2025屆中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)課件（外研版廣西專(zhuān)用）03-一、詞類(lèi)-專(zhuān)題二 動(dòng)詞

第二部分

語(yǔ)法知識(shí)精講練一、詞類(lèi)專(zhuān)題二

動(dòng)詞知識(shí)必備

動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)和動(dòng)詞的基本形式動(dòng)詞的分類(lèi)?實(shí)義動(dòng)詞：有實(shí)在意義，表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，在句中能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)類(lèi)別用法和結(jié)構(gòu)例句及物動(dòng)詞用法：及物動(dòng)詞本身意義不完整，在句中必須接賓語(yǔ)才能使其意思完整，及物動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+及物動(dòng)詞+單賓語(yǔ)/雙賓語(yǔ)/復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)I

like

this

song.I

bought

my

father

a

pen.We

consider

him

an

honest

boy.類(lèi)別用法和結(jié)構(gòu)例句不及物動(dòng)詞用法：不及物動(dòng)詞本身意思完整，無(wú)須接賓語(yǔ)，也不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，“部分不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞”相當(dāng)于及物動(dòng)詞，其后可接賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)：主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞+介詞+賓語(yǔ)I

will

arrive

soon.I

will

arrive

in

your

city

soon.續(xù)表類(lèi)別用法和結(jié)構(gòu)例句及物動(dòng)詞&不及物動(dòng)詞同上述結(jié)構(gòu)和用法We

won.We

won

the

game.拓展：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞根據(jù)是否可以延續(xù)還可分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞【具體講解見(jiàn)本冊(cè)P114】續(xù)表?連系動(dòng)詞（含感官動(dòng)詞）：本身有一定意義，但是不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，必須和表語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)

類(lèi)別例詞結(jié)構(gòu)例句狀態(tài)類(lèi)系動(dòng)詞be，am，is，are，was，were主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)（名詞/形容詞）My

sister

is

tall.感官類(lèi)系動(dòng)詞feel，look，smell，sound，tasteThe

fish

smells

delicious.類(lèi)別例詞結(jié)構(gòu)例句表“變化”類(lèi)系動(dòng)詞become，get，turn，fall，go，grow主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)（名詞/形容詞）Her

face

turned

red

when

she

spoke

in

front

of

the

class.持續(xù)類(lèi)系動(dòng)詞keep，remain，stayHe

keeps

healthy

by

doing

exercise.續(xù)表類(lèi)別例詞結(jié)構(gòu)例句表“像”類(lèi)系動(dòng)詞seem，appear主語(yǔ)+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)（名詞/形容詞）The

man

seems

tired.續(xù)表?助動(dòng)詞：本身無(wú)意義，只能和它后面的動(dòng)詞一起作謂語(yǔ)，用來(lái)幫助構(gòu)成句子的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、否定句、疑問(wèn)句和簡(jiǎn)略回答例詞用法和結(jié)構(gòu)例句be，am，is，are，was，were與其他詞一起，構(gòu)成時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)等They

are

doing

their

homework.do，does，did構(gòu)成各種時(shí)態(tài)的否定式或疑問(wèn)式等They

didn’t

finish

their

homework.例詞用法和結(jié)構(gòu)例句have，has，had與其他詞一起，構(gòu)成完成時(shí)They

haven’t

finished

their

homework.will，would與其他詞一起，構(gòu)成將來(lái)時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)They

will

finish

their

homework

on

time.續(xù)表?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：表示說(shuō)話(huà)人對(duì)某個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的看法、態(tài)度等，不能單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，后接動(dòng)詞原形，基本沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。

例詞用法和結(jié)構(gòu)例句can，could，may，might，will，would，must，should等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞和實(shí)義動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)，基本無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化特例：have/hastoI

can

sing

this

song.【情態(tài)動(dòng)詞具體講解見(jiàn)本冊(cè)P110】動(dòng)詞的基本形式?動(dòng)詞的規(guī)則變化類(lèi)別情況變化規(guī)則示例動(dòng)詞原形→第三人稱(chēng)單數(shù)一般情況加-shelp→helps

improve→improves以s，x，ch，sh，o結(jié)尾加-esguess→guesses

fix→fixesteach→teaches

wash→washesgo→goes以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾先變y為i，再加-esfly→flies

study→studies類(lèi)別情況變化規(guī)則示例動(dòng)詞原形→過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞一般情況加-edhelp→helped/helpedwalk→walked/walked以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾加-dlive→lived/livedpromise→promised/promised以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾先變y為i，再加-edtry→tried/triedcarry→carried/carried續(xù)表類(lèi)別情況變化規(guī)則示例動(dòng)詞原形→過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞只有1個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-edstop→stopped/stopped續(xù)表類(lèi)別情況變化規(guī)則示例動(dòng)詞原形→現(xiàn)在分詞/動(dòng)名詞一般情況加-ingread→reading

