閱讀理解應(yīng)用文D篇 -2024年浙江中考英語試題專項(xiàng)復(fù)習(xí)（解析版）

2024年浙江省中考英語真題深度解析及變式訓(xùn)練

閱讀理解D篇第27-30題

【真題呈現(xiàn)】

第一節(jié)閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

D

Everyyear,lotsofanimalsaroundtheworldgoonmigrating（遷徙）journeys.

Someneedtofindfood;othersarelookingforsomewheretoproduceandraise

theiryoung,Migrationscanbelonganddifficultforanimals,butnewresearchon

birdshasfoundthatfarmlandalongthewaycanhelptheirprogress.

Inspring,hundredsofthousandsofbirdslivingnearLakePo-yang,inChina,flynorthtoSiberia,Russia.On

theway,theyfindplacestostopandeattokeeptheirenergylevelsupforthelongjourney,Somebirds,suchas

geese,eatyounggrassthatstartstogrowatthebeginningoftheseason.Thisfoodcanlastforonlyafewweeks,

Andrisingtemperaturescausedbyclimatechangecansometimesmakethegrassgrowearlierthanusual.This

meansthatsomebirdsarearrivingtoolatetoeatthegrass.Asmorelandisusedforfarming,thenaturalwetlands

wherebirdsliketosearchforfoodaredisappearing,too.

Ateamofresearchershaverecentlychosentofollow246birds,includinggeeseandtundraswans,thatare

flyingfromLakePoyangtoSiberia.Theyfindthatthebirdshavechangedtheirdietstoadapt（適應(yīng)）tothe

environmentstheypassthrough.Aswellaseatinggrassfromthewetlandsalongtheway,thebirdsarealsoeating

seeds（種子）droppedbyfarmers.

Theresearchersbelievethatseedswillbecomeamoreimportantpartofmigratingbirds*dietsasmorenatural

wetlandsdisappear,Theysuggestthatiffarmersusedifferentwaysofharvesting,suchasusingmachinethatleave

behindmoreseedsinfields,itcouldhelptofeedmigratingbirds,However,theyalsosaywetlandsmustbe

protected,sothebirdscanenjoydifferentfoodsduringtheirlongjourneys.

27.WhichcanbeareasonforanimalmigrationaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Raisingtheirbabies.B.Enjoyingthejourney.

C.Sendingfoodtoothers.D.Takingcareoftheold.

28.WhatproblemmightthebirdsmeetwhenflyingfromLakePoyangtoSiberia?

A.Thereisnograssgrowingalongtheway.

B.Thereisasuddendropintemperatureontheway.

C.Fewernaturalwetlandsareleftforthemtofindfood.

D.Someofthebirdssetoutearlyandeattoomuchgrass.

29.Howdothebirdsadapttotheenvironmentstheypassthrough?

A.Bychangingtheirdiets.

B.Bychangingthewaytheyfly.

C.Bymakingtheirhomesinwetlands.

D.Bymakingfriendswithfarmers.

3O.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.Stopkilling,stoppolluting.

B.Savewater,savelife.

C.Birdshelpharvestingwork.

D.Farmshelpmigratingbirds.

文章導(dǎo)讀

動(dòng)物遷徙(animalmigration)、鳥類(birds)、農(nóng)田(farmland)、食物(food)、環(huán)境適

關(guān)鍵詞應(yīng)(environmentaladaptation)、濕地保護(hù)(wetlandprotection)、氣候變化(climatechange)、

