfindanythingunusualabouthimuntilyoulearnmore.【精講】①usualad通常的,平常的asusual/ausualway/anunusualplant②unusualadj.不尋常的somethingunusual不尋常的事③usuallyadv.通常,經(jīng)常④構(gòu)詞法:在部分形容詞前加un-;dis-;im-;in-;ir-等前綴,構(gòu)成對(duì)應(yīng)的反義詞●un-:unable,unhappy,unimportant等●dis-:dishonest●im-;impossible,impolite,impatient等●in-;incorrect●ir-;irregular【經(jīng)典練】1．（2023·湖北武漢·統(tǒng)考模擬預(yù)測(cè)）—Whathappenedtohimthen?—Hegotonthebusandsatonhis________seatagain.A．common B．usual C．strange D．normal【寫作佳句】（2023·黑龍江哈爾濱·?？级＃￤eChineseusuallyputthingsontheplatewhilepeopleinFrancearesupposedtoputbreadonthetable.我們中國人通常把東西放在盤子里，而法國人應(yīng)該把面包放在桌子上?？键c(diǎn)24surprise驚奇[教材原句]Tomysurprise,hehasdecidedtodonatehisbodyformedicalresearchafterhisdeath.【精講】①surprise驚奇Eg.toone'ssurprise令某人驚訝的是令人驚訝的事Eg.Whatabigsurprise!②surprisevt.使驚奇,使措手不及Eg.surprisehimalot使他大為驚訝Sth.surprisesb.Eg.Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatshefailedtheexam.③surprisedadj.吃驚的,驚訝的looksurprised看起來吃驚的樣子(側(cè)重人的感受)asurprisedlookSb.besurprisedatsth.besurprisedtodosth.④surprisingadj.令人吃驚的Eg.asurprisingending一個(gè)意想不到的結(jié)局(側(cè)重說明事物)⑤researchun.研究;調(diào)查Eg.medicalresearch醫(yī)學(xué)研究doresearchon對(duì)……進(jìn)行研究(多指科學(xué)研究)survey問卷或問題的形式進(jìn)行調(diào)查【經(jīng)典練】.Muchtoour_________,Samwasn’t_________atthe_________news.A.surprise;surprised;surpriseB.surprise;surprised;surprisingC.surprised;surprising;surprisedD.surprising;surprised;surprise2．Tomy________,hewasn’tsadwhenhelostoneofhisarmsinthecaraccident.A．surprise B．surprised C．surprising D．surprises【寫作佳句】（2023·黑龍江綏化·模擬預(yù)測(cè)）Givemeachance,andI’llbringyouasurprise.給我一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，我會(huì)給你一個(gè)驚喜。一．語法精講——并列連詞一、狀語從句(I)【精講】引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句的連詞有：while,when,as,assoonas,till,until,not…until,before,after,since,whenever,etc.時(shí)間狀語從句連詞例句說明whenWhenIcameintotheroom,hewaswritingaletter.當(dāng)我進(jìn)屋時(shí)，他正在寫信。when指的是“某一具體的時(shí)間”。while①Whileitwasraining,theywentout.正當(dāng)天下雨的時(shí)候，他們出去了。②Istayedwhilehewasaway.他不在的時(shí)候而我在。(然而)③Allofusareworkinghardwhileheissleeping.(然而，并列連詞)①while指“在某一段時(shí)間里”，“在┉期間”，有時(shí)表示主從句的輕微轉(zhuǎn)折，譯為：“然而”②while引導(dǎo)的動(dòng)作必須是持續(xù)性的。as①Hehurriedhome,lookingbehindashewent.他趕快回家，一邊走一邊向后看。②Astimegoesby,IlikeChinabetter.隨著時(shí)間的流逝，我越來越喜歡中國。①as（譯為“一邊……一邊”）引導(dǎo)持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)主句和從句的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生；②as譯為“隨著……”before①IfinishedmytaskbeforeIwenthome.我做完作業(yè)才回家。②Beapupilbeforeyoubecomeateacher.