2025屆中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)課件（外研版廣西專用）09-二、句法-專題八 句子種類

第二部分

語(yǔ)法知識(shí)精講練二、句法專題八

句子種類考點(diǎn)1

陳述句

陳述句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（+其他）”，用于說(shuō)明事實(shí)或表達(dá)說(shuō)話人的看法，包括肯定形式和否定形式兩種。形式語(yǔ)序/構(gòu)成例句肯定形式正常語(yǔ)序I

understood

the

sentence.倒裝語(yǔ)序On

the

top

of

the

mountain

stands

an

old

tree.形式語(yǔ)序/構(gòu)成例句否定形式如果句子謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞等，其否定形式是在這些詞之后加notMr.

Hu

is

not

having

a

rest

in

his

bedroom.I

have

not

heard

the

latest

news

about

the

football

match.She

cannot

play

the

piano

well.續(xù)表形式語(yǔ)序/構(gòu)成例句否定形式如果句子謂語(yǔ)是實(shí)義動(dòng)詞，其否定形式是在實(shí)義動(dòng)詞之前加don’t/doesn’t/didn’tI

don’t

know

anything

about

it.She

doesn’t

like

coffee.We

didn’t

expect

to

meet

her

right

here.續(xù)表形式語(yǔ)序/構(gòu)成例句否定形式no，never，hardly等否定詞用在句子中也可構(gòu)成否定式He

can

hardly

speak

French.I

seldom

went

to

the

seaside

in

winter.續(xù)表1.—What

will

happen

if

we

change

the

time?—Half

the

class

________.

They

may

have

other

things

to

do.(

)

CA.

aren’t

coming

B.

don’t

come

C.

won’t

come2.Please

________

waste

paper

around.

We

should

keep

the

classroom

clean.(

)

AA.

don’t

throw

B.

doesn’t

throw

C.

haven’t

thrown3.—Madam，please

don’t

sit

in

this

area

for

kids.

Look

at

the

sign.—Oh，I’m

so

sorry，Sir.

I

________

it.

I

will

leave

right

now.(

)

AA.

didn’t

notice

B.

won’t

notice

C.

don’t

throw4.He

told

me

he

would

be

here

at

2

o’clock.

But

he

________

yet.(

)

CA.

didn’t

arrive

B.

isn’t

arriving

C.

hasn’t

arrived考點(diǎn)2

疑問(wèn)句（單項(xiàng)選擇：6年4考）?一般疑問(wèn)句（2023.35）問(wèn)句形式答語(yǔ)Be+主語(yǔ)+其他？Yes/No（，主語(yǔ)+be/be+not）.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形（+其他）？Yes/No（，主語(yǔ)+情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not）.問(wèn)句形式答語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞（Do/Does/Did/Have/Has/Had/Will）+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形/過(guò)去分詞+其他？Yes/No（，主語(yǔ)+助動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+not）.（2023.35）續(xù)表?特殊疑問(wèn)句（2023.37，北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2020.37）疑問(wèn)詞（組）含義及用法常用答語(yǔ)what什么，詢問(wèn)物品、職業(yè)或身份根據(jù)實(shí)際情況作答who誰(shuí)，詢問(wèn)人物which哪一個(gè)，詢問(wèn)特定范圍內(nèi)的人或物疑問(wèn)詞（組）含義及用法常用答語(yǔ)whose誰(shuí)的，詢問(wèn)所屬根據(jù)實(shí)際情況作答when什么時(shí)候，詢問(wèn)時(shí)間why為什么，詢問(wèn)原因where哪里，詢問(wèn)地點(diǎn)或位置how如何，詢問(wèn)方式續(xù)表疑問(wèn)詞（組）含義及用法常用答語(yǔ)how

much多少，詢問(wèn)不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量代詞/數(shù)詞+單位名詞+of+不可數(shù)名詞.多少錢(qián)，詢問(wèn)價(jià)格根據(jù)實(shí)際情況作答how

many多少，詢問(wèn)可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量數(shù)量（+單位名詞+of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)）.續(xù)表疑問(wèn)詞（組）含義及用法常用答語(yǔ)how

often多久一次，詢問(wèn)頻率頻度副詞/次數(shù)+a（n）/one+表示時(shí)間的名詞.how

long多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間，詢問(wèn)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)短（北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2020.37）①For+時(shí)間段.②Since+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或從句.多長(zhǎng)，詢問(wèn)物體的長(zhǎng)度數(shù)詞+單位名詞+long.續(xù)表疑問(wèn)詞（組）含義及用法常用答語(yǔ)how

far（2023.37）多遠(yuǎn)，詢問(wèn)距離①I(mǎi)t’s+一段時(shí)間+’s…②距離.how

soon多久以后，詢問(wèn)將來(lái)的時(shí)間In+時(shí)間段.續(xù)表?選擇疑問(wèn)句

提出兩種或兩種以上的情況，要求對(duì)方選擇一種情況作答的問(wèn)句叫作選擇疑問(wèn)句，列出的情況常用or連接。問(wèn)句形式答語(yǔ)一般疑問(wèn)句+or+選擇項(xiàng)？選擇疑問(wèn)句不用yes或no回答，可用完整的陳述句或其中一個(gè)選擇項(xiàng)作答，也可用不定代詞all，both，either，neither或none作答特殊疑問(wèn)句+選擇項(xiàng)A+or+選擇項(xiàng)B？?反意疑問(wèn)句

