2022高考英語一輪復習Module3TheViolenceofNature學案必修3

Module3TheViolenceofNature一、背單詞與詞塊(一)背閱讀單詞——會認就行(背誦時遮住右側漢語，先自主翻譯，后比對詞義)1．hurricanen． 颶風2．lightningn. 閃電3．thunderstormn. 雷暴4．tornadon. 龍卷風5．currentn. 海流；潮流6．feathern. 羽毛(二)背重點單詞——寫對才行1．ruinvt. 毀壞2．strikevt.&n. (雷電、暴風雨等)3．disastern. 災難4．floodn. 洪水5．causevt. 引起；導致6．buryvt. 埋葬7．damagen．&v. 損失；損害8．previousadj. 以前的9．worldwideadj. 全世界的(三)背拓展單詞——用準才行1．occurvi.發(fā)生→occurrencen．發(fā)生2．warnv．警告→warningn．警告3．sadadj.悲哀的；難過的→sadnessn．悲傷→sadlyadv.傷心地；不幸地4．furnishv．布置家具；提供→furnituren．家具5．thankvt.&n．感謝；謝謝→thankful_adj.感激的；感謝的→thankfullyadv6．hopev．&n．希望；期望→hopeful_adj.有希望的→hopelessadj.無希望的→hopefullyadv.滿懷希望地；有希望地7．eruptvt.(火山的)爆發(fā)；噴發(fā)→eruptionn8．violentadj.猛烈的；激烈的；強烈的→violence_n．暴力9．fortunen．運氣；財富→fortunateadj.幸運的→unfortunateadj.不幸的→fortunatelyadv.幸運地；幸虧10．luckn．運氣；幸運→luckyadj.幸運的→luckilyadv.幸運地；幸虧11．experiencevt.經歷；體驗n.經歷；經驗→experienced_adj.有經驗的12．actv．行動→actionn．行為，行動→activeadj.積極的；活躍的→activityn．活動13．possibleadj.可能的→possibilityn．可能；可能性→impossible_adj.不可能的14．terrifyvt.使十分害怕；使恐懼→terrifyingadj.嚇人的；可怕的→_terrifiedadj.很害怕的；恐懼的[語境活用]1．Asaboy,theactortookanactivepartinactivitiesafterschool.Now,hetakesactiontohelppoorstudentsachievetheirdreams.(act)2．HeisanexperiencedEnglishteacherandhastwentyyears'teachingexperience.(experience)3．Theterribleweathermadeitimpossibleforustogoonvacationandthereisapossibility_thatthetripplanwouldbeabandoned.(possible)4．Teachersoftenwarnusofthedangerofgoingswimmingaloneintheriver,butsomestudentsignorethewarning.(warn)5．Lastnightwehadadiscussion,whichbecamemoreandmoreviolent.Finallywereachedanagreementthatviolenceisnotthefirstchoicewhenconflictshappens.(violent)(四)背高頻單詞——先“記牢”再“用活”，不背絕對不行1．experiencevt.經歷；體驗n.經歷；經驗背詞條用法(1)withrichexperience具有豐富的經驗haveexperiencein...有……的經驗(2)beexperiencedin/at在……方面有經驗背寫作佳句①(2019·全國卷Ⅲ書面表達)Ourhostssharedmanyoftheirexperiencesandremendedwonderfulplacestoeat,shop,andvisit.我們的主持人分享了許多他們的經歷，并推薦了許多美食、購物和參觀的好地方。②(2020·北京高考書面表達)WeneedateacherwhoisanativeofEnglishspeakingcountriesandhasexperienceinEnglishdrama.我們需要一位母語為英語國家并有英語戲劇經驗的教師。③ZhangLiisagirlwhoisveryexperiencedatmakingChineseknots.張麗是一個制作中國結很有經驗的女孩。2．causevt.引起；導致；造成n.原因；理由；目標背詞條用法(1)causesb.sth.給某人造成某種結果cause...tosth.給某物造成……(2)causeandeffect因果；因果關系背寫作佳句①Ihopethechangewillnotcauseyoutoomuchtrouble.我希望這次變化不會給您帶來太多麻煩。②Theearthquakecausedgreatdamagetothecity.地震給這個城市造成了很大的損失。③Accordingtotherecentresearch,heavycoffeedrinkingandheartattackisnotnecessarilycauseandeffect.根據(jù)最近的調查研究，喝濃咖啡與患心臟病并沒有必然的因果關系。3．occurvi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；存在于；出現(xiàn)在背詞條用法sth.occurstosb.某人突然想起某事Itoccurstosb.todosth.某人突然想起做某事Itoccursto/strikes/hitssb.that...某人突然想起……背寫作佳句①Youneedtohandinareport，explaininghowtheideaoccurstoyouandwhatmaterialsyouuse.你需要交一份報告，解釋這個想法是如何產生的，以及你使用了哪些材料。②Itneveroccurredtomethatshemightbeintrouble.我怎么也沒有想到她會遇上麻煩。③Itneveroccurredtohertodoubtthatthestorymightbefalse.她從未懷疑過那故事可能是假的。(五)背短語詞塊——表達出彩，需多積詞塊才行eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)單元短語再認再現(xiàn)1．put_out 撲滅(火)；生產；制造2．put_down 記下；放下；鎮(zhèn)壓3．pick_up 卷起；掀起；拾起；搭載； (偶然)學會；情況轉好4．