上海市松江區(qū)2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)控英語(yǔ)試題 含解析

松江區(qū)2023學(xué)年度第一學(xué)期期末質(zhì)量監(jiān)控試卷高三英語(yǔ)(滿分140分，完卷時(shí)間120分鐘)考生注意：1.本考試設(shè)試卷和答題紙兩部分，試卷包括試題與答題要求，所有答題必須涂(選擇題)或?qū)?非選擇題)在答題紙上，做在試卷上一律不得分。2.答題前，務(wù)必在答題紙上填寫(xiě)學(xué)校、班級(jí)、姓名和考號(hào)。3.答題紙與試卷在試題編號(hào)上是一一對(duì)應(yīng)的，答題時(shí)應(yīng)特別注意，不能錯(cuò)位。I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Happy. B.Angry.C.Relaxed. D.Confused.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Can’tyouknockonthedoorwhenyouentermyoffice?M:I’msorry!It’sjustthatI’minsuchahurry.Q:Howdidthewomanfeelwhenshewasspeakingtotheman?2.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Anactress. B.Adirector.C.Awriter. D.Atranslator.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Ihaveseenallyourfilms.You’vejustdirectedanewone,haven’tyou?W:Yes.It’saboutawriterandwillbetranslatedintoseverallanguages.Q:Whatisprobablythewoman?3.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Professorandstudent. B.Doctorandpatient.C.Employerandapplicant. D.Shopownerandcustomer.【答案】C【解析】【原文】W:Well,Mr.Brown,we’reverypleasedwithyourqualifications.We’dliketoofferyoutheposition.M:That’sgreat!I’mreallylookingforwardtostartingmynewjob.Q:Whatisthemostprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?4.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Tonyshouldcontinuetotaketheclass.B.SheapprovesofTony’sdecision.C.Tonycanchooseanothersciencecourse.D.ShecanmeetTonyearlyinthemorning.【答案】A【解析】【原文】M:I’mgoingtodropmyInformationScienceclass.Itmeetstooearlyinthemorning.W:Isthatagoodreasontodroptheclass,Tony?Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?5.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Anannoyingdog. B.Mrs.White.C.Theflowergarden. D.Theirneighborhood.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:We’vegottodosomethingabouttheneighbor’sdog!M:Why?Hasitbeenintoyourflowergardenagain?YoushouldtalktoMrs.Whiteaboutit.Q:Whatarethetwospeakersmainlytalkingabout?6.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Hewasn’tinvitedtothemeeting.B.Hedidn’tfindthemeetinghall.C.Hemissedthemeetingintheend.D.Hewasdelayedbytheheavyfog.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Butfortheheavytraffic,Iwouldhavereachedthemeetinghalltwohoursearlier.W:Oh,whatapity!Themeetinghasbeenovernow.Q:Whatcanweconcludeabouttheman?7.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.15,000yuan. B.16,500yuan.C.50,000yuan. D.55,000yuan.【答案】D【解析】【原文】W:IamabigfanofChinesecalligraphy.Isthatpieceofworkstillpricedat50,000yuan?M:Sorry,madam,itspricehasrisenby10%.Q:Howmuchdoesthatpieceofcalligraphyworkcostnow?8.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Asportsmeeting. B.Ahikingtrip.C.Apressconference. D.Asurpriseparty.【答案】D【解析】【原文】M:EveryonehidesinthenextroomandwhenJohncomes,wejumpout.W:Perhapsweshouldturnonafewlightssohewon’tsuspectanything.Q:Whatarethespeakersmostlikelyplanning?9.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A.Themanisseeingoffthewoman.B.TheyarecelebratingtheNewYear.C.Thewomanispickinguptheman.D.Theyarecomplainingabouttheairport.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:Airportsaresadplaces.M:Sometimes,Iguess.Butwewillkeepintouch.AndI’llflyovertoyouonNewYear’sDay.Q:Whatarethespeakersprobablydoing?10.【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】A. B.C D.