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第一部分
書面表達提分講練二、改錯潤色技巧講練
書面表達答案的多樣性和評分的靈活性是其顯著特點。在撰寫作文時,首要任務是確保所寫內(nèi)容嚴格遵循題目要求。細節(jié)的失誤往往是書面表達中常見的扣分因素。因此,學生在完成作文后,應進行仔細的校對和潤色,重點檢查并糾正可能存在的差錯,以避免不必要的扣分。以下是在作文完成后,學生應著重排查的錯誤類型:類型1
語法錯誤1.檢查句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確:英語句子必須符合六大句型或其他特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu),如祈使句等。缺主干成分是比較嚴重的語法錯誤,寫作時,應確保句子主干成分正確、完整【句子成分和簡單句六大基本句型見課堂精講冊P97】。如:The
environment
in
our
school
is
become
better
and
better.(×,出現(xiàn)了兩個謂語動詞,不符合英語的語法習慣,應將become改為becoming)2.檢查詞性使用是否正確。如:Bob
thinks
helping
others
can
bring
him
happy.(×,bringhim后接名詞,happy是形容詞,happy應改為happiness)3.名詞使用注意事項:不可數(shù)名詞無復數(shù)形式、可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式不能單獨出現(xiàn)(可以出現(xiàn)的形式:可數(shù)名詞復數(shù);a/an/the/其他修飾詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/復數(shù))、上下文形式應一致等。如:What
a
nice
weather
we
are
having
today!(×,weather是不可數(shù)名詞,前面不能用冠詞a)4.動詞使用注意事項:不同語境下,應注意使用正確形式,動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上應保持一致。如:When
Li
Hua
sees
these
plastic
bottles,
he
picked
them
up.(×,表示過去的事情,應用一般過去時,應將sees改為saw)5.情態(tài)動詞使用注意事項:情態(tài)動詞后跟動詞原形。如:The
boy
can
sings
very
well.(×,can后接動詞原形)
動詞的使用最為復雜,考生在檢查時,應注意時態(tài)、語態(tài)、詞形、及物動詞/不及物動詞、實義動詞/連系動詞、瞬間動詞、延續(xù)性動詞、謂語動詞/非謂語動詞的正確使用【動詞系統(tǒng)知識講解見課堂精講冊P106】6.形容詞/副詞使用注意事項:辨明在句中所作成分,選用正確形式。如:I
always
finish
my
homework
careful.(×,作狀語,修飾動詞finish應用副詞,應將careful改為carefully)7.介詞使用注意事項:辨明各介詞的用法;辨明介詞to與動詞不定式to。如:Huang
Yuting
was
born
in
September
3,
2006,
in
Taizhou.(×,具體日期前用介詞on)8.連詞使用注意事項:根據(jù)語境使用正確的連詞。I
will
go
to
the
UK,
I
am
sure
I
will
have
a
good
time
there.(×,兩個完整的句子應用連詞連接,表示遞進用and)9.代詞使用注意事項:形式正確、語法正確、避免指代不清。如:Jack
and
Tom
are
good
friends
because
he
is
always
friendly.(×,he指代不清)Jack
and
Tom
are
good
friends
because
they
are
always
friendly
to
each
other.(√)10.冠詞使用注意事項:注意冠詞的缺失或多余、注意a,
an,
the用法的區(qū)別、注意冠詞的固定搭配。如:When
I
was
in
Liuzhou,
I
had
a
great
time
with
kind
girl.(×,girl是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù),空前無限定詞,應加冠詞a/the,a表示“一個”;the表示特指)11.數(shù)詞使用注意事項:基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的正確使用、序數(shù)詞前必須加the/其他限定詞、概數(shù)詞是否加-s。如:Thousand
of
people
go
to
Chongqing
Zoo
to
celebrate
two
pandas’
birthday
on
July
22,
2024.(×,表示概數(shù),后接of時,thousand需加-s)12.復合句使用注意事項:引導詞/連接詞使用正確、主謂一致、從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整。I
hope
what
you
can
enjoy
yourself
when
you
are
here.(×,賓語從句不缺成分,引導詞應用that)13.固定搭配使用注意事項:注意動詞、介詞等固定用法是否使用正確。如:He
suggested
to
go
there
on
his
bike.(×,suggestdoingsth.為suggest的固定用法,應改為going)
語法錯誤的種類繁多,但在此僅列舉一些關鍵的注意事項和錯誤示例,以供參考。學生可結(jié)合課堂精講冊P97~P161內(nèi)容,扎實掌握初中階段的語法知識,并在實際的試題訓練中加以應用,以預防和糾正語法錯誤。技巧訓練在使用錯誤的單詞下劃橫線,并將正確形式寫在句子后的橫線上。1.My