take_off 去掉；脫掉；起飛；興旺5．take_place 發(fā)生；進行6．in_all 總共；總計7．on_average 平均起來8．refer_to 指的是；談到；涉及9．plenty_of_ 許多；大量10．end_up_ 結果為……；以……結束11．set_fire_to 放火(焚燒)12．catch_fire 著火eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)重點短語拓展用活1．pickup卷起；掀起；拾起；接收(信號)；(偶然)學會；得到；整理；(用車)接；好轉；買到背相關短語pickingactivity采摘活動pickout挑出；辨別出；挑選；領會；理解pickyourselfup(跌倒后)站起來；振作起來背寫作佳句①(2020·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)Lastweekend，myclassmatesandItookpartinafarmpickingactivity.上周末，我和同學們參加了一次農場采摘活動。②Myparentswantmetogototheairportwiththemtopickmyuncleup.我的父母想讓我和他們一起去機場接我的叔叔。③Thispicturewastakentwentyyearsago.Iwonderifyoucanpickoutmyyoungerbrother.這張照片是二十年前拍的。你能不能認出我弟弟？2．endup結果為……；以……結束背相關短語(1)endupdoingsth.以……而告終(2)etoanend結束；完結put/bringanendto結束；終止intheend最后，終于make(both)endsmeet勉強維持生計；使收支相抵背寫作佳句①Thelifeofmyseniorhighschoolisingtoanend.我的高中生活即將結束。②Ithoughtwe'dbelatefortheconcert,butweendedupgettingthereaheadoftime.我原以為音樂會我們會遲到，但我們最終提前到了那里。③(2020·新高考全國卷Ⅰ)Manyoftheirfamilieswerestrugglingtomakeendsmeet.許多家庭都在勉強維持生計。二、背佳句與佳作(一)背寫作佳句——多“輸入”才能巧“輸出”eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅰ)教材內句式舉一反三1．Theycandestroyhouses,butleavethefurnitureinsideexactlywhereitwas.(leave＋賓語＋賓語補足語)它們可以毀掉房子，卻把房內的家具留在原處。佳句①Hethoughthisparentshatedhimandthatwaswhytheylefthiminaboardingschool.他認為他的父母討厭他，這就是為什么他們把他留在寄宿學校。佳句②Leavethedooropenwhenyou'reavailabletotalkandcloseitwhenyou'renot.當你有空閑時間交談時，就讓門開著；如果你沒有，就關上門。佳句③Nowadays,manyadultsworkincitiesforbetterlivingconditions,leavingtheiroldparentsaloneatcountryside.如今，許多成年人為了更好的生活條件而在城市工作，把年邁的父母獨自留在農村。2．Onaverage,thereare800tornadoesintheUSeachyear,causingabout80deathsand1,500injuries.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結果狀語)平均來說，美國每年發(fā)生800次龍卷風，造成大約80人死亡、1500人受傷。佳句①Fifteenmilliontreeshadbeenblowndownbythehighwinds,blockingroads,pathsandrailwaylines.1500萬棵樹被狂風刮倒，把大小道路和鐵路都堵塞了。佳句②MorehighwayshavebeenbuildinChina,makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.中國已經修建了更多的公路，這讓人們出行變得更容易。佳句③Watercanabsorbandgiveoffalotofheatwithoutbigchangesintemperature，thuscreatingastableenvironment.水可以吸收并放出大量的熱量而其溫度不會變化很大，因此能創(chuàng)造一個穩(wěn)定的環(huán)境。eq\a\vs4\al(Ⅱ)同主題佳句熟讀成誦1．Asevereearthquakedestroyedalmosteverything,leavingbadlydamagedbuildings.一場劇烈的地震幾乎毀了一切，留下了嚴重受損的建筑物。2．Sometimesasmileissopowerfulthatitgivespeoplesufferingfromdisastersgreatcourage.有時候，微笑會如此有力量以至于它給遭受災難的人以巨大的勇氣。3．Theearthquakecausedstructuraldamagetomostofthebuildingsinthetown.這次地震給城鎮(zhèn)的大部分建筑造成了結構性的破壞。(二)背滿分作文——好習作就靠“仿效”和“背誦”本輯學點——感謝信(一)[題目要求](2019·浙江高考)假定你是李華，經常幫助你學習英語的朋友Alex即將返回自己的國家。請給他寫一封郵件，內容包括：1．表示感謝；2．回顧Alex對你的幫助；3．臨別祝愿。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2．可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。[背范文]DearAlex，Hearingthatyouwillreturntoyourcountrysoon,Ifeelabitupset.Butmeanwhile,IwanttosendmysinceregratitudeforyourkindhelpwithmyEnglishlearning.IstillrememberwhatyouhavedevotedtoimprovingmyoralEnglishandEnglishwriting.Besides,youalsofranklysharedyourlearningexperiencewithme.Additionally,withoutyourhelp,IwouldnothavebeenatopstudentinEnglishandwouldnothavewontherecentEnglishSpeechContest.Allinall,wordsfailtoexpressmythankfulnesstoyou.Idohopethatyouwillhaveabrightfutureandthatourfriendshipwilllastforever!Yours，LiHua[學亮點]1．