附加在陳述句后的簡(jiǎn)單問(wèn)句叫作反意疑問(wèn)句。反意疑問(wèn)句遵循“三同一反”原則（三同：人稱+動(dòng)詞+時(shí)態(tài)；一反：前肯后否/前否后肯）。問(wèn)句形式答語(yǔ)肯定陳述句+否定疑問(wèn)句?Jack’s

father

works

as

a

coach，doesn’t

he?問(wèn)句形式答語(yǔ)否定陳述句+肯定疑問(wèn)句？My

brother

has

never

been

late

for

work，has

he?Let’s+祈使句，shallwe?Let’s

climb

to

the

top

of

the

mountain，shall

we?肯定祈使句，will/won’t

you?Be

sure

to

get

there

on

time，will

you?續(xù)表問(wèn)句形式答語(yǔ)否定祈使句，will

you？Don’t

be

late

again，will

you?續(xù)表

對(duì)反意疑問(wèn)句進(jìn)行回答時(shí)，不論陳述部分是肯定句還是否定句，若事實(shí)是肯定的，答語(yǔ)就要用yes；若事實(shí)是否定的，答語(yǔ)就要用no。在“前否后肯”的反意疑問(wèn)句的答語(yǔ)中，yes意為“不”，no意為“是的”。如：

—Mike

didn’t

come

to

your

party

last

night，did

he?

邁克昨晚沒(méi)有來(lái)參加你的聚會(huì)，是嗎？

—Yes，he

did./No，he

didn’t.

不，他來(lái)了。/是的，他沒(méi)來(lái)。1.（2024廣西34題）—Henry，________

is

your

job?—I’m

a

policeman.(

)

CA.

how

B.

where

C.

what2.（2023廣西35題）—Cindy，do

you

know

Wan

Buyan?—________.

He

received

the

title“Role

Model

of

the

Times”

in

May，2023.(

)

CA.

Yes，there

is

B.

Yes，he

will

C.

Yes，I

do3.（2023廣西37題）—________

is

it

from

your

school

to

the

Nature

Museum？—About

3

kilometres.(

)

AA.

How

far

B.

How

old

C.

How

much4.（2020北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)37題改編）—

________

is

the

head

teacher

going

to

make

a

speech?—For

one

hour

and

a

half.(

)

BA.

When

B.

How

long

C.

How

soon5.（2024綏化）—________

do

many

farmers

put

their

products

online

these

days?—To

sell

them

more

easily.(

)

AA.

Why

B.

How

C.

When6.（2024無(wú)錫改編）________

is

the

girl

wearing

a

scarf?

Is

she

your

sister?(

)

AA.

Who

B.

Which

C.

What7.（2024長(zhǎng)春改編）—________

are

these

sports

socks?—10

yuan

for

3

pairs.(

)

BA.

How

many

B.

How

much

C.

How

often8.（2024南寧二模）—Is

the

notebook

under

the

bed?—________

I

can’t

see

it.(

)

BA.

No，they

aren’t.B.

No，it

isn’t.C.

No，I

don’t.9.（2024河池二模）—Must

I

finish

the

task

in

two

days?—

________(

)

CA.

No，you

mustn’t.B.

No，you

shouldn’t.C.

No，you

needn’t.10.—Did

you

buy

anything

interesting?—________.

I

bought

my

favorite

storybook.(

)

BA.

No，I

didn’t

B.

Yes，I

did

C.

Yes，I

was11.—________

will

the

result

come

out?—In

three

days

at

least，ten

days

at

most.(

)

AA.

How

soon

B.

How

long

C.

How

often12.—Are

you

going

to

buy

the

green

skirt

or

the

blue

one?—________.

Green

is

always

my

first

choice.(

)

CA.

Yes，I

am

B.

No，I’m

not

C.