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:Howaboutgoingtothecinemawithmetonight,Susan?W:SorryIcan’t.MysisterisgoingbacktoherschoolinBeijingandIhavetodrivehertotherailwaystation.Q:WhichpictureshowsSusan’sdestinationtonight?SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】11.A.Toreduceourchanceofregularwalking.B.Toshowustheadvantagesofexercising.C.Topersuadeustowalkinourdailylife.D.Tochangeourhabitofwalkingeveryday.12.A.Walkinginruralareasarousesnewideas.B.Walkingofferscancerpatientsconfidence.C.Walkingenlargeselderpeople’sbrainsize.D.Walkinginnaturehelpstobeatdepression.13.A.Itcancurecommonheartdiseases.B.Ithasbeenmadepartofpeople’slife.C.Itistheeasiestwaytoloseweight.D.Itworksbetterontheoldthantheyoung.【答案】11.C12.D13.C【解析】【原文】Leftfoot,rightfoot,leftfoot,rightfoot...youcantravelfastorslow.Themovementofyourfeetgetsyouwhereyouneedtogo.Anditalsooffersyoumuchmore!Walkingisasimpleexercisesuitableforalmosteveryone.First,walkingenhancesyourphysicalhealth.Itmakesyourheartstronger.Studiesshowregularwalkingreducesyourchanceofheartdisease.Walkingquicklyfor30minutesadayalsohelpscontrolhighbloodpressure.Itcanreduceyourchanceofdevelopingsomecancers,too.Wanttoloseweight?Youneedtoburn600morecalorieseachdaythanyoutakeinandwalkingistheeasiestway.Aspeopleage,theirbrainsdon’tworkaswellasbeforebecausecertainpartsofthebrainsgetsmallerinsize.Olderpeoplewhowalksixmilesormoreperweekarelikelytokeeptheirbrainsinbettershape.Walkingimprovesyourmentalhealth,too.Accordingtosomescientificresearch,walkinginanaturallandscapecombininggreenandbluehelpspeoplefeelgroundedinnatureandcreatesafeelingofconnectiontotheworld.That’saneffectivewaytofightagainstdepression.Youcanmakewalkingpartofyourday.Insteadofparkingnearyourhouse,parkadistanceawayandwalk.Insteadoftakingthelift,walk.Makewalkingahabit,andseehowitmakesyoufeel.(Nowlistenagainplease.)Questions:1.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?2.Howdoeswalkingbenefitpeople’smentalhealth?3.Whatcanwelearnaboutwalkingfromthepassage?聽(tīng)下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】14.A.Howhistorycanbedefineddifferently.B.Whypeopleshouldstudyhistory.C.Howpeoplecanbetterunderstandthepast.D.Whyhistorymayaffectcareerchoice.15.A.Tounderstandunfamiliarthings.B.Toconvincedifferentpeople.C.Todevelopskillstogivedirections.D.Toidentifywithpeoplearound.16.A.Historyisabodyofknowledgeratherthanawaytothink.B.Beingahistorianisnotapopularideaforpresentstudents.C.Studyingthepasthelpspeopleunderstandthemodernworld.D.Thespeakerdoesnotagreewithothers’definitionsofhistory.【答案】14.B15.A16.C【解析】【原文】Foragreatmanypeople,historyisasetoffacts,acollectionofevents,aseriesofthingsthathappenedinthepast.Forme,historyisfirstlyawayofthinkingaboutandseeingtheworld.Tomakesenseofthepast,youshouldlearnhowtoseeitonitsownterms;inotherwords,howtofigureoutthemeaningofstrangeandunfamiliarthings,andhowtoidentifywithpeoplewhooncethoughtsodifferentlyaswedotoday.Ifyoulearnhowtodothesethings,youbegintodevelopskillsthatnotonlyhelpfindtherightdirectioninthepast,butthepresentaswell.Onceyoucanseethethingsthathistoryteachesyou,onceyouknowhowtounderstandtheinnerlogicofunfamiliarthoughtsandbehavior,itbecomeseasiertomakesenseofthemodernworldandthediversepeoplesandideasaroundyou.Itmightseemunusualthatoneofthebestwaystoexplainthepresentistostudythepast,butthatiswhyhistorycanbesoimportant.Whenweappreciatethathistoryisnotonlyabodyofknowledge,butratherawayofthinking,itbecomesaparticularlypowerfultool.Noteveryonemaychoosetobecomeahistorian.Yet,whatevercareeryouchoose,knowinghowtothinkhistoricallywillhelp.