先做學(xué)生，再做先生。在….以前afterHearrivedafterthegamestarted.比賽開始后，他到了。after“在┉之后”tilluntil①Wewaitedtill(until)hecameback.我們一直等到他回來。②Shedidn’tstopworkinguntileleveno’clock.她直到11點(diǎn)鐘才停止工作。③Untilhehadpassedoutofsight,shestoodthere.她站在那里看著，直到看不見他的身影。=1\*GB3①如主句動(dòng)詞是持續(xù)性動(dòng)作，常用肯定式，表示“直到……為止”；=2\*GB3②not…until…表示“直到…才…”“在…以前不…”。主句通常用瞬間動(dòng)詞。這時(shí)until可用before替換?！纠縃edidn’tleaveuntil/beforeIcameback.有時(shí)可用never,nothing代替not.③如果從句放在句首表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，一般用until,不用till.sinceGreatchangeshavetakenplaceinChinasince1978.自從1978年以來中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。主句動(dòng)詞為持續(xù)性的，從句動(dòng)詞為瞬間的。①如果狀語從句在主句之前時(shí)一般用逗號(hào)與主句分開；②如果從句在主句之后則不必用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)。assoonas=1\*GB3①AssoonasIarriveinShanghai,I’llwritetoyou.我一到上海就給你寫信。②MybrotherwentoutassoonasIgothome.③I'llphoneyouassoonasIarriveinTonghua.assoonas表示主句發(fā)生的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句動(dòng)作之后，意為“一…就…”。如果主句是一般將來時(shí)，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞加動(dòng)詞原形或祈使句時(shí)，時(shí)間狀語從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。當(dāng)主句是一般過去時(shí)，從句一般也用一般過去時(shí)，簡(jiǎn)言之：主將從現(xiàn)；主過從過Whenever=1\*GB3①Wheneverheseesthebook,hewillthinkofthegoodmemory.無論何時(shí)，他看到那本書，他都會(huì)想起美好的記憶。whenever=nomatterwhen無論何時(shí)二、單元話題寫作一、話題分析本單元的話題是“成長與感恩”，要求學(xué)生能簡(jiǎn)單介紹在自己成長過程中對(duì)自己有影響的人物或者是想要感激的人，本單元寫作要求同學(xué)們能根據(jù)相關(guān)信息提示簡(jiǎn)單地介紹對(duì)自己有影響的人物或者是想要感激的人。內(nèi)容包括人物的身份、職業(yè)、具體事例等。在具體的寫作中，學(xué)生應(yīng)做到以下幾點(diǎn)：1.能用時(shí)間狀語從句組織內(nèi)容；2.能用正確的時(shí)態(tài)介紹人物的事例；3.能正確使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)；4.能正確書寫英語句子。二、寫作步驟步驟一：確定人物及事例介紹的內(nèi)容和順序。步驟二：列舉豐富的句型，多多益善。步驟三：成段成篇，修改完善。三、詞匯積累知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1.掛在心上=onone’smind2.成長=growup3.喊醒某人=.wakesbup4.大量信息=agreatdealofinformation5.參加…的選拔=tryoutfor6.拒絕做某事=refusetodosth7.失去信心=loseheart8.從那時(shí)起=fromthenon9.becauseof+doingsth=因?yàn)椤?10.練習(xí)做某事=practisedoingsth.11.讓某人做某事=getsbtodosth12.讓某人驚訝的是=toone’ssurprise13.有一顆充滿愛的心=haveaheartfulloflove14.繼續(xù)去某事=goontodosth15.多于=morethan=over16.被命名=benamed17.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事=invitesbtodosth18.決定做某事=decidetodosth=makeadecisiontodosth19.導(dǎo)致=leadto20.結(jié)果=asaresult21.被迫做某事=beforcedtodosth22.注意=takenoticeof23.他最驕傲的那一刻是在1998年=hisproudestmomentcamein1998.24.足夠做某事=beenoughtodosth25.為生命安全擔(dān)憂=infearofone’slife26.改變某人的主意=changeone’smind27.