種子(seeds)。

每年很多動(dòng)物進(jìn)行遷徙，對(duì)于鳥類來說遷徙漫長而艱難。以中國鄱陽湖的鳥類遷徙至俄羅斯

西伯利亞為例，介紹了氣候變化使鳥類食物青草生長時(shí)間變化致其錯(cuò)過進(jìn)食時(shí)機(jī)，且農(nóng)田增

文章大意

加使自然濕地減少。研究團(tuán)隊(duì)發(fā)現(xiàn)遷徙鳥類改變飲食適應(yīng)環(huán)境，開始吃農(nóng)民掉落的種子。研

究人員認(rèn)為隨著自然濕地減少，種子將在遷徙鳥類飲食中更重要，同時(shí)也強(qiáng)調(diào)要保護(hù)濕地。

migrating（遷徙）、farmland（農(nóng)田）、climatechange（氣候變化）、wetlands（濕地）、adapt

重點(diǎn)詞匯

（適應(yīng)）、harvesting（收獲）

Asmorelandisusedforfarming,thenaturalwetlandswherebirdsliketosearchforfoodare

disappearing,too.(中文翻譯：隨著更多的土地被用于農(nóng)業(yè)，鳥類喜歡覓食的自然濕地也在消

復(fù)雜句式

失。)此句中“Asmorelandisusedforfarming^^是時(shí)間狀語從句，“wherebirdsliketosearch

fbrfbod”是定語從句，修飾“naturalwetlands”。

【答案】27.A28.C29.A30.D

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【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了生活在中國鄱陽湖一帶的鳥類，為適應(yīng)因氣溫上升和濕地破環(huán)造成的

食物短缺問題，在遷徙到西伯利亞的過程中，改以沿途的農(nóng)耕種子作為食物補(bǔ)充來源的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。

27.A

解析：根據(jù)第——段“Someneedtofindfood;othersarelookingforsomewheretoproduceandraisetheiryoung.^^

可知，動(dòng)物遷徙的原因包括尋找食物以及尋找地方繁衍和養(yǎng)育幼崽。A選項(xiàng)“Raisingtheirbabies^^與文中

“raisetheiryoung”意思一致。B選項(xiàng)"Enjoyingthejourney”文中未提及；C選項(xiàng)"Sendingfoodtoothers^^

文中未提及；D選項(xiàng)“Takingcareoftheold”文中未提及。

28.C

解析：根據(jù)第二段“Asmorelandisusedforfarming,thenaturalwetlandswherebirdsliketosearchforfoodare

disappearing,too."可知，從鄱陽湖飛往西伯利亞的鳥類面臨的問題是隨著更多土地被用于農(nóng)業(yè)，它們尋找

食物的天然濕地越來越少。A選項(xiàng)"Thereisnograssgrowingalongtheway^與原文不符，文中提到有草生

長；B選項(xiàng)"'Thereisasuddendropintemperatureontheway,?文中未提及；D選項(xiàng)€tSomeofthebirdssetout

earlyandeattoomuchgrass,?與原文不符，文中提到的是由于氣候變化草提前生長，導(dǎo)致一些鳥到達(dá)太晚吃

不到草。

29.A

解析：根據(jù)第三段“Theyfindthatthebirdshavechangedtheirdietstoadapt（適應(yīng)）totheenvironmentstheypass

through.^^可知，鳥類通過改變飲食來適應(yīng)它們經(jīng)過的環(huán)境。B選項(xiàng)4tBychangingthewaytheyfly^^文中未

提及；C選項(xiàng)6tBymakingtheirhomesinwetlands^^文中未提及；D選項(xiàng)t6Bymakingfriendswithfarmers^^文

中未提及。

30.D

解析：文章主要講述了鳥類在遷徙過程中面臨食物短缺的問題，以及隨著天然濕地減少，鳥類開始食用農(nóng)

民留下的種子，說明農(nóng)場在一定程度上幫助了遷徙的鳥類。A選項(xiàng)44Stopkilling,stoppolluting^^與文章主題

不符；B選項(xiàng)"Savewater,savelife^^與文章主題不符；C選項(xiàng)“Birdshelpharvestingwork”與文章主題不

符。

【語篇分析】本文是一篇說明文，情境屬于“人與自然”主題范疇中“環(huán)境保護(hù)”主題群，涉及子主題“環(huán)境污

染及原因，環(huán)保意識(shí)和行為”。文章介紹了生活在中國鄱陽湖一帶的鳥類，為適應(yīng)因氣溫上升和濕地破環(huán)造

成的食物短缺問題，在遷徙到西伯利亞的過程中，改以沿途的農(nóng)耕種子作為食物補(bǔ)充來源的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。

28.WhatproblemmightthebirdsmeetwhenflyingfromLakePoyangtoSiberia?

A.Thereisnograssgrowingalongtheway.

B.Thereisasuddendropintemperatureontheway.

C.Fewernaturalwetlandsareleftforthemtofindfood

D.Someofthebirdssetoutearlyandeattoomuchgrass.