學謀篇布局2．學亮麗開頭開頭先用Hearingthatyouwillreturntoyourcountrysoon...點明寫信的背景及自己不舍之情。接著用sendmysinceregratitudeforyourkindhelp點明寫信的目的，感情真摯、誠懇。3．學高級表達(1)使用高級語塊，如：sendone'ssinceregratitudefor,devote...to...,wordsfailtoexpress等。(2)準確運用高級句式，如：現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語Hearingthatyouwill...;what引導的賓語從句whatyouhavedevotedto...；虛擬語氣withoutyourhelp,Iwouldnothavebeen...andwouldnothavewon...；助動詞do表示強調Idohopethatyouwillhave...等。這些都為文章增色添彩，提升了文章的檔次。4．學精彩結尾結尾先用了一個助動詞do放在謂語動詞hope前特意加強了語氣，表達了對朋友Alex的美好祝愿。5．學過渡銜接銜接詞butmeanwhile,besides,additionally,allinall,and等的恰當運用，使得文章結構嚴謹，層層遞進，讀起來朗朗上口。6．防微點失分考生容易把“Hearingthatyouwillreturntoyourcountry...”中的to漏掉，或把“Idohopethatyouwillhaveabrightfutureandthatourfriendshipwilllastforever！”中的last誤認為及物動詞而錯用為“belasted”，從而導致失分。學案(一)重點單詞的查漏補缺——打牢必備知識[全面練——練清易錯微點]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Theprevious(以前的)partytheygavewasnotasniceasthisone.2．Thatonemistake_ruined(毀壞)hischancesofgettingthejob.3．Thesnowstormcausedgreatdamage_(損失)tohousesandpowerlines.4．Whentheflood(洪水)waswashingthevillage,peoplescreamedinfearandraninalldirections.5．Recentlytheschoolwebsitehassetupanewcolumn(專欄)called“EnglishWriting”．6．WashingmachinesmadebyChinahavewonworldwide_(全世界的)attentionandHaierhasbeeapopularname.Ⅱ.根據(jù)語境寫出加黑部分的漢語意思1．AlltheplanetsorbittheSuninroughlythesameplane,rounditsequator.赤道2．Atropicalstormhittheisland,knockingoutthepowersupply.熱帶的3．Everysinglepieceoffurnitureinthethirtyroomsofthehotelhasbeenhandmadeandeachroomispletelydifferent.家具4．Attherailwaystation,themotherwavedgoodbyetoherdaughteruntilthetrainwasoutofsight.揮動5．(熟詞生義)(2020·全國卷Ⅰ)AstudyconductedinYoungstown，Ohio，forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.發(fā)生6．(熟詞生義)Ifcurrenttrendsdon'tbend,Russia'spopulationwillbeaboutthesizeofYemen'sbytheyear2050.現(xiàn)在的Ⅲ.單句語法填空1．Studiesshowthatifyouareinterestedinsomething,yourbrainisactive(act).2．Chinaalwaysplaysanactivepartinfightingagainstnaturaldisasters(disaster)．3．Thelittleboycriedsadly(sad)whenhisbestfriendmovedtoanothercity.4.Hopefully(hopeful)，thecavewillbeprotectedandwillnotbedamagedbyvisitors.5．TheystudiedtheGermanmarkettofindthepossibility(possible)thereforinvestment.6.Luckily(lucky),hefoundsupportingevidencefromtwootherdeathstothenovelcoronavirusoutbreak.7.Fortunately(fortunate),someonewhohappenedtobepassingbycalledthefiredepartmentinstantlythefirebrokeout.8.I'vetoldyouhadanarrowescapefromacaraccident.Ithinkitmusthavebeenaterrifying(terrify)experience.9.Actually，childrenlearnviolent(violence)behaviorfromadultsorfromtheyseeontelevisionorontheInternet.10.Manyearthquakeshappenwithoutwarning(warn),soitisimportanttoknowwhattodowhereveryouareduringanearthquake.名師點撥“一站清”(1)位于句首且作狀語的詞多用副詞，如：hopefully,luckily，fortunately,consequently等。(2)名詞前，常用形容詞作定語，起修飾限定作用，形容詞常表示該名詞的性質或狀態(tài)；如果名詞前用名詞作定語，而作定語的名詞常表示被修飾語的作用或用途，如flowershop,goodstrain。(3)介詞后的動詞形式，多為名詞或動名詞。