feel→feeling以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾先去e，再加-inglive→living

write→writing以ie結(jié)尾的單音節(jié)詞先變ie為y，再加-ingdie→dying

lie→lying續(xù)表類(lèi)別情況變化規(guī)則示例動(dòng)詞原形→現(xiàn)在分詞/動(dòng)名詞只有1個(gè)輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)先雙寫(xiě)該輔音字母，再加-ingstop→stopping

run→running?動(dòng)詞的不規(guī)則變化【具體內(nèi)容見(jiàn)《教材詞句記背冊(cè)》P104】續(xù)表考點(diǎn)1

動(dòng)詞詞義辨析（單項(xiàng)選擇：6年6考；完形填空：每年1-4道）

解答動(dòng)詞詞義辨析類(lèi)試題時(shí)，首先要明確各選項(xiàng)的含義，然后分析語(yǔ)境，找出關(guān)鍵詞或前后的邏輯關(guān)系，從而確定正確答案。熟記動(dòng)詞的含義是正確解答此類(lèi)試題的關(guān)鍵。真題探究（2024廣西36題）You

should

___

your

car

slowly

when

passing

by

a

school.AA.

drive

B.

clean

C.

repair【方法點(diǎn)撥】第①步：分析語(yǔ)境：當(dāng)你經(jīng)過(guò)學(xué)校時(shí)，你應(yīng)該緩慢____車(chē)；第②步：分析選項(xiàng)：drive駕駛；clean打掃；repair修理；第③步：結(jié)合常識(shí)及選項(xiàng)可知此處表示“經(jīng)過(guò)學(xué)校時(shí)，應(yīng)緩慢駕車(chē)”，drive符合語(yǔ)境。1.（2022北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)36題）—Miss

Yao，may

I

________

your

computer

to

search

for

information?—Of

course.(

)

AA.

use

B.

count

C.

draw2.（2021北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)36題改編）—

________

here，please.—Sorry，I

will

move

the

car

away

right

now.(

)

CA.

No

swimming

B.

No

smoking

C.

No

parking3.（2020北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)34題改編）Look!

The

Whites

are________

for

a

big

family

dinner

in

the

kitchen.(

)

CA.

looking

B.

asking

C.

preparing4.（2024武漢改編）—What

a

team!

They’re

always

pulling

together.—Exactly.

No

force

can

________

them.(

)

AA.

separate

B.

push

C.

cost5.（2024梧州二模）Jim

is

going

to

join

the

Sports

Club

because

he

likes

________.(

)

CA.

singing

B.

reading

C.

running6.（2024欽州一模）Joe

invited

me

to

his

birthday

party，but

I

________

him

because

I

had

to

visit

my

grandparents.(

)

AA.

refused

B.

accepted

C.

received7.（2024梧州一模）—Come

home

before

dinner

time，Alvin.—ΟK.

I

________，Dad.(

)

CA.

worry

B.

guess

C.

promise8.（2024賀州一模）Li

Ling

couldn’t

come

back

home

during

the

Spring

Festival，so

she

________

her

family

very

much.(

)

CA.

trusted

B.

minded

C.

missed9.（2024柳州二模）Your

advice

________

good.

I

will

take

it.(

)

CA.

smells

B.

tastes

C.

sounds10.At

the

sports

meeting，our

team

________

the

other

teams

and

got

the

first

place.(

)

A.

trained

B.

beat

C.

preparedB11.—Let’s

get

close

to

nature

this

weekend，David.—Good

idea.

We

can

________

ourselves.(

)

BA.

help

B.

relax

C.

follow12.—Which

bubble

tea

should

I

choose?—Why

don’t

you

________

this

one?

It’s

the

most

popular.(

)

AA.

consider

B.

avoid

C.

hate13.—What

do

you

think

of

Paul?—He

is

honest.

All

of

us

________

him.(

)

AA.

trust

B.

improve

C.

protect14.Sora

is

amazing.

It

is

a

new

text-to-video

tool

________

by

Open

AI

company.

Maybe

it

can

make

our

life

more

colorful.(

)

AA.

created

B.

controlled

C.

repaired15.—There

are

too

many

books

in

your

bag.

It

________

too

much.—That’s

OK，Mum.(

)

CA.

brings

B.

offers

C.

weighs16.—The

flowers

are

very

beautiful

in

the

park.—Yes.

