2022高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)Module2TrafficJam學(xué)案必修4

Module2TrafficJam一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會(huì)認(rèn)就行(背誦時(shí)遮住右側(cè)漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對(duì)詞義)1．trolleybusn． 電車2．wiren. 電線3．cabn. 出租汽車，計(jì)程車4．pedalvt.&vi. 5．double-deckern. 雙層公共汽車(二)背重點(diǎn)單詞——寫對(duì)才行1．displayvt. 展示；陳列2．receiptn. 收據(jù)3．faren. 車費(fèi)4．destinationn. 目的地；終點(diǎn)5．routen. 路線6．providevt. 提供7．blowvt. 吹響(樂器，號(hào)角等)8．singlen. 單程票9．returnn. 往返票(三)背拓展單詞——用準(zhǔn)才行1．suburbn．郊區(qū)→suburbanadj.郊區(qū)的；市郊的2．permitn．執(zhí)照；許可證v.允許→permissionn．許可；準(zhǔn)許3．limitvt.&n．限制→limitedadj.有限的→unlimitedadj.無限的→limitlessadj4．impressvt.給……留下深刻印象→impressiveadj.給人印象深刻的→impressionn．印象→impressedadj.印象深刻的5．convenientadj.方便的→conveniencen．方便；便利→convenientlyadv.方便地6．explorevt.探索→explorern．探索者→explorationn．探索7．reactvi.反應(yīng)→reactionn．反應(yīng)8．solvevt.解決；解答→solutionn．解答；答案9．moodn．心情；心境→moodyadj.喜怒無常的10．registervi.登記；記錄→registrationn．執(zhí)照；登記[語境活用]1．Thewisejobseekerexplorestheplacethedaybefore,becausetheexplorationcanmakehimknowsomethingnecessaryaheadoftime.(explore)2．Theaudiencereactedreadilytohisspeechandhewasfairlygladtoseethereaction.(react)3．Bobismoody,_soI'minnomoodtotalkwithhimaboutthebusiness.(mood)4．WhenaskedabouthisimpressionofBeijing,hesaidthathewasdeeplyimpressedbyitsuniquehumanlandscape,andthatthePalaceMuseumwasthemost5．Youcanetoseemeatyourconvenience,_andIwillserveasguidetoexplorethemountain,whichmaybeconvenientlyclimbedfromthisside.(convenient)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對(duì)不行1．permitn．執(zhí)照；許可證；通行證vt.允許；許可；準(zhǔn)許背詞條用法(1)permitdoingsth.允許做某事permitsb.(todo)sth.允許某人(做)某事(2)weather/timepermitting＝ifweather/timepermits天氣/時(shí)間允許的話(3)askforpermission請(qǐng)求許可withoutpermission未經(jīng)許可背寫作佳句①Iftimepermits,wearegoingtohelpthemdosomecleaning.→Timepermitting,wearegoingtohelpthemdosomecleaning.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))如果時(shí)間允許，我們打算幫他們打掃衛(wèi)生。②(2019·北京高考)Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-friendly.在父親的允許下，她花了接下來的兩年時(shí)間在網(wǎng)上搜索并進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，以得到既美味又利于牙齒的食譜。2．limitvt.限制；限定n．限制；(常作復(fù)數(shù))范圍；界限背詞條用法(1)limit...to...把……限定在……范圍內(nèi)(2)setalimittosth.對(duì)……限定范圍withinthelimitsof在……范圍內(nèi)beyondthelimit超過限度；超越極限(3)limitlesspossibility無限的可能背寫作佳句①(2019·北京高考)Withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.憑借她的天賦和決心，愛麗絲·穆爾似乎前途無量。②Webelievethatyouwillgobeyondthelimitandgobeyondyourselves.我們相信，你們將超越極限、超越自己。3．convenientadj.方便的；便利的背詞條用法(1)Itis/wasconvenientforsb.todosth.對(duì)于某人來說做某事是方便的sth.beconvenientfor/tosb.某物對(duì)某人來說是方便的(2)atone'sconvenience在某人方便的時(shí)候forconvenience為了方便起見forone'sconvenience為了某人方便背寫作佳句①Ifitisconvenientforyou,let'smeetat8：30amoutsidetheschoolgate.如果你方便的話，我們上午8：30在學(xué)校門口外面見面。②(2020·5月天津高考)ItallowsmetolearnEnglishmoreconvenientlyandmoreefficiently.它讓我學(xué)習(xí)英語更方便，更有效率。(五)背短語詞塊——表達(dá)出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認(rèn)再現(xiàn)1．be_connected_to 與……相連2．be/get_stuck_in 被困在……3．in_no_time 馬上；一會(huì)兒；立刻4．get_around 到處旅行；四處走動(dòng)5．under_construction 正在建設(shè)之中6．switch_off 關(guān)上(電燈、電視等)；斷掉(電源)7．keep_cool_ 保持冷靜8．react_to 對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)9．in_a_good_mood 情緒、心情好10．no_way (俚語)肯定不；沒門兒11．have_a_good_view_of 清楚地看到eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點(diǎn)短語拓展用活1．