2025屆全國(guó)高考真題模擬英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練：閱讀理解D（附答案）

2025屆全國(guó)高考真題模擬英語(yǔ)專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練：閱讀理解D篇一、閱讀理解（2024·浙江·高考真題試卷）TheStanfordmarshmallow(棉花糖)testwasoriginallyconductedbypsychologistWalterMischelinthelate1960s.Childrenagedfourtosixatanurseryschoolwereplacedinaroom.Asinglesugarytreat,selectedbythechild,wasplacedonatable.Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.Thentheywereleftaloneintheroom.Follow-upstudieswiththechildrenlaterinlifeshowedaconnectionbetweenanabilitytowaitlongenoughtoobtainasecondtreatandvariousformsofsuccess.Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We’renottemptedbysugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobaldeliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.Wearetemptedbysugarytreatsbecauseourancestorslivedinacalorie-poorworld,andourbrainsdevelopedaresponsemechanismtothesetreatsthatreflectedtheirvalue—afeelingofrewardandsatisfaction.Butaswe’vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn’teat.Asimilarprocessisatworkinourresponsetoinformation.Ourformativeenvironmentasaspecieswasinformation-poor,soourbrainsdevelopedamechanismthatprizednewinformation.Butglobalconnectivityhasgreatlychangedourinformationenvironment.Wearenowceaselesslybombarded(轟炸)withnewinformation.Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood”inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.1．WhatdidthechildrenneedtodotogetasecondtreatinMischel’stest?A．Takeanexaminationalone. B．Sharetheirtreatswithothers.C．Delayeatingforfifteenminutes. D．Showrespectfortheresearchers.2．AccordingtoParagraph3,thereisamismatchbetween_______.A．thecalorie-poorworldandourgoodappetites B．theshortageofsugarandournutritionalneedsC．thetemptingfoodsandoureffortstokeepfit D．therichfoodsupplyandourunchangedbrains3．Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdo?A．Beselectiveinformationconsumers. B．Absorbnewinformationreadily.C．Usediverseinformationsources. D．Protecttheinformationenvironment.4．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．EatLess,ReadMore B．TheLater,theBetterC．TheMarshmallowTestforGrownups D．TheBitterTruthaboutEarlyHumans（2024·全國(guó)·高考真題試卷）IntheracetodocumentthespeciesonEarthbeforetheygoextinct,researchersandcitizenscientistshavecollectedbillionsofrecords.Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.Thoughtheyareusefulfordetectingshiftsinthenumberandvarietyofspeciesinanarea,anewStanfordstudyhasfoundthatthistypeofrecordisnotperfect.“Withtheriseoftechnologyitiseasyforpeopletomakeobservationsofdifferentspecieswiththeaidofamobileapplication,”saidBarnabasDaru,whoisleadauthorofthestudyandassistantprofessorofbiologyintheStanfordSchoolofHumanitiesandSciences.“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(標(biāo)本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?”Usingaglobaldatasetof1.9billionrecordsofplants,insects,birds,andanimals,Daruandhisteamtestedhowwellthesedatarepresentactualglobalbiodiversitypatterns.“Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.Theirstudyrevealedthatthelargenumberofobservation-onlyrecordsdidnotleadtobetterglobalcoverage.Moreover,thesedataarebiasedandfavorcertainregions,timeperiods,andspecies.Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.Thesedataarealsobiasedtowardcertainspecieswithattractiveoreye-catchingfeatures.Whatcanwedowiththeimperfectdatasetsofbiodiversity?“Quitealot,”Daruexplained.“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.”5．Whatdoweknowabouttherecordsofspeciescollectednow?A．Theyarebecomingoutdated. B．Theyaremostlyinelectronicform.C．Theyarelimitedinnumber. D．Theyareusedforpublicexhibition.6．WhatdoesDaru’sstudyfocuson?A．Threatenedspecies. B．Physicalspecimens.C．Observationaldata. D．Mobileapplications.7．Whathasledtothebiasesaccordingtothestudy?A．Mistakesindataanalysis. B．Poorqualityofuploadedpictures.C．Improperwayofsampling. D．Unreliabledatacollectiondevices.8．WhatisDaru’ssuggestionforbiodiversityapps?A．Reviewdatafromcertainareas. B．Hireexpertstochecktherecords.C．Confirmtheidentityoftheusers. D．Giveguidancetocitizenscientists.（2024·全國(guó)·高考真題試卷）GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(變革).Inthewronghands,suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代碼)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.AswesooncometolearnfromAIbyDesign,AIisalreadysuper-smartandwillbecomemorecapable,movingfromthecurrentgenerationof“narrow-AI”toArtificialGeneralIntelligence.Fromthere,Campbellsays,willcomeArtificialDominantIntelligence.ThisiswhyCampbellhassetouttoraiseawarenessofAIanditsfuturenow—severaldecadesbeforethesedevelopmentsareexpectedtotakeplace.Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.Campbell’spointistowakeupthoseresponsibleforAI-thetechnologycompaniesandworldleaders—sotheyareonthesamepageasalltheexpertscurrentlydevelopingit.Sheexplainsweareata“tippingpoint”inhistoryandmustactnowtopreventanextinction-leveleventforhumanity.WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.9．Whatdoesthephrase“Inthewronghands”inparagraph2probablymean?A．Ifreadbysomeonepoorlyeducated. B．Ifreviewedbysomeoneill-intentioned.C．Ifwrittenbysomeonelesscompetent. D．Iftranslatedbysomeoneunacademic.10．WhatisafeatureofAIbyDesignaccordingtothetext?A．Itispackedwithcomplexcodes. B．Itadoptsadown-to-earthwritingstyle.C．Itprovidesstep-by-stepinstructions. D．ItisintendedforAIprofessionals.11．WhatdoesCampbellurgepeopletodoregardingAIdevelopment?A．Observeexistingregulationsonit.B．Reconsiderexpertopinionsaboutit.C．Makejointeffortstokeepitundercontrol.D．Learnfrompriorexperiencetoslowitdown.12．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A．TorecommendabookonAI. B．TogiveabriefaccountofAIhistory.C．ToclarifythedefinitionofAI. D．TohonoranoutstandingAIexpert.（2024·全國(guó)·高考真題試卷）“Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.HesuggestedIthinkaboutthedifferencebetweenendingsthatIwantedforthecharactersandendingsthatwererightforthecharacters,endingsthatsatisfiedthestoryeveniftheydidn’thaveatraditionallypositiveoutcome.Ofcourse,IwouldhavepreferredadifferentendingforTomandMaggieTulliver,buttheendingtheygotdidmakethemostsenseforthem.Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(懸疑小說(shuō)).