(Nowlistenagainplease.)1.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?2.Accordingtothepassage,whatcanhelppeoplemakesenseofthepast?3.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepassage?聽(tīng)下面一段較長(zhǎng)對(duì)話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P(guān)音頻，請(qǐng)去附件查看】17.A.Becausehedidn’ttakecompletenotes.B.Becausehisvisionisn’tgoodenough.C.Becausehehasmissedseveralclasses.D.Becausehisnotebookwaslostoncampus.18.A.Atalibrary. B.Atacopyshop.C.Atalaboratory. D.Atacoffeeshop.19.A.Gettingsomerest. B.Studyingtogether.C.Havingmoreclasses. D.Exchangingnotes.20.A.Themandoesnotwanttospendtimetakingnotes.B.Themanenjoysplayingslideshowsfortheprofessor.C.Thewomanwouldnotliketolendthemanhernotes.D.Thewomanwillhelptokeepthemanawakeinclass.【答案】17.A18.D19.B20.D【解析】【原文】M:Sally,isitpossibletolendmeyournotes?I’llreturnthemtomorrow.W:Well,Iusuallygotothecafeteriaandreviewthem.Say,howaboutcopyingthemoverinthelibrarynexttothecafeteria?M:Great!IthinkI’vegotenoughcoinsforthemachines.W:OK.ButIdon’tunderstandwhyyouneedmynotes,David.Youhaven’tmissedanyclasses,haveyou?M:Ihaven’t.Butweekdaymornings,Iworkpart-timeasawaiteratacoffeeshopdowntown.Afterwork,Icomedirectlytoschool!W:Wow,you’reprobablyexhausted!M:That’sexactlywhyIwanttoborrowyournotes.Iamnotabletotakegoodnotes.W:Whathappenstoyouduringtheclasses?M:I’musuallyawakeatthebeginning.Butaftertwentyminutesintoclass,Ihavetroublekeepingmyeyesopen.W:Hmm…Ineedsomeonetostudywithme,andyouneedsomeonetokeepyouawake,wanttobestudypartnersandworktogether?M:Yeah,I’dsureappreciateit.W:OK,let’sstarttodayatthelibrary.We’regoingthereanyway,andyoudon’thavetogotothecoffeeshop.M:Soundsgood.Oh,here’sProfessorRobinson.Itlookslikehe’sbroughtalongsomemoreofhisslides.WakemeupifIstartnoddingoff.W:OfcourseIwill.Don’tforgetwearestudypartnersnow.(Nowlistenagainplease.)Questions:1.Whydoesthemanaskthewomanforhernotes?2.Wheredoesthemandohispart-timejob?3.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemdoing?4.Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.BuyNow,PayLaterSpendingBuynow,paylater(BNPL)spendingisexpectedtorisetorecordlevelsthisholidayseason.Withsomanyyoung“buynow,paylater”shoppersalreadyindebtfromthisshort-termfinancingtoolnotrequiringinterest,questionsemerge:Whydotheseshoppersusesuchatool?Andwhatrisksdoesitposetotheirbudgetsinthemonths____21____(come)?ThemanyGenerationZandmillennials(typicallyaround40yearsandyounger)tendtousethisshort-termfinancing,____22____allowsthemtobuyitemsandpayforthemovertime.Offeredmostlybyfinancialtechnologies,BNPLallowsthesecustomerstopaybacktheirpurchases____23____interestandwiththefirstpaymentusuallymadeatcheckout.Themostcommon“buynow,paylater”planis____24____customersmakefourequalpaymentsandpayoffthedebtinsixweeks.It’sbeenalifelineforsomepeople,suchasauniversitystudent____25____weeklyincomeisnotbigenough.“BNPLprovidesconsumerswithflexiblepaymentoptionssothey____26____managespending,”saidVivekPandya,leadanalystatAdobeDigitalInsights.Thatisofgreatimportanceformanyconsumers,especially____27____withatendencytopurchasehigher-costitems.However,sinceBNPL____28____(appear),warningsfromexpertshavecomeintoourview.Theyhavebeenindicatingthatit’sfinanciallyunhealthytoformsuchaspendinghabit.AccordingtoNewYorkFederalReserveeconomists,BNPLmayencouragedebttoincreaseovertime,____29____(influence)aconsumer’sabilitytomeetnon-BNPLcommitments,oruserstooverextendthemselves.Usersshouldalsonotethat______30______interestisnotchargedontheloan,they’llbehitwithlatefeesformissedpayments,whichcanaddupquickly,saystheConsumerFinancialProtectionBureau.