（高考英語作文煉句）第58篇譯文老師筆記

PAGEPAGE11.如果政府不肯同意公民的合法訴求,公民有權(quán)發(fā)起和平抗議.Citizens

areentitledto

(1.有資格有……,有權(quán)做……)stagepeacefulprotests

(2.發(fā)起和平抗議)ifthegovernmentfailsto

accedetotheirlegitimatedemands(3.同意他們的合法訴求).

1-beentitledtodo

詞典釋義：entitleUK

[?n'ta?.tl]

US

[-t?l]

verb

transitive

ALLOW

允許

ADVANCED

■togivesomeonetherighttodoorhavesomething

給予(某人…)的權(quán)利;使符合資格?Beingunemployed

entitles

you

to

free

medicaltreatment.失業(yè)時,你有權(quán)享受免費醫(yī)療.?[+

to

infinitive]Theemployeris

entitled

to

askforreferences.雇主有權(quán)索取推薦信.

外刊例句：TwohighcourtjudgesruledthatSmith

was

legally

entitled

to

stagethe

awardfromlastDecember.

()兩位最高法院法官裁定,史密斯有權(quán)拿回自上個12月算起的全部賠償裁定額.

替換表達：havetherighttodo

2-stagepeacefulprotests

詞典釋義：stage5.VERB

動詞

組織(活動或儀式)

Ifyou

stage

aneventorceremony,youorganizeitandusuallytakepartin

it.?Russianworkershave

stageda

numberofstrikesinprotestattherepublic'sdeclarationofindependence...俄羅斯工人已經(jīng)舉行了數(shù)次罷工,抗議該共和國宣布獨立.?Atthemiddleofthisyearthegovernment

stagedahugemilitaryparade.今年年中,政府舉行了一次盛大的閱兵活動.

外刊例句：Anarmyofleft-wingnationalistsloyalto

AndrésManuelLópezObrador,whocamesecondtoMrPe?ainlastyear’s

presidentialelection,plansto

stage

protests

inMexicoCityincomingweeks.()洛佩茲在去年總統(tǒng)大選中僅次于佩拉,其大批左翼忠實支持者將于接下來的星期里,在墨西哥城抗議游行.

替換表達：organize/hold/mountprotests,protestpeacefully

3-accedetotheirlegitimatedemands

詞典釋義：accede[?k'si：d]

verb

Phrasal

Verbs

accedetosth

formal

■toagreetodowhatpeoplehaveaskedyoutodo

同意,應允?Hegraciously

acceded

toourrequest.他很通情達理,同意了我們的請求.?Itisdoubtfulwhetherthegovernmentwillever

accede

tothenationalists'demandsforindependence.難以預料政府是否會同意民族主義者的獨立要求.

legitimate

UK

[l?'d??t.?.m?t]

US

[-'d??t?-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■allowedbylaw

合法的,正當?shù)?法律允許的

?Thearmymustgivepowerbacktothe

legitimate

government.軍隊必須將權(quán)力交還給合法政府.

ADVANCED

■reasonableandacceptable

合理的,可接受的,得到認可的

?Heclaimedthattherestaurantbillwasa

legitimate

businessexpense.他聲稱飯店帳單是一筆合理的業(yè)務開支.

外刊例句：Butsheaddedthatthegovernmentwouldnot

accedeto

longstanding

demands

fora$1bn(￡447m)fundto

compensatethoseaffectedbythepolicy,whichwasbasedonrace.

()但她補充道,政府不會接受這些由來已久的訴求：要求政府拿出十億美金來補償那些因為種族原因而受政策影響的人群.

替換表達：agreetosomething

學生錯誤表達：(1)agreethelegitimatedemandsofcitizens點評：agree在這里是不及物動詞,要改為agreetothelegitimatedemandsofcitizens(2)agreewithcitizens'legalclaims點評：agreewith

something含義是"認同某事”,例如：IseeyourpointbutI'mnot

sureIagreewithyou.我明白你的觀點,但恐怕我不能茍同.而agreetosomething含義則是"同意做(某人要求你做的)事情”,例如：Idon'tunderstand

whyhedoesn'tagreetothedivorce.我理解為什么他不同意離婚.這里句子的意思是"政府接受公民的訴求”,因此應該用agreetocitizenslegalclaims

2.讓每個人震驚的一點是,對受災地區(qū)人民的扶助不足是官員腐敗的直接結(jié)果.Toeveryone'sshock,

theinadequacyofprovisionfor

(1.對……的扶助不足)peopleindisaster-strickenareasturnedouttobeadirectresultof

officialcorruption(2.官員腐敗).