如果動詞后還有名詞或其他修飾語，則該動詞多用動名詞，如：aftergraduatingfromthecollege；如果動詞后沒有名詞，則該動詞常用其名詞形式，如：aftergraduation。但有些帶-ing后綴的詞僅是名詞，后無須再跟名詞，如：warning,shopping,learning,painting等。[重點練——深化高頻考點]1．experience[明其義]vt.經歷；體驗n．經歷；經驗[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Doesshehavemuchexperience(experience)ofteaching?②Astotheactivities,weplantoinvite_experienced(experience)playerstogivetrainingtouseveryFridayafternoon.(2)補全句子③(2020·天津高考書面表達)Theheadmastercongratulatedusonsteppingintotheadult,reviewingthegrowthperiodthat_we_had_experienced.校長祝賀我們步入成人，回顧我們所經歷的成長時期。[解其困]experience用作名詞且作“經驗”講時，是不可數(shù)名詞，作“經歷，體驗”講時，是可數(shù)名詞。2．cause[明其義]vt.引起；導致；造成n．原因；理由；目標[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Nightmilkquickenedthestartofsleepandcausedthemiceto_sleep_(sleep)longer.②(2018·全國卷Ⅰ)Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromallcauses_(cause)．(2)補全句子③Ithasbroughtusalotofbenefitsbuthas_caused_some_serious_problems_aswell.它給我們帶來了許多好處，但也造成了一些嚴重的問題。[解其困]cause作名詞時，意為“原因(＝reason)，事業(yè)(＝career)，目標(＝goal/aim/target)”。3．bury[明其義]vt.埋葬；掩埋；使陷入；使專心[通其用](1)單句語法填空①Burying(bury)e-wasteorburningitcauseseriousproblemsfortheenvironment.②Afterfinishingmyhomework,Iwanderedintothediningroomwhereyouwereburiedinpilesoflawbooks.(2)句式升級③Becausesheburiedherselfinthefilm,shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.→Buried_in_the_film,_shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.(過去分詞短語作狀語)→Burying_herself_in_the_film,_shedidn'tknowitwassnowingoutside.(現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語)[解其困]表示“專注于；致力于；埋頭于”的短語還有：①beabsorbedin②bedevotedto＝devoteoneselfto③beoccupiedwith＝occupyoneselfwith/indoing④focuson⑤concentrateon⑥fixone'sattentionon4．occur[明其義]vi.發(fā)生；出現(xiàn)；存在于；出現(xiàn)在[通其用]單句語法填空①AgoodideaoccurredtomewhenIwokeupthismorning.②Itoccurredtometo_go(go)toattendameetingwhenIwasabouttogohome.③Nowitoccurred(occur)tohimthathisfarmhadmuchpotentialandthatthedeathofthecowwasabitofluck.[解其困](1)occur是不及物動詞，所以不能帶賓語，也不能用于被動語態(tài)。(2)occur的過去式和過去分詞形式要雙寫最后一個輔音字母，即occurred。學案(二)詞塊、句式的活學活用——強化關鍵能力[詞塊的驗收盤點]Ⅰ.詞塊點點練——選詞填空putout，putdown，pickup，takeoff，takeplace，endup，referto，inall，onaverage，plentyof1.Tokeepfit,studentsmusttakeplenty_of_exercise.2.Tenminuteslate,thefiremencameandput_outthefire.3.TheOlympicGamestake_placeeveryfouryearsonaregularbasis.4．Pleaseletmeknowhowmuchmoneymysonowedyouin_all.5．On_average,_mysonspendsonehourdoinghishomeworkeverynight.6.Itwasnotuntilshetook_offherdarkglassesthatIrealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.7．Jasonended_upsingingabeautifulsongatthepartyalthoughherefusedtosingatfirst.8.Notonlyhaveyou_referred_tomanycalligraphybooks,butalsoyouhaveconsultedsomecalligraphymasters.9．WhenyouhaveamealwithChinesefriends,you'resupposedto_pick_upthebowlandusethechopsticks.10.Findingaboystrugglingintheriver,I_put_downmyschoolbagandjumpedintotherivertosavehimwithouttakingoffmyclothes.名師點撥“一站清”(1)plentyof既可以修飾可數(shù)名詞，也可以修飾不可數(shù)名詞。(2)putout的常見意思有“撲滅；生產；出版”。(3)takeplace不可以用于被動語態(tài)。(4)takeoff的常見意思有“起飛，脫下”，還可以表示“突然成功”。(5)referto中的to是介詞，后接名詞、代詞或動名詞。