2024屆 高考英語語法專題復(fù)習(xí)：動(dòng)名詞講義素材

考點(diǎn)二：動(dòng)名詞

一、動(dòng)名詞的構(gòu)成

動(dòng)名詞是在動(dòng)詞原形后加上ing構(gòu)成,結(jié)構(gòu)為“動(dòng)詞原形+ing”。例如:

see的動(dòng)名詞為seeing

read的動(dòng)名詞為reading

write的動(dòng)名詞為writing

cook的動(dòng)名詞為cooking

動(dòng)名詞兼具動(dòng)詞和名詞的特征。

二、動(dòng)名詞的用法

1.作主語

結(jié)構(gòu):Doing/Seeing/Havingetc+be動(dòng)詞

例句：

Seeingisbelieving.

Drivingafterdrinkingisdangerous.

Jogginginthemorningisgoodexercise.

2.作賓語

結(jié)構(gòu):動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)名詞

例句：

Heenjoysreadingnovels.

Ifinishedwritingthereport.

Shesuggestshavingameeting.

3.作表語

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be+動(dòng)名詞

例句:

Myfavoriteactivityiscooking.

Theirplanisbuildinganewlibrary.

HisjobisteachingEnglish.

4.作定語

結(jié)構(gòu):先行詞+動(dòng)名詞

例句:

Thegirldancingoverthereismysister.

TheteachergivingthespeechismyEnglishteacher.

Doyouhaveanyquestionsregardingapplyingforthescholarship?

5.作狀語

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+謂語動(dòng)同動(dòng)名詞

例句：

Hehurthiskneeplayingfootball.

Shegotanallergyfromeatingpeanuts.

ImethimwhilestudyinginLondon.

三、練習(xí)

1.句子轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)

-Headmitted(make)thatmistake.

Headmittedmakingthatmistake.

-1suggest(have)ameetingtodiscussthisissue.

Isuggesthavingameetingtodiscussthisissue.

2.句子補(bǔ)充練習(xí)

-1lookforwardto(see)youagainsoon.

Ilookforwardtoseeingyouagainsoon.

-Shequitherjob(takecare)ofherbaby.

Shequitherjobtotakecareofherbaby.

-Marygotapromotion(work)hardformanyyears.

Marygotapromotionfromworkinghardformanyyears.

練習(xí)一；選擇合適的動(dòng)名詞

從括號內(nèi)選擇合適的動(dòng)名詞填空。

Sheenjoys(swim)intheocean.

I'minterestedin(play)musicalinstruments.

Hisfavoritehobbyis(read)sciencefictionnovels.

Wehadagreattime(hike)inthemountains.

Theteacherencourages(participate)inclassdiscussions.

Sheisgoodat(paint)landscapes.

Hesuggested(go)forawalkafterdinner.

Theyareconsidering(take)acookingclass.

練習(xí)二：句子改寫

將給定句子改寫，使用動(dòng)名詞。

Theycansolveproblemseasily.

改為：Theyaregoodatproblems.

ShestartedlearningFrenchtwoyearsago.

改為：ShebeganFrenchtwoyearsago.

Heapologizedforarrivinglate.

改為：Hesaidsorryforlate.

Weoftengoforaruninthepark.

改為：Weoftenenjoyinthepark.

Theydiscussedtheplanatthemeeting.

改為：Theyhadadiscussionaboutatthemeeting.

練習(xí)三：填空完成短文

根據(jù)上下文，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)名詞。

Myfavoriteactivityis(cycle).Istarted(cycle)whenIwasachild,and

I'vebeenpassionateaboutiteversince.Ienjoythefeelingoffreedomthatcomeswith

(ride)abike.Ioftengooutforlongridesonweekends,andIfinditrelaxingand

refreshing.Recently,Ijoineda(cycle)club,whichgivesmethechancetomeetother

peoplewhosharethesameinterest.Ibelievethat(cycle)isnotonlyagreatformof

exercisebutalsoawaytoexplorenewplaces.

練習(xí)四：連詞填空

根據(jù)意思，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膭?dòng)名詞或短語。

Sheisexcitedabout(start)hernewjob.

Theyareconsidering(go)onaroadtrip.

Hisdreamis(become)aprofessionalmusician.

I'mtiredof(wait)forthebuseverymorning.

They'rethinkingof(take)acookingclass.

考點(diǎn)四：過去分詞

一、過去分詞的構(gòu)成

過去分詞的構(gòu)成是在動(dòng)詞原形后加ed。例如：

learn的過去分詞是learned

listen的過去分詞是listened

walk的過去分詞是walked

要注意不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過去分詞構(gòu)成。

二、過去分詞的用法

1.作定語

結(jié)構(gòu):過去分詞+名詞

例句：

Therepairedcarlooksbrandnew.

Thefallenleavescoveredtheground.

Hisinjuredkneestoppedhimfromplayingfootball.

2.作表語

結(jié)構(gòu):主語+be+過去分詞

例句：

Thehouseispaintedblue.

MyEnglishhasimprovedaot.

Thefoodwascookedperfectly.

3.作狀語

結(jié)構(gòu):過去分詞，其余部分

例句:

Boredwiththemovie,hefellasleephalfway.

Shockedbythenews,sheburstintotears.

Equippedwiththenecessarytools,theystartedtheproject.

三、練習(xí)

1.句子轉(zhuǎn)換練習(xí)

-Thethiefwascaught(steal)fromtheshop.

Thethiefwascaughtstealingfromtheshop.

-Sheenteredtheroom,(folow)byherdog.

Sheenteredtheroom,followedbyherdog.

2.句子補(bǔ)充練習(xí)

-(exhaust),therunnercollapsedaftercrossingthefinishline.

Exhausted,therunnercollapsedaftercrossingthefinishline.

-TheFACupfinal,onSunday,isbroadcasttomanycountries.

TheFACupfinal,playedonSunday,isbroadcasttomanycountries.

練習(xí)一：選擇合適的過去分詞

從括號內(nèi)選擇合適的過去分詞填空。

Thebrokenvasewascarefully(repair)bytheskilledcraftsman.

Thenovelwassointerestingthatshecouldn'tstop(read)it.

Theassignmentwassubmittedlate,soitwasmarkedas(complete).

Themovie,(direct)byafamousdirector,wasaboxofficehit.

Shewasamazedbythe(paint)artworkdisplayedinthegallery.

Thelostdogwasfinally(find)byitsowner.

Thecakewasdelicious,madewithfreshly(bake)ingredients.

Thestudentswereexcitedtoseethe(select)playsperformedonstage.

練習(xí)二：句子改寫

將給定句子改寫，使用過去分詞。

Thechefpreparedaspecialdishfortheguests.

改為：Aspecialdishbythecheffortheguests.

Theyheardthenewsandwereshocked.

改為：Hearingthenews,theywere.

Theteambuiltanewstadiumfortheupcomingtournament.

改為：Anewstadiumbytheteamfortheupcomingtournament.

Shesawthemovieandwasimpressed.

改為：Seeingthemovie,she.

Hefoundthelostkeysonthesidewalk.

改為：Thelostkeysonthesidewalkbyhim.

練習(xí)二：填空完成短文

根據(jù)上下文，在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)倪^去分詞。

Theoldhouseattheendofthestreethasbeen(abandon)foryears.Itswindowsare

broken,andthegardenisovergrownwithweeds.Peopleusedtosaythatitwas

(haunt)byghosts.However,afewweeksago,agroupofvolunteersdecidedtocleanitupand

giveitanewlife.Theyhavebeenworkingtirelessly,pa