1-theinadequacyofprovisionfor

詞典釋義：inadequacy

[?'n?d.?.kw?.si]

noun

countable

or

uncountable

■whensomethingisnotgoodenoughortoosmallinamount

不夠好;劣質(zhì)?Economicgrowthishinderedbythe

inadequacies

of

thepublictransportsystem.經(jīng)濟發(fā)展受制于公共交通運輸系統(tǒng)的不完善.?The

inadequacy

ofthebudgetislikelytocause

problems.預算的不足有可能會導致問題.

provision

●●●○○1.N-UNCOUNT

不可數(shù)名詞

供應;提供

The

provisionof

somethingistheactofgivingitormakingitavailabletopeoplewhoneed

orwantit.?Thedepartmentisresponsibleforthe

provision

ofresidentialcareservices.該部門負責提供家庭護理服務.?...nursery

provision

forchildrenwithspecialneeds.為有特殊需要的兒童提供護理2.N-VAR

可變名詞

預備;準備;預先采取的措施

Ifyoumake

provisionfor

somethingthat

mighthappenorthatmightneedtobedone,youmakearrangementstodeal

withit.?MrKingaskedifithadeveroccurredtohertomake

provision

forherownpension...金先生問她是否曾想過要為自己的養(yǎng)老金預先作安排.

?Thereisno

provision

forfundingperformance-relatedpayrises.沒有為與業(yè)績掛鉤的加薪預作資金準備.

外刊例句：Butthefinancialturmoilhasalsoshownup

the

inadequacy

oftheregion'sown

self-helpmechanisms.

()但這次財政混亂也反映了,該地區(qū)自救系統(tǒng)不夠完備.

2-officialcorruption

詞典釋義：official[?'f??.?l]

adjective

ESSENTIAL

■relatingtoapositionofresponsibility

官員的;公職的;公務的?HevisitedChinainhis

official

capacityas

America'straderepresentative.他以美方貿(mào)易代表的身份訪問了中國.?NumberTenDowningStreetistheBritishprimeminister's

official

residence.唐寧街10號是英國首相的官邸.

corruption

[k?'r?p.??n]

noun

BAD

腐敗

IMPROVER

uncountable

■illegal,badordishonestbehaviour,especiallybypeople

inpositionsofpower

(尤指當權(quán)者的)貪污,腐敗,墮落

?Thefilmisaboutayoungpolice-officerandhisstruggle

to

expose

corruption

intheforce.電影講述的是一個年輕員警的故事,表現(xiàn)了他是如何克服困難揭露警方內(nèi)部腐敗的.?Political

corruption

iswidespreadthroughoutthe

country.政治腐敗在全國蔓延.

外刊例句：Inhisfirstaddresssincebeingregisteredas

acandidateforRussia'sMarchpresidentialelection,Medvedevsaid

officialcorruption

hadnowreacheda

"hugescale".()梅德韋杰夫在注冊為3月份的總統(tǒng)大選候選人后,首次發(fā)表講話時稱,官員腐敗程度現(xiàn)在已達到了"巨大規(guī)?！?

3.在駭人聽聞的恐怖襲擊之后,政府加強安全防御來減輕人們對武裝暴力的恐懼.Rightafterthe

appalling

(1.駭人聽聞的)terroristactivity,thegovernment

tightenedsecurity

(2.加強安全防御)to

allaypublicfears

(3.減輕人們對……的恐懼)aboutarmedviolence.

1-appalling

詞典釋義：appallingUK

[?'p?：.l??]

US

[-'pɑ：-]

adjective

ADVANCED

■shockingandverybad

駭人聽聞的,令人震驚的;極為惡劣的

?appalling

injuries慘不忍睹的傷處?Prisonerswerekeptinthemost

appalling

conditions.犯人被關押在條件極其惡劣的地方.

外刊例句：Such

imagesare

appalling;thatthey

havebecomefamiliarisevenmoreso.()如此圖片實在駭人聽聞;而他們卻已對此越發(fā)習以為常.

替換表達：horrifying/dreadful/shocking/terrifying

2-tightensecurity

詞典釋義：tighten6.VERB

動詞

使(規(guī)定、政策、制度)更加嚴格;使更加有效

Ifsomeoneinauthority

tightens

arule,apolicy,

orasystem,theymakeitstricterormoreefficient.?TheUnitedStatesplansto

tighten

theeconomicsanctionscurrentlyinplace...美國計劃加大現(xiàn)有經(jīng)濟制裁的力度.