【答案】21.tocome22.which23.with24.that25.whose26.can27.those28.appeared29.influencing30.although##though##while【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述了BNPL消費(fèi)的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，以及作者對(duì)BNPL的態(tài)度?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：在未來(lái)的幾個(gè)月，這會(huì)給他們的預(yù)算帶來(lái)什么風(fēng)險(xiǎn)？分析句子可知，空處表示動(dòng)作未發(fā)生，應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式修飾前面的名詞，作后置定語(yǔ)，inthemonthstocome譯為“在未來(lái)幾個(gè)月”。故填tocome?！?2題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：許多Z世代和千禧一代（通常在40歲及以下）傾向于使用這種短期融資，這使他們能夠購(gòu)買物品并在一段時(shí)間內(nèi)付款?？仗幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是thisshort-termfinancing，指物，用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中作主語(yǔ)。故填which?！?3題詳解】考查介詞。句意：BNPL主要由金融技術(shù)提供，允許這些客戶帶息還款，第一筆付款通常在結(jié)賬時(shí)支付。withinterest“付利息地，帶息”為固定搭配。故填with?！?4題詳解】考查表語(yǔ)從句。句意：最常見(jiàn)的“先買后付”計(jì)劃是，客戶分期付款四次，并在六周內(nèi)還清債務(wù)。分析句子可知，此處應(yīng)用表語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，從句句子完整，不缺少成分，應(yīng)用只起連接作用，無(wú)實(shí)意的that引導(dǎo)。故填that?！?5題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：對(duì)于一些人來(lái)說(shuō)，這是一條生命線，比如一名每周收入不夠大的大學(xué)生?？仗幰龑?dǎo)限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是student，指人，且在從句中作名詞income的定語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)從句，在從句中作定語(yǔ)。故填whose?！?6題詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。AdobeDigitalInsights首席分析師VivekPandya表示：“BNPL為消費(fèi)者提供了靈活的支付選擇，使他們能夠管理支出。”分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)用表示“能夠，可以”的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can。故填can?！?7題詳解】考查代詞。這對(duì)許多消費(fèi)者來(lái)說(shuō)非常重要，尤其是那些傾向于購(gòu)買高成本商品的消費(fèi)者。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)用代詞，指代前文的consumers，指代名詞復(fù)數(shù)，應(yīng)用代詞those。故填those。【28題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。然而，自從BNPL出現(xiàn)以來(lái)，專家們的警告已經(jīng)進(jìn)入了我們的視野。根據(jù)since和havecome以及句意可知，主句是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，since從句描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用過(guò)去式。故填appeared。【29題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)紐約聯(lián)邦儲(chǔ)備銀行經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)家的說(shuō)法，BNPL可能會(huì)鼓勵(lì)債務(wù)隨著時(shí)間的推移而增加，影響消費(fèi)者履行非BNPL承諾的能力，或者用戶過(guò)度擴(kuò)張自己。該句的謂語(yǔ)是mayencourage，且無(wú)連詞，空處應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，influence與逗號(hào)前面的句子之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，表示自然而然的結(jié)果。故填influencing。【30題詳解】考查讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。消費(fèi)者金融保護(hù)局說(shuō)，用戶還應(yīng)該注意，雖然貸款不收取利息，但他們將因未付款而受到滯納金的打擊，這些滯納金可能很快就會(huì)累積起來(lái)。根據(jù)interestisnotchargedontheloan與they’llbehitwithlatefeesformissedpayments存在讓步轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系可知，空處應(yīng)用讓步狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞，表示“雖然，盡管”，故填although/though/while。SectionBDirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．a(chǎn)ttractiveB．botheredC．buildingD．contrastsE．crossedF．demonstratesG．dramaticallyH．greyedI．instrumentalJ．sustainingK．