uncle
is
play
basketball
now.________playing2.Jane
often
fly
a
kite
with
her
classmates._____flies3.It’s
nice
for
you
to
help
me
with
my
English.___of4.There
are
some
restaurant
near
the
park.___________restaurants5.Dave
has
already
wrote
a
letter
to
his
mother.________written6.The
boy
is
real
a
smart
and
hard-working
student._______really7.Jenny
is
such
a
kind
and
helpful
person
that
we
all
like
she._____her8.His
six-year-old
daughter
wants
learn
to
ride
a
bike._________to
learn9.Tom
usually
goes
to
school
by
the
bike.________刪掉the10.I
fed
some
sheeps
this
morning._______sheep11.The
nurse
was
exciting
to
see
the
scientist
in
her
office.________excited12.I’m
not
sure
if
or
not
he
will
come
on
time._________whether13.It
is
much
cold
than
it
was
yesterday._______colder14.What
a
good
advice
it
is!_______刪掉a15.Country
music
sounds
beautiful
and
many
people
enjoy
to
listen
to
it._________listening16.September
is
the
nine
month
of
the
year.______ninth17.She
can
play
the
piano
and
she
can’t
play
it
well._____but18.To
my
surprised,
they
helped
me
find
my
lost
bike.________surprise19.You
can
keeps
this
book
for
14
days.______keep20.About
two
hundreds
people
come
to
the
National
Park
on
sunny
days._________hundred類型2
語意不通
語意不通錯誤通常指的是句子或段落在邏輯上不連貫,或者表達的意思不清晰,針對此類問題,學生應注意語法結(jié)構(gòu)的正確運用、詞匯的正確選擇。I’m
Li
Hua,
a
student
who
cares
for
the
school
environment.(×,caresfor表示“照顧”,用在這里語意不通,可改為caresabout)I’m
Li
Hua,
a
student
who
cares
about
the
school
environment.(√)技巧訓練1.How
long
is
it
from
here
to
your
home?____far2.I
hurt
myself
when
I
played
basketball
the
day
after
yesterday.
_______before3.We
could
visit
the
happy
kids
in
the
hospital
to
cheer
them
up._____sick4.I
forgot
my
homework
at
home.
What
should
I
do?____left類型3
單詞拼寫錯誤、大小寫使用錯誤1.檢查寫作中的單詞拼寫,注意易混淆詞、同音詞、注意不規(guī)則變形形式。如:She
is
a
grate
singer.(grate錯誤單詞,應改為great)2.注意大小寫的正確運用,以下為常見的需要大寫首字母的情況:(1)專有名詞:人名、地名、機構(gòu)名等專有名詞的首字母需要大寫。(2)句首單詞:每個句子的第一個單詞的首字母需要大寫。(3)縮寫:縮寫詞的每個字母通常都大寫,如the
USA(美國)。(4)代詞:I(我)是唯一需要始終大寫的代詞。(5)月份和星期:月份和星期的名稱首字母需要大寫,如:January(一月),
Monday(星期一)。技巧訓練1.I
have
already
read
three
of
the
English
noevls._______novels2.take
the
medicine
and
rest
for
a
few
days.______Take3.Tom
likes
tuesday
because
he
has
an
art
lesson
on
that
day.
_________Tuesday4.Neither
Tony
nor
Frank
likes
the
cd
very
much.
_____CD5.Don’t
eat
too
much
chocolate.
It
is
bad
for
your
toothes._______teeth類型4
標點符號使用錯誤
以下為常見標點符號的正確運用:1.句號:用于結(jié)束陳述句,表示句子的結(jié)束。2.逗號:用于分隔列表中的項目、插入語、非限制性定語從句等。3.問號:用于結(jié)束疑問句(一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反義疑問句)。4.感嘆號:用于感嘆句后,表達強烈的情感或驚訝。技巧訓練1.Does
your
friend
like
salad.___?2.How
happy
the
children
are
in
the
garden.
