初中英語(yǔ)補(bǔ)課資料

初中英語(yǔ)補(bǔ)課資料初中英語(yǔ)補(bǔ)課資料初中英語(yǔ)補(bǔ)課資料資料僅供參考文件編號(hào)：2022年4月初中英語(yǔ)補(bǔ)課資料版本號(hào)：A修改號(hào)：1頁(yè)次：1.0審核：批準(zhǔn):發(fā)布日期：putin打斷；插嘴putaway儲(chǔ)存（錢(qián)）；儲(chǔ)存…備用；把```收好putoff延期；推遲putup張貼；留宿；舉起putout熄滅；關(guān)熄；撲滅puton穿上putdown(=writedown)記下；寫(xiě)下putforward提出（意見(jiàn)、建議）putaside節(jié)?。ㄥX(qián)、時(shí)間）；儲(chǔ)蓄；儲(chǔ)存…備用putupwith忍受練一練：①M(fèi)anyflights______________becauseoftheheavyfog(霧)inJiangbeiairport.A.wereputon B.wereputin C.wereputoff D.wereputupintime及時(shí)ontime準(zhǔn)時(shí)；按時(shí)attimes=fromtimetotime有時(shí)atanytime任何時(shí)候haveagoodtime過(guò)得開(kāi)心atthesametime同時(shí)atonetime=onceuponatime從前；曾經(jīng)innotime立刻；馬上（atonce;rightaway）atalltimes一直aheadoftime提前takeone’stime慢慢來(lái)；不急killtime消磨時(shí)間savetime節(jié)約時(shí)間wastetime浪費(fèi)時(shí)間Timeflies=Howtimeflies!時(shí)光飛逝Timewilltell.時(shí)間會(huì)證明一切It’stimetodosth.atatime一次練一練：－Thenewsreportedthatthemanintheaccidentwassaved___________.－Great!Howluckyhewas!A.intime B.ontime C.attimes D.atanytime3.把…帶去給某人take…toe.g:Pleasetakethesethingstoyoursister.把…帶來(lái)給某人bring…toe.g:Canyoubringmyhomeworktoschool?

4.look、see、watch、read的用法：四個(gè)詞均與眼睛有關(guān)。look指放眼去“看”(不管是否看得到),指“看”的過(guò)程；see指“看見(jiàn)”這一結(jié)果,有時(shí)see還引申為“明白”,表示“看”時(shí)后面加“電影”等詞；watch指專注的看,含有“注視、監(jiān)視”之義,后面常跟“電視、比賽”等詞；read限制為看書(shū)面材料,譯為“看、閱讀”,后面跟“書(shū)、報(bào)紙、雜志”等詞。如：Whatareyoulookingat(你在看什么)

/Pleaselookattheblackboard.(請(qǐng)看黑板)/Letmegotoseethefilm,mum,willyou?(媽媽,讓我去看電影吧,好嗎)

/Hewon’tfeelwelluntilhefinisheswatchingthefootballmatch.(要看完了足球賽他才會(huì)感覺(jué)好些)/Readinggivesusknowledge.(閱讀給我們知識(shí))5.borrow、lend、keep的用法：表示“借”的三個(gè)詞,borrow“借進(jìn)”。lend“出借”都是一次性動(dòng)作,不可以和表示一段的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。keep“保存”用來(lái)表示借一段時(shí)間。如：IhavelostthebookIborrowedfrommyteacher.WhatcanIdo?(我丟掉了從老師那里借來(lái)的書(shū))/Howlonghaveyoukeptmydictionary,eh?Formorethantwomonths!(呃,我的字典你借了多久了？?jī)蓚€(gè)多月了！6.與···相同：thesame```as;與```不同：bedifferentfromThetwinsmaylookthesame_____eachother,buttheyaredifferent______manyways.A.as,from B.of,from C.as,in D.with,from7.英語(yǔ)句子成分講解:主語(yǔ)（subject）:句子說(shuō)明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast.（名詞）Helikesdancing.（代詞）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.（動(dòng)名詞）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主語(yǔ)從句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主語(yǔ)，主語(yǔ)從句是真正主語(yǔ)）謂語(yǔ)（predicate）:說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作、狀態(tài)和特征。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.表語(yǔ)（predicative）:系動(dòng)詞之后的成分，表示主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.（名詞）Seventy-four!Youdon’tlookit.（代詞）Fiveandfiveisten.（數(shù)詞）Heisasleep.（形容詞）Hisfatherisin.（副詞）Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語(yǔ))Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容詞化的分詞）Towearafloweristosay“I’mpoor,Ican’tbuyaring.（不定式）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（表語(yǔ)從句）常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有:be,sound,look,feel,smell,taste,become,turn,get...Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.NowIfeeltired.Thetreesturngreeninspring.賓語(yǔ)：1）動(dòng)作的承受者-----動(dòng)賓IlikeChina.（名詞）Hehatesyou.（代詞）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（數(shù)詞）Weshouldhelptheoldandthepoor.Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（動(dòng)名詞）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid（賓語(yǔ)從句）