?Theyhave

tightenedsecurityalongtheborder...他們加強了邊境的安全工作.?Take-offandlandingprocedureshavebeen

tightenedaftertwojetsnarrowlyescapeddisaster.在兩架噴氣機差點出事故之后,起飛和降落的操作規(guī)程更加嚴格了.Tightenup

meansthesameas

tighten.

tightenup

同tighten?Untilthisweek,everyattemptto

tighten

upthelawhadfailed...到本周為止,一切旨在嚴格執(zhí)法的努力都失敗了.

?Heaccusedministersofbreakingelectionpledgesto

tighten

uponimmigration.他指責部長們沒有兌現(xiàn)在競選中許下的加強移民管制的諾言.

外刊例句：Itsaiditwasreviewingmethodsto

tightensecurity,includingnew

computersoftwarecapableofcompilingapassenger"blacklist"and

theinstallationofCCTVcamerasonaircraft.

()它說它將重新檢閱這些用于加強安保的方法,這包括：采用新型的可以編譯來訪者"黑名單”的軟件、在機場安裝全方位監(jiān)控攝像頭.

替換表達：stepup/increase/strengthensecurity

3-allay

詞典釋義：allay[?'le?]

formal

verb

transitive

■Ifyouallayastrongemotionfeltbysomeone,suchas

fearorworry,youcausethemtofeelitlessortofeelcalmagain

減輕,緩解(擔憂、恐懼等)?Thegovernmentistryingto

allay

public

fears/concern

aboutthespreadofthedisease.政府正努力消除公眾對疾病蔓延的恐懼／擔心.

外刊例句：TheEPAisnowconductingthebiggeststudy

everintoallaspectsofshaleexploration,likelytobepublishednextyear,

whichmighthelp

allay

public

fears.()環(huán)境保護局正對頁巖開采組織一場前所未有的大規(guī)模調(diào)查,而這份調(diào)查很可能將在下一年發(fā)布,或許可以緩解公眾對頁巖開采的擔憂.

替換表達：alleviate/assuagepublicfears4.在反腐運動期間,很多高官最終鋃鐺入獄,但政府在根治腐敗這方面還有很長的路要走.Duringtheanti-corruptioncampaignmany

high-levelofficials

(1.高官)endedupbehindbars(2.最終鋃鐺入獄),yetthereisstillalongwaytogobeforethegovernment

eradicatescorruption(3.根治腐敗).

1-high-levelofficialsofficer和official在指"n-高級官員”時,在含義上是相同的.但是,到底用哪個詞,就是習慣的問題了.officer多用于軍隊、海關、警察,例如anavalofficer;official多用于政府、行政,例如senioradministrationofficials.

詞典釋義：high-level

adjectiveonlybeforenoun

1.inapowerfulpositionorjob,orinvolvingpeoplewhoareinpowerful

positionsorjobs高層的,由高層人士進行(組成)的：?high-level

executives高層管理人員high-levelmeetings/talks/negotiationsetc.?ahigh-level

conferenceonarmscontrol關于軍備控制的高層會議

official[?'f??.?l]

noun

countable

ESSENTIAL

■apersonwhohasa

positionofresponsibilityinanorganization

官員;要員;高級職員

?agovernment/trade-union/council

official政府官員／工會要員／市政會官員

外刊例句：Expertsraiseconcernsoverwhethertheright

peoplehavebeentargetedintheleadcontaminationcaseas

high-levelofficials

remainuntouched.

()專家擔憂,(政府)在鉛污染案件中沒有針對到真正的罪魁禍首,因為高官都仍安然無恙.

替換表達：high-ranking/top/seniorofficials,dignitaries

2-endupbehindbars

詞典釋義：endup1.PHRASAL

VERB

短語動詞

(通常指意外地)最終到達

Ifsomeoneorsomething

endsup

somewhere,

theyeventuallyarrivethere,usuallybyaccident.?Theresultwasthattheengineendedupatthebottomofthe

canal...結(jié)果引擎最終沉到了運河底.?Shefledwithherchildren,movingfromneighbourto

neighbourandendingupinafriend'scellar.她帶著孩子逃亡,從一個鄰居家跑到另一個鄰居家,最后逃到了一個朋友的地下室.2.PHRASAL

VERB

短語動詞

最終;結(jié)果;到頭來

Ifyou

endup

doing

somethingor

endup

inaparticularstate,youdothatthingorgetintothatstate

eventhoughyoudidnotoriginallyintendto.?Ifyoudon'tknowwhatyouwant,youmight

endup

gettingsomethingyoudon'twant...如果你不知道自己想要什么,到頭來你可能得非所愿.?Everytimetheywentdancingtheyendedupinabad

mood...每次他們?nèi)ヌ?都會不歡而散.?Shecouldhaveendedupamillionairess.她本可以成為百萬富婆的.

behindbars

phrase