英語時態(tài)語態(tài)課件

EnglishtenseandvoicePPTcoursewarecontents目錄OverviewofEnglishTensePresenttensePasttenseFuturetenseOverviewofVoiceTheComprehensiveApplicationofSenseandVoice01OverviewofEnglishTenseSenseDefinitionThetenseofaverbindicatesthetimeatwhichanactionoreventoccursIthelpsustodescribeeventsthathappenedinthepast,present,orfutureLastSimpleTenseUsedtotalkabouteventsthathappenedinthepastFutureSimpleTenseUsedtotalkabouteventsthatwillhappeninthefuturePresentSimpleTenseUsedtotalkaboutgeneraltruths,hats,andsituationscurrentlytrueDefinitionofTenseSimpleTensesTheseincludethePresentSimple,PastSimple,andFutureSimpletensionsTheyarethemostbasicformoftheverbandindicateonespecificpointintimeContinuousTensesTheseincludethePresentContinuous,PastContinuous,andFutureContinuoustensionsTheyareusedtoshowanactionthatisongoiorthathasbeenongoiuptoaspecificpointintimePerfectTensesTheseincludethePresentPerfect,PastPerfect,andFuturePerfecttensesTheyareusedtoshowanactionthathashappenedbeforeanotheractionoratsomedefinetimeinthepastorfutureThetypesoftensionsWeusethepresenttensetotalkaboutactionsandeventsthatarehappeningnoworthataregenerallytruePresentTenseWeusethepasttensetotalkaboutactionsandeventsthathappenedataspecifictimeinthepastorthathavebeencompletedPastTenseWeusethefuturetensetotalkaboutactionsandeventsthatwillhappenataspecifictimeinthefutureorthathasnotyethappenedFutureTenseTheUsageofTense02PresenttensePresentcontinuoustenseSummary:ThepresentcontinuoustenseisusedtoexpressactionsthatareongoingortemporaryinthepresenttimeDescription:Thistenseisformedbyusingthepresentationformoftheverb"tobe"(am,is,are)withthe-ingformofthemainverbExample:"IamstudyingEnglish"Usage:Itiscommonlyusedtodescribetemporarysituations,actionshappeningrightnow,oractionsthatareongoinginthepresentationtimeContrastwithothertensions:ThepresentcontinuoustenseisoftenusedtocontrastwiththesimplepresenttensewhenreferringtotemporarysituationsoractionshappeningatthesametimeasthesituationPresentperfecttenseSummary:ThepresentperfecttenseisusedtoexpressactionsthathavebeencompletedinthepastandhaverelevancetothepresenttimeDescription:Thistenseisformedbyusingthepresentationformoftheverb"tohave"withthepastparticleofthemainverbExample:"IhavestudiedEnglish"Usage:ItiscommonlyusedtodescribeactionsthathappenedatsomepointinthepastandhaverelevanceorconnectiontothepresentationtimeContrastwithothertensions:ThepresentperfecttensecontrastswiththesimplepasttensewhenreferringtoactionsthatareseenasongoingorincompleteinthepastPresentperfectcontinuoustenseSummary:ThepresentperfectcontinuoustenseisusedtoexpressactionsthathavebeenongoinginthepastandhaverelevancetothepresenttimeDescription:Thistenseisformedbyusingthepresentationformoftheverb"tohave"withthe-ingformofthemainverbExample:"IhavebeenstudyingEnglish"Usage:Itiscommonlyusedtodescribeactionsthatstartedinthepast,arestillongoing,andhaverelevanceorconnectiontothepresentationtimeContrastwithothertensions:ThepresentperfectcontinuoustensecontrastswiththesimplepastcontinuoustensewhenreferringtoactionsthatareseenasongoingorincompleteinthepastbuthaverelevancetothepresenttimeItalsocontrastswiththepresentperfecttensewhenreferringtoactionsthatareseenasongoiorongoiinnature03PasttenseIndicatesanactionorstatethatwastakingplaceatacertaintimeinthepast.IwasreadingabookwhenmyfriendcalledPastcontinuoustenseExamplesentenceDefinitionDefinitionReferstoanactionorstatethathasbeencompletedbeforeacertaintimeinthepast.ExamplesentenceIhavefinishedmyhomebeforemymomcamerahomePastperfecttenseReferstoanactionorstatethathasbeenongoinguntilacertaintimeinthepast.DefinitionBythetimeIarrived,theyhadbeenwaitingformeforoveranhourExamplesentencePastperfectcontinuoustense04FuturetenseIndicatesanactionthatiscurrentlytakingplaceatacertaintimeinthefuture.ThefuturecontinuoustenseisusedtoexpressanactionthatwillbeongoingataspecificpointinthefutureItisformedbyusingthe"willbe"+-ingformoftheverbForexample,"IwillbestudyingEnglishnextyear"meansthattheactionofstudyingEnglishwillbeongoingduringthenextyearFuturecontinuoustenseIndicatesanactionthathasbeencompletedbeforeacertainpointinthefuture.ThefutureperfecttenseisusedtoexpressanactionthatwillbecompletedbeforeaspecificpointinthefutureItisformedbyusingthe"willhave"+-edformoftheverbForexample,"Iwillhavefinishedmyhomebynextweek"meansthattheactionoffinishingthehomewillbecompletedbynextweekFutureperfectIndicatesanactionbeingtakenbeforeacertainpointinthefuture.ThefutureperfectprogressivetenseisusedtoexpressanactionthatwillbeongoingataspecificpointinthefutureandwillhavebeencompletedbeforethatpointItisformedbyusingthe"willhavebeen"+-ingformoftheverbForexample,"IwillhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortwoyearsbynextyear"meansthattheactionofstudyingEnglishwillhavebeenongingfortwoyearsbynextyearandwillstillbeongingFutureperfectprogressive05OverviewofVoiceDefinitionPassivevoiceisthevoicethatrepresentsthereceiverofanaction,emphasizingthereceiveroftheactionratherthantheexecutor.Formbeverb(am/is/are/was/were)+pastparticiple.UsageUsepassivevoicewhenunsureoftheactionexecutororwhenthereisnoneedtoemphasizetheactionexecutor.Forexample,"Thebookwaswrittenbytheauthor."PassivevoiceFormsubject+predicate+object.UsageUseactivevoicewhenemphasizingtheactionexecutor.Forexample,"Theauthorwrotethebook."DefinitionTheactivevoiceisthevoicethatrepresentstheexecutorofanaction,emphasizingtheexecutoroftheaction.ActivevoiceSubjunctiveMoodUsesubjunctivemoodwhenexpressinghypotheses,wishes,orvirtualsituations.Forexample,"IfIwereyou,Iwouldmakeadifferentchoice."UsageThesubjunctivemoodisavoicethatexpressesassumptions,wishes,orvirtualsituations.DefinitionDifferentformsofverbprototype,pasttense,orpastparticiple.Form06TheComprehensiveApplicationofSenseandVoiceSimplePresentTenseThistenseisusedtoexpressanactionthatoccursrepeatedlyorhabituallyItisalsousedtoexpressgeneraltruthsanduniversalfactsFutureTenseThistenseisusedtoexpressanactionthatwilloccurinthefutureItisformedbyadding"will"or"shall"tothepresenttenseoftheverbTheConversionofSenseandVoicePassiveVoiceThep