2）介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-----介賓AreyouafraidofthesnakeUnderthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）雙賓語(yǔ)-----間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.賓補(bǔ)：對(duì)賓語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充，全稱為賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名詞）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidn’tcomehere.（名）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容詞）Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞)Pleasemakeyourselfathome.(介詞短語(yǔ)）Don’tlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（帶to不定式）Don’tkeepthelightsburning.（現(xiàn)在分詞）I’llhavemybikerepaired.（過(guò)去分詞）主補(bǔ)：對(duì)主語(yǔ)的補(bǔ)充。Hewaselectedmonitor.Shewasfoundsinginginthenextroom.Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.定語(yǔ)：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。AiYanlingisachemistryteacher.（名詞）Heisourfriend.（代詞）Webelongtothethirdworld.（數(shù)詞）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（形容詞）Themanoverthereismyfriend.(副詞)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（現(xiàn)在分詞）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（過(guò)去分詞）Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（不定式）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（定語(yǔ)從句）狀語(yǔ)：用來(lái)修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidn’tstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.8.英語(yǔ)五種簡(jiǎn)單句講解一種簡(jiǎn)單主謂型S+V二種基本主謂賓S+V+O三種常見(jiàn)主系表S+V+P四種主謂加雙賓S+V+O1+O2五種主謂賓補(bǔ)型S+V+O+CS（subject）=主語(yǔ)，V（verb）=謂語(yǔ)，系動(dòng)詞O（object）=賓語(yǔ)，P（predicative）=表語(yǔ)，O1（indirectobject）=間接賓語(yǔ)，O2（directobject）=直接賓語(yǔ)，C（complement）=補(bǔ)語(yǔ)一、主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞S+V不能直接加賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞叫做不及物動(dòng)詞。例如：1.Thebabylaughs.2Thechildrenareswimming.二、主語(yǔ)＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)S+V+O后面跟賓語(yǔ)意思才完整的動(dòng)詞是及物動(dòng)詞。名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、動(dòng)詞不定式都可以做賓語(yǔ)。例如：1.Theworkersmademachines.2.Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.三、主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語(yǔ)S+V+P初中階段常見(jiàn)的系動(dòng)詞有：get,be,turn,look,smell,taste,sound,become等。表語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)中的一種特殊成分，常跟在連系動(dòng)詞后面。表語(yǔ)一般由名詞或形容詞等充當(dāng)。例如：1.Hebecameangry.2.Mymotherisateacher.四、主語(yǔ)＋及物動(dòng)詞＋間接賓語(yǔ)＋直接賓語(yǔ)S+V+O1+O2有些及物動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)（雙）賓語(yǔ)，指人的賓語(yǔ)叫做間接賓語(yǔ)，指物的賓語(yǔ)叫做直接賓語(yǔ)，合稱為雙賓語(yǔ)。如把直接賓語(yǔ)放在間接賓語(yǔ)之前，間接賓語(yǔ)前要加介詞to或者for。1.與介詞to的連用的動(dòng)詞主要有g(shù)ive,bring,lend,pass,show,teach,tell,take,send等。例如：Hegavemearuler.=Hegavearulertome.2.與介詞for連用的動(dòng)詞主要有：buy,cook,do,find,get,leave,make,play等。