vividlyAReviewonOppenheimerOppenheimerisChristopherNolan’sfilmaboutJ.RobertOppenheimer,themanknownas“thefatheroftheatomic(原子的)bomb”.Asadramaaboutgenius,prideanderror,it____31____thelifeoftheAmericantheoreticalphysicistwhohelpedresearchanddevelopthetwoatomicbombsthatweredroppedonHiroshimaandNagasaki,twocitiesinJapan,duringWorldWarII.Oppenheimerisagreatachievement,partlybecauseit____32____relatesthatperiodofhistorythankstoNolan’slifelikefilmmaking.Nolangoesdeepandlongonthe____33____ofthebomb,buthedoesn’trestagetheattacksandtherearenodocumentaryimagesofthedeadorcitiesinashes.ThestorytracksOppenheimeracrossdecades,startinginthe1920swithhimasayoungadultandcontinuinguntilhishair____34____.Thefilmtouchesonhispersonalandprofessionalmilestones,thecontroversiesthat____35____him,andtheattacksthatnearlyruinedhim.Besides,thefriendshipsandromances____36____him,yetalsotroubling,arealsodescribed.ThepathofOppenheimer’slife___37___shiftedatBerkeley.Hewasonceonlyanacademicthere,buthisidentitychangedafterGermanyenteredPolandbyforce.Bythattime,OppenheimerhadbecomefriendswithErnestLawrence,aphysicistwhoinventedthehistoricparticleaccelerator(粒子加速器)andplayeda(n)____38____roleintheManhattanProject.AndOppenheimeralsomettheproject’smilitaryheadandwasthenmadedirectorofLosAlamos,wheremuchofhislaterresearchonnuclearweaponstookplace.Fran?oisTruffautoncewrotethat“warfilms,eventhosewhosupportpeace,eventhebest,willinglyornot,presentwarsinacertain____39____way.”ThatiswhyNolanrefusestoshowthebombingofHiroshimaandNagasaki,killingmillionsofsouls.Inthefilm,youhearthatOppenheimer’sfamouswords____40____hisownmindasthemushroomcloudrose:“NowIambecomeDeath,thedestroyerofworlds.”Nolanisactuallyremindingaudiencetoreconsidertherolestheycanplayintheworld.【答案】31.F32.K33.C34.H35.B36.J37.G38.I39.A40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章是一則關(guān)于《奧本海默》的影評(píng)，介紹了電影的大概內(nèi)容以及人物的背景知識(shí)。【31題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：作為一部關(guān)于天才、驕傲和錯(cuò)誤的戲劇，它展示了美國(guó)理論物理學(xué)家的一生，他在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間幫助研究和開(kāi)發(fā)了投在日本廣島和長(zhǎng)崎兩個(gè)城市的兩顆原子彈。根據(jù)“thelifeoftheAmericantheoreticalphysicist”以及句意“展示”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞demonstrate，陳述事實(shí)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)為it，謂語(yǔ)用三單形式。故選F?！?2題詳解】考查副詞。句意：《奧本海默》是一部偉大的作品，部分原因是由于諾蘭栩栩如生的電影制作，它生動(dòng)地講述了那段歷史。根據(jù)“relatesthatperiodofhistory”以及句意“生動(dòng)”可知應(yīng)填副詞vividly，修飾動(dòng)詞relate。故選K?！?3題詳解】考查名詞。句意：諾蘭對(duì)原子彈的建造進(jìn)行了深入而漫長(zhǎng)的研究，但他沒(méi)有重現(xiàn)襲擊事件，也沒(méi)有記錄死者或灰燼中的城市。根據(jù)“ofthebomb”以及句意“建造”可知應(yīng)填名詞building，作賓語(yǔ)。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：故事講述了奧本海默幾十年的故事，從20世紀(jì)20年代他年輕的時(shí)候開(kāi)始，一直持續(xù)到他頭發(fā)變白。根據(jù)“withhimasayoungadultandcontinuinguntilhishair”以及句意“變白”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞grey，結(jié)合上文startinginthe1920s可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選H?！?5題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這部電影觸及了他個(gè)人和職業(yè)上的里程碑，困擾他的爭(zhēng)議，以及幾乎毀了他的攻擊。根據(jù)“thecontroversiesthat”以及句意“困擾”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞bother，結(jié)合attacksthatnearlyruinedhim可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選B。【36題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：除此之外，書(shū)中還描述了支持他的友誼和愛(ài)情，但也令人不安。根據(jù)“him,yetalsotroubling”以及句意“支持”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞sustain，此處為現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)。故選J。【37題詳解】考查副詞。句意：奧本海默的人生軌跡在伯克利發(fā)生了戲劇性的變化。