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’shardforwritersbecauseendingscarrysomuchweightwithreaders.Youhavetobalancecreatinganendingthat'sunpredictable,butdoesn’tseemtocomefromnowhere,onethatfitswhat’srightforthecharacters.That’swhythisissue(期)ofWriter’sDigestaimstohelpyoufigureouthowtowritethebestendingforwhateverkindofwritingyou’redoing.Ifit’sshortstories,PeterMountfordbreaksdownsixtechniquesyoucantrytoseewhichonehelpsyoustickthelanding.ElizabethSimsanalyzesthefinalchaptersoffivegreatnovelstoseewhatkeypointstheyincludeandhowyoucanadaptthemforyourwork.Thisissuewon’ttellyouwhatyourendingshouldbe—that’suptoyouandthestoryyou’retelling—butitmightprovidewhatyouneedtogetthere.13．WhydidtheauthorgotoProf.Gracie?A．Todiscussanovel. B．Tosubmitabookreport.C．Toargueforawriter. D．Toaskforareadinglist.14．WhatdidtheauthorrealizeafterseeingGracie?A．Writingisamatterofpersonalpreferences.B．Readersareoftencarriedawaybycharacter.C．Eachtypeofliteraturehasitsuniqueend.D．Astorywhichbeginswellwillendwell.15．Whatisexpectedofagoodending?A．Itsatisfiesreaders’taste. B．Itfitswiththestorydevelopment.C．Itisusuallypositive. D．Itisopenforimagination.16．WhydoestheauthormentionPeterMountfordandElizabethSims?A．Togiveexamplesofgreatnovelists. B．Tostressthethemeofthisissue.C．Toencouragewritingforthemagazine. D．Torecommendtheirnewbooks.（2024·北京·高考真題試卷）FranzBoas’sdescriptionofInuit(因紐特人)lifeinthe19thcenturyillustratestheprobablemoralcodeofearlyhumans.Here,norms(規(guī)范)wereunwrittenandrarelyexpressedclearly,butwerewellunderstoodandtakentoheart.Dishonestandviolentbehavioursweredisapprovedof;leadership,marriageandinteractionswithothergroupswerelooselygovernedbytraditions.Conflictwasoftenresolvedinmusicalbattles.Becausearguingangrilyleadstochaos,itwasstronglydiscouraged.WithlifeintheunforgivingNorthernCanadabeingsodemanding,theInuit’spracticalapproachtomoralitymadegoodsense.Thesimilarityofmoralvirtuesacrossculturesisstriking,eventhoughtherelativerankingofthevirtuesmayvarywithasocialgroup’shistoryandenvironment.Typically,crueltyandcheatingarediscouraged,whilecooperation,humblenessandcouragearepraised.Theseuniversalnormsfarpre-datetheconceptofanymoralisingreligionorwrittenlaw.Instead,theyarerootedinthesimilarityofbasichumanneedsandoursharedmechanismsforlearningandproblemsolving.Oursocialinstincts(本能)includetheintensedesiretobelong.Theapprovalofothersisrewarding,whiletheirdisapprovalisstronglydisliked.Thesesocialemotionsprepareourbrainstoshapeourbehaviouraccordingtothenormsandvaluesofourfamilyandourcommunity.Moregenerally,socialinstinctsmotivateustolearnhowtobehaveinasociallycomplexworld.Themechanisminvolvesarepurposedrewardsystemoriginallyusedtodevelophabitsimportantforself-care.Ourbrainsusethesystemtoacquirebehaviouralpatternsregardingsaferouteshome,efficientfoodgatheringanddangerstoavoid.Goodhabitssavetime,energyandsometimesyourlife.Goodsocialhabitsdosomethingsimilarinasocialcontext.Welearntotellthetruth,evenwhenlyingisself-serving;wehelpagrandparentevenwhenitisinconvenient.Weacquirewhatwecallasenseofrightandwrong.Socialbenefitsareaccompaniedbysocialdemands:wemustgetalong,butnotputupwithtoomuch.Henceself-disciplineisadvantageous.Inhumans,agreatlyenlargedbrainboostsself-control,justasitboostsproblem-solvingskillsinthesocialaswellasthephysicalworld.Theseabilitiesarestrengthenedbyourcapacityforlanguage,whichallowssocialpracticestodevelopinextremelyunobviousways.17．