innotime馬上；一會(huì)兒；立刻背相關(guān)短語intime及時(shí)；終于；遲早ontime按時(shí)；準(zhǔn)時(shí)atatime每次；一次atonetime曾經(jīng)；一度attimes有時(shí)；間或atthesametime同時(shí)atanytime隨時(shí)；任何時(shí)候atnotime在任何時(shí)候都不；決不(位于句首要倒裝)背寫作佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)Weallwantit...toacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.我們都希望……接受和愛自己。但有時(shí)這似乎太困難，太遙不可及。②(2020·全國卷Ⅱ)Itisreportedthatabouthalfofthechildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.據(jù)報(bào)道大約有一半的孩子曾經(jīng)玩過拼圖游戲。③Luckily,Iadaptedtothenewsurroundingsandeverythingreturnedtonormalinnotime.幸運(yùn)的是，我適應(yīng)了新的環(huán)境，一切很快就恢復(fù)了正常。2．getaround到處旅行；四處走動(dòng)；(消息等)傳播開來；說服；回避；克服(困難)背相關(guān)短語get(sth.)across(tosb.)將(想法、信息等)傳達(dá)(給某人)；使理解getalong/onwith進(jìn)展；與……相處getdownto(doing)sth.開始認(rèn)真/著手做某事getover克服(困難)；解決(問題)getthrough通過(考試)；完成(工作或任務(wù))；打通()；度過，熬過(困難時(shí)期等)gettogether聚會(huì)，相聚背寫作佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅲ)Thebesthousewarmingpartiesencourageoldfriendstogettogether,havingachatfreely.最好的喬遷聚會(huì)是鼓勵(lì)老朋友聚一聚，無拘束地聊聊天。②(2020·浙江高考)Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright(劇作家)hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.每部戲劇都有一個(gè)劇作家希望通過對(duì)話和行動(dòng)來表達(dá)的主題或中心思想。③Ifwecangetoverourpresentdifficulties,theneverythingshouldbeallright.如果我們能克服現(xiàn)在的困難，那么一切都會(huì)好起來。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內(nèi)句式舉一反三1．Simplyraiseyourhand,andataxiappearsinnotime.(祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句)只要你招招手，馬上就會(huì)有出租車開過來。佳句①(2018·北京高考書面表達(dá))LearnsomebasicChinesebeforeyoue,andyouwilladjustyourselftothelifehereinBeijingsoon.來之前先學(xué)一些基本的中文，你會(huì)很快適應(yīng)北京的生活的。佳句②Whenevermeetingwithtrouble,dadalwayssays:“Useyourhead,andthenyouwillfindaway”．每當(dāng)遇到困難，爸爸總是說：“動(dòng)動(dòng)腦子，你就會(huì)找到辦法?！?．It'sagoodideatohaveyourdestinationwritteninChinese.(“have＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”的用法)把你的目的地用漢語寫出來是一個(gè)不錯(cuò)的主意。佳句①Don'tworry,I'llhaveTomhelpyoufinishthework.別擔(dān)心。我會(huì)讓湯姆幫你完成這項(xiàng)工作。佳句②HehopedtofindagoodwaytohavehiswrittenEnglishimprovedinashortperiod.他希望找到一種短時(shí)間內(nèi)提高英語寫作水平的好方法。3．Youshouldnotonlylistentotheteacher'sandyourclassmates'pronunciation,butalsototapesandbroadcasting.(notonly...butalso...句型)你不但應(yīng)該聽老師和同學(xué)們的發(fā)音，而且還要聽錄音帶和廣播。佳句①(2019·全國卷Ⅰ書面表達(dá))Additionally,notonlyhaveIoncestudiedWesternpaintingsbutIalsohaveagoodknowledgeofChinesepaintings,whichsurelyisveryessentialforthisposition.另外，我不僅學(xué)習(xí)過西方繪畫，而且對(duì)中國畫也有一定的了解，這對(duì)于這個(gè)職位來說是非常必要的。佳句②Theyarenotonlyexperiencedandknowledgeable,butalsopatientandunderstanding.他們不僅經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富、知識(shí)淵博，而且耐心且善解人意。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Withtheimprovementofpeople'slivingconditions,moreandmorefamilieshavetheirowncars.隨著人們生活水平的提高，越來越多的家庭擁有了他們的私家車。2．Itisaimedatstoppingmontrafficviolationssuchasspeeding,runningaredlight,drunkdriving,drivingwithoutlicenseandsoon.其目的是阻止常見的交通違規(guī)，例如超速、闖紅燈、酒后駕車以及無證駕駛等。3．Inspiteofthelarge-scaleconstructionofroadsandhighways,thereisstillmuchroomforimprovement,becauseoftheeverincreasingnumberofcarsthesedays.盡管我們大規(guī)模地建設(shè)道路和高速公路，但是由于近年來日益增長(zhǎng)的汽車數(shù)量，對(duì)于這個(gè)問題還有很大的提升空間。(二)背滿分作文——好習(xí)作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學(xué)點(diǎn)——道歉信(三)[題目要求]假定你是李華，你在上一封信中邀請(qǐng)DrBrown參加你們的畢業(yè)晚會(huì)，但你告知他的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)是錯(cuò)誤的。