爆發(fā)=breakout拋錨，精神崩潰=breakdown闖入=breakinto中斷=breakoff分開，裂開=breakup28.令某人吃驚是=toone’ssurprise29.遠(yuǎn)離=getawayfrom30.躲藏起來=gointohiding31.dieof=死于(內(nèi)因)；diefrom=死于（外因)32.在某人多少歲時(shí)=in+one’s+年齡復(fù)數(shù)33.樂意做某事=bereadytodosth=bewillingtodosth34.關(guān)心=carefor35.需要中=inneed四、句型積累...isinone'stwenties/thirties/forties....Youwillnotfind...until......hasalwaysbeen....Whenever,.......since....Tomysurprise,...hasdecidedto....WhenI...,I....NowIrealizethat....例文：升入中學(xué)已經(jīng)兩年多了，回顧過去的兩年，你對(duì)誰最感激（grateful）呢?請(qǐng)你以Thankyou，×××為題，寫一篇80詞左右的短文.短文必須圍繞以下提示展開：1）Whoistheperson?2）Whathashe/shedoneforyou?Pleasegiveoneortwoexamples.3）Whathaveyoulearntfromhim/her?Thankyou,_______________Dear,_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Unit4Growingup一．重點(diǎn)詞組賞析1 掛在心上；惦記 onone’smind2 在不同時(shí)期和地方indifferenttimesandplaces3 一……就……assoonas...4 大量，許多 agreatdeal(of+不可數(shù)n.)5 參加……選拔(或試演) tryoutforsth.6 泄氣，灰心 loseheart7 拒絕做某事 refusetodosth.8 有/沒有做某事的機(jī)會(huì) geta/the/nochancetodosth.9 從那以后/從現(xiàn)在起fromthenon/fromnowon10 使某人做某事getsb.todosth.11 改變主意changeone’smind12 身高170厘米170cmtall/170cminheight13 讓某人引起……的注意bringsb.totheattentionof...14 成功地做某事succeedindoingsth.15 注意，覺察……takenoticeof...16 從……畢業(yè)graduatefrom...17 強(qiáng)迫某人做某事forcesb.todosth.18 對(duì)……認(rèn)真嚴(yán)肅become/beseriousabout...19 爆發(fā)（無被動(dòng)）breakout20 失去生命，喪生loseone’slife21 把……翻譯成……translate...into...22 那個(gè)時(shí)代的記錄arecordofthattime23 人類精神勝利的象征asymbolofthevictoryofthehumanspirit24 躲藏gointohiding25 死于dieof/from26 使某事被做 havesth.done27 從戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)/地震中幸存survivethewar/theearthquake28 欽佩某事物/因某事物而欽佩某人admiresth./admiresb.forsth.29 為生命安全擔(dān)憂infearofone’slife30 與……有關(guān)relateto...31 ……的狀態(tài)thestateof...32 暢銷(無被動(dòng)）sellwell33 在某人五十多歲inone’sfifties34 令某人驚奇的是toone’ssurprise35 照顧，照料；喜歡，想要carefor二、重點(diǎn)句型賞析怎么了？自從我第一次遇見你，你一直都快樂。What’sup?You’vebeenhappysinceIfirstmetyou.直到你建完（房子）再叫醒我。Don’twakemeupuntilyoufinishbuildingit.只要我想，我無論何時(shí)都可以閱讀它們（書籍）。IcanreadthemwheneverIwantto.一旦點(diǎn)擊鼠標(biāo)，就有大量心血。Assoonasyouclickthemouse,there’sagreatdealofinformation.上初中的時(shí)候，斯巴德去參加校（籃球）隊(duì)選拔，但是因?yàn)樗菪。鸪醣痪芙^了。Whileattendingjuniorhigh,Spudtriedoutfortheschoolteam,buthewasrefusedtoplayatfirstbecausehewastoosmall.他練習(xí)得甚至更努力了并讓教練改變了主意。Hepractisedevenharderandgotthecoachtochangehismind.但是，沒有大學(xué)會(huì)邀請(qǐng)他去打籃球，僅僅因?yàn)樗挥?70厘米高。However,nouniversitywouldinvitehimtoplaybasketballsimplybecausehewasonly170cmtall.在那兒他帶領(lǐng)他的隊(duì)進(jìn)入了全國錦標(biāo)賽。Thereheledhisteamtothenationalchampionship.