They

________

sweet.(

)

BA.

look

B.

smell

C.

taste考點(diǎn)2

動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析（單項(xiàng)選擇：每年1道；完形填空：6年3考）

解答動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析類(lèi)試題時(shí)，首先要明確各選項(xiàng)的含義，然后分析語(yǔ)境，找出關(guān)鍵詞或者前后的邏輯關(guān)系，從而確定正確答案。熟記動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的含義是正確解答此類(lèi)試題的關(guān)鍵?！緞?dòng)詞短語(yǔ)見(jiàn)《教材詞句記背冊(cè)》P93】真題探究（2024廣西38題）—Dad，let’s

___

early

to

do

exercise

tomorrow

morning.—OK，no

problem.BA.

look

up

B.

get

up

C.

give

up【方法點(diǎn)撥】第①步：分析語(yǔ)境：——爸爸，我們明天早上早點(diǎn)____做運(yùn)動(dòng)吧。——好的，沒(méi)問(wèn)題。；第②步：分析選項(xiàng)：look

up查閱，向上看；get

up起床；give

up放棄；第③步：結(jié)合語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)可知此處表示“早點(diǎn)起床”，get

up符合語(yǔ)境。1.（2023廣西39題）—I

think

robots

are

very

helpful.—I

________

you.

They

make

our

life

easier.(

)

BA.

wait

for

B.

agree

with

C.

worry

about2.（2022北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)39題）—Eric，I

found

a

watch

on

the

playground.—You’d

better

go

to

the

Lost

and

Found

Office

and

________.(

)

AA.

hand

it

in

B.

turn

it

down

C.

look

it

up3.（2021北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)37題改編）Tony

________

his

grandfather

in

the

hospital

last

summer.(

)

AA.

looked

after

B.

laughed

at

C.

pointed

at4.（2020北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)38題改編）—Dad，I

want

to

watch

TV.

Could

I________?—Of

course.(

)

BA.

put

it

up

B.

turn

it

on

C.

take

it

off混合型5.（2024齊齊哈爾）We

should

learn

to

be

independent.

We’d

better

not

________

our

parents

too

much.(

)

CA.

keep

on

B.

get

on

C.

depend

on6.（2024桂林二模）Please

________

the

form

if

you

want

to

learn

English

in

Los

Angeles.(

)

CA.

write

about

B.

make

up

C.

fill

out7.Our

English

teacher

often

asks

us

to

________

an

article

quickly

and

then

find

the

main

idea

of

it.(

)

BA.

put

up

B.

look

through

C.

take

away8.After

graduating

from

this

college，he

________

a

company.(

)

AA.

set

up

B.

cared

about

C.

put

on9.—Can

you

help

me

________

who

broke

my

window?—OK.

Wait

a

minute，please.(

)

A.

put

up

B.

find

out

C.

give

upB10.—Playing

in

nature

is

very

important

for

children

to

________.—I

quite

agree.(

)

CA.

look

after

B.

write

down

C.

grow

up11.Look!

There

are

too

many

people

on

this

bus.

Let’s

________

the

next

one.(

)

CA.

call

on

B.

care

about

C.

wait

for同一動(dòng)詞型12.（2019北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)36題改編）John，please

________

your

dictionary

from

the

schoolbag

and

look

up

the

new

word.(

)

CA.

take

away

B.

take

up

C.

take

out13.（2024達(dá)州改編）—Coco，I

can’t

understand

the

meaning

of

this

word.—You’d

better

________

the

word

in

your

dictionary.(

)

BA.

look

for

B.

look

up

C.

look

after14.It’s

nice

of

you

to

help

the

old

man

________

the

bus

and

find

a

seat

for

him.(

)

AA.

get

on

B.

get

up

C.

get

off15.—Your

desk

looks

pretty

tidy.—Thanks.

I

always

________

my

school

things

after

I

use

them.(

)

AA.

put

away

B.

put

on

C.

put

off16.As

long

as

we

work

hard，our

Chinese

Dream

is

sure

to

________.(

)

AA.

come

true

B.

come

out

C.

come

from同一介詞/副詞型17.（2024南寧二模）It’s

hot

in

the

room.

Why

don’t

you

________

your

thick

coat?(

)

CA.

put

off

B.

turn

off

C.

take

off18.（2024南寧二模）—I

think

English

is

very

interesting

to

learn.—I

________

you.(

)

AA.

agree

with

B.

talk

with

C.

deal

with19.Andrew

is

crazy

about

DIY，and

it

________

most

of

his

free

time.(

)

CA.

picks

up

B.

gives

up

C.

takes

up考點(diǎn)3

情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（單項(xiàng)選擇：6年3考）?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法（2023.32;北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2019.38）1.can與could情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句can（2023.32）表示能力，意為“能,會(huì)”Jim

can

sing

songs.表示請(qǐng)求、允許，意為“可以”Can

I

play

basketball

now？情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句couldcan的過(guò)去式，意為“能，會(huì)”，表示過(guò)去的能力Lily

could

swim

at

the

age

of

5.在疑問(wèn)句中表示委婉的請(qǐng)求Could

you

tell

me

the

way

to

the

post

office？表示委婉、客氣地提出建議We

could

write

a

letter

to

the

headmaster.續(xù)表2.

must與have

to情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句must表示主觀看法，意為“必須，一定”I

must

work

hard.have

to意為“不得不，必須”，多表示客觀必要I

have

to

get

up

early

tomorrow.