WhatcanbeinferredabouttheformingoftheInuit’smoralcode?A．Livingconditionswerethedrive. B．Unwrittenruleswerethetarget.C．Socialtraditionwasthebasis. D．Honestywasthekey.18．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Inconveniencesarethecauseoftellinglies. B．Basichumanneedsleadtouniversalnorms.C．Languagecapacityislimitedbyself-control. D．Writtenlawshavegreatinfluenceonvirtues.19．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．Virtues:BridgesAcrossCultures B．TheValuesofSelf-disciplineC．Brains:WallsAgainstChaos D．TheRootsofMorality

答案1．C2．D3．A4．C【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。在信息化時(shí)代我們作為成年人每天都在面對(duì)棉花糖測(cè)試，信息轟炸讓我們攝入了太多精神“垃圾食品”，文章對(duì)此進(jìn)行了介紹。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Eachchildwastoldiftheywaitedfor15minutesbeforeeatingthetreat,theywouldbegivenasecondtreat.(每個(gè)孩子都被告知，如果他們?cè)诔灾暗却?5分鐘，他們將得到第二次獎(jiǎng)勵(lì))”可知，在米歇爾的測(cè)試中，孩子們需要在吃之前等待15分鐘才能得到第二次獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。故選C。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Butaswe’vereshapedtheworldaroundus,dramaticallyreducingthecostandeffortinvolvedinobtainingcalories,westillhavethesamebrainswehadthousandsofyearsago,andthismismatchisattheheartofwhysomanyofusstruggletoresisttemptingfoodsthatweknowweshouldn’teat.(但是，當(dāng)我們重塑了我們周圍的世界，減少了獲取卡路里的成本和努力時(shí)，我們的大腦仍然和幾千年前一樣，這種不匹配是我們這么多人努力抵抗我們知道不應(yīng)該吃的誘人食物的核心原因)”可知，豐富的食物供應(yīng)和我們不曾改變的大腦之間存在不匹配。故選D。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therefore,justasweneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourcaloricconsumption,wealsoneedtobemorethoughtfulaboutourinformationconsumption,resistingthetemptationofthemental“junkfood”inordertomanageourtimemosteffectively.(因此，就像我們需要更仔細(xì)地考慮我們的熱量消耗一樣，我們也需要更仔細(xì)地考慮我們的信息消耗，抵制精神“垃圾食品”的誘惑，以便最有效地管理我們的時(shí)間)”可知，作者建議讀者做有選擇性的信息消費(fèi)者。故選A。4．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Asadultswefaceaversionofthemarshmallowtesteveryday.We’renottemptedbysugarytreats,butbyourcomputers,phones,andtablets—allthedevicesthatconnectustotheglobaldeliverysystemforvarioustypesofinformationthatdotouswhatmarshmallowsdotopreschoolers.(作為成年人，我們每天都要面對(duì)棉花糖測(cè)試。誘惑我們的不是甜食，而是我們的電腦、手機(jī)和平板電腦——所有這些將我們與全球信息傳遞系統(tǒng)連接起來(lái)的設(shè)備，它們對(duì)我們的作用就像棉花糖對(duì)學(xué)齡前兒童的作用一樣)”結(jié)合文章主要是講在信息化時(shí)代我們作為成年人每天都在面對(duì)棉花糖測(cè)試，信息轟炸讓我們攝入了太多精神“垃圾食品”。由此可知，C選項(xiàng)“成人棉花糖測(cè)試”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選C。5．B6．C7．C8．D【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了斯坦福大學(xué)的一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，數(shù)字生物多樣性記錄存在偏見，建議應(yīng)用程序引導(dǎo)公民科學(xué)家獲取更好的數(shù)據(jù)。5．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Today,mostrecordsofbiodiversityareoftenintheformofphotos,videos,andotherdigitalrecords.(今天，大多數(shù)生物多樣性的記錄通常以照片、視頻和其他數(shù)字記錄的形式出現(xiàn)。)”可知，現(xiàn)在收集的物種記錄大多是以電子形式存在的。故選B。6．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Theseobservationsnowoutnumbertheprimarydatathatcomesfromphysicalspecimens(標(biāo)本),andsinceweareincreasinglyusingobservationaldatatoinvestigatehowspeciesarerespondingtoglobalchange,Iwantedtoknow:Aretheyusable?