請(qǐng)給DrBrown寫一封道歉信，要點(diǎn)如下：1．為自己的失誤道歉；2．告知其正確的時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；3．希望DrBrown能來。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．開頭和結(jié)尾已為你寫好，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。DearDrBrown，Yours，LiHua[背范文]DearDrBrown，Iamterriblysorryformakingamistakeinmylastletter,inwhichIinvitedyoutoourgraduationparty.Duetomycarelessness,Iprovidedawrongtimeandlocation.I'mwritingtoapologizeforitandinformyouofthecorrectinformation.Thegraduationpartyisgoingtobeheldat7：30pmonJune30thintheschoollecturehall,whereweusuallyhavethestaffmeeting.Alltheparticipantsareadvisedtoarriveafewminutesearliersothatwecanstartontime.Sinceyouarethemostpopularforeignteacherinourschool,yourpresencewillbegreatlyappreciated.Wouldyoupleaseletmeknowwhetheryoucaneornot?Wewillbemorethandelightedifyoucansparesometimefromyourbusyschedule.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours，LiHua[學(xué)亮點(diǎn)]1．學(xué)高級(jí)表達(dá)(1)使用高級(jí)詞匯和語塊，如：terribly,dueto,inform...of...,participant,presence,morethandelighted等。(2)準(zhǔn)確運(yùn)用復(fù)雜句式結(jié)構(gòu)，如：非限制性定語從句inwhichIinvitedyoutoourgraduationparty和whereweusuallyhavethestaffmeeting；目的狀語從句sothatwecanstartontime；原因狀語從句Sinceyouarethemost...；賓語從句whetheryoucaneornot等。這些都為文章增色不少，值得體會(huì)和借鑒。2．學(xué)精彩結(jié)尾結(jié)尾用了書信的常用結(jié)尾Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.表達(dá)了對(duì)回復(fù)的期待心情。3．學(xué)過渡銜接考生恰當(dāng)使用了and,sothat,since等銜接詞，使文章富有條理性，語意連貫，上下文銜接自然。4．防微點(diǎn)失分考生容易因忽略被動(dòng)語態(tài)把“Thegraduationpartyisgoingtobeheldat7：30pmonJune30th...”中的tobeheld錯(cuò)誤地表達(dá)為tohold，或在“Alltheparticipantsareadvisedtoarriveafewminutesearlier...”中的arrive后多加介詞at/in，從而導(dǎo)致失分。學(xué)案(一)重點(diǎn)單詞的查漏補(bǔ)缺——打牢必備知識(shí)[全面練——練清易錯(cuò)微點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Letmegoshareswithyouinthetaxifare(車費(fèi)),foryouarenotthatrichanyway.2．Theweddingwasanimpressive(給人印象深刻的)affair,withmanyguestsing.3.Onhalfway,mycousinchangedhisroute(路線)andwenttoHangzhou.4.Tobehonest,hehasbeenlongingtoexplore(探索，追求)anotherlifeinHaikou.5.Allthesoldiersdashedtothefieldwhenthehornwas_blown(吹響).6．Theproblemcallsforimmediatesolution(解決),soyou'dbettertakesomemeasures.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加黑部分的漢語意思1．Allthingsconsidered,thenationalmoodreflectedhighconfidenceandoptimism.心情，情緒2．Itisbelievedthatmarriagewithoutregistrationwillnotberecognizedbythelaw.登記3．(熟詞生義)(2018·北京高考)TheCaliforniaDepartmentofMotorVehiclesbegangivingpermitsinAprilforpaniestotesttrulyself-drivingcarsonpublicroads.許可證4．(熟詞生義)(2018·江蘇高考)Nearly40percentofjazzloversliveoutsideoftheDallascitylimitsanddriveorflyintoenjoyaneveningintheBishopArtsDistrict.界限Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．It'samazingthatIhavejustheardaboutitthroughoneofmybusinessconnections(connect)．2．Thoughhedidn'twinthefirstprizeinthepetition,hegavetheaudienceanimpressive(impress)speech.3．Someofhisworksare_being_displayed(display)inthemuseumatpresent.Wouldyouliketogotherewithmetoenjoythem?4．Geophysicalexploration(explore)isarelativelynewareaoftechnology,whichhasdrawnmuchofhisinterest.5．Helookedatme,tryingtoestimatemyreaction(react)abouttheabruptresult.6．Inagoodmarriage,bothhusbandandwifeworkhardto_solve(solve)anyproblemsthatarise.名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)不同的費(fèi)用：fare“車、船費(fèi)”(carfare交通費(fèi)；passagemoney通行費(fèi))；fee“費(fèi)用，手續(xù)費(fèi)，學(xué)費(fèi)”；cost“代價(jià)，成本”；expense“消費(fèi)，開支，消費(fèi)”；charge“費(fèi)用，索價(jià)”。