辨析must與have

to1.must表示說(shuō)話(huà)人的主觀意志，意為“必須”，無(wú)人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化；have

to意為“不得不”，強(qiáng)調(diào)受到外界客觀因素的迫使，可用于多種時(shí)態(tài)，且有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化。如：I

must

finish

my

homework

first.We

didn’t

want

to

go

to

the

party，but

we

had

to.2.must與have

to的肯定形式含義接近，但是否定形式的含義完全不同，mustn’t意為“禁止，不允許”，do/does/did

not

have

to意為“不必”，相當(dāng)于needn’t。如：You

mustn’t

take

this

book

to

the

classroom.You

don’t

have

to/needn’t

take

this

book

to

the

classroom.3.may與might情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句may表示請(qǐng)求、許可，意為“可以”May

I

speak

to

Amy？mightmay的過(guò)去式，表示請(qǐng)求、許可，語(yǔ)氣比

may

更委婉Might

I

ask

you

a

question？4.

will，would與shall情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句will表示意愿或請(qǐng)求，用于疑問(wèn)句中，常用于第二人稱(chēng)Will

you

please

pass

the

book

to

me？would表示建議或個(gè)人意愿，表示建議時(shí)，語(yǔ)氣較委婉Would

you

please

help

me

with

my

maths？情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句shall常用于疑問(wèn)句，多用于第一人稱(chēng)，表示請(qǐng)求或征求對(duì)方的意見(jiàn)Shall

we

go

to

the

zoo？續(xù)表5.

should，need與had

better情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句should意為“應(yīng)該”，用于肯定句或否定句中時(shí)，表示要求、命令、勸告或建議；用于疑問(wèn)句中時(shí)，表示征詢(xún)意見(jiàn)You

should

come

here

early.Should

I

come

here

early？need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，意為“需要”，常用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句中You

needn’t

come

here

early.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句had

betterhad

better意為“最好”，沒(méi)有人稱(chēng)和數(shù)的變化，?？s寫(xiě)為’d

betterYou’d

better

come

here

early.續(xù)表回答情態(tài)動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句的特殊情況：1.

由may或might引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答用may/can；否定回答用can’t/mustn’t。如：—May/Might

I

read

this

book?—Yes，you

may/can./No，you

can’t/mustn’t.2.由must引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答常用must；否定回答常用needn’t/don’t

have

to/doesn’t

have

to/didn’t

have

to（北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2019.38）。如：—Must

I

go

to

that

party?—Yes，you

must./No，you

needn’t/don’t

have

to.3.由need引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句，肯定回答用must；否定回答用needn’t。如：—Need

I

do

the

work

at

once？—Yes，you

must./No，you

needn’t.4.

回答以could引導(dǎo)的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí)，用can，不用could。如：—Could

I

use

your

mobile

phone?—Yes，you

can./No，you

can’t.?情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)的用法（北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2020.39）情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句肯定推測(cè)must表示非常有把握的肯定推測(cè)，意為“一定，肯定”It

must

be

raining

outside.

My

father’s

clothes

are

so

wet.may表示把握不大的肯定推測(cè)，意為“有可能，也許”John

may

come

back

at

5：00

pm.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句肯定推測(cè)might/could表示沒(méi)有把握的肯定推測(cè)，意為“有可能，也許”，可能性低于mayThe

pencil

might/could

be

Bob’s.續(xù)表情態(tài)動(dòng)詞含義及用法例句否定推測(cè)can’t（北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2020.39）表示十分有把握的否定推測(cè)，意為“一定不，不可能”He

can’t

be

having

a

meeting.

I

saw

him

just

now.may

not表示把握不大的否定推測(cè)，意為“可能不”Mandy

may

not

come

tonight.續(xù)表1.（2023廣西32題）—Can

you

speak

English，Lingling?—Yes，I

________.(

)

BA.

must

B.

can

C.

should2.（2020北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)39題改編）—Is

that

woman

in

the

lab

Ms

Jones?—No.

It

________

be

her.