(這些觀察結(jié)果現(xiàn)在超過(guò)了來(lái)自物理標(biāo)本的原始數(shù)據(jù)，而且由于我們?cè)絹?lái)越多地使用觀察數(shù)據(jù)來(lái)研究物種如何應(yīng)對(duì)全球變化，我想知道：它們有用嗎?)”和第四段““Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.(Daru說(shuō)“我們特別感興趣的是探索取樣容易產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)偏差的方面，比如公民科學(xué)家更有可能拍攝開花植物的照片，而不是它旁邊的草?！?”可知，Daru的研究聚焦于觀察數(shù)據(jù)，即人們通過(guò)移動(dòng)應(yīng)用記錄的物種觀察數(shù)據(jù)。故選C。7．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““Wewereparticularlyinterestedinexploringtheaspectsofsamplingthattendtobias(使有偏差)data,likethegreaterlikelihoodofacitizenscientisttotakeapictureofafloweringplantinsteadofthegrassrightnexttoit,”saidDaru.(Daru說(shuō)“我們特別感興趣的是探索取樣容易產(chǎn)生數(shù)據(jù)偏差的方面，比如公民科學(xué)家更有可能拍攝開花植物的照片，而不是它旁邊的草。”)”以及第五段“Thismakessensebecausethepeoplewhogetobservationalbiodiversitydataonmobiledevicesareoftencitizenscientistsrecordingtheirencounterswithspeciesinareasnearby.(這是有道理的，因?yàn)樵谝苿?dòng)設(shè)備上獲得觀察生物多樣性數(shù)據(jù)的人通常是公民科學(xué)家，他們記錄了他們?cè)诟浇貐^(qū)與物種的接觸。)”可知，導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)偏差的原因是采樣方式的不當(dāng)。故選C。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Biodiversityappscanuseourstudyresultstoinformusersofoversampledareasandleadthemtoplaces—andevenspecies—thatarenotwell-sampled.Toimprovethequalityofobservationaldata,biodiversityappscanalsoencourageuserstohaveanexpertconfirmtheidentificationoftheiruploadedimage.(生物多樣性應(yīng)用程序可以使用我們的研究結(jié)果來(lái)告知用戶樣本過(guò)多的地區(qū)，并將他們引導(dǎo)到樣本不足的地方，甚至是物種。為了提高觀測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)的質(zhì)量，生物多樣性應(yīng)用程序還可以鼓勵(lì)用戶讓專家確認(rèn)他們上傳的圖像的身份。)”可知，Daru建議生物多樣性應(yīng)用應(yīng)該給公民科學(xué)家提供指導(dǎo)。故選D。9．C10．B11．C12．A【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了CatrionaCampbell所著AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence一書。該書作為應(yīng)對(duì)AI革命挑戰(zhàn)的實(shí)用指南，以商業(yè)視角闡述AI發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與前景，強(qiáng)調(diào)控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界協(xié)同確保人工智能安全發(fā)展，以防潛在危機(jī)。9．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)文章第二段“suchabookcouldproveascomplicatedtoprocessasthecomputercode(代碼)thatpowersAIbut,thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades'professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.(這樣一本書可能會(huì)像驅(qū)動(dòng)人工智能的計(jì)算機(jī)代碼一樣復(fù)雜，但值得慶幸的是，坎貝爾有20多年的專業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可以將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容。她從商業(yè)人士的實(shí)際角度而不是學(xué)者的角度出發(fā)，撰寫了一本非常通俗易懂、內(nèi)容豐富的指南，讀完后會(huì)讓你覺得自己幾乎和人工智能一樣聰明)”可知，坎貝爾撰寫的這本書是通俗易懂的，如果別人寫這本書的話可能就不是這樣了，推測(cè)劃線短語(yǔ)表示“如果是由能力較差的人寫的”。故選C項(xiàng)。10．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“thankfully,Campbellhasmorethantwodecades’professionalexperiencetranslatingtheheadyintotheunderstandable.Shewritesfromthepracticalangleofabusinesspersonratherthanasanacademic,makingforaguidewhichishighlyaccessibleandinformativeandwhich,bytheclose,willmakeyoufeelalmostassmartasAI.(值得慶幸的是，坎貝爾有20多年的專業(yè)經(jīng)驗(yàn)，可以將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容。她從商業(yè)人士的實(shí)際角度而不是學(xué)者的角度出發(fā)，撰寫了一本非常通俗易懂、內(nèi)容豐富的指南，讀完后會(huì)讓你覺得自己幾乎和人工智能一樣聰明)”可知，坎貝爾在書中將令人興奮的內(nèi)容轉(zhuǎn)化為可理解的內(nèi)容，這本書的特點(diǎn)是通俗易懂，推測(cè)它采用了接地氣的寫作風(fēng)格。