(2)不同的路線：route“路線，航線，途徑，渠道”；way“道路，方法”；path“道路，小路”；course“進(jìn)程，過程”；line“路線，航線；排”。(3)不同的追求：explore“探索，探測(cè)，探險(xiǎn)，追求”；pursue“追趕，糾纏，追求”；chase“追逐，追捕，追趕，奔跑”；goafter“追求，追逐”。(4)一詞多義：blowv．打擊，吹，吹起，刮風(fēng)；n.吹，猛擊，強(qiáng)風(fēng)。[重點(diǎn)練——深化高頻考點(diǎn)]1．permit[明其義]n．執(zhí)照；許可證；通行證vt.允許；許可；準(zhǔn)許[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Studentslivinginbuildingsthathavekitchensareonlypermittedto_cook(cook)inthekitchen.②Thereadingroomneverpermitstaking(take)booksout.③Noreferencebooksaretobetakenoutofthereadingroomwithoutpermission.(2)句式升級(jí)④We'llhaveapicnicinthewoods,ifweatherpermits.→We'llhaveapicnicinthewoods,weather_permitting.(獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu))如果天氣允許的話，我們將在樹林里野餐。[解其困]動(dòng)詞permit的常見用法：permitsb.todosth./permitdoingsth.，與permit用法類似的動(dòng)詞還有：①allowsb.todo/doing允許某人做②forbidsb.todo/doing禁止某人做③encouragesb.todo/doing鼓勵(lì)某人做④advisesb.todo/doing建議某人做2．limit[明其義]vt.限制；限定n．限制；(常作復(fù)數(shù))范圍；界限[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Inmyopinion,keepingdogsshouldn'tbebanned,butshouldbewithinthelimitofcertainareas.②Hewasborninapoorfamily,andonlyreceivedlimited(limit)educationinhischildhood.③Scientistshaveknownhowtousethelimitless(limit)powerofthesun.(2)補(bǔ)全句子④Inmyopinion,youhadbetterset_a_limit_totheexpenseofyourtrip.在我看來，你最好對(duì)旅游費(fèi)用設(shè)定個(gè)界限。3．convenient[明其義]adj.方便的；便利的[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Iwouldbeverygratefulifyoucouldinformmeofyourdecisionsatyourearliestconvenience.②Thesecretaryarrangedaconvenient(convenience)timeandplacefortheapplicantstohaveaninterview.③Studentsthinkitisextremelyconvenientforthemto_municate(municate)withtheoutsideworldusingmobilephones.(2)補(bǔ)全句子④(2020·1月浙江高考寫作)If_it_is_convenient_for_you,_IwanttoinviteyoutoparticipateintheChineseSpeechContestforforeignstudents.如果你方便的話，我想邀請(qǐng)你參加外國學(xué)生中文演講比賽。[解其困](1)convenient作表語時(shí)，不可用人作主語，而要用物作主語或用it作形式主語?！爱?dāng)你方便的時(shí)候”應(yīng)翻譯成whenitisconvenientforyou。(2)convenience意為“方便；便利”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞；表示“便利的事物；便利設(shè)施”時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞。學(xué)案(二)詞塊、句式的活學(xué)活用——強(qiáng)化關(guān)鍵能力[詞塊的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)]Ⅰ.詞塊點(diǎn)點(diǎn)練——選詞填空beconvenientfor，innotime，underconstruction，getstuckin，haveagoodviewof，inagoodmood，switchoff，getaround，keepcool，beconnectedto1.Receivingthereportthattheplanecrashed,thegovernmenttookmeasuresin_no_time.2．Pleaseswitch_offallthelightswhenyouleavetheclassroom.3.Ournewschoollibraryisunder_constructionanditwillhavebeenpletedbytheendofnextyear.4．Icouldhavebeenontimeforthemeeting,butIgot_stuck_intheheavyrainontheway.5．Whatmadetheoldmanexcitedwasthathecouldget_aroundagainaftertheoperation.6．Theychattedalotonthephoneandhelpedthegirlgetthroughtheawfuldaysandalwaysputherin_a_good_mood.7.Severalyearsago,peoplewouldneverimaginethateventhephonewillbe_connected_totheinternet.8．LiHuasatinthefrontofthebus,sohehad_a_good_view_of_thestreet.9．Whateverhappens,youshouldkeepyourheadcool.10.Willitbe_convenient_foryoutwotogowithmetomeethimattheairport?名師點(diǎn)撥“一站清”(1)innotime意為“馬上；一會(huì)兒；立刻”，而atnotime的意思是“在任何時(shí)候都不；決不(位于句首要倒裝)”，注意不要混淆了。(2)underconstruction“在建設(shè)中”，其他“under＋名詞”構(gòu)成的短語還有：underattack受到進(jìn)攻；underconsideration在考慮中；underexamination在檢查中；underrepair在修理中；underdiscussion在討論中。