She

has

gone

to

the

museum.(

)

AA.

can’t

B.

can

C.

mustn’t3.（2019北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)38題改編）—Must

I

hand

in

the

homework

right

now?—________.

That’s

the

rule.(

)

BA.

Yes，you

canB.

Yes，you

mustC.

No，you

mustn’t4.（2024菏澤）—Whose

volleyball

is

this?—It

________

be

Lucy’s.

She

loves

volleyball.(

)

BA.

can’t

B.

must

C.

mustn’t5.（2024常州改編）When

you

make

a

fresh

salad，you

________

add

your

favorite

fruit

if

you

would

like

to.(

)

AA.

may

B.

should

C.

must6.（2024雅安改編）—Is

that

your

friend

Laura

over

there?—No，it

________

be

Laura.

She

has

gone

to

Shenzhen.(

)

CA.

mustn’t

B.

needn’t

C.

can’t7.（2024柳州一模）—Must

I

stay

here

and

wait

for

you?—No，you

________.

You

can

go

home

now.(

)

AA.

needn’t

B.

can’t

C.

mustn’t8.I’m

surprised

to

know

that

camels

________

live

without

water

for

a

long

time.(

)

AA.

can

B.

must

C.

need9.—Be

careful!

We

________

cross

the

road

when

the

light

is

red.—I

see，Mum.(

)

BA.

needn’t

B.

mustn’t

C.

wouldn’t10.I

think

teenagers

________

share

some

housework

at

home.

It

helps

them

become

independent.(

)

CA.

could

B.

will

C.

should考點(diǎn)4

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)（單項(xiàng)選擇：6年5考）?一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)1.

主語(yǔ)+am/is/are（+表語(yǔ)）2.

主語(yǔ)+其他系動(dòng)詞原形/其他系動(dòng)詞單三形式+表語(yǔ)3.

主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形/動(dòng)詞的單三形式（+賓語(yǔ)）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)標(biāo)志詞1.

頻度副詞：always，usually，often，sometimes，seldom，never，hardly2.

頻度詞組：onceayear，twiceamonth，threetimesaday等3.

其他詞組：onSundays，atweekends，everyday/year…（every系列）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常見(jiàn)用法及例句1.

表示現(xiàn)階段經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作，常與頻度副詞連用。如：Ialwaysgetupearly.2.

表示主語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在的特征或狀態(tài)等。如：Shehasagoodsenseofhumor.3.

表示客觀真理、客觀存在或自然現(xiàn)象。如：The

earth

moves

around

the

sun.注意：如果賓語(yǔ)從句表示客觀真理、客觀存在或自然現(xiàn)象，即使主句是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句也要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)常見(jiàn)用法及例句4.

主將從現(xiàn)：若一個(gè)復(fù)合句含有由when，after，before，until，as

soon

as等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句或由if，unless，as

long

as，once等引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句，主句若用一般將來(lái)時(shí),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)。如：Ifyougotothatparty，Iwillgoaswell.5.

表示按計(jì)劃或安排好的將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來(lái)，但僅限于start，begin，leave，go，come，arrive等動(dòng)詞。如：The

train

leaves

at

five

thisafternoon.一般過(guò)去時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)1.

主語(yǔ)+was/were（+表語(yǔ)）2.

主語(yǔ)+其他系動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式+表語(yǔ)3.

主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式（+賓語(yǔ)）?一般過(guò)去時(shí)（2023.38）一般過(guò)去時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞1.

ago詞組2.

yesterday及yesterday詞組3.

last及l(fā)ast詞組4.

just

now，in

the

past，in

1920等5.

attheageof…，usedto…6.

oneday，longlongago，onceuponatime一般過(guò)去時(shí)常見(jiàn)用法及例句1.

表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間里發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：Igotupearlythismorning.2.

表示過(guò)去常?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常與頻度副詞連用。如：WhenNancywasalittlegirl,sheoftenplayedgameswithhersister.3.

有些句子沒(méi)有明確表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)，但根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知是過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。如：—Excuseme,Sir.It'sanon-smokingarea.—Sorry,Ididn'tseeit.一般將來(lái)時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)1.

主語(yǔ)+will/shall+動(dòng)詞原形（+表語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)）2.

主語(yǔ)+am/is/are

goingto+動(dòng)詞原形（+表語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)）?一般將來(lái)時(shí)一般將來(lái)時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞1.

tomorrow，soon2.

nextweek/month（next系列）3.

inaweek，in2026，in+一段時(shí)間4.

inthe（near）future一般將來(lái)時(shí)常見(jiàn)用法及例句1.

表示將來(lái)某個(gè)時(shí)間會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。如：TheywillleaveforShanghainextweek.2.

表示某種必然的趨勢(shì)。如：Fishwilldiewithoutwater.3.