畢業(yè)后，他被迫在另一個(gè)籃球聯(lián)盟打球。Aftergraduated,hewasforcedtoplayinanotherbasketballleague.1985年，他加入亞特蘭大老鷹隊(duì)，成為當(dāng)時(shí)NBA最矮的球員。In1985,hejoinedtheAtalantaHawksandbecametheshortestplayerintheNBAatthattime.通過努力，斯巴德·韋伯證明高矮胖瘦真的不重要——只要你永不放棄，幾乎沒有做不到的。Throughhardwork,SpudWebbprovedthatsizeandbodytypereallydoesnotmatter——youcandoalmostanythingifyounevergiveup.1939年二戰(zhàn)在歐洲爆發(fā)，到1942年結(jié)束。WorldWar=2\*ROMANIIbrokeoutinEuropein1939andendedin1942.戰(zhàn)后，他父親收集了她的日記，1947年將之發(fā)表。Afterthewar,herfathercollectedherdiaryandhaditpublishedin1947.在日記中，她寫下了她的想法，她的感情，以及她對(duì)未來的希望和夢(mèng)想。Inherdiary,Annewrotedownherthoughts,herfeelings,herhopesandherdreamsforthefuture.15.然而，可惜他們無法像我們一樣享受快樂的生活。However,it’sapitythattheycouldn’tenjoyahappylifejustaswedo.16.雖然我們生活在和平環(huán)境，世界其他地方的一些孩子仍然為生命安全而擔(dān)憂。Althoughweliveinpeace,somechildreninotherpartsoftheworldstillliveinfearoftheirlives.17.他照料那些無父無母的孩子。Hecaresforthechildrenwhohavelosttheirparents.18.讓我驚訝的是，他決定在死后為醫(yī)療研究捐贈(zèng)自己的遺體。Tomysurprise,hehasdecidedtodonatehisbodyformedicalresearchafterhisdeath.19.現(xiàn)在我意識(shí)到他充滿了愛心。NowIrealizethathehasaheartfulloflove.三、重點(diǎn)知識(shí)點(diǎn)賞析1.however however是副詞，意為“盡管如此，可是，仍然”，可以放在句首、句中或句尾，但要用逗號(hào)隔開。例如：It’sraininghard.However,Ithinkweshouldgotoschoolontime.雨下得很大，我仍然認(rèn)為該準(zhǔn)時(shí)上學(xué)。Shewaited,however,fornoanswer.然而她沒有等來回答。【拓展】however與but的辨析：(1)從語義上看，but所表示的是非常明顯的對(duì)比，轉(zhuǎn)折的意味比however強(qiáng)。(2)從語法上看，but是個(gè)并列連詞，而however卻是個(gè)副詞。(3)從語序上看，but總是位于它所引出的分句之首，而however卻可位于分句之首、之中或之尾，但在翻譯成漢語時(shí)，一定要把它放在分句之首。(4)從標(biāo)點(diǎn)上看，but之后一般不得使用逗號(hào)，但however位于分句之首時(shí)，通常用逗號(hào)；位于分句之中時(shí)，通常在其前、后各加一個(gè)逗號(hào)；位于分句之尾時(shí)，則必須在其前加逗號(hào)。例如：Welovepeace,butwearenotafraidofwar.我們熱愛和平，但是我們并不害怕戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。Hehasn’tarrived.Hemay,however,comelater.他還沒有到，不過，他可能過一會(huì)兒來。Youcanphonethedoctor.However,IdoubtwhetherhewillcomeoutonaSaturdaynight.你可以給醫(yī)生打電話。不過，我懷疑他是否會(huì)在周六晚上出診。Hesaidthatitwasso.Hewasmistaken,however.他說事情是這樣的，然而他錯(cuò)了。2.while(1)while作連詞，意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句，并且是主句和從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表狀態(tài)，且常用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。例如： HecameinwhileIwaswatchingTV.當(dāng)我在看電視時(shí)，他進(jìn)來了。 (2)while作連詞，還可意為“而，然而”，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的對(duì)比。例如： Iliketeawhileshelikescoffee.我愛喝茶，而她愛喝咖啡。 (3)while作名詞，意為“一會(huì)兒，片刻”，常用于afterawhile中，表示“過了一會(huì)兒”。例如： Afterawhile,shecametoherself.過了一會(huì)兒，她蘇醒過來了。