(3)beconnectedto“與……相連”，其他表示“聯(lián)系，關(guān)系”的短語還有：keepintouchwith與某人保持聯(lián)系；incontactwith接觸，與……有聯(lián)系；connectwith與……聯(lián)系、連接；beconcernedin/with與……有關(guān)；inrelationto關(guān)于；涉及。(4)對(duì)于convenient的短語，同學(xué)們要注意英語和漢語的跨文化意識(shí)：我們漢語中經(jīng)常說“您方便嗎？”但是，英語中千萬別說“Areyouconvenient？”Ⅱ.易錯(cuò)對(duì)對(duì)碰——辨析比較1．switchoffVSturnoffVSkeepoffVSputoff比較①“Switch_offtheputerandgettobed，”Iyell,asIgetreadytoturn_offmyownbedroomlight.②Imanagedtosticktothedietandkeep_off_sweetfoods,soIcankeepmyselfinshape.③Thesportsmeetinghasbeenput_offuntiltomorrowduetobadweather.辨清注意含同一介詞的不同短語的含義：switchoff關(guān)閉(電源、電視等);turnoff關(guān)閉(燈、收音機(jī)等)；keepoff(使)不接近，擋住；putoff推遲，延遲。2．a(chǎn)tatimeVSatonetime比較①At_one_time,_walkingacrosstheroomtookallherstrength.②Iwasunabletokeepfocusedformorethananhourat_a_time.辨清atatime每次；一次；atonetime曾經(jīng)；一度。Ⅲ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中g(shù)etaround的含義)①It'shardtogetaroundinsomeforeigncitiesifyoudon'tknowthelanguage.到處旅行②Wecangetaroundtheproblemofspacebybuildinganextension.克服③She'stryingtogetaroundherfathertobuyheranewcar.說服④Thenewssoongotaroundthatseveralpeoplehadbeenarrestedforsellingfakes.傳播開來⑤Youcan'tgetaroundthefactthatthepricewasperfectlyfairandreasonable.回避[句式的驗(yàn)收盤點(diǎn)](一)have＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語[通其用]補(bǔ)全句子①Canyou_have_your_homework_pletedbefore6pm?Ifso,Icantakeyoutotheparty.你能在下午6點(diǎn)之前完成家庭作業(yè)嗎？如果是這樣的話，我可以帶你去參加聚會(huì)。②Theteacherwho_has_his_students_keeping_practisingisactuallyagoodone.讓他的學(xué)生們堅(jiān)持練習(xí)的老師實(shí)際上是位好老師。③Asamatteroffact,thestudentsinuniversitynowadayshave_a_lot_of_tasks_to_do.事實(shí)上，現(xiàn)在的大學(xué)生有許多任務(wù)需要去做。[解其困](1)havesth.done使某事完成；遭遇某種(不幸的)事情；讓別人做某事(2)havesb.dosth.讓某人做某事(3)havesb.doingsth.允許某人做某事(常用于否定句中)；使某人一直做某事(多用于肯定句中)(4)havesth.todo有某事要做(主語自己做)(5)havesth.tobedone有某事要做(不是主語自己做)(二)notonly...butalso...[通其用]1．單句語法填空①Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheirteacherlikes(like)playingfootball.2．補(bǔ)全句子②Bydoingso,Icannot_only_share_good_ideas_with_others_but_alsolearntoexpressmyselfclearly.通過這種做法，我不僅能和他人分享好的想法，而且還學(xué)會(huì)了清楚地表達(dá)自己的思想。③Notonlyshould_we_raise_moneyforthem,butalsoweshouldhelpthemrebuildtheirhome.我們不僅應(yīng)該為他們籌集資金，而且應(yīng)該幫助他們重建家園。[解其困](1)notonly...butalso...用于連接兩個(gè)表示并列關(guān)系的成分，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)后者，意為“不僅……而且……”；其中的also有時(shí)可以省略。(2)若連接兩個(gè)句子，且notonly位于句首時(shí)，notonly后面的句子要用部分倒裝。(3)若連接的兩個(gè)成分作主語，其謂語的單復(fù)數(shù)通常與butalso后的主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。(4)連接并列主語，謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用就近一致原則的還有：not...but;or...;whether...or...;neither...nor;either...or...例如：Inmyopinion,notyoubutheisresponsiblefortheaccident.學(xué)案(三)高考語篇的價(jià)值發(fā)掘——提升學(xué)科素養(yǎng)2020浙江7月高考·閱讀理解B篇——對(duì)接課標(biāo)主題：社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問題(一)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請(qǐng)注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon'tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.At9：30am,thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9：33am,aburstofadditional①trafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9：37amcouldpushitdownto135.Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignals[2]That②isbydesign.Bellevue,afast-growingcityjusteastofSeattle,usesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS:intersection(十字路口)signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights,knownasadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.