“begoingto+動(dòng)詞原形”表示計(jì)劃、打算做某事情，表示已決定的、很可能發(fā)生的事情或有某種跡象表明要發(fā)生的事情。如：Iamgoingtovisitmygrandparentsthisweekend.（計(jì)劃）Lookatthedarkclouds.Thereisgoingtobeastorm.（客觀跡象）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+am/is/are+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞（+賓語(yǔ)）?現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)（2024.39；北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2021.38）現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞1.

now,rightnow2.

atpresent,atthistime,atthe/thismoment3.

when,while4.

Look!/Listen!現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常見(jiàn)用法及例句1.

表示此時(shí)此刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Iamwritinganemailtomycousin.2.

表示現(xiàn)階段一直在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，此刻不一定在進(jìn)行，常用時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：this/these+表示一段時(shí)間的名詞。如：Jimispreparingforanimportantpaintingcompetitionthesedays.現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)常見(jiàn)用法及例句3.

bedoing表示將來(lái)，常用這種結(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞有g(shù)o，come，leave，stay，start，begin，表示即將發(fā)生或安排好要做的事情。如：MyauntisleavingforShanghaithisafternoon.4.

與always，usually等詞連用，表示反復(fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，常含有贊揚(yáng)、不滿(mǎn)、厭煩、好奇等感情色彩。如：Youarealwaysforgettingimportantthings.（表示責(zé)備）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+was/were+動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞（+賓語(yǔ)）?過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)（北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2022.38,2019.37）過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞1.

then2.

atthattime，attenyesterday,atthistimeyesterday3.

when/while引導(dǎo)的表示過(guò)去時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)從句過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常見(jiàn)用法及例句1.

表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Iwastakingashowerwhenyoucalledmelastnight.2.

表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)持續(xù)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：WewerewatchingTVfromsixtoeightlastnight.3.

過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)常和always等副詞連用，表示過(guò)去頻繁發(fā)生的習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，此時(shí)的過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)帶有一定的感情色彩。如：Thetwobrotherswerealwaysquarreling.（表示厭煩）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)基本結(jié)構(gòu)主語(yǔ)+has/have+動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞（+表語(yǔ)/賓語(yǔ)）?現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞1.

already，ever，never，just，yet，still2.

recently，lately，sofar，uptillnow3.

inthepast/last3years/…4.

since1998,since+一段時(shí)間+ago5.

for+一段時(shí)間現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常見(jiàn)用法及例句1.

表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。如：Hehasturnedoffthelight.2.

表示從過(guò)去開(kāi)始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，也許還要持續(xù)下去，常和for，since連用，動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。如：Mr.Whitehasworkedinthisfactorysinceitopened.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)常見(jiàn)用法及例句3.

特殊用法：（1）have/hasgoneto已去某地（人未回）have/hasbeento曾去過(guò)某地（人已回）have/hasbeenin待在某地（2）Itis/hasbeen+時(shí)間段+since+一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子（3）It/Thisisthe+序數(shù)詞+time+that從句（用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)）這是第……次……拓展：實(shí)義動(dòng)詞還可以根據(jù)詞匯意義分為：①延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；②非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。分類(lèi)定義例詞例句延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示可以持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，可以和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用live，stay，study，work，keep，teachI

have

studied

in

this

school

for

three

years.分類(lèi)定義例詞例句非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示在短暫時(shí)間內(nèi)可以完成的動(dòng)作，不可以和表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用buy，lend，borrow，die，begin，stop，arriveShe

bought

a

nice

watch.續(xù)表

若句中含有表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞；如果動(dòng)詞是非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，則要將非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)化為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。常見(jiàn)轉(zhuǎn)化見(jiàn)下表：非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）becomebediebe

deadbegin/startbe

onlosenot

havefinishbe

overmarrybe

married非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）borrowkeepput

onwear/be

inbuyhavearrive

in/at/reach/get

tobe

incomebe

herecatch

a

coldhave

a

coldgobe

awaybecome

ill/asleepbe

ill/asleep續(xù)表非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞（詞組）leavebe

away

fromfall

ill/asleepbe

ill/asleepclosebe

closedcome

backbe

backopenbe

openwake

upbe

awake如：I’ve

left

this

school

for

eight

years.（×）I’ve

been

away

from

this

school

for

eight

years.（√）續(xù)表1.有的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)可用于不同的時(shí)態(tài)中，如：always，usually，often，sometimes，never等頻度副詞可用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)，考生需結(jié)合語(yǔ)境確定正確的時(shí)態(tài)。如：The

girl

is

never

late

for

school.When

my

mother

was

young，she

was

never

late

for

school.2.一般過(guò)去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的易混辨析兩者都表示過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情。但一般過(guò)去時(shí)只強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情本身，不涉及與現(xiàn)在的關(guān)系；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)則強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響，主要說(shuō)明現(xiàn)在的情況。如：I

opened

the

door

just

now.