根據(jù)“Hewasonceonlyanacademicthere,buthisidentitychangedafterGermanyenteredPolandbyforce.(他曾經(jīng)只是一名學(xué)者，但在德國(guó)武力入侵波蘭后，他的身份發(fā)生了變化)”以及句意“戲劇性”可知應(yīng)填副詞dramatically，修飾動(dòng)詞shift。故選G?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：那時(shí)，奧本海默已經(jīng)和歐內(nèi)斯特·勞倫斯成了朋友，勞倫斯發(fā)明了具有歷史意義的粒子加速器，并在曼哈頓計(jì)劃中發(fā)揮了重要作用。根據(jù)“roleintheManhattanProject”以及句意“重要”可知應(yīng)填形容詞instrumental，修飾名詞role。故選I?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：弗朗索瓦·特呂弗曾寫(xiě)道：“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)片，即使是那些支持和平的電影，即使是最好的電影，無(wú)論是否愿意，都以某種吸引人的方式呈現(xiàn)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)?！备鶕?jù)“warfilms,eventhosewhosupportpeace,eventhebest,willinglyornot,presentwarsinacertain”以及句意“吸引人的”可知應(yīng)填形容詞attractive，修飾名詞way。故選A?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞。句意：在電影中，當(dāng)蘑菇云升起時(shí)，你會(huì)聽(tīng)到奧本海默的名言閃過(guò)他的腦海：“現(xiàn)在我變成了死神，世界的毀滅者?！备鶕?jù)“youhearthatOppenheimer’sfamouswords”以及句意“閃過(guò)”可知應(yīng)填cross，結(jié)合asthemushroomcloudrose可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故選E。III.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Parishaslongbeenattheheartofthehistoryofflight.ItiswheretheMontgolfierbrotherswentupinthefirsthot-airballoonin1783,andwhereCharlesLindberghcompletedthefirstone-persontransatlanticareophanejourneyin1927.Nextyear,ifallgoestoplan,Pariswillwitnessthebirthofanotherindustry____41____,whenVolocopter,aGermanmakerofelectricaircraft,launchesaflying-taxiserviceduringtheOlympicGames.AttheParisAirshowinJune,Volocopterandsomeofitscompetitorsdisplayedanewgenerationof____42____flyingmachinesdesignedforurbantransport.Theelectrificationofaviation(航空)hasoftenbeendismissedasapipedream,withbatteriesassumedtooheavya___43___fortraditionalfuelinanairbornevehicle.Forlongerjourneys,thatmaywellbetrue.YetupstartslikeVolocopterarebettingthatelectrificationcan____44____aboomindemandforcleanandquickairjourneysovershorterdistances.Themainformofaflyingtaxiunder____45____,calledanelectricvertical(垂直的)take-offandlanding(eVTOL)aircraft,isexpectedtocarryuptofourpassengersplusapilot.Poweredbybatteries,itispredictedtobebothquietenoughtoreducecomplaintsincrowdedcities,andfast:capableofupto300kph,enoughtocomfortably____46____acar,especiallytheonestuckintraffic.AndoptimistsbelievetheabsenceoftrafficintheskywillalsomakeeVTOLswell-suitedto____47____operation.Theycouldprovehandyfortransportinggoods,too.Thatvisionhasinspired____48____predictions.Forexample,MorganStanley,aninvestmentbank,estimatesglobalspendingoneVTOLscouldhit$1,000billionby2040!Regardlessoftheabove____49____expectations,challengesremain.Oneproblemistechnicalcertification,whichisturningouttobea(n)____50____processasaviationregulatorsworkonanentirelynewformofaircraft.Latelastyear,duetoregulatorydelaysandsomeotherfactors,Joby,aSiliconValleystartup,wasforcedto____51____itslaunchbyonemoreyearuntil2025.Manyhaveevenlongertogo.Thebiggerquestionis—isthebusinessofflyingtaxis___52___practicable?EVTOLscurrentlyrangeinpricefrom$1millionto$4million.Somebelievethattheircostmaycomedownastheindustrydevelops.BrianYutkoofWisk,amakerbackedbyBoeing,saysthatflying-taxirideswillbeaccessibleto____53____inthenearfuture.AndJobypromisesthatitsfareswillbecomparabletocatchingacommontaxi.