[3]“Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed③，”saysAlexStevanovic,aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.[4]ForallofBellevue'ssuccess,adaptivesignalsarenotacure-all④forjammedroadways.KevinBalke,aresearchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute,saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities,othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.“It'snotgoingtofixeverything,butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmallercities，”hesays.[5]InBellevue,theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelingnewapproaches.Inthepast,therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic:justwidentheroads,saysMarkPoch,theBellevueTransportationDepartment'strafficengineeringmanager.eq\o(Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsider,\s\do4(1))makingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjustmakingthembigger.［析微點(diǎn)·厚積語言基礎(chǔ)］①構(gòu)詞法——n.＋-al→adj.詞源：additionn．增加；添加addition＋-al→additionaladj.額外的②微技法——代詞指代題的解題技巧：在做代詞指代題時(shí)，首先需分析上下文，確定代詞所指對(duì)象、代詞指代的數(shù)。在認(rèn)真閱讀、理解文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)上尋找代詞的指代范圍。在做第25題時(shí)，首先觀察that位置，它位于段首，起到承上啟下的作用，所以要關(guān)注第一段段尾敘述的內(nèi)容。③微積累——熟詞生義：addressn．地址(熟義)v．解決(生義)④微積累——閱讀詞匯cure-alln．萬靈藥；靈丹妙藥通句式——句子(1)中that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，considerdoingsth.意為“考慮做某事”；makingtheirstreetsrunsmarter使用了“make＋賓語＋賓語補(bǔ)足語”結(jié)構(gòu)。[理脈絡(luò)——內(nèi)化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]25．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A．Increasedlengthofgreenlights.B．Theshortenedtrafficsignalcycle.C．Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals.D．Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.解析：選C代詞指代題。根據(jù)文章第一段的內(nèi)容可以推知，that指代第一段中的多變的交通信號(hào)燈時(shí)間，故選C項(xiàng)。26．WhatdoesKevinBalkesayaboutadaptivesignals?A．Theyworkbetteronbroadroads.B．Theyshouldbeusedinothercities.C．Theyhavegreatlyreducedtrafficontheroad.D．Theyarelesshelpfulincitiesseriouslyjammed.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“othersaresojammedthatonly...It'snotgoingtofixeverything,butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmallercities”可知，KevinBalke認(rèn)為可調(diào)節(jié)式的交通信號(hào)燈對(duì)小城市的交通改善是有用的，但對(duì)交通極度擁堵的城市而言，作用并不是非常大，故選D項(xiàng)。27．WhatcanwelearnfromBellevue'ssuccess?A．Itisrewardingtotrynewthings.B．Theoldmethodsstillworktoday.C．Itpaystoputtheoryintopractice.D．Thesimplestwayisthebestway.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelingnewapproaches”可推知，從Bellevue裝可調(diào)節(jié)式交通信號(hào)燈一事上不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，它的成功在于積極嘗試新事物，故選A項(xiàng)。[為什么考·有何價(jià)值——導(dǎo)向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質(zhì)文中第27題主要考查學(xué)生的邏輯性思維。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelingnewapproaches”可推知，從貝爾維尤使用智能交通信號(hào)燈一事可以得知貝爾維尤勇于嘗試新的方法，所以它的成功在于積極嘗試新事物，故選A項(xiàng)。二、聚焦核心價(jià)值本文是一篇說明文，文章介紹了美國華盛頓州的貝爾維尤使用智能交通信號(hào)燈的情況，這種智能交通信號(hào)燈對(duì)該市的交通狀況有顯著的改善作用，但是對(duì)于交通十分擁堵的城市來說作用不大。貝爾維尤積極嘗試新事物的做法給我們的啟示：可以用新的方法解決長(zhǎng)期存在的問題，嘗試新的事物是值得的。文章倡導(dǎo)和弘揚(yáng)科學(xué)創(chuàng)新精神，以此來鼓勵(lì)和激發(fā)學(xué)生的科學(xué)探索和創(chuàng)新意識(shí)。(三)借力真題——發(fā)掘?qū)W習(xí)能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thegovernmentprovidedanadditional(addition)$25milliontoexpandtheservice.2．Hisbookshavegainedinpopularity(popular)inrecentyears.3．