__!3.I
have
many
hobbies,
such
as
singing、
dancing
and
drawing.__,4.Denise
has
gone
to
work,
She
will
be
back
at
five
o’clock.
__.類型5
母語干擾錯誤
中文的語法、詞匯或表達習慣會對英語使用產(chǎn)生干擾。在寫作中應注意以下事項:1.注意語法結(jié)構(gòu)差異:My
school
not
far
from
my
home.(×,英語中完整的句子需要有謂語動詞/連系動詞,此處應在not前加is)2.注意詞匯的正確選擇:I
think
the
price
of
this
car
is
very
expensive.(×,英語中表示價格昂貴,不能用expensive,修飾price要用high)3.注意語序:I
very
like
this
bike.(×,根據(jù)英語表達習慣,應改為Ilikethisbikeverymuch.)技巧訓練1.I
hate
the
crowded
traffic
on
weekends._______heavy2.Betty
is
fifteen
years
old.
She
is
enough
old
to
look
after
herself.____________old
enough3.Enjoy
reading
books,
children!
You
can
study
more
knowledge.________get/gain4.The
animals
in
the
cartoon
strong
and
they
have
really
big
noses.___________are
strong綜合訓練閱讀短文,從短文中找出錯誤并修改,每篇短文中有10個錯誤。Passage
1
Two
students
were
asked
to
meet
the
teacher
through
a
forest.
There
were
two
path.
One
was
short
and
easy,
and
the
other
was
full
of
fallen
trees.
The
first
student
choosesthe
easy
path.
He
thought
he
was
so
clever
that
he
could
walk
through
1.______________path改為paths2._________________chooses改為chosewith
any
difficulty.
He
certainly
finished
first
and
enjoyed
himself.
The
second
student
decided
to
spend
time
jump.
.
over
the
fallen
trees
in
his
path.
After
arriving
at
the
finishing
line,
he
felt
tiring
and
regretted
choosing
that
path.
The
teacher
nodded
and
smiled
at
all.
.
of
them.
He
asked
them
to
get
prize
by
a
stream
three
days
later.
3.________________4._________________with改為withoutjump改為jumping5._______________6._________________
tiring改為tiredall改為both7.___________prize前加aWhile
the
students
arrived,
they
found
they
needed
to
jump
over
the
stream.
It
was
a
few
meters
widely.
The
teacher
said,
“Everything
you
have
done
till
now
will
be
preparing
well
for
this
moment.
This
jump
will
help
you
become
better.”
The
second
student
made
it
at
last.8._____________________While改為When/Afterwidely改為wide10.______________________preparing改為prepared9._______________Passage
2Dear
Molly,
I’ve
just
got
your
letter
with
the
picture
of
you
riding
your
bike.
I
can
tell
how
much
funny
you’re
having
from
the
smile
on
your
face.
I
still
remember
that
time
when
you
couldn’t
hardly
ride
a
bicycle.
You’ve
come
a
long
way!
Now
here’re
some
new
suggestion.
I’m
sure
you’re
a
good
rider.
So
it
is
1.______________funny改為fun2._________________couldn’t改為could3.________________________suggestion改為suggestions4.___________So改為Butdangerous
to
ride
without
a
helmet
(頭盔).
So
please
get
you
a
helmet.
Wearing
a
helmet
when
you
ride
a
bike
is
as
important
as
wear
your
seat
belt
when
you
are
in
a
car.
I
not
a
bossy
know-it-all.
I
just
don’t
want
that
smile
to
be
took
away
from
your
face.
When
you
visit
me
in
this
summer,
bring
your
bike
and
helmet.
we’ll
take
some
great
rides
together!Yours,Dora5.________________you改為yourself6._________________wear改為wearing7.___________not前加am8.______________took改為taken9._______刪掉in10.___________we改為WePassage
3
Hi!
I’m
Lin
Tao.
When
I
was
a
little
boy,
I
learned
some
rule.
I
will
never
forget
a
first
class
in
my
primary
school.
All
of
us
entered
our
classroom.
The
teacher
said
hello
to
us
with
a
smil
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