我剛才開(kāi)了門(mén)。（指剛才做了“開(kāi)門(mén)”的動(dòng)作，但現(xiàn)在門(mén)是否開(kāi)著并未說(shuō)明）I

have

opened

the

door.

我已經(jīng)把門(mén)打開(kāi)了。（門(mén)現(xiàn)在還開(kāi)著）3.一般過(guò)去時(shí)和過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的易混辨析一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生過(guò)的動(dòng)作，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作結(jié)束了，側(cè)重于事實(shí)；過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作在過(guò)去某時(shí)刻或某段時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性和未完成性。如：I

wrote

a

letter

to

a

friend

last

night.

昨天晚上我給一個(gè)朋友寫(xiě)了一封信。（信寫(xiě)完了，強(qiáng)調(diào)事實(shí)）I

was

writing

a

letter

to

a

friend

at

this

time

last

night.

昨天晚上這個(gè)時(shí)候，我正在給一個(gè)朋友寫(xiě)信。（信不一定完成了，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作）有標(biāo)志詞1.（2024廣西39題）Listen!

The

birds

________in

the

tree

now.(

)

CA.

sing

B.

sang

C.

are

singing2.（2023廣西38題）Yesterday

I

________basketball

with

my

classmates.

We

had

a

good

time.(

)

CA.

will

play

B.

play

C.

played3.（2022北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)38題）—What

were

you

doing

when

I

called

you

last

night?—I

________

football

with

my

father.(

)

CA.

play

B.

will

play

C.

was

playing4.（2021北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)38題改編）Look!

The

musician

________

at

the

piano，ready

to

play.(

)

BA.

sat

B.

is

sitting

C.

was

sitting5.（2019北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)37題改編）—

I

went

to

your

office

at

9:00

yesterday

morning，but

you

were

not

in.—Sorry，I

________with

the

manager

in

the

meeting

room

at

that

time.(

)

BA.

am

talking

B.

was

talking

C.

have

talked有標(biāo)志詞6.（2024樂(lè)山）—Hello，may

I

speak

to

Jenny，please?—Wait

a

minute，please.

She

________

in

the

kitchen

now.(

)

BA.

cooked

B.

is

cooking

C.

will

cook7.（2024無(wú)錫改編）Hey，John!

What’s

up?

I

________

a

shower

when

you

called.(

)

BA.

have

taken

B.

was

taking

C.

am

taking8.（2024連云港改編）As

a

Chinese

traditional

martial

art

（武術(shù)），Taijiquan

________

to

more

than

150

countries

all

over

the

world

so

far.(

)

CA.

spreads

B.

will

spread

C.

has

spread9.The

volunteers

________

a

book

bank

since

a

year

ago

to

encourage

the

kids

in

poor

areas

to

read

more

books.(

)

BA.

built

B.

have

built

C.

will

build10.I

decide

to

go

to

New

Zealand

next

August，and

I

________

in

my

aunt’s

house

for

two

years.(

)

BA.

lived

B.

will

live

C.

have

lived11.Judy

________

the

volunteer

program

two

years

ago.(

)

BA.

joins

B.

joined

C.

is

joining12.Andy

is

a

sweet

and

smart

child，and

he

often

________

praise

from

his

teachers.(

)

AA.

gets

B.

is

getting

C.

will

get13.—Have

you

heard

of

a

new

AI

tool

called

Sora?—Of

course!

I

________

a

video

produced

by

it

last

week.

(

)

AA.

watched

B.

will

watch

C.

am

watching14.Students

in

Grade

Nine

________

a

math

exam

at

this

time

yesterday.(

)

CA.

took

B.

have

taken

C.

were

taking無(wú)標(biāo)志詞15.—It’s

quite

noisy

in

the

classroom.—So

it

is.

All

the

students

________

happily

because

of

the

coming

party.(

)

BA.

talk

B.

are

talking

C.

talked16.Look!

The

dress

is

really

beautiful.

My

mother

________

it

for

me.(

)

AA.

bought

B.

buys

C.

has

bought17.—Which

team

________

the

football

match?—I’m

not

sure.

The

two

teams

both

play

well.

Let’s

wait

and

see.(

)

CA.

wins

B.

won

C.

will

win18.—Hurry

up，Alice!

Everybody

________

for

you.—All

right.