Inthenewsurroundings，youshouldlearntobemoreadaptive(adapt)．4．Weneedtotakeadifferentapproachtotheproblem.5．Hewasn'tsovainastothinkhewassmarter(smart)thanhisboss.Ⅱ.補(bǔ)全句子1．Thisisnotanaccident,butrather,by_design(精心設(shè)計(jì)的)．2．Iwantedtomake_a_difference_to(對(duì)……有影響)theworldsomehow,butIhadnoideahowtodothat.3．Familiesandfriendscanbenefit_from(從……中受益)supportgroupsofferedbytheseorganizations.Ⅲ.分析長(zhǎng)難句Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed.[句式解構(gòu)]本句是一個(gè)主從復(fù)合句。主句的主語是Adaptivesignals，謂語動(dòng)詞是canmakesure。其中第一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，第二個(gè)that引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾thetrafficdemand。[句意翻譯]自動(dòng)適應(yīng)信號(hào)可以確?，F(xiàn)有的交通需求得到滿足。Ⅳ.主題語境寫作一天，你坐車去上學(xué)時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)你們城市交通擁堵現(xiàn)象有了極大的改善，原來是政府部門專門推出了一款新型交通指揮系統(tǒng)，請(qǐng)你就此情景寫一篇小短文。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：OnMondaymorning,Iwenttoschoolbybusasusual.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatthetrafficinourcityhadgreatlyimproved.Therewerefewtrafficjamshere.Thepassengersnexttometoldmethatitwasallbecauseofthegovernment'seffortthatwehadanewtypeofthetrafficsystem.Igottoschoolinnomorethan20minutes,whichsavedmemorethantenminutesthanusual.Feelingrelaxedandhappy,Iwentintotheschoolgateandgotreadyformyclass.課下主題訓(xùn)練社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問題Ⅰ.閱讀理解Twodeerjumpedoutinfrontof16-year-oldAmandaFloyd'scar.Sheputonthebrake,stoppingthecarjustintime.Butlater,shestartedtexting.Distracted,Amandaturnedleftandright,thencrashedintoanothercar.Luckily,shewasn'tinarealcar—shewasinadrivingsimulator(模擬器)atRooseveltHighSchool,Ohio,US.“Ineverreallyrealizedthatcarsmakeaturnthatmuch，”Amanda,ajunior,said.Sheaddedthatshewouldn'ttextwhiledrivinganymore.TheOhioDepartmentofTransportation(ODOT)andOhioStateHighwayPatrolbroughtthesimulatortotheschool.Theysaidtheywantedtohelpstudentslearnaboutthedangerofdrivingwhiledrunk,texting,ortalkingonthephone.AccordingtotheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration,distracteddrivingclaimed3,450livesin2020alone.Expertsbelievetheactualfigureisprobablyhigher.Thesimulatorisbasicallyaputerprogram.Likemanyputergames,itwasahitwiththestudents.Theylinedupandcrowdedaroundtowatcheachothertaketurns.Thesimulatorhasasteeringwheel(方向盤),brakeandgaspedal(油門).Itismadeupofthreelargeputerscreensonatable.Studentschooseadistraction,suchasdrivingwhiledrunkortexting.Theyalwayscrash,ofcourse.Then,theyarepulledoverbythepolicetobetaughtthebadresultsoftheirdriving:howmuchdamagethey'vecaused,whattheirfineis,ifanyonediedintheaccident,andifthey'regoingtogotoprison.“Itteacheshowtodrivewithoutbeingontheroad，”saidShanteThompson,16.Shehadjustcrashedintoadeer.ODOTspokesmanJustinChesnicsaidhundredsofkidshavegonebehindthewheelsofar.Hesaidevenmorehavebenefitedfromwatchingtheirclassmates.“Drivingissuchamajorresponsibility,sotakeitseriously，”hesaid.“Putawayyourcellphone.Alotoftheaccidentsouttherearebecauseofdistracteddriving.Itcannotonlychangeyourlife,butchangesomeoneelse'slifeforever.Theresultsareserious.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)駕駛模擬器，學(xué)生通過操作這個(gè)駕駛模擬器可以增強(qiáng)交通安全意識(shí)。1．WhatdoestheauthorintendtodoinParagraph1?A．Introducethetopicofthetext.B．Illustratetheauthor'spointofview.C．Providesomeadviceforthereaders.D．Offersomebackgroundinformation.解析：選A寫作意圖題。閱讀全文可知，文章第一段講述了一個(gè)事例，然后通過這個(gè)事例引出了本文的話題，即drivingsimulator。