(6)putdown的常見意思有“降落；寫下；放下；鎮(zhèn)壓”，還可以表示“使(當眾)出丑”。Ⅱ.易錯對對碰——辨析比較1．pickupVStakeup比較①Itook_upartforfouryearsatcollege.②IfyougotoEnglandyou'llsoonpick_upEnglish.辨清(1)pickup指“學會”時，強調不經意的、不系統(tǒng)的、偶然習得。(2)takeup指“學習”時，強調系統(tǒng)、認真地學習。2.takeplaceVShappen比較①Anaccidenthappenedinthatstreet.②Greatchangestook_placelastyearinmyhometown.辨清(1)happen表示偶然的、沒有預料到的事情的發(fā)生；而且多指整個情況。(2)takeplace意為“發(fā)生”時較為正比，不帶有偶然之義，表示必然發(fā)生或經過布置、策劃后進行的事情。Ⅲ.多義比比看——一詞多義(寫出下列各句中pickup的含義)①Theschoolbuspicksupthechildrenthreetimeseveryday.(用車)接②Theequipmentpickedupthesignalfromthesatellite.接收(信號)③HepickedupsomeFrenchwhilehewasawayonabusinesstripinParis.(偶然)學會④Myfriendbegantopickupafterstayinginhospitalforseveraldays.好轉，恢復⑤ThetwinsisterswereshoppingforhoursonWomen'sDayandmanagedtopickupbagsofbargains.買到[句式的驗收盤點]leave＋賓語＋賓語補足語[通其用]補全句子①Theywentofftogetherandleft_me_sitting_there.他們一起走了，留下我坐在那里。②You'dbetterleave_both_the_doors_and_the_windows_open.你最好讓門和窗都開著。③Ican'tleave_such_an_important_matter_undone/unfinished.我不能讓這樣一件重要的事半途而廢。④Wecan't_leave_the_light_onwhenleaving.我們離開時不能讓燈開著。[解其困](1)leave用作使役動詞，常跟復合結構，有以下構成方式：①leave＋賓語＋名詞/形容詞/副詞/介詞短語②leave＋賓語＋分詞③leave＋賓語＋不定式④leave＋賓語＋where引導的地點狀語從句/as引導的方式狀語從句(2)在leave的復合結構中，賓語補足語為現(xiàn)在分詞時，通常表示主動、進行的動作；賓語補足語為過去分詞時，通常表示被動、完成的動作；賓語補足語為不定式時，通常表示將來發(fā)生的動作。學案(三)高考語篇的價值發(fā)掘——提升學科素養(yǎng)(2020新高考全國卷Ⅰ·完形填空)對接主題：自然災害與防范，安全常識與自我保護(一)精讀真題——拓展語言能力(語篇中黑體詞匯為主題詞匯，請注意積累并揣摩其用法)[1]MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlands①whichbecamehissecond__21__.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof__22__therefromaveryyoungage.[2]Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething__23__happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe__24__itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.__25__，thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He__26__thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe__27__②.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek__28__duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe__29__departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand__30__anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.[3]__31__youngplantsinthedryseason③was__32__foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe__33__ofeachsapling(幼樹)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto__34__rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.[4]Molai__35__toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbeehome④tomanyplantsandanimals.［析微點·厚積語言基礎］①微技法——合成詞猜測詞義：adj.＋n.→n.wet(adj.潮濕的)＋land(n.土地)→wetlandn．濕地；沼澤地②微技法——“瞻前顧后”結合常識解題有的完形填空題目解答需瞻前顧后，綜合語境信息解答。文中第27題可以根據(jù)下句中的“duringthedaytime”再結合常識得出正確選項。③微積累——表示季節(jié)的詞語集錦：thedryseason旱季therainseason雨季theplumrainseason梅雨季節(jié)thedogdays三伏天；酷熱期④微積累——熟詞生義：homen．家；住所；家鄉(xiāng)(熟義)n．棲息地；生息地(生義)behometo……的棲息地[理脈絡——內化讀文規(guī)律](二)解析真題——感悟素養(yǎng)立意[考什么·怎么考——真題再做]21．A.dream B．jobC．home D．choice解析：選C文章首句提到Molai在一個小村莊長大，結合語境可知，此處表示一些濕地變成了他的第二個家(home)。22．A.nature B．youthC．culture D．knowledge解析：選A根據(jù)上文提到的濕地和下文講述的Molai為保護動物而種樹可知，這里指的是在很小的年紀，他就知道了大自然(nature)的價值和美麗。23．A.precious B．