【命題立意】本題考查學(xué)生的細(xì)節(jié)理解能力。

【答題分析】根據(jù)第二段“Andrisingtemperaturescausedbyclimatechangecansometimesmakethegrass.grow

earlierthanusual.Thismeansthatsomebirdsarearrivingtoolatetoeatthegrass.Asmorelandisusedforfarming,

thenaturalwetlandwherebirdsliketosearchforfoodaredisappearing,toO.”可知，鳥類遷徙途中的食物短缺問題

是氣溫上升和濕地破壞造成的，故選C。

30.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.Stopkilling,stoppolluting

B.Savewater,savelife

C.Birdshelpharvestingwork

D.Farmshelpmigratingbirds

【命題立意】本題考查學(xué)生的判斷歸納能力。

【答題分析】根據(jù)語篇的主要內(nèi)容，即鳥類在遷徙過程遇到的食物短缺問題、主要原因及應(yīng)對(duì)策略判

斷和歸納出作者的觀點(diǎn)，建議人們通過改變收獲方式

(usedifferentwaysofharvesting)>保護(hù)濕地(wetlandsmustbeprotected)來給遷徙的鳥類留足食物，反映

了人與自然和諧共生的理念，故選Do

〃精準(zhǔn)訓(xùn)練〃

01、閱讀理解

Yushu,Qinghaiisoneofthehabitatsforblack-neckedcranes(黑頸鶴).Craneshaveverylongnecksand

theirnecksareblack.Thafswhytheyarecalledblack-neckedcranes.Cranestravelveryfareveryyear.Cranes

spendabout5monthsinQinghai-TibetPlateau.

StartinginMarch,black-neckedcraneswillflybacktoQinghai.Therearelakesandmarshes(沼澤)，perfect

forthemtolivein.Yearafteryear,black-neckedcranesmayflytootherplaces,buttheyalwayscomebacktothe

plateauareas.

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Theirlifeisharsh冊艮苦的），becausetheyhavenoenoughfoodandtheweatherchangesveryoften.

Black-neckedcraneshaveaverysmallpopulation.Theyareunderfirst-classstateprotectioninChina.Local

peopletreatthebirdswithlove.Inlocaltradition,theyareasymbolofgoodluck,sotheyareverypopular.

Itisnothardtogetalongwiththewildanimals.Justgivethemalittlemorespace.Theycanhaveabigger

chancetothrive（興旺）.PeopleinQinghaiareworkingveryhardtomakesuretheblack-neckedcraneslivebetter.

1.HowlongdothecranesspendinQinghai-TibetPlateau?

A.About3months.B.About4months.C.About5months.D.About6months.

2.aretheperfectplacesforblack-neckedcranestolivein.

A.LakesandmarshesB.RiversC.MountainsD.Trees

3.Whydolocalpeoplelovethebirds?

A.Becausetheycanflyinthesky.B.Becausetheyareblack.

C.Becausetheylookbeautiful.D.Becausetheyareasymbolofgoodluck.

4.Accordingtothepassage,whatwillhappentoblack-neckedcranesinthefuture?

A.Black-neckedcraneswillnotcomeback

B.Therewillbemoreblack-neckedcranesinthefuture.

C.Thecitywillbeahomeforblack-neckedcranes.

D.Peoplewillhurtblackneckedcranes.

【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹黑頸鶴的生存現(xiàn)狀，告訴我們青海人民正在努力，以確保黑頸鶴生活得更好。

1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Cranesspendabout5monthsinQinghai-TibetPlateau.”可知，鶴在青藏高原的生

活時(shí)間約為5個(gè)月。故選C。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Therearelakesandmarshes（沼澤）,perfectforthemtolivein.”可知，湖泊和沼澤

非常適合它們居住。故選A。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Localpeopletreatthebirdswithlove.Inlocaltradition,theyareasymbolofgood

luck,sotheyareverypopular.“可知，在當(dāng)?shù)氐膫鹘y(tǒng)中，它們是好運(yùn)的象征，所以它們很受歡迎。故選D。

4.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"Itisnothardtogetalongwiththewildanimals.Justgivethemalittlemorespace.

