2024-2025學(xué)年譯林版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上學(xué)期期末復(fù)習(xí) Unit 5~Unit 8 教材知識(shí)梳理【考點(diǎn)串講】

Unit5~Unit8考點(diǎn)串講譯林版丨八年級(jí)上冊(cè)目

錄CONTENTS詞匯變形PartOne短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)PartTwo用法梳理PartThree語(yǔ)法精講PartFour詞匯變形011詞匯變形sad(adj.)→sadly(adv.)→sadness(n.)danger(n.)→dangerous(adj.)wolf→wolvesill(adj)→illness(n.)nature(n.)→natural(adj.)easy(adj.)→easily(adv.)tour(n.)→tourist(n.)describe(v.)→description(n.)important(adj.)→importance(n.)1詞匯變形apply(v.)→application(n.)sleep(v.)→sleepy(adj.)introduce(v.)→introduction(n.)fog(n.)→foggy(adj.)rain(v./n.)→rainy(adj.)snow(v./n.)→snowy(adj.)cloud(n.)→cloudy(adj.)lucky(adj.)→unlucky→luckily(adv.)wind(n.)→windy(adj.)1詞匯變形rise-rose-risenblow-blew-blownring-rang-rungshine-shone-shonesudden(adj.)→suddenly(adv.)freeze(v.)→frozen(adj.)excite(v.)→excited/exciting(adj.)→excitement(n.)throw-threw-thrownvillage(n.)→villager(n.)1詞匯變形shake-shook-shaken→shaking(n.)fear(n.)→fearful(adj.)silent(adj.)→silence(n.)beat-beat-beatenburn-burnt-burnt短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)022短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)inthewild在野外noway沒(méi)門have/takeapityonsb同情某人dieof/from死于（of-內(nèi)因，from外因）infact事實(shí)上beborn出生inthebeginning=atfirst起初，一開始atthebeginningof在...開始時(shí)facesth面臨/面對(duì)...=befacedwithsth2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)livemainlyon主要以...為食asaresult結(jié)果，因此asaresultof由于...indanger處于危險(xiǎn)中bedangeroustosb對(duì)某人有危險(xiǎn)takeactionrightaway立刻采取行動(dòng)atbirth在出生時(shí)=when...bebornbe/getlost迷路thesame..as和...一樣It'sapity/shame...很遺憾/可惜...Whatapity/shame多么遺憾2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)inthedaytime在白天callsb+稱呼稱呼某人...對(duì)稱呼提問(wèn)whatforthefirsttime初次bambooforests竹林havenoplacetolive沒(méi)有地方居住don’thavefoodtoeat沒(méi)有食物可吃buildpandareserves建造熊貓保護(hù)區(qū)makelawstoprotectpandas制定法律來(lái)保護(hù)熊貓forashortwhile短短一會(huì)兒2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)huntthemforfun獵取它們?yōu)榱巳?lè)otherpartsofthebody身體其他部分loselivingareas失去生存區(qū)域I’msorrytohearthat聽到這個(gè)消息很傷心/抱歉。movearound四周活動(dòng)sleepthroughthewinter睡過(guò)整個(gè)冬天allyearround一整年leadto(led-led)導(dǎo)致forashortstay短暫停留2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)cover...with...用...遮蓋becoveredwith被覆蓋becoveredindeepsnow覆蓋在深雪中havemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings有更多的空地給農(nóng)場(chǎng)和建筑物prevent/stop/keepsbfromdoing在組織某人做某事recordthechangesinnumbers記錄數(shù)字的變化theimportanceof......的重要性protectsbfromsth保護(hù)某人免受某物的害have/coveranareaof...=is...insize占地...面積hometo......的家園2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)oneoftheworld’smostimportantwetlands世界上最重要的濕地之一aperfectplacetodo做某事的完美地方takesthwith/tosb和某人談話(to-單向)apairofbinoculars一副望遠(yuǎn)鏡writedownwhatyousee寫下所見make/let/havesbdogetsbtodo