由此可推知，作者寫第一段的目的是引出文章的主題。2．WhyisthedrivingsimulatorprojectintroducedtoRooseveltA．Itteststhestudents'abilitytostayfocused.B．Itgetsstudentstohavefunbetweenclasses.C．Itteachesstudentshowtodealwithtrafficaccidents.D．Itmakesstudentsawareofthedangersofdistracteddriving.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句可知，他們想要幫助學(xué)生們了解駕車時(shí)醉酒、發(fā)短信或者打的危害，故選D。3．Whatcanweknowaboutthedrivingsimulator?A．Itisconnectedtothelocalpolicestation.B．Itisarealcarbuthaslargeputerscreens.C．Itattractsthestudents'interestasaputerprogram.D．Itbenefitsthestudentswhouseitmorethanthosewhoonlywatch.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的描述，尤其是第一句和第二句可知，這個(gè)駕駛模擬器實(shí)質(zhì)上是一個(gè)電腦程序，和許多電腦游戲一樣，它很受學(xué)生們的歡迎，引起了學(xué)生們的興趣，故選C。4．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．TrafficrulesinOhio,US.B．Dangersofdistracteddriving.C．Simulateddrivingforstudents.D．Advantagesofputergames.解析：選C主旨大意題。閱讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了一個(gè)駕駛模擬器，學(xué)生通過操作它可以增強(qiáng)交通安全意識(shí)，故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空SurvivalintheAndesOnOctober13,1972,asmallplaneflyingtoChileaccidentallycrashedintoamountainintheAndes.Howsomeofthepassengers__1__toliveisoneofthegreatestsurvivalstoriesevertold.Thesurvivors__2__insidetheremainsoftheplane,usingseatcoversforblankets,andwaitedfora__3__thatnevercame.Daysturnedintoweeks.Itwasurgenttofindawayto__4__.Threeofthepassengers—Canessa,Parrado,andVizintin—volunteeredto__5__throughthemountainstosearchforhelp.Whentheyleft,eachmanworesimilarclothes:threepairsofsocks,aplasticbag__6__eachfoottokeepthewaterout,boots,fourpairsoftrousers,andfoursweaters.Manyoftheclothescamefromthosewhohaddiedinthecrash.Thethreemen__7__thattheywouldsurviveandbringbackhelp.Forpartofthefirstday,theyweregladtomakesome__8__.Butasthelandandweatherchanged,climbingbecame__9__.Afterseveraldays,theyreachedwhattheythoughtwasthetop.Theyhad__10__thismomentfordays.Ontheothersideofthetop,theyhoped,wouldbea__11__leadingdownandoutofthemountains.However,theysawthesamesnow-coveredtops.Allhopewasn't__12__.Althoughtheywerestillinthemiddleofthemountains,Parrado__13__twolowtopsfarawaythatdidn'thavesnow.Iftheycouldgetthere,theywouldbeoutoftheAndes.Withinthefollowingdaystheywalkedtowardthetwolowtops.Littlebylittle,thelandscapebegantochange.Snow__14__pletely,andflowerswereeverywhere.“Thisisthevalley，”Canessasaid.“Thisistheway__15__.”Thenthingsofhumanitystartedtoappear—afewcansontheground,somefarmanimalsinafield.ByDecember21,theextremely__16__menmadeittothetownofLosMaitenes,andarescueteamwassentimmediatelyto__17__forthesurvivorswhowerestillhighintheAndes.Finallyalloftheremainingsurvivorswere__18__.ThememoriesofthecrashintheAndeswouldbewiththefriendsforever,butfornow,theirterrible__19__wasover.Theyhadmadeitout—__20__.語篇解讀：本文為一篇記敘文。文章講述了飛機(jī)失事后幸存者們等不來救援隊(duì)伍，其中三人主動(dòng)尋找逃生出路，最終所有人得救的故事。1．A.learned B．managedC．decided D．expected解析：選B飛機(jī)撞向安第斯山脈后，一些人能夠成功存活的故事是一直以來最棒的逃生故事之一，managetodosth.“成功做成某事”，故選B。2．A.stayed B．lookedC．turned D．reached解析：選A根據(jù)后文提到幸存者用飛機(jī)座椅的套子當(dāng)作毛毯取暖可知，他們一開始待在飛機(jī)的殘骸里等待救援，故選A。3．A.present B．dangerC．message D．rescue解析：選D通過前文可知，幸存者們一開始留在飛機(jī)的殘骸里面，等待救援。故選D。4．A.prepare B．continueC．escape D．develop解析：選C找到一條逃生的路非常緊急。escape“逃離”，故選C項(xiàng)。5．A.journey B．pareC．measure D．expand解析：選A三位乘客自愿啟程穿越山脈尋求幫助。journey“啟程”，故選A。6．A.against B．underC．beside D．a(chǎn)round解析：選D根據(jù)語境可知，三個(gè)人離開的時(shí)候?yàn)榱吮Ｅ┝撕芏鄬右路?，三雙襪子，每只腳上還套了塑料袋來防水，around“在……周圍”，故選D。