Theycanhaveabiggerchancetothrive（興旺）.PeopleinQinghaiareworkingveryhardtomakesurethe

black-neckedcraneslivebetter.”可知，給它們多一點(diǎn)空間。它們可以有更大的機(jī)會(huì)變得興旺。青海人民正在

努力工作，以確保黑頸鶴生活得更好。故推測出在青海人民的努力下，將來會(huì)有更多的黑頸鶴。故選B。

02、閱讀理解

Animalshavebeenhelpersforhumanactivities.Agroupofclams（河蚌）recentlycaughtpeople'sattention

afteranarticlewaspostedbyChinaScienceCommunicationonline.Althoughtheseclamsareusuallyregardedas

notingmorethandeliciousfood,theyworktomonitor（監(jiān)測）thelocalwaterqualityinPoland.

TheRiverWisla,helpsprovidewatertoWarsaw,thecapitalofPoland.However,onespecialfactorwhich

influencesthewaterqualityhasbeenheavymetals,andresearcherslookedforhelpfromnaturetosolvethis

problem.Clamsareeasytofeelaboutthethingswhichmaycausepollutionintheirenvironment.Theyshuttheir

shells（殼）immediatelyaftermonitoring"dangerous“water.

Basedonthis,theresearcherschoseeightclamsatatimeandrecordedthenaturalopeningoftheirshells.

Aftertheclamsgetusedtothelocalwater,theyareplacedinaspeciallydesignedboxwhichisputintheriver.

Withsensors（感應(yīng)器）stuckontotheirshells,theclamsareconnectedtoasystemthatrecordshowwidetheshells

areopen.Iffourormoreclamsclosetheirshellsalmosttogether,analarmwillgooffandthewatersupplywillbe

shutdown.

Theresultisdependablebecausetheresearchershadconsideredmanydifferentfactorsatthesametime

whiletestingbeforeusingtheclams.

5.Wherecanwereadthearticle?

A.OntheInternet.B.Ontheradio.C.Inabook.

6.WhatworkcanclamsdoinPolandaccordingtothepassage?

A.Improvethelocalwaterquality.

B.Influencethelocalwaterquality.

C.Monitorthelocalwaterquality.

7.Iftherearefiveclamsshuttheirshellsatthesametime,whatwillhappen?

A.Nothingwillhappen.

B.Thealarmwillgooff.

C.Thewatersupplywon'tbeshutdown.

8.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Clamsareonlyusedtobecookedasdeliciousfood.

B.HeavymetalsinfluencethewaterqualityintheRiverWisla.

C.Researchersdidn'tgethelpfromnaturetosolvetheproblem.

【答案】5.A6.C7.B8.B

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【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了河蚌對(duì)于波蘭水質(zhì)監(jiān)測起到的積極作用。

5.推理判斷題。本文是一篇關(guān)于河蚌對(duì)于波蘭水質(zhì)監(jiān)測起到的作用的研究報(bào)道，因此我們可能會(huì)在網(wǎng)上讀

到。故選A。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Althoughtheseclamsareusuallyregardedasnotingmorethandeliciousfood,theyworkto

monitor（監(jiān)測）thelocalwaterqualityinPoland.”可知河蚌在波蘭可以監(jiān)測當(dāng)?shù)厮|(zhì)。故選Co

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Iffourormoreclamsclosetheirshellsalmosttogether,analarmwillgooffandthewater

supplywillbeshutdown.”可知如果有四個(gè)或更多的河蚌同時(shí)合上了殼，警報(bào)器就會(huì)響。故選B。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheRiverWisla,helpsprovidewatertoWarsaw,thecapitalofPoland.However,onespecial

factorwhichinfluencesthewaterqualityhasbeenheavymetals”可知重金屬影響了維斯瓦河的水質(zhì)。故選B。

03、閱讀理解

awildcheetah

WildcheetahsusedtolivealloverthegrasslandsinAfricaandtheMiddleEast.Acenturyago,therewere

over100,000cheetahsinthewild.Todaythatnumberhasdroppedtoabout7,000.Theirlivingplaceisbecoming

smallerandsmaller.Lesswildernessmeanslessspacetohunt.Italsobringscheetahsclosertolions,whohunt

cheetahcubs（幼崽）.Andcheetahsaresometimeskilledbyhuntersorfarmerswhotrytoprotecttheircowsand

pigs.