讓某人做某事enjoythenaturalworld享受自然世界callsbon...撥...打電話給某人emailsbat...發(fā)送郵件給某人到...bringsbsth=bringsthtosb帶給某個(gè)某物2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)withnothingon什么都沒(méi)穿coughalot經(jīng)常咳嗽haveahighfever發(fā)高燒thecauseof...的起因Whataperfecttimetoflyakite!多么完美的放風(fēng)箏時(shí)間?。mongtheflowers在花叢中hidefromtheAprilshowers躲避四月陣雨sweetsmemoriesofsummerdays夏日的甜美記憶autumnleavesturnbrown秋葉變黃2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)fallintopiles落成堆thetemperaturedrops/rises氣溫下降/上升dropbelowzero將至零度以下dropto...下降到dropby...下降了bebusydoing忙于做某事inthelatemorning上午晚些時(shí)候inthethirties在三十多...thistimeofyear每年這個(gè)時(shí)候blowhard吹得很猛2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)mopupsth拖洗，擦干凈mopit/themupthousandsof+復(fù)數(shù)數(shù)千，成千上萬(wàn)threethousand+復(fù)數(shù)三千threethousandofthe+復(fù)數(shù)期中三千crashintothetree撞到樹上hearabout聽說(shuō)feelaslightshake感到輕微震動(dòng)screaminfear害怕地尖叫bealive活著的2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)pullmyselfthroughthedark在黑暗中緩慢移動(dòng)tryone’sbesttodo盡最大努力做某事byaccident偶然washaway沖走

catchfire著火(瞬間)beonfire（延續(xù)）inalldirections四面八方comedown下降、降落not...atall一點(diǎn)也不，根本不calmdown平靜下來(lái)2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)findone’swayout找到出路atlast=finally=intheend最后breakdown拋錨，奔潰as...aspossible=as...assbcan/could盡可能...haveaheadache/toothache頭疼、牙疼inthecountryside在鄉(xiāng)村becauseofthecoldweather由于天氣不好hearthenoiseoftraffic聽到交通的噪音2短語(yǔ)過(guò)關(guān)crosstheroad=v+acrosstheroad過(guò)馬路stay/keepawayfrom遠(yuǎn)離sharesthwithsb和某人共用/分享某物fallover跌倒clearthesnowfromthestreets清除街道上的積雪用法梳理033用法梳理none/nothingnothing指沒(méi)有什么，指物none指數(shù)量為0eg:Thereisnoneoneleft.Thereisnopandaleft.Thereisnothinginthefridge.howmany提，問(wèn)回答用none詢問(wèn)是否有具體某物，回答用none詢問(wèn)有什么，回答用nothingeg:-Howmanyappledidyoupickonthefarm?-None.-Isthereanthinginthebox?-Nothing.-Arethereanybooksonthedesk?-None.3用法梳理because與because,表示直接的原因或理由because+句子becauseof+代詞/名詞短語(yǔ)eg:Theydidn’tgotoschoolbecauseoftheheavysnow.Ican'tgotothepartybecauseIhavetostudy.as與sinceas表示原因，但語(yǔ)氣比because要弱，通常用于比較正式或書面的語(yǔ)境中。eg:Asitisraining,wedecidetostayindoors.since“既然”表示已知的原因或理由，有時(shí)帶有假設(shè)的語(yǔ)氣eg:Sinceyou'renotcoming,I'llgoalone.3用法梳理時(shí)間介詞on:用于星期、日期；某一天的早中晚夜，含有季節(jié)、天氣等修飾的早中晚夜；含有day的節(jié)日eg:onahotsummerafternoononacoldnightonthemorningofJune1stonSundaynights現(xiàn)在分詞doing表示伴隨eg:Wethrowsnowballsateachother,screamingandlaughing.throwsnownballs的同時(shí)伴隨著動(dòng)作scream和laugh

3用法梳理happen與takeplacesthhappentosb某人發(fā)生了某事sbhappentodosth某人碰巧做某事happen/takeplace都表示發(fā)生，happen是偶然發(fā)生，takeplace的有計(jì)劃的發(fā)生；兩者都不能加賓語(yǔ)，表示“發(fā)生”時(shí)主語(yǔ)都是stheg:Whathappenedtoyou?Theartfestivaltakeplaceonceaterminourschool.Wehappenedtoseetheaccident.3用法梳理enough的用法：enough+n.adj./adv.+enough足夠...eg:Wedon’thaveenoughtimetofinishit.Sheranquicklyenoughbutdidn’tcatchthebus.enoughtodo足夠...做某事，可以轉(zhuǎn)化成too...todo太...而不能...eg:Sheisn’toldenoughtoattendaprimaryschool.=Sheistooyoungtoattendaprimaryschool.3用法梳理if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句：時(shí)態(tài)規(guī)則：主將從現(xiàn)，主祈從現(xiàn)，主情從現(xiàn)eg:Ifhefailagain,wewillgivehimahand.Studyhardifyouwantagoodreault.Youcan’tstayuplateanymoreifyouaresleepyinclass.rise與raiserise表示“上升、升起”，不及物動(dòng)詞，不能接賓語(yǔ)，sthrise，rise-rose-riseneg：Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.raise表示“飼養(yǎng)、籌集、升起”，及物動(dòng)詞，后需加賓語(yǔ)，raise-raised-raisedeg:Wewatchedthemraiseflags.Weplantoraisemoneyforchildreninpoorareas.3用法梳理see/hear/watchsbdo/doing若看到的是動(dòng)作的全過(guò)程，則用do，通常有表示一般時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如often,everymorning等eg:IoftenseehimdoTaiChiinthepark.若看到的是動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生，則用doing，通常有表示進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，如when...，atthattime等eg:IheardhimsingbeautifullywhenIpassedby.3用法梳理表示目的的結(jié)構(gòu)：todo表示目的inordertodo、inorderthat+目的狀語(yǔ)從句sothat以便、為了，引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句eg:Ninagetsupearlyeverymorningsothatshecancatchtheearlybus.Ninastudiedhardinordertopasstheexam.Hespokeloudlyinorderthateveryoneinthebackcouldhear.couldyouplease(not)dosth你可以(不)做某事嗎?請(qǐng)(不要)...好嗎？could表示委婉語(yǔ)氣，不是過(guò)去式；該句表示提出請(qǐng)求?；卮鹩胹ure/ofcourse，或Sorry,Ican’t./I’mafraid...eg:-Couldyoupleasenotclosethewindow?It’shot.—Ofcourse.語(yǔ)法精講044語(yǔ)法精講考點(diǎn)一：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示：過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或過(guò)去某一階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作結(jié)構(gòu)：was/weredoing時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：atthattimeyesterday,at5yesterdaymorning,from5to6yesterdayevening,thewholemorning,then等eg:-HaveNinafinishedherpaper?-I’mnotsure,shewasdoingitthismoring.Areyouwatchingafootballmatchatthistimeyesterday?4語(yǔ)法精講考點(diǎn)二：when與while用于進(jìn)行時(shí)while后從句用進(jìn)行時(shí)；若表示主從句動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生，都用進(jìn)行時(shí)eg:Shearrivedwhenweweretalkingaboutourplan.Shewaswritingdowntheideas,whilewewerediscussing.when：長(zhǎng)動(dòng)（延續(xù)性）作用進(jìn)行時(shí)，短動(dòng)作（瞬間動(dòng)作）用一般時(shí)態(tài)eg:WhenNinagothome,hersisterwasdoingchores.Anearthquakehappenedwhentheywerehavingaparty.when和as可以指某一點(diǎn)時(shí)間，也可以指某一段時(shí)間；while指一段時(shí)間4語(yǔ)法精講考點(diǎn)三：動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語(yǔ)：afford，agree，choose，decide，expect，forget，hope，learn，manage，like，offer，plan，prepare，promise，refuse，remember，try，w