____54____,thereisanoppositebeliefthateVTOLsarelikelytoremainexpensive.Somestudiessuggestthecostcouldendupashighas$7perkilometer,manytimesaregulartaxifare.Thatmeans,evenwithoutapilot,flyingtaxismayremainaconvenience____55____onlytoaluckyfew.Let’sexpectplentymoreexperimentswithelectricaircraftintheyearsahead.41.A.cooperator B.competitor C.observer D.pioneer42.A.wind-driven B.battery-driven C.gas-driven D.solar-driven43.A.substitute B.shelter C.treatment D.desire44.A.regulate B.maintain C.unlock D.reverse45.A.pressure B.attack C.development D.repair46.A.underestimate B.update C.outpace D.overdo47.A.rigid B.autonomous C.attentive D.illegal48.A.daring B.discouraging C.unclear D.ordinary49.A.technological B.unrealistic C.rewarding D.enthusiastic50.A.efficient B.simple C.lengthy D.intelligent51.A.putoff B.speedup C.objectto D.approveof52.A.historically B.technically C.theoretically D.economically53.A.thelearned B.thedisabled C.theseniors D.themasses54.A.Furthermore B.However C.Fortunately D.Consequently55.A.affordable B.valuable C.unbelievable D.unsuitable【答案】41.D42.B43.A44.C45.C46.C47.B48.A49.D50.C51.A52.D53.D54.B55.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道，主要講的是明年，如果一切按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，巴黎將見(jiàn)證另一個(gè)行業(yè)先驅(qū)的誕生，屆時(shí)德國(guó)電動(dòng)飛機(jī)制造商Volocopter將在奧運(yùn)會(huì)期間推出飛行出租車服務(wù)?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：明年，如果一切按計(jì)劃進(jìn)行，巴黎將見(jiàn)證另一個(gè)行業(yè)先驅(qū)的誕生，屆時(shí)德國(guó)電動(dòng)飛機(jī)制造商Volocopter將在奧運(yùn)會(huì)期間推出飛行出租車服務(wù)。A.cooperator合作者；B.competitor競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者；C.observer觀察者；D.pioneer先鋒。根據(jù)下文“l(fā)aunchesaflying-taxiserviceduringtheOlympicGames”可知，Volocopter將在奧運(yùn)會(huì)期間推出飛行出租車服務(wù)，這在以前是沒(méi)有的，所以這是行業(yè)先驅(qū)，空格處用pioneer。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在今年6月的巴黎航展上，Volocopter及其一些競(jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)手展示了專為城市交通設(shè)計(jì)的新一代電池驅(qū)動(dòng)飛行器。A.wind-driven風(fēng)驅(qū)動(dòng)的；B.battery-driven電池驅(qū)動(dòng)的；C.gas-driven燃?xì)怛?qū)動(dòng)的；D.solar-driven太陽(yáng)能驅(qū)動(dòng)的。根據(jù)下文“Theelectrificationofaviation(航空)hasoftenbeendismissedasapipedream,withbatteriesassumedtooheavy”可知，飛行器是電池驅(qū)動(dòng)的。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：航空電氣化常常被認(rèn)為是白日夢(mèng)，因?yàn)槿藗冋J(rèn)為電池太重，無(wú)法替代傳統(tǒng)的空中交通工具燃料。A.substitute替代物；B.shelter庇護(hù)處；C.treatment治療；D.desire渴望。根據(jù)上文“batteriesassumedtooheavy”和下文“fortraditionalfuelinanairbornevehicle”可知，人們認(rèn)為電池太重，無(wú)法替代傳統(tǒng)的空中交通工具燃料。故選A。【44題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，像Volocopter這樣的新貴正在打賭，電氣化可以在較短的距離內(nèi)釋放對(duì)清潔和快速空中旅行的需求。A.regulate調(diào)節(jié)；B.maintain保持；C.unlock開(kāi)啟；D.reverse預(yù)定。根據(jù)下文“aboomindemandforcleanandquickairjourneysovershorterdistances”可知，此處表示“像Volocopter這樣的新貴正在打賭，電氣化可以在較短的距離內(nèi)釋放對(duì)清潔和快速空中旅行的需求”，空格處意為“開(kāi)啟”。故選C?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：正在開(kāi)發(fā)的飛行出租車的主要形式被稱為電動(dòng)垂直起降(eVTOL)飛機(jī)，預(yù)計(jì)最多可搭載四名乘客和一名飛行員。A.pressure壓力；B.attack襲擊；C.development開(kāi)發(fā)；D.repair修理。根據(jù)上文“Nextyear,ifallgoestoplan,Pariswillwitnessthebirthofanotherindustry____1____,whenVolocopter,aGermanmakerofelectricaircraft,launchesaflying-taxiserviceduringtheOlympicGames”可知，這種飛行出租車明年才推出，所以現(xiàn)在是正在被開(kāi)發(fā)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：它由電池供電，預(yù)計(jì)既能安靜到減少擁擠城市中的抱怨，又能快速行駛:時(shí)速可達(dá)300公里，足以輕松超過(guò)汽車，尤其是堵車的汽車。A.underestimate低估；B.update更新；C.outpace趕過(guò)；D.overdo把……做得過(guò)分。根據(jù)上文“capableofupto300kph”可知，時(shí)速可達(dá)300公里，可以超過(guò)汽車。故選C?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：樂(lè)觀主義者認(rèn)為，空中交通的減少也將使eVTOLs非常適合自主操作。