I’m

coming

at

once!(

)

CA.

waited

B.

has

waited

C.

is

waiting19.Not

only

I

but

also

she

________

hanging

out

in

the

shopping

mall.(

)

AA.

likes

B.

like

C.

is

liking考點(diǎn)5

動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)（單項(xiàng)選擇：北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2020.40）

英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)之間的關(guān)系，英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：1.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：I

cleaned

the

classroom

yesterday.

我昨天打掃了教室。2.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，主語(yǔ)是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作的承受者。如：The

classroom

was

cleaned

by

me

yesterday.

教室昨天被我打掃了。

學(xué)生應(yīng)根據(jù)句子主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的邏輯關(guān)系判斷試題考查主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)還是被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)具體講解如下：?被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)

被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“助動(dòng)詞be+及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞”構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞be有人稱(chēng)、時(shí)態(tài)和數(shù)的變化。常見(jiàn)時(shí)態(tài)（含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞）的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)構(gòu)成如下：時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/are+doneThe

classroom

is

cleaned

by

us

every

day.時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/were+doneThe

classroom

was

cleanedby

us

yesterday

afternoon.一般將來(lái)時(shí)（北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)：2020.40）will/shall/be

goingto+be+doneThe

classroom

will

be

cleaned

by

us

this

afternoon.續(xù)表時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)例句含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+doneThe

classroom

should

be

cleaned

by

us

this

afternoon.續(xù)表?主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法

主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的特殊情況：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中有些感官動(dòng)詞（如hear，see，watch，notice等）和使役動(dòng)詞（如make，let等）后用不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)，要把不定式符號(hào)to還原。如：

hear/see

sb.

do

sth.→sb.

be

heard/seen

to

do

sth.make

sb.

do

sth.→sb.

be

made

to

do

sth.?主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義的情況主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)意義的情況例句某些系動(dòng)詞，如look，sound，taste，smell，feel等，可用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義The

T-shirt

feels

comfortable.表示主語(yǔ)的特征、狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞，如write，read，sell，clean，cook，burn等，與well，easily，quickly等副詞連用時(shí)，常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義Her

new

novel

sells

well.主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)意義的情況例句當(dāng)open，close，shut，lock，move等用作不及物動(dòng)詞且表示主語(yǔ)的某種屬性而不強(qiáng)調(diào)被執(zhí)行的動(dòng)作時(shí)，通常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義，此類(lèi)動(dòng)詞通常與can’t，won’t等連用The

door

won’t

open.續(xù)表主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)意義的情況例句表示“發(fā)生（take

place，happen）”“傳播（spread）”“爆發(fā)（break

out）”的不及物動(dòng)詞（詞組），常用主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)The

news

spreads

quickly.續(xù)表主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)意義的情況例句sth.

be

worth

doing結(jié)構(gòu)中，doing表示被動(dòng)意義This

book

is

worth

reading.“need/require/want+doing”相當(dāng)于“need/require/want+to

be

done”，to

be

done

是不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)Your

car

needs

washing.=Your

car

needs

to

be

washed.續(xù)表不能使用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的情況1.不及物動(dòng)詞（短語(yǔ)）沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),常見(jiàn)的有happen，take

place，belong

to等;2.

表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),常見(jiàn)的有have，own，fail，cost，fit，last（持續(xù)）等;3.祈使句一般沒(méi)有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài);4.反身代詞在句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí),不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；5.當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞leave，enter，reach等的賓語(yǔ)是表示地點(diǎn)和處所的名詞時(shí),不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。1.（2020北部灣經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)40題改編）—Have

you

heard

the

news

about

2020

Olympic

Games?—Yes.

Maybe

it

________

next

year

if

everything

goes

well.(

)

CA.

was

held

B.

is

held

C.

will

be

held2.（2024福建）The

photos

are

beautiful.

I

wonder

where

they

________.(

)

CA.

will

be

taken

B.

are

taking

C.

were

taken3.（2024涼山改編）—Do

you

know

the

Spring

Festival

became

a

UN

Floating

Holiday

in

2024?—Yes.

The

Spring

Festival

________

widely

in

the

world

nowadays.(

)

AA.

is

celebrated

B.

was

celebrated

C.

is

celebrating4.Some

free

health

services

________

for

old

people

in

the

countryside

in

the

near

future.(

)

CA.

provideB.

are

providedC.

will

be

provided5.—It’s

too

difficult

to

get

to

the

other

side

of

the

river.—I

think

a

bridge

________

over

the

river.

(

)

AA.

should

be

built

B.

should

build

C.

will

build6.Whenever

we

________

a

difficult

task，we

should

keep

trying

until

we

complete

it.(

)

BA.

give

B.

are

given

C.

will

give7.Many

new

energy

cars

produced

by

Chinese

brands

________

on

the

streets

now.(

)

CA.

ca