interestingC．disturbing D．awkward解析：選C根據(jù)下文表述的洪水發(fā)生后，鳥和蛇的數(shù)量都減少了可知，這里指的是他家周圍發(fā)生了一些令人不安的(disturbing)事情。24．A.waste B．tensionC．pain D．damage解析：選D根據(jù)語境和空后的“itcaused”可知，這里指的是洪水襲擊了該地區(qū)，造成的破壞(damage)使許多鳥類被迫離開。25．A.Besides B．HoweverC．Therefore D．Otherwise解析：選A空前提到鳥的數(shù)量減少了，空后提到蛇的數(shù)量也減少了，故此處用Besides(此外)。26．A.agreed B．realizedC．remembered D．predicted解析：選B根據(jù)語境可知，這里指的是他意識到(realized)這是因為沒有足夠的樹木來為它們提供保護。27．A.noise B．heatC．disease D．dust解析：選B根據(jù)下句中的“duringthedaytime”并結合常識可知，這里指的是沒有足夠的樹木來保護這些動物免受高溫(heat)的傷害。28．A.directions B．partnersC．help D．shelter解析：選D根據(jù)空前的“planttrees”及語境可知，解決方法是種樹，以便于這些動物在白天可以尋求到庇護(shelter)。29．A.labor B．policeC．forest D．finance解析：選C根據(jù)上文提到的解決方法是種樹以及下文中的“forhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere”可知，他向林業(yè)部門求助。forest“林區(qū)，森林”，符合語境。30．A.rebuilt B．discoveredC．left D．managed解析：選B根據(jù)空前的“Molaiwentlookingonhisown”以及空后的“anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees”可知，此處表示他發(fā)現(xiàn)(discovered)了一個附近的島嶼，他可以在那兒植樹。31．A.Decorating B．ObservingC．Watering D．Guarding解析：選C根據(jù)下文中的“Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.”及語境可知，這里指的是在旱季給小樹澆水，故用Watering。32．A.tough B．illegalC．fantastic D．beneficial解析：選A根據(jù)空后的“foraloneboy”可知，對這個男孩來說，獨自一個人在旱季給小樹澆水是艱難的(tough)。33．A.back B．topC．foot D．side解析：選B根據(jù)下文中的“Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.”可知，他是在每棵幼樹的頂部(top)搭建了一個竹子制成的平臺。34．A.cooldown B．keepoffC．purify D．collect解析：選D根據(jù)空前的“whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholes”和空后的“rainwater”以及“Thewater”可知，他在竹子平臺上放置了帶有小孔的陶罐來收集(collect)雨水。35．A.returned B．learnedC．failed D．continued解析：選D根據(jù)空后的“toplanttreesforthenext37years”以及下文可知，他在接下來的37年中繼續(xù)(continued)植樹。[為什么考·有何價值——導向解讀]一、發(fā)展思維品質文中第33題主要考查學生的邏輯性思維。根據(jù)下文中的“Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.”可以迅速地確定裝置是放在每棵幼樹的頂部，他是在每棵幼樹的頂部(top)搭建了一個竹子制成的平臺。back“背面，后面”；top“頂部”；foot“底部”；side“旁邊，側面”。二、聚焦核心價值本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了印度人Molai從小就意識到大自然的珍貴與美麗，在發(fā)現(xiàn)洪災給動物帶來了危害之后，他堅持長年植樹造林改善環(huán)境。他的付出為許多植物和動物創(chuàng)造了新的家園。文章旨在弘揚Molai植樹造林改善環(huán)境的無私精神，與此同時也在倡導人們關注自然生態(tài)和保護環(huán)境，意在提高人們與自然和諧共處的意識。(三)借力真題——發(fā)掘學習能力Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Itisimportanttoprotectmyfairskinfromthesun.2．ItsuddenlyhitmethatIhadleftmykeysbehind.3．Thereportsayslackofwatermayresultinseveralproblems.4．Wetbooksshouldbe_placed(place)onend(豎著)withtheirpageskeptapart.5．Travelingaroundandseeingsomuchhappening(happen)intheworldaroundusisawonderfulexperience.Ⅱ.補全句子1．John'srudenesssoondroveMonica'sfriendsaway(趕走)．2．Asweallknow,Chinais_home_to(……的棲息地)pandas.3．Whenhisparentsdiedhehadtolearntoliveon_his_own(獨立地)．Ⅲ.分析長難句1．Herealizedthatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.[句式解構]本句是一個含有一個賓語從句和一個表語從句的主從復合句。主句的主語是He，謂語動詞是realized。其中that引導賓語從句，because引導表語從句。[句意翻譯]他意識到這是因為沒有足夠的樹木來保護它們免受高溫的傷害。2．Molaibuiltatthetopofeachsapling(幼樹)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholestocollectrainwater.[句式解構]本句是一個含有定語從句的復合句。主句的主語是Molai，謂語動詞是built。where引導非限制性定語從句，對“abambooplatform”進行補充說明；“withsmallholes”作定語修飾pots；不定式短語“tocollectrainwater”作目的狀語。[句意翻譯]Molai在每棵幼樹的頂部建造了一個竹子做成的平臺，在平臺上他放置了帶有小孔的陶罐來收集雨水。Ⅳ.語法填空MolaigrewupinatinyvillagenearsomewetlandsinIndia,1.whichbecamehissecondhome.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyofnaturetherefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething2.disturbing(disturb)happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhaddriven3.awayanumberofbirds.Besides，thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.Herealized4.thatitwasbecausethereweren'tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromtheheat.Thesolution,ofcourse,was5.to_plant(plant)treessotheanimalscouldseekshelterduringthedaytime.Heturnedtotheforestdepartmentforhelpbut6.was_told(tell)thatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwent7.looking(look)onhisownanddiscoveredanearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.8．Watering(water)youngplantsinthedryseasonwastoughforaloneboy.Molaibuiltat9.thetopofeachsaplingabambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholestocollectrainwater.Thewaterwouldthendripontheplantsbelow.Molaicontinuedtoplanttreesforthenext37years.His10.efforts(effort)haveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbeehometomanyplantsandanimals.Ⅴ.主題語境寫作兩個月前，你注意到你居住的社區(qū)有人亂扔垃圾，你為此向相關部門反映，并利用空閑時間在社區(qū)內開展宣傳活動，社區(qū)環(huán)境得到了極大的改善，請就此場景寫一篇小短文。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：Twomonthsago,Inoticedthatthereweresomepeoplelitteringinourmunity.Therefore,IreportedittotherelevantdepartmentsandatthesametimeIsparedmyfreetimetocarryoutvariousactivitiestocallforthecitizenstotakecareofourlivingenvironment.Tomygreatdelight,therelevantdepartmentspaidattentiontothesituationandtookaseriesofmeasuresandallthecitizenswereallveryactiveinprotectingourlivingenvironment.Gradually,themunityenvironmenthasbeengreatlyimproved.課下主題訓練自然災害與防范，安全常識與自我保護Ⅰ.閱讀理解FiressweepingacrosstheAmazonrainforestrecentlyhavebeenmakingtheheadlinesasscientistsandenvironmentalgroupsareworriedthattheywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生態(tài)多樣性)．Asthelargestrainforestintheworld,theAmazonrainforestisoftencalled“thelungsoftheworld”．Itisalsohometoabout3millionspeciesofplantsandanimals,and1millionlocalpeople.Thevastareaofrainforestplaysanimportantroleintheworld'secosystembecauseitabsorbsheatinsteadofreflectingheatbackintotheatmosphere.Italsostorescarbondioxideandproducesoxygen,ensuringthatlesscarbonisreleased,reducingtheeffectsofclimatechange.“Anydestructionofforestisadangertobiodiversityandthepeoplewhousethatbiodiversity，”ThomasLovejoy,anecologistatGeorgeMasonUniversitytoldNationalGeographic.“Thegreatdangeristhatalotofcarbongoesintotheatmosphere，”hestressed.“Inthemidstoftheglobalclimatecrisis,wecannotaffordmoredamagetoamajorsourceofoxygenandbiodiversity.TheAmazonrainforestmustbeprotected，”UNSecretaryGeneralAntonioGuterressaid.DatafromtheNationalInstituteforSpaceResearchshowthatatotalof71,497forestfireswereregisteredinBrazilinthefirst8monthsof2019,upfrom39,194inthesameperiodin2018.“WeestimatethattheforestareasintheBrazilianAmazonhavedecreasedby20to30percentparedtothelast12months，”CarlosNobre,aresearcherattheUniversityofSaoPaulo,toldGermanbroadcasterDeutscheWelle.Brazilownsabout60percentoftheAmazonrainforestwhosedegradation(惡化)couldhavesevereconsequencesforglobalclimate.Theextentofthearearuinedbyfireshasyettobedetermined,buttheemergencyhasgonebeyondBrazil'sborders.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了雨林火災造成嚴重的后果以及保護亞馬孫熱帶雨林的緊急性。1．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．ThegreatroleoftheAmazonrainforest.B．Theeffectsofconsistentclimatechange.C．Thecausesofthedecreasingbiodiversity.D．TheresultsoftheAmazonrainforestfires.解析：選A段落大意題。根據(jù)第二段第一句和第三句可知，亞馬孫熱帶雨林被稱為“地球之肺”，廣袤的雨林在世界生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中扮演著重要的角色。由此可知，第二段主要講亞馬孫雨林的重要作用。故選A項。2．Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinthefourthparagraph?A．Toexplaintheprocessoftheresearch.B．Topresentthebadinfluenceofforestfires.C．Toprovethegreatimportanceoftherainforest.D．Toshowtheurgencyofprotectingtherainforest.解析：選D寫作意圖題。根據(jù)第四段第一句可知，巴西森林火災的數(shù)量2018年前8個月是39194,2019年前8個月是71497。再根據(jù)第二句可知，巴西亞馬孫河流域的森林面積比過去12個月減少了20%到30%。最后再根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“TheAmazonrainforestmustbeprotected”和最后一段最后一句可推知，作者提到第四段中的數(shù)字是為了說明保護雨林的緊急性。3．Whatdoestheauthorwanttotellusinthepassage?A．Thedryweatherleadstotherainforestfires.B．Thebiodiversitymakestherainforestunique.C．Therainforestfiresresultinseriousconsequences.D．Theglobalclimatecrisisbringsmorerainforestfires.解析：選C主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段第一句可知，雨林火災威脅生物多樣性和人類生活；再根據(jù)最后一段第一句可知，巴西擁有大約60%的亞馬孫雨林，其惡化會對全球氣候有嚴重后果。由此可推知，作者旨在告訴我們，雨林火災會造成嚴重后果。4．Whichsectionofanewspapermightthispassageprobablybetakenfrom?A．Cultureandlife. B．Natureandgeography.C．Humankindandsociety. D．Scienceandtechnology.解析：選B文章出處題。根據(jù)第一段中的“theywillworsenclimatechangecrisisandendangerbiodiversity(生態(tài)多樣性)”和第二段第三句并結合全文內容可知，本文講述的是亞馬孫雨林火災及其嚴重后果，所以本文最有可能摘自報紙的自然地理部分。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五Wheredohurricanenamesefrom?Whydowegivehumannamestoviolent,mindlessmassesofwaterandwind?Andhowdoweallagreewhichnametouse?Beforethe1940s,onlytheworststormsweregivennames.__1__TherewastheSeaIslandsHurricaneof1893,theGreatGalvestonHurricaneof1900andtheLaborDayHurricaneof1935tonameafew.Thepracticeofusingmorememorablenamesdidn'tbeginuntil1950.ItwaswhenAtlantictropicalhurricanesreceivedofficialnames,althoughtheystillweren'thumanones.__2__Sothe1950seasonfeaturedsuchstrangelynamedstormsasHurricaneDog,HurricaneEasyandHurricaneLove.__3__Thesamelistofnameswasrecycledeveryyear,sothe1950－1952seasonseachfeaturedaHurricaneAblethroughatleastHurricaneFox.Thatbecameconfusing,soin1953theUSNationalHurricaneCenterbeganusingfemalehumannames,whichprovedfarmoresuccessful.Notonlydiditmakestormidentificationeasier,butithelpedauthoritiesandnewsoutletsspreadwarnings.__4__Thefirsthurricanenameswereofteninspiredbyforecasters'wives,butin1979men'snameswereaddedtothemix.TheWorldMeteorologicalOrganizationnowmonitorsthemasterlistofnames,whichalternatesbetweenmaleandfemalessi