A.rigid嚴(yán)格死板的；B.autonomous自動(dòng)的；C.attentive注意的，專心的；D.illegal非法的。根據(jù)上文“theabsenceoftrafficinthesky”可知，空中交通的減少就使得eVTOL很適合自主操作。故選B?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這一愿景激發(fā)了大膽的預(yù)測(cè)。A.daring大膽的；B.discouraging令人沮喪的；C.unclear不清楚的；D.ordinary普通的。根據(jù)下文“Forexample,MorganStanley,aninvestmentbank,estimatesglobalspendingoneVTOLscouldhit$1,000billionby2040”可知，關(guān)于eVTOLs的愿景激發(fā)了人的大膽預(yù)測(cè)，所以有人愿意花錢在eVTOL上。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管有上述熱情的期望，挑戰(zhàn)依然存在。A.technological技術(shù)的；B.unrealistic不現(xiàn)實(shí)的；C.rewarding值得的，有意義的；D.enthusiastic熱情的。根據(jù)上文“AndoptimistsbelievetheabsenceoftrafficintheskywillalsomakeeVTOLswell-suitedto____7____operation.Theycouldprovehandyfortransportinggoods,too.”可知，上文所說(shuō)的是對(duì)eVTOL的熱情的期望。故選D?！?0題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)問(wèn)題是技術(shù)認(rèn)證，這是一個(gè)漫長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程，因?yàn)楹娇毡O(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)正在研究一種全新形式的飛機(jī)。A.efficient效率高的；B.simple簡(jiǎn)單的；C.lengthy冗長(zhǎng)的；D.intelligent聰明的。根據(jù)上文“technicalcertification”和下文“aviationregulatorsworkonanentirelynewformofaircraft”可知，技術(shù)認(rèn)證是很漫長(zhǎng)的過(guò)程，因?yàn)楹娇毡O(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)正在研究一種全新形式的飛機(jī)。故選C?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：去年年底，由于監(jiān)管延誤和其他一些因素，硅谷初創(chuàng)公司Joby被迫將推出時(shí)間再推遲一年，直到2025年。A.putoff推遲；B.speedup加速；C.objectto反對(duì)；D.approveof同意。根據(jù)上文“duetoregulatorydelays”可知，監(jiān)管延誤導(dǎo)致硅谷初創(chuàng)公司Joby被迫將推出時(shí)間再推遲一年。故選A。【52題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：更大的問(wèn)題是——飛行出租車在經(jīng)濟(jì)上可行嗎？A.historically歷史上地；B.technically技術(shù)上；C.theoretically理論上；D.economically在經(jīng)濟(jì)上。根據(jù)“EVTOLscurrentlyrangeinpricefrom$1millionto$4million.”可知，EVTOL很貴，所以此處問(wèn)的問(wèn)題是它在經(jīng)濟(jì)上是否可行。故選D?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：波音支持的制造商Wisk的BrianYutko說(shuō)，在不久的將來(lái)，群眾將可以乘坐飛行出租車。A.thelearned學(xué)識(shí)淵博的人；B.thedisabled殘疾人；C.theseniors老年人；D.themasses群眾。根據(jù)下文“itsfareswillbecomparabletocatchingacommontaxi”可知，它的票價(jià)與普通出租車相當(dāng)，那么將來(lái)普通的群眾也可以乘坐這種飛行出租車。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，有一種相反觀點(diǎn)認(rèn)為evtol可能仍然很昂貴。A.Furthermore另外；B.However然而；C.Fortunately幸運(yùn)的是；D.Consequently結(jié)果。根據(jù)上文“Jobypromisesthatitsfareswillbecomparabletocatchingacommontaxi”和下文“thereisanoppositebeliefthateVTOLsarelikelytoremainexpensive”可知，前后兩句是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，因此空格處是However。故選B。【55題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：這意味著，即使沒(méi)有飛行員，飛行出租車可能仍然是一種只有少數(shù)幸運(yùn)兒才能負(fù)擔(dān)得起的便利。A.affordable負(fù)擔(dān)得起的；B.valuable有價(jià)值的；C.unbelievable難以置信的；D.unsuitable不合適的。根據(jù)上文“Somestudiessuggestthecostcouldendupashighas$7perkilometer,manytimesaregulartaxifare”可知，飛行出租車票價(jià)仍然很貴，所以只有少數(shù)人才能負(fù)擔(dān)得起。故選A。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Everysummer,asachild,Ispentwithmyparentstheannualfamilyholiday,flyingawayfromourhomeintheWestMidlandstotheirbirthplaceinIreland.Ienjoyedit,butonce,Ibehaveddifferentlyandlefthome.Packagetoursandlong-distanceflightsbecamemyideaofaholiday.IthenwentandranintoanEnglishmanwhoalsocameofIrishstock,andwebothfelttheurgetorenewourknowledgeofIreland.Itwasimportantforustodiscoversomethingdifferentfromourchildhoodvisits.Sothat’showwecametodrivealongthewi