【拓展】while;when與as的辨析： (1)while強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，從句常用進(jìn)行時(shí)，其動(dòng)詞必須為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或表狀態(tài)。例如： CouldyoulookaftermydogwhileI’maway?我離開時(shí)，你能照看我的狗嗎？ (2)when既可指動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，也可指先后發(fā)生，從句中的動(dòng)作既可是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也可是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。若是同時(shí)發(fā)生且為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則可與while互換；若when作并列連詞，表示“就在那時(shí)，這時(shí)候”則只能用when，并且when引導(dǎo)的從句只能放在后面。 試比較： Whenthealiengotout,thegirlwasshopping.=Whilethegirlwasshopping,thealiengotout.當(dāng)外星人出來時(shí)， 小女孩在購物。 WewerewatchingTVwhentherewasaknockatthedoor.我們?cè)诳措娨?，這時(shí)有人敲門。 (3)as多指主句從句兩動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，常翻譯為“一邊……一邊……”。例如： Theytalkedastheywalked.他們邊走邊談。3.stand stand作名詞，意為“站臺(tái)，看臺(tái)”。例如：Thelittlegirlwatchingthegameinthestandismysister.正在站臺(tái)上觀看比賽的小女孩是我妹妹?！就卣埂?1)stand作動(dòng)詞，意為“忍受”。例如：Ican’tstandthehotweather.我忍受不了這種炎熱的天氣。(2)stand作動(dòng)詞，還可意為“站，站立”。例如：Don’tstandhere.不要站在這里。4.leaderleader是可數(shù)名詞，意為“領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者；領(lǐng)袖”，它是由動(dòng)詞lead+后綴-er構(gòu)成的名詞。例如：Heisabornleader.他是個(gè)天生的領(lǐng)袖?！就卣埂勘硎韭殬I(yè)或身份的名詞小結(jié)： (1)以-ist結(jié)尾的有：pianist鋼琴家chemist化學(xué)家violinist小提琴家physicist物理學(xué)家scientist科學(xué)家 (2)以-er，-r或-or結(jié)尾的有：teacher教師painter畫家writer作家singer歌唱家visitor參觀者actor演員engineer工程師inventor發(fā)明家professor教授reporter記者 (3)以-man結(jié)尾的有：postman郵遞員policeman警察businessman商人spaceman宇航員fisherman漁夫dustman清潔工 (4)以-ian結(jié)尾的有：musician音樂家politician政治家5.decide decide是動(dòng)詞，意為“決定，選定”。其主要用法有：(1)decidesth.例如：Ican’tdecideanythingatthemoment.現(xiàn)在我不能做出任何決定。 (2)decidetodosth.例如：WedecidetogotoParisnextmonth.我們決定下個(gè)月去巴黎?！就卣埂縟ecideon…意為“由……決定；決定于……”。后面接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語。例如：IdecidedongoingtoBeijingatlast.最后我決定去北京了。Mymotherdecidedonthereddress.我媽媽決定買下那件紅色的裙子6.lead lead作及物動(dòng)詞，意為“帶路，領(lǐng)路，指引”，lead…to…意為“帶領(lǐng)……去……”。例如：Theschoolmastermetusandledusroundthecampus.校長接待了我們，并帶我們?cè)谛@里轉(zhuǎn)了轉(zhuǎn)。Theroadleadsyoutothestation.這條路指引你通往車站?！就卣埂?1)leadsb.todosth.意為“致使/誘惑……”。例如：Whatledyoutothinkso?什么使你這么想呢？(2)leadto意為“（道路等）通往……；引起（結(jié)果等）”。例如：AllroadsleadtoRome.條條大路通羅馬。Theheavyrainledtoaflood.大雨導(dǎo)致洪水。7.asaresultasaresult為固定短語，意為“因此，結(jié)果”。例如：Hegotupverylatetoday.Asaresult,hemissedthefirstbus.他今天起晚了，結(jié)果沒趕上第一班公交車。【拓展】asaresult與asaresultof的辨析：(1)asaresult意為“因