SanDiegoandotherzooshavestartedprogramstomakesurecheetahswon'tdieout.Theyalsostudy

cheetahbehaviourandsupportprogramstoprotectcheetahsinthewild.

Mostzoocheetahswerebominzoos.Inthewild,cheetahmomsusuallyhave3to5cubsatatime.Thecubs

growuptogetherandplaytogether.

Butsometimeszooswillgetacheetahcubwithnobrothersorsisters.Ifso,theywilltrytofindanother

cheetahfamilyforit.Iftheycan't,zooswillfindadogfbrthelonelycub.

Findingadogforthesinglecheetahseemstohelp.Thoselittledogsareenergeticandliketoplayand

discover,justlikecheetahcubs.Sotheycanmakegoodfriends.

Whatdoesittaketobecomeacheetah'spartner?Thedogmustbetherightage,andaboutthesamesizeasa

cheetahcubwhenbothareyoung.Thedogalsoneedsacalm,confident,andfriendlypersonality.

Atfirst,zoosthoughtthatcheetahsanddogswouldstaytogetherforlife.Now,they'relearningthatas

cheetahsgrowup,theyspendmoretimealone.Whencheetahsgrowup,theyremainfriendlywiththedogsaslong

astheyusedto.

Asadults,somecheetahshaveaspecialjobatthezoo.Theymighttakepartinprogramstoeducatethe

publicaboutcheetahs.Mostpeoplewillnevergettoseeacheetahinthewild.Butzoocheetahscanhelpvisitors

learnaboutthespeedandbeautyoftheirwildkin（親屬）insomeways.

Sometimesthedogcomesalong.Whentherearealotofvisitors,havingafriendnearbycanhelpthecheetah

feelmoreconfident.

9.WhatcanweknowfromParagraph1?

A.Thehistoryofcheetahs.B.Theproblemscheetahsface.

C.Thewriter^pityoncheetahs.D.Thezoo?sprotectionforcheetahs.

10.Whatmainlyhelpsadogtomakegoodfriendswithacheetahcub?

A.Itshabitandage.B.Itshabitandsize.

C.Itshabitandpersonality.D.Itssizeandage.

11.Whatdoes"they"inParagraph7referto?

A.Zoos.B.Dogs.C.Cheetahs.D.Thepublic.

12.Whafsthemainreasonforzoostokeepcheetahs?

A.Tofinddogsastheirfriends.B.Toeducatethepublicaboutcheetahs.

C.Tokeepthemawayfromlions.D.Tomakesuretheystillliveontheearth.

【答案】9.B10.D11.A12.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了野生獵豹數(shù)量的急劇下降以及動(dòng)物園為保護(hù)獵豹所采取的措

施，包括通過配對(duì)獵豹幼崽與小狗來提供社交支持，以及動(dòng)物園中成年獵豹在教育和公眾宣傳方面的特殊

作用。

9.主旨大意題。綜合第一段可知，本段主要描述了野生獵豹的數(shù)量從過去的10萬多只下降到現(xiàn)在的7000

只左右，并提到了獵豹面臨的兩個(gè)主要問題：一是獵豹幼崽被獵殺，二是獵豹有時(shí)會(huì)被試圖保護(hù)牛和豬的

獵人或農(nóng)民殺害；據(jù)此可知，本段主要指出了獵豹面臨的問題。故選B。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段“Whatdoesittaketobecomeacheetah'spartner?Thedogmustbetherightage,and

aboutthesamesizeasacheetahcubwhenbothareyoung.”可知，年齡和大小主要幫助狗與獵豹幼崽交好朋友。

故選D。

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11.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第七段“Atfirst,zoosthoughtthatcheetahsanddogswouldstaytogetherforlife.Now,

they'relearningthatascheetahsgrowup,theyspendmoretimealone.”可知,起初，動(dòng)物園認(rèn)為獵豹和狗會(huì)終生

待在一起；但發(fā)現(xiàn)隨著獵豹的成長，它們會(huì)花更多的時(shí)間獨(dú)處；據(jù)此可以推斷，劃線單詞“they”指代上文中

的“動(dòng)物園”。故選A。

12.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“SanDiegoandotherzooshavestartedprogramstomakesurecheetahswon'tdie

out.Theyalsostudycheetahbehaviorandsupportprogramstoprotectcheetahsinthewild.“可知，圣地亞哥和其

他動(dòng)物園已經(jīng)啟動(dòng)了確保獵豹不會(huì)滅絕的項(xiàng)目；他們還研究獵豹的行為，并支持保護(hù)野生獵豹的計(jì)劃；據(jù)

此可以推斷，動(dòng)物園飼養(yǎng)獵豹的主要目的是為了確保它們不會(huì)滅絕，即仍然能在地球上生存。故選D。

04、閱讀理解

ThereisaplacenamedSharkBay（鯊魚灣）inthewesternAustralia.Atleast28kindsofsharksare

swimmingthroughtheclearwaterthere-thelargestintheworld.Especiallytigersharksarecommonvisitorsto

SharkBay.Theymovetheir15-foot-long（4.5meters）bodiesthroughtheseagrass,sometimescatchinghugesea

cowsforameal.Althoughtigersharksaredangeroustothem,theyareimportanttothehealthoftheocean

ecosystem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）.Infact,theycanalsobeourpowerfulfriendsinstoppingclimatechange.

ItallcomesbacktotheseagrassthatmoveswiththewavesinSharkBay.Theseagrassisfoodforthesea

cows.Eacheatsabout40kilogramsofseagrassaday.Bycontrollingtheseacowpopulations,tigersharksinShark

Bayhelptheseagrassbedsgrow.AgoodseagrassbedstorestwiceasmuchCO2persquaremileasforestsdoon

land.

Butintheworld,tigersharkpopulationsarebecomingsmaller,includingsomepopulationsinAustralia.Off

Australia'snortheastcoastofQueensland,itissaidthattigersharkshavefallenbyatleast71%,largelybecauseof

overfishingandbycatch（誤捕）.Areductionintigersharksmeansmoreseagrasseatenandlesscarbonkeptinthe

ocean.

InSharkBay,thetigersharksareabletoachievethebalancebykeepingseacowpopulationsdown,andnot

allthebay'sseagrassislost.Butherecomesthequestion:Whatifsharksdisappearedfromthebay?Theneedto

understandhowtheysupporttheirecosystemsbecomesevenmoreurgent（緊迫的）.

13.WhichstatementsistrueaccordingtoParagraph1?

A.Tigersharkseatseacows.

B.Thetigersharkisthelargestofitskind.

C.Aseagrassbedisabout4.5meterslong.

D.Seacowsareharmfultotheoceanecosystem.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordttthey^^referto?

A.Visitors.B.Seacows.C.Tigersharks.D.Seagrassbeds.

15.Howmuchseagrasscantwoseacowseataday?

A.20kg.B.40kg.C.60kg.D.80kg.

16.Whafsthesituationoftigersharks?

A.Theyareoverfishingseacows.B.TheyaremovingoutofAustralia.

C.Theirpopulationsarebecomingsmaller.D.Theirlivingconditionisbecomingworse.

17.Whatisthewriter'spurposeofwritingthispassage?

A.Togivesomeinformationaboutsharks.

B.Togivesomeinformationabouttigersharks.

C.Totellustherewillbemoreseacowsinthefuture.

D.Tocallonhumanstotakeactiontoprotecttigersharks.

【答案】13.A14.C15.D16.C17.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了在澳大利亞西端的鯊魚灣中，虎鯊是我們阻止氣候變化的有力朋

友，因此了解虎鯊是如何支持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的需求變得更加迫切了。

13.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theymovetheir15-foot-long（4.5meters）bodiesthroughtheseagrass,

sometimescatchinghugeseacowsforameal.“可知，虎鯊有時(shí)會(huì)捕捉巨大的海牛作為一頓大餐。故選A。

14.詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“Althoughtigersharksaredangeroustothem,theyareimportanttothehealthof

theoceanecosystem（生態(tài)系統(tǒng)）.”可知，虎鯊對(duì)海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的健康很重要，故此處的劃線單詞指的是“虎鯊”。

故選C。

15.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theseagrassisfoodfortheseacows.Eacheatsabout40kilogramsofseagrassa

day.”可知，每只海牛每天要吃大約40公斤的海草，故兩只海牛一天要吃80公斤的海草。故選D。

16.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容“Butintheworld,tigersharkpopulationsarebecomingsmaller,“可知，在全

球范圍內(nèi)，虎鯊的數(shù)量正在減少。故選C。

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17.主旨大意題。通讀最后一段可知，虎鯊能夠通過減少海牛的數(shù)量來達(dá)到平衡，因此了解虎鯊是如何支

持生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的需求變得更加迫切了，以此呼吁人們不應(yīng)該獵殺太多鯊魚，因此人們應(yīng)該采取行動(dòng)保護(hù)生態(tài)

系統(tǒng)。故選D。

01、閱讀理解

Animalshavebeenhelpersforhumanactivities.Agroupofclams（河蚌）recentlycaughtpeople'sattention

afteranarticlewaspostedbyChinaScienceCommunicationonline.Althoughtheseclamsareusuallyregardedas

notingmorethandeliciousfood,theyworktomonitor（監(jiān)測）thelocalwaterqualityinPoland.

TheRiverWisla,helpsprovidewatertoWarsaw,thecapitalofPoland.However,onespecialfactorwhich

influencesthewaterqualityhasbeenheavymetals,andresearcherslookedforhelpfromnaturetosolvethis

problem.Clamsareeasytofeelaboutthethingswhichmaycausepollutionintheirenvironment.Theyshuttheir

shells（殼）immediatelyaftermonitoring"dangerous“water.

Basedonthis,theresearcherschoseeightclamsatatimeandrecordedthenaturalopeningoftheirshells.

Aftertheclamsgetusedtothelocalwater,theyareplacedinaspeciallydesignedboxwhichisputintheriver.

Withsensors（感應(yīng)器）stuckontotheirshells,theclamsareconnectedtoasystemthatrecordshowwidetheshells

areopen.Iffourormoreclamsclosetheirshellsalmosttogether,analarmwillgooffandthewatersupplywillbe

shutdown.

Theresultisdependablebecausetheresearchershadconsideredmanydifferentfactorsatthesametime

whiletestingbeforeusingtheclams.

1.Wherecanwereadthearticle?

A.OntheInternet.B.Ontheradio.C.Inabook.

2.WhatworkcanclamsdoinPolandaccordingtothepassage?

A.Improvethelocalwaterquality.

B.Influencethelocalwaterquality.

C.Monitorthelocalwaterquality.

3.Iftherearefiveclamsshuttheirshellsatthesametime,whatwillhappen?

A.Nothingwillhappen.

B.Thealarmwillgooff.

C.Thewatersupplywon'tbeshutdown.

4.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Clamsareonlyusedtobecookedasdeliciousfood.

B.HeavymetalsinfluencethewaterqualityintheRiverWisla.

C.Researchersdidn'tgethelpfromnaturetosolvetheproblem.

【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.B

【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了河蚌對(duì)于波蘭水質(zhì)監(jiān)測起到的積極作用。

1.推理判斷題。本文是一篇關(guān)于河蚌對(duì)于波蘭水質(zhì)監(jiān)測起到的作用的研究報(bào)道，因此我們可能會(huì)在網(wǎng)上讀

到。故選A。

2.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Althoughtheseclamsareusuallyregardedasnotingmorethandeliciousfood,theyworkto

monitor（監(jiān)測）thelocalwaterqualityinPoland.”可知河蚌在波蘭可以監(jiān)測當(dāng)?shù)厮|(zhì)。故選C。

3.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"Iffourormoreclamsclosetheirshellsalmosttogether,analarmwillgooffandthewater

supplywillbeshutdown.”可知如果有四個(gè)或更多的河蚌同時(shí)合上了殼，警報(bào)器就會(huì)響。故選B。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)"TheRiverWisla,helpsprovidewatertoWarsaw,thecapitalofPoland.However,onespecial

factorwhichinfluencesthewaterqualityhasbeenheavymetals”可知重金屬影響了維斯瓦河的水質(zhì)。故選B。

02、閱讀理解

Whenyouthinkofthesea,youmaynotthinkofXinjiangorInnerMongolia.Butrecently,the“seafbod”

producedintheseplaceshasbecomepopular,especiallyafterJapanputnuclear-contaminatedwater（核污染水）

intothesea.

InNilkacounty（尼勒克縣）inXinjiang,about6,000tonsofrainbowtrout（虹魚尊魚）willbeproducedthis

year.Rainbowtroutbelongstothesamefamilyassalmon（鞋魚），whichisakindofwell-knownseafood.Ittastes

likesalmontoo.

Whydofarmerstherechoosetogrowfish?TheweatherinsomepartsofXinjiangisseldomhot,andthe

riversarefedbymeltwater（融水）fromtheTianshanMountains.Waterdeeperthan6metersalwaysstaysat10℃.

Asthemeltwaterisverycleanandcold,ifsa“comfbrtable“homeforfish,LiChunyu,aworkeratafishcompany

said.

Tomakesuretheriverstaysclean,thecompanyusesmachinestocleanfishwasteinthewater.Theyalso

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usenetcages（網(wǎng)箱）thataregoodfortheenvironment.Thenetsareabout51meterswideandlie25metersdeep

intheriver.

Atthesametime,inInnerMongolia,thewhitelegshrimp（南美白對(duì)蝦）growswell.Salinesoil（鹽堿土）

coversalargepartofthedesertwherefewplantsareabletogrow.FarmersusedtoputwaterfromtheYellowRiver

ontothefarmlandtowashawaythesalt.Thiswasawasteofsaltywater.

Scientiststhendecidedtocreate“seawater“withthesaltywaterbyaddinginsomeothercomponents（成分）.

Whitelegshrimpscanlivewellinthiskindofwater.Theytastenodifferentfromthesamekindofshrimpthat

growsinthesea.

5.Rainbowtroutcomfortablylivein.

A.anyopenwaterareaB.warmandcleanrivers

C.saltyandwarmoceansD.coldandcleanrivers

6.PeopleturntheireyesfromJapan'sseafoodtoXinjiang'sbecause.

A.Xinjiang*sseafoodismuchtastierB.theseaenvironmentispolluted

C.peoplefindanewoceaninXinjiangD.Xinjiangproducesallkindsofseafood

7.Toavoidwaterpollutioncausedbygrowingfish,thecompany.

?cleansthewaterwithmachines②growsfishinfixedwaterareas

③growsonekindoffishonceayear④cutsdownthefishproduction（產(chǎn)出）

A.①②B.③④C.①②③D.②③④

8.Whatcanyouinfer（推斷）fromthepassage?

A.Lifewillnotbedifferentwithoutseafood.B.Japanshouldn'tletoutnuclear-contaminatedwater.

C.Chinawon'tbeshortoffisheryproducts.D.Xinjiangisrichinnaturalresources.

【答案】5.D6.B7.A8.C

【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了新疆和內(nèi)蒙古的“海鮮”產(chǎn)品因日本排放核污染水后受到歡迎，并且介紹了虹蹲魚和南美

白對(duì)蝦的生長環(huán)境和養(yǎng)殖方法。

5.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段"Asthemeltwaterisverycleanandcold,ifsa6comfortable9homeforfish,LiChunyu,

aworkeratafishcompanysaid.”可知，虹魚尊魚生活在干凈寒冷的水中。故選D。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"Whenyouthinkofthesea,youmaynotthinkofXinjiangorInnerMongolia.But

recently,theaseafbod,producedintheseplaceshasbecomepopular,especiallyafterJapanput

nuclear-contaminatedwaterintothesea.”可知是因?yàn)槿毡竞宋廴舅瑢?dǎo)致海洋環(huán)境受到污染。故選B。

7.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Tomakesuretheriverstaysclean,thecompanyusesmachinestocleanfishwasteinthe

water.”和最后一段"Scientiststhendecidedtocreatecseawater?withthesaltywaterbyaddinginsomeother

components...Theytastenodifferentfromthesamekindofshrimpthatgrowsinthesea.”可矢口為避免養(yǎng)殖魚類對(duì)

水體造成污染，該公司使用機(jī)器清理水中的魚糞，在固定水域養(yǎng)魚。故選A。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“InNilkacountyinXinjiang,about6,000tonsofrainbowtroutwillbeproducedthis

year."以及“Atthesametime,inInnerMongolia,thewhitelegshrimpgrowswell”可知，在新疆尼爾卡縣，今年

將生