The

green

one13.She’s

never

tried

skydiving

before，________?(

)

CA.

is

she

B.

does

she

C.

has

she考點(diǎn)3

感嘆句（單項(xiàng)選擇：北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2019.39）形式結(jié)構(gòu)例句How引導(dǎo)How+形容詞/副詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）!（北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2019.39）How

beautiful

（thegirl

is）!How

beautifully

（thegirl

dances）!How+形容詞+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）!How

hard-working

a

girl

（she

is）!形式結(jié)構(gòu)例句How引導(dǎo)How+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)!How

time

flies!續(xù)表形式結(jié)構(gòu)例句What引導(dǎo)What+a/an+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）!What

a

beautiful

girl

（she

is）!What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）!What

interesting

books

（you

have

bought）!What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞（+主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）！What

fine

weather

（it

is）!續(xù)表1.（2019北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)39題改編）—Look

at

my

new

dress.—Wow!

________

beautiful

it

is!(

)

AA.

How

B.

How

a

C.

What2.（2024樂(lè)山）________

amazing

it

is!

The

Shenzhou

XVIII

members

raise

fish

for

the

first

time

in

Tiangong

space

station.(

)

BA.

What

B.

How

C.

What

an3.（2024云南改編）________

meaningful

day!

We

volunteered

to

clean

up

our

city

park.(

)

CA.

How

B.

What

C.

What

a4.（2024遂寧改編）—Hi，guys!

Our

team

won

the

first

place

in

the

table

tennis

match.—________

exciting

news

it

is!

We

are

so

happy

about

it.(

)

AA.

What

B.

How

C.

What

an5.（2024南寧一模）—Look!

The

children

are

playing

games

under

the

tree.—________

happily

they

are

playing!(

)

AA.

How

B.

What

C.

How

a6.________

noisy

children!

Go

and

ask

them

to

keep

quiet.(

)

BA.

How

B.

What

C.

What

a7.—The

pen

can

translate

what

you

write

down

into

English.—________

interesting

invention!(

)

BA.

What

B.

What

an

C.

How考點(diǎn)4

祈使句形式結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定形式（Please+）動(dòng)詞原形（句末用please時(shí)，前面通常加逗號(hào)）+其他.Practise

the

piano

every

day.Please

listen

to

me

carefully.Come

in，please.Be+形容詞/名詞（+其他.）Be

quiet

for

a

moment.形式結(jié)構(gòu)例句肯定形式Let+賓語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形（常用于第一人稱，表示建議、邀請(qǐng)或勸告等）（+其他.）Let’s

have

anothertry.續(xù)表形式結(jié)構(gòu)例句否定形式Don’t+動(dòng)詞原形+其他.Don’t

open

the

window.No+名詞/動(dòng)名詞.No

photos.

No

parking.Don’t

let

sb.+動(dòng)詞原形（+其他.）=Let

sb.

not+動(dòng)詞原形（+其他.）Don’t

let

him

go

there

alone.=Let

him

not

go

there

alone.Never+動(dòng)詞原形.Never

fear.續(xù)表1.（2024綏化）“Li

Ming，________

your

homework

first，and

you

can

watch

TV

for

30

minutes,”

said

his

mum.(

)

CA.

does

B.

did

C.

do2.________

a

lifelong

learner，and

you’ll

enjoy

a

great

treasure

of

knowledge

and

keep

your

mind

active

and

young.(

)

BA.

To

be

B.

Be

C.

Being3.Never

________

what

your

dream

is.

It

can

help

you

improve

yourself.(

)

AA.

forget

C.

forgetting

B.

to

forget4.—________

take

photos

here，Sir!

It

is

not

allowed

to

use

the

camera

here.—Sorry，I

won’t

do

that

again.(

)

CA.

Can’t

B.

Doesn’t

C.

Don’t5.Now

that

the

weather

is

nice，________

have

a

picnic

in

the

park.(

)

CA.

let

B.

doesn’t

C.

let’s考點(diǎn)5

There

be句型

“There

be+sb./sth.+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ).”表示“某地有某人/某物?！笔褂迷摼湫蜁r(shí)需注意以下幾點(diǎn)：?There

be句型的句式變化句式變化規(guī)則例句否定句在be

動(dòng)詞后面加not，not

any或noThere

is

not

a

book

on

the

desk.疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞提前到句首Is

there

a

book

on

the

desk??There

be句型的時(shí)態(tài)及結(jié)構(gòu)

There

be句型的時(shí)態(tài)變化體現(xiàn)在be動(dòng)詞上，且可以和助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。具體見(jiàn)下表：時(shí)態(tài)/含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞There

be句型一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)There

is/are…一般過(guò)去時(shí)There

was/were…一般將來(lái)時(shí)There

will

be…/There

is/are

going

to

be…現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)There

have/has

been…含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞There

can/may/should

be…?There

be句型的就近原則

be動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù)形式必須和There

be之后的第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。如果第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，be動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果第一個(gè)主語(yǔ)是可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，be動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：

There

is

a

book

and

two

pencils

on

the

desk.

There

are

many

children

playing

football

in

the

park.

There

are

few

sheep

on

the

farm.

“There

be句型”強(qiáng)調(diào)某地有