例如：Mymotherboughtonebeautifulbirthdaypresentforme.=Mymotherboughtmeabeautifulbirthdaypresent.注意：如果直接賓語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，必須將其置于間接賓語(yǔ)之前。【誤】Ineedsomesalt.Passmeit,please.【正】Ineedsomesalt.Passittome,please.五、主語(yǔ)＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)S+V+O+C賓語(yǔ)＋賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)叫做復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的常有以下幾類詞：1.后面一般跟不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)主足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：ask,get,order,tell,want,wish，allow等（V+sb.+todosth.）。例如：Ourteachertoldustocomeearlytomorrow.2.后面一般跟不帶to的不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：四“看”：see,watch,lookat,notice；三“使役”：let,have,make；二“聽(tīng)”：hear,listento；一“感覺(jué)”：feel等（V+sb.+dosth.）。例如：Didyouseehimcomein?句子成分分析專練E.g.Heisateacher.(主謂賓)SVP1.Ourschoolisnotfarfrommyhome.()2.Itisagreatpleasuretotalkwithyou.()3.Allofusconsideredhimhonest.()4.Mygrandfatherboughtmeapairofsportsshoes.()5.Hebrokeapieceofglass.()6.Hemadeitclearthathewouldleavethecity.()7.Iloveyoumorethanher,child.()8.Teesturngreenwhenspringcomes.()9.Theypushedthedooropen.()10.Grandmatoldmeaninterestingstorylastnight.()11.Hewrotecarefullysomeletterstohisfriends.()12.Allthestudentsthinkhighlyofhisteaching.()13.Weneedaplacetwicelargerthanthisone.()14.HeaskedustosinganEnglishsong.()15.Don'tgetnervous，helpyourselftowhatyoulike.()16.Wewillmakeourschoolmorebeautiful.()17.Hedidn'tcome．Thatiswhyhedidn'tknow.()18.Sheshowedushermanyofherpictures.()19.Theoldmanlivesalonelylife.()20.Luckilythe1989earthquakedidnothappeninthecenteroftown.()21.ThecarsmadeinJapanarebetterthanthoseinGermany.()22.Therearesomanypeopleinthehallthatit'shardformetofindhim.()23.Nomatterhowdifficultthetaskmaybe,wemustfulfillitthismonth.()24.Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.()25.Wemustdowhateverthepeoplewantustodo.()26.Atlasthegothome,tiredandhungry.()27.Wouldyoupleasepassmethecup?()28Maryhandedherhomeworktotheteacher.()29.Doyouknowthelatestnewsabouthim?()30.I’llgetmyhaircuttomorrow.()主謂結(jié)構(gòu)（主語(yǔ)＋不及物動(dòng)詞）1.你應(yīng)當(dāng)努力學(xué)習(xí)。2.她昨天回家很晚。3.那天早上我們談了很多。4.會(huì)議將持續(xù)兩個(gè)小時(shí)。5.在過(guò)去的十年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的變化。6.這種事情全世界各地每天都在發(fā)生。7.1919年，在北京爆發(fā)了“五`四”運(yùn)動(dòng)。8.每天八時(shí)開(kāi)始上課。9.這個(gè)盒子重五公斤。10.五年前我住在北京。主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)（主語(yǔ)＋及物動(dòng)詞＋賓語(yǔ)）1.昨晚我寫(xiě)了一封信。2.今天下午我想同你談?wù)劇?.這本書(shū)他讀過(guò)多次了。4.他們成功地完成了計(jì)劃。5.你們必須在兩周內(nèi)看完這些書(shū)。6.那位先生能流利地說(shuō)三種語(yǔ)言。7.我收到了筆友從澳大利亞寄來(lái)的信。8.Jim還不會(huì)自己穿衣服。9.我們大家都相信Jack是一個(gè)誠(chéng)實(shí)男孩。10.他不知道說(shuō)什麼好。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)（主語(yǔ)＋系動(dòng)詞＋表語(yǔ)）1.我的兄弟都是大學(xué)生。2.冬季白天短，夜晚長(zhǎng)。3.布朗夫人看起來(lái)很健康。4.十五歲他就成為有名的鋼琴家了。5.孩子們，請(qǐng)保持安靜