故選B項(xiàng)。11．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Shesaysitisessentialthatwekeepcontrolofartificialintelligence,orriskbeingsidelinedandperhapsevenworse.(她說(shuō)，我們必須保持對(duì)人工智能的控制，否則就有被邊緣化甚至更糟的風(fēng)險(xiǎn))”和文章最后一段“WeneedtoconsiderhowwewantourfuturewithAItopanout.Suchstructuredthinking,followedbyglobalregulation,willenableustoachievegreatnessratherthanourdownfall.(我們需要考慮我們希望人工智能的未來(lái)如何發(fā)展。這種結(jié)構(gòu)化的思維，加上全球監(jiān)管，將使我們走向偉大，而不是走向衰敗)”可知，坎貝爾敦促人們保持對(duì)人工智能的控制，考慮人工智能的未來(lái)應(yīng)如何發(fā)展，所以關(guān)于人工智能的發(fā)展，坎貝爾敦促人們共同努力將其控制住。故選C項(xiàng)。12．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“GiventheastonishingpotentialofAItotransformourlives,weallneedtotakeactiontodealwithourAI-poweredfuture,andthisiswhereAIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligencecomesin.ThisabsorbingnewbookbyCatrionaCampbellisapracticalroadmapaddressingthechallengesposedbytheforthcomingAIrevolution(變革).(考慮到人工智能改變我們生活的驚人潛力，我們都需要采取行動(dòng)來(lái)應(yīng)對(duì)人工智能驅(qū)動(dòng)的未來(lái)，這正是AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence的用武之地?？ㄌ乩飱W娜·坎貝爾撰寫的這本引人入勝的新書是一本實(shí)用的路線圖，旨在應(yīng)對(duì)即將到來(lái)的人工智能革命帶來(lái)的挑戰(zhàn))”和文章最后一段“AIwillaffectusall,andifyouonlyreadonebookonthesubject,thisisit.(人工智能將影響我們所有人，如果你只讀一本關(guān)于這個(gè)主題的書，那就是這本書)”可知，本文主要介紹了CatrionaCampbell所著AIbyDesign:APlanforLivingwithArtificialIntelligence一書，該書作為應(yīng)對(duì)AI革命挑戰(zhàn)的實(shí)用指南，以商業(yè)視角闡述AI發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀與前景，強(qiáng)調(diào)控制AI的重要性，呼吁各界協(xié)同確保人工智能安全發(fā)展，以防潛在危機(jī)，所以作者寫這篇文章的目的是推薦一本關(guān)于人工智能的書。故選A項(xiàng)。13．A14．C15．B16．B【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇議論文。文章首先通過(guò)作者與教授關(guān)于小說(shuō)結(jié)局的討論引發(fā)了對(duì)結(jié)局的思考，接著闡述了不同類型的文學(xué)作品結(jié)局的特點(diǎn)，最后提出了寫作好的結(jié)局的重要性并介紹了《Writer’sDigest》雜志如何幫助作家寫出更好的結(jié)尾。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段““Ididn’tliketheending,”Isaidtomyfavoritecollegeprofessor.Itwasmyjunioryearofundergraduate,andIwasdoinganindependentstudyonVictorianliterature.IhadjustfinishedreadingTheMillontheFlossbyGeorgeEliot,andIwasheartbrokenwiththeending.Prof.Gracie,withallhispatience,askedmetothinkaboutitbeyondwhetherIlikeditornot.(“我不喜歡這個(gè)結(jié)局，”我對(duì)我最喜歡的大學(xué)教授說(shuō)。那是我大三的時(shí)候，我正在做一項(xiàng)關(guān)于維多利亞文學(xué)的獨(dú)立研究。我剛剛讀完喬治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》，讀到結(jié)尾我很傷心。格雷西教授耐心地讓我考慮一下，不要只看我喜不喜歡)”可知，作者去找格雷西教授是為了討論小說(shuō)。故選A項(xiàng)。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Thiswasanahamomentforme,andIneverthoughtaboutendingsthesamewayagain.Fromthenon,ifIwantedtoreadanendingguaranteedtobehappy,I’dpickupaloveromance.IfIwantedanendingIcouldn’tguess,I’dpickupamystery(懸疑小說(shuō)).OnewhereIkindofknewwhatwasgoingtohappen,historicalfiction.Choosingwhattoreadbecameeasier.(這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)頓悟的時(shí)刻，我再也沒有想過(guò)同樣的結(jié)局。從那時(shí)起，如果我想讀一個(gè)保證幸福的結(jié)局，我就會(huì)選一部愛情小說(shuō)。如果我想要一個(gè)我猜不到的結(jié)局，我會(huì)選一本神秘小說(shuō)。一種是我知道會(huì)發(fā)生什么，歷史小說(shuō)。選擇讀什么變得更容易了)”可知，見過(guò)格雷西教授后，作者意識(shí)到了每種類型的文學(xué)都有其獨(dú)特的結(jié